Biochar preparation device

Abstract

This invention discloses a biochar preparation apparatus, comprising: a first shell having a first discharge port, a tar outlet, and a recess at its bottom; a baffle embedded in the recess, having a first through hole; a first rotating shaft with multiple first stirring blades, having a second through hole; a second rotating shaft passing through the second through hole and connected to the baffle, the second rotating shaft being able to rotate under power until the first through hole connects with the first discharge port or the tar outlet, the second rotating shaft being coaxially arranged with the first rotating shaft, the baffle, and the first shell; and a filter screen disposed on top of the tar outlet. In this invention, biochar and tar are discharged separately from the first discharge port and the tar outlet during collection, thus preventing mixing. Furthermore, during the carbonization process, the rotation of the multiple first stirring blades by the first rotating shaft ensures uniform heating of the bio-organic material, resulting in more complete carbonization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biochar preparation. More specifically, this invention relates to a biochar preparation apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Biochar is a solid product generated from biological organic materials through high-temperature pyrolysis in an oxygen-deficient or oxygen-free environment. Biochar is highly stable and has a strong adsorption capacity, and can be used as a carbon fixation agent, soil conditioner, hygroscopic agent, and heavy metal adsorption and stabilizer.

[0003] During the biochar preparation process, tar is generated. When biochar and tar are collected, some biochar and tar will mix, resulting in waste of both. In addition, the large accumulation of bio-organic materials in the device can easily lead to uneven heating of the bio-organic materials, resulting in incomplete carbonization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biochar preparation apparatus in which biochar and tar are discharged from the first discharge port and the tar outlet respectively during collection, so that they do not mix. Furthermore, during the carbonization process, the first rotating shaft drives multiple first stirring blades to rotate, which enables the bio-organic materials to be heated evenly and carbonized more fully.

[0005] To achieve these objectives and other advantages of the present invention, a biochar preparation apparatus is provided, comprising:

[0006] The first shell is hollow inside. The upper part of the first shell is cylindrical and the lower part is semi-circular. A carbonization chamber is formed inside the first shell. The top of the first shell is provided with a cover, which is provided with a feed port, a nitrogen inlet, a first gas outlet, a second gas outlet and a driving device. The bottom is provided with a first discharge port and a tar outlet. A recessed part is provided in the center of the bottom of the first shell, and the vertical projection of the recessed part is circular. A heating coil is provided inside the wall of the first shell.

[0007] The baffle is cylindrical and is embedded in the recessed portion. The vertical projection of the baffle completely coincides with the vertical projection of the recessed portion. A first through hole is vertically provided on the baffle.

[0008] A first rotating shaft is coaxially arranged with the first housing and has a plurality of first stirring blades arranged on it. The plurality of first stirring blades are all located inside the first housing. A second through hole is vertically arranged on the first rotating shaft. A driven gear is sleeved on the top of the first rotating shaft. The driven gear meshes with a driving gear. The driving gear can rotate under the drive of the driving device.

[0009] The second rotating shaft passes through the second through hole at its bottom and is fixedly connected to the baffle. The first rotating shaft can rotate relative to the second rotating shaft, and the second rotating shaft can also rotate relative to the first rotating shaft. The second rotating shaft can rotate under the drive of power until the first through hole is connected to the first discharge port or tar outlet. The second rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft, the baffle, and the first housing are coaxially arranged.

[0010] A filter screen is located at the top of the tar outlet.

[0011] Preferably, in the biochar preparation device, the plurality of first stirring blades include a pair of stirring blades A, the pair of stirring blades A is disposed at the bottom of the first rotating shaft and is symmetrically arranged with respect to the first rotating shaft, the bottom of the pair of stirring blades A is horizontal and close to the top of the baffle, and the pair of stirring blades A can rotate to be opposite to the first discharge port and the tar outlet.

[0012] Preferably, in the biochar preparation apparatus, one end of the pair of stirring blades A away from the first rotation axis extends to the edge of the baffle.

[0013] Preferably, in the biochar preparation apparatus, the plurality of first stirring blades further include a plurality of pairs of stirring blades B and a pair of stirring blades C. The plurality of pairs of stirring blades B are arranged at intervals along the first rotating shaft in a vertical direction. Each pair of stirring blades B and each pair of stirring blades C are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first rotating shaft. The stirring blades C are arc-shaped and coincide with the center of the lower part of the first housing, and are located inside the lower part of the first housing. The radius of the stirring blades C is slightly smaller than the radius of the lower part of the first housing. One end of each pair of stirring blades C is connected to the end of a pair of stirring blades A that is away from the first rotating shaft.

[0014] Preferably, in the biochar preparation apparatus, the ends of each pair of stirring blades B located in the lower part of the first shell, away from the first rotation axis, are respectively connected to a pair of stirring blades C, and the tops of the pair of stirring blades C are flush with the top of the lower part of the first shell.

[0015] Preferably, in the biochar preparation device, the first discharge port and the tar outlet are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of the first shell, and when the first through hole is connected to the first discharge port, the vertical projection of the first through hole and the first discharge port coincides.

[0016] Preferably, the biochar preparation apparatus further includes:

[0017] The second housing is located below the first housing. The interior of the second housing is hollow and the top is open. The lower part of the first housing seals the top of the second housing, forming a cooling chamber inside the second housing. The first discharge port and the tar outlet are both located inside the second housing. The bottom of the second housing is a certain distance away from the bottom of the first housing, and a second discharge port is provided on it. The side wall of the second housing is a sandwich structure, and a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are provided on the side wall of the second housing. The cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet are both connected to the sandwich structure. The second rotating shaft passes through the baffle and the bottom of the first housing and extends to near the bottom of the second housing. Multiple second stirring blades are provided on the part of it located inside the second housing.

[0018] The tar outlet pipe has one end connected to the tar outlet and the other end passing through the side wall of the second housing and extending to the outside of the second housing.

[0019] Preferably, in the biochar preparation device, the upper part of the second shell is cylindrical and the lower part is semi-circular, the second shell is coaxially arranged with the first shell, and the second discharge port is located at the center of the bottom of the second shell.

[0020] Preferably, in the biochar preparation device, the plurality of second stirring blades further include multiple pairs of stirring blades D and a pair of stirring blades E. The multiple pairs of stirring blades D are arranged vertically at intervals on the second rotating shaft. Each pair of stirring blades D and each pair of stirring blades E are symmetrically arranged relative to the second rotating shaft. The stirring blades E are arc-shaped and coincide with the center of the lower part of the second housing, and are located inside the lower part of the second housing. The radius of the stirring blades E is slightly smaller than the radius of the lower part of the second housing. One end of each pair of stirring blades E is connected to the second rotating shaft. The end of each pair of stirring blades D located inside the lower part of the second housing that is away from the second rotating shaft is connected to a pair of stirring blades E. The top of each pair of stirring blades E is flush with the top of the lower part of the second housing. The pair of stirring blades E and the second rotating shaft do not seal the second discharge port.

[0021] Preferably, in the biochar preparation apparatus, the outer diameter of the upper part of the second shell is equal to the outer diameter of the upper part of the first shell.

[0022] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] In this invention, biochar and tar are discharged from the first discharge port and tar outlet respectively during collection, so they do not mix. Furthermore, during the carbonization process, the first rotating shaft drives multiple first stirring blades to rotate, which ensures that the bio-organic materials are heated evenly and carbonized more thoroughly.

[0024] The present invention sets the top of the baffle to be horizontal and makes the bottom of a pair of stirring blades A horizontal and close to the top of the baffle. When biochar or tar is collected, the pair of stirring blades A rotate, which can prevent biochar and tar from being trapped in the first shell.

[0025] The present invention can cool the prepared biochar by setting a second shell, and during the cooling process, the second rotating shaft drives multiple second stirring blades to rotate, which can make the bio-organic material cool more evenly.

[0026] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a biochar preparation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0029] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a biochar preparation apparatus, comprising:

[0031] The first housing 1 is hollow inside. The upper part of the first housing 1 is cylindrical and the lower part is semi-circular. A carbonization chamber is formed inside the first housing 1. The top of the first housing 1 is provided with a cover, which is provided with a feed port, a nitrogen inlet, a first gas outlet, a second gas outlet and a driving device. The bottom is provided with a first discharge port 101 and a tar outlet 102. A recessed part is provided in the center of the bottom of the first housing 1, and the vertical projection of the recessed part is circular. A heating coil is provided inside the wall of the first housing 1.

[0032] The baffle 2 is cylindrical and is embedded in the recessed portion. The vertical projection of the baffle 2 completely coincides with the vertical projection of the recessed portion. A first through hole 201 is vertically provided on the baffle 2.

[0033] A first rotating shaft 3 is coaxially arranged with the first housing 1, and a plurality of first stirring blades 5 are arranged on it. The plurality of first stirring blades 5 are all located inside the first housing 1. A second through hole is vertically arranged on the first rotating shaft 3. A driven gear is sleeved on the top of the first rotating shaft 3. The driven gear meshes with a driving gear. The driving gear can rotate under the drive of the driving device.

[0034] The second rotating shaft 4 passes through the second through hole and is fixedly connected to the baffle 2. The first rotating shaft 3 can rotate relative to the second rotating shaft 4, and the second rotating shaft 4 can also rotate relative to the first rotating shaft 3. The second rotating shaft 4 can rotate under the drive of power until the first through hole 201 is connected to the first discharge port 101 or the tar outlet 102. That is, the first through hole 201 can be connected to one of the first discharge port 101 or the tar outlet 102, but cannot be connected to both the first discharge port 101 and the tar outlet 102 at the same time. The second rotating shaft 4, the first rotating shaft 3, the baffle 2, and the first housing 1 are coaxially arranged.

[0035] A filter screen is disposed at the top of the tar outlet 102, allowing tar to pass through the filter screen while preventing biochar or bio-organic materials from passing through it.

[0036] The biochar preparation apparatus provided in this solution, during use, involves rotating the first rotating shaft 3 to connect the first through-hole 201 with the tar outlet 102. Bio-organic material is introduced into the carbonization chamber through the bio-organic material inlet, while nitrogen is introduced through the nitrogen inlet and oxygen is discharged. Both nitrogen and oxygen are discharged through the first gas outlet. During carbonization, syngas is discharged through the second gas outlet and then purified. During carbonization, the first rotating shaft 3 drives multiple first stirring blades 5 to rotate, ensuring uniform heating of the bio-organic material and more complete carbonization. Tar is discharged through the tar outlet 102 during carbonization. After carbonization, rotating the second rotating shaft 4 connects the first through-hole 201 with the first discharge outlet 101, allowing biochar to be discharged through the first discharge outlet 101. Therefore, mixing of biochar and tar during collection is prevented. Because the top of the baffle 2 is horizontal, tar retention within the first housing 1 is avoided during tar collection.

[0037] In another technical solution, in the biochar preparation device, the plurality of first stirring blades 5 include a pair of stirring blades A 501. The pair of stirring blades A 501 is disposed at the bottom of the first rotating shaft 3 and is symmetrically arranged with respect to the first rotating shaft 3. The bottom of the pair of stirring blades A 501 is horizontal and close to the top of the baffle 2. The pair of stirring blades A 501 can rotate to be opposite to the first discharge port 101 and the tar outlet 102.

[0038] During tar collection, a pair of stirring blades A 501 rotate, continuously scraping off the biochar and tar on the baffle 2 and pushing the biochar and tar to the tar outlet 102. Since a filter screen is installed at the tar outlet 102, the tar can pass through the filter screen and be collected.

[0039] During biochar collection, a pair of stirring blades A 501 rotate, continuously scraping off the biochar on the baffle 2 and pushing the biochar to the first discharge port 101.

[0040] In another technical solution, in the biochar preparation apparatus, one end of the pair of stirring blades A 501 away from the first rotating shaft 3 extends to the edge of the baffle 2. Thus, during rotation, the pair of stirring blades A 501 can scrape away substances adhering to the entire baffle 2, such as bio-organic materials, biochar, and tar, preventing these substances from adhering to the baffle 2.

[0041] In another technical solution, the biochar preparation device further includes multiple pairs of stirring blades 5, each pair of stirring blades B 502 and a pair of stirring blades C 503. The pairs of stirring blades B 502 are vertically spaced on the first rotating shaft 3. Each pair of stirring blades B 502 and each pair of stirring blades C 503 are symmetrically arranged relative to the first rotating shaft 3. The stirring blades C 503 are arc-shaped and coincide with the center of the lower part of the first housing 1, located within the lower part of the first housing 1. The radius of the stirring blades C 503 is slightly smaller than (e.g., only 1-5 mm smaller) the radius of the lower part of the first housing 1. One end of each pair of stirring blades C 503 is connected to the end of each pair of stirring blades A 501 that is away from the first rotating shaft 3. This prevents the bio-organic material, biochar, and tar from adhering to the inner wall of the lower part of the first housing 1 during rotation.

[0042] In another technical solution, in the biochar preparation device, the ends of each pair of stirring blades B 502 located in the lower part of the first housing 1 that are away from the first rotating shaft 3 are respectively connected to a pair of stirring blades C 503, and the top of the pair of stirring blades C 503 is flush with the top of the lower part of the first housing 1.

[0043] In another technical solution, in the biochar preparation device, the first discharge port 101 and the tar outlet 102 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of the first shell 1. When the first through hole 201 is connected to the first discharge port 101, the vertical projection of the first through hole 201 and the first discharge port 101 coincides.

[0044] In another technical solution, the biochar preparation apparatus further includes:

[0045] The second housing 6 is located below the first housing 1. The interior of the second housing 6 is hollow and the top is open. The lower part of the first housing 1 seals the top of the second housing 6, forming a cooling chamber inside the second housing 6. The first discharge port 101 and the tar outlet 102 are both located inside the second housing 6. The bottom of the second housing 6 is a certain distance away from the bottom of the first housing 1, and a second discharge port 601 is provided on it. The side wall of the second housing 6 is a sandwich structure. A cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are provided on the side wall of the second housing 6. The cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet are both connected to the sandwich structure. The second rotating shaft 4 passes through the baffle 2 and the bottom of the first housing 1 and extends to the bottom of the second housing 6. A plurality of second stirring blades 8 are provided on the part of it located inside the second housing 6.

[0046] The tar outlet pipe 7 has one end connected to the tar outlet 102 and the other end passing through the side wall of the second housing 6 and extending to the outside of the second housing 6.

[0047] After carbonization, the biochar is discharged into the second shell 6 through the first discharge port 101. Cooling water is introduced into the sandwich structure through the cooling water inlet. At the same time, the second rotating shaft 4 rotates under the drive of the power, and the biochar is stirred by multiple second stirring blades 8. The cooled biochar is discharged through the second discharge port 601.

[0048] By setting the second shell 6, the prepared biochar can be cooled, and during the cooling process, the second rotating shaft 4 drives multiple second stirring blades 8 to rotate, which can make the bio-organic material cool more evenly.

[0049] In another technical solution, in the biochar preparation device, the upper part of the second shell 6 is cylindrical and the lower part is semi-circular. The second shell 6 is coaxially arranged with the first shell 1, and the second discharge port 601 is located at the center of the bottom of the second shell 6.

[0050] In another technical solution, in the biochar preparation device, the plurality of second stirring blades 8 further include multiple pairs of stirring blades D 801 and a pair of stirring blades E 802. The multiple pairs of stirring blades D 801 are vertically spaced on the second rotating shaft 4. Each pair of stirring blades D 801 and each pair of stirring blades E 802 are symmetrically arranged relative to the second rotating shaft 4. The stirring blades E 802 are arc-shaped and coincide with the center of the lower part of the second housing 6, located within the lower part of the second housing 6. The radius of the stirring blades E 802 is slightly smaller than (e.g., only 1-5 mm smaller) the radius of the lower part of the second housing 6. One end of each pair of stirring blades E 802 is connected to the second rotating shaft 4. The end of each pair of stirring blades D 801 located within the lower part of the second housing 6, away from the second rotating shaft 4, is connected to a pair of stirring blades E 802. The top of each pair of stirring blades E 802 is flush with the top of the lower part of the second housing 6. 802 and the second rotating shaft 4 did not seal the second discharge port 601.

[0051] In another technical solution, in the biochar preparation device, the outer diameter of the upper part of the second shell 6 is equal to the outer diameter of the upper part of the first shell 1.

[0052] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A biochar preparation apparatus, characterized in that, include: The first shell is hollow inside. The upper part of the first shell is cylindrical and the lower part is semi-circular. A carbonization chamber is formed inside the first shell. The top of the first shell is provided with a cover, which is provided with a feed port, a nitrogen inlet, a first gas outlet, a second gas outlet and a driving device. The bottom is provided with a first discharge port and a tar outlet. A recessed part is provided in the center of the bottom of the first shell, and the vertical projection of the recessed part is circular. A heating coil is provided inside the wall of the first shell. The baffle is cylindrical and is embedded in the recessed portion. The vertical projection of the baffle completely coincides with the vertical projection of the recessed portion. A first through hole is vertically provided on the baffle. A first rotating shaft is coaxially arranged with the first housing and has a plurality of first stirring blades arranged on it. The plurality of first stirring blades are all located inside the first housing. A second through hole is vertically arranged on the first rotating shaft. A driven gear is sleeved on the top of the first rotating shaft. The driven gear meshes with a driving gear. The driving gear can rotate under the drive of the driving device. The second rotating shaft passes through the second through hole at its bottom and is fixedly connected to the baffle. The first rotating shaft can rotate relative to the second rotating shaft, and the second rotating shaft can also rotate relative to the first rotating shaft. The second rotating shaft can rotate under the drive of power until the first through hole is connected to the first discharge port or tar outlet. The second rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft, the baffle, and the first housing are coaxially arranged. A filter screen is disposed at the top of the tar outlet; The second housing is located below the first housing. The interior of the second housing is hollow and the top is open. The lower part of the first housing seals the top of the second housing, forming a cooling chamber inside the second housing. The first discharge port and the tar outlet are both located inside the second housing. The bottom of the second housing is a certain distance away from the bottom of the first housing, and a second discharge port is provided on it. The side wall of the second housing is a sandwich structure, and a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are provided on the side wall of the second housing. The cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet are both connected to the sandwich structure. The second rotating shaft passes through the baffle and the bottom of the first housing and extends to near the bottom of the second housing. Multiple second stirring blades are provided on the part of it located inside the second housing. A tar outlet pipe, one end of which is connected to a tar outlet, and the other end passes through the side wall of the second housing and extends to the outside of the second housing; The first discharge port and the tar outlet are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of the first housing. When the first through hole is connected to the first discharge port, the vertical projection of the first through hole and the first discharge port coincides. The plurality of first stirring blades include a pair of stirring blades A. The pair of stirring blades A are arranged at the bottom of the first rotating shaft and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first rotating shaft. The bottom of the pair of stirring blades A is horizontal and close to the top of the baffle. The pair of stirring blades A can rotate to be opposite to the first discharge port and the tar outlet.

2. The biochar preparation apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the pair of stirring blades A that is away from the first rotation axis extends to the edge of the baffle.

3. The biochar preparation apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of first stirring blades further includes multiple pairs of stirring blades B and a pair of stirring blades C. The multiple pairs of stirring blades B are arranged vertically at intervals on the first rotating shaft. Each pair of stirring blades B and each pair of stirring blades C are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first rotating shaft. The stirring blades C are arc-shaped and coincide with the center of the lower part of the first housing, and are located inside the lower part of the first housing. The radius of the stirring blades C is slightly smaller than the radius of the lower part of the first housing. One end of each pair of stirring blades C is connected to the end of a pair of stirring blades A that is away from the first rotating shaft.

4. The biochar preparation apparatus as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Each pair of stirring blades B located in the lower part of the first housing has one end away from the first rotation axis connected to a pair of stirring blades C, and the top of the pair of stirring blades C is flush with the top of the lower part of the first housing.

5. The biochar preparation apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the second housing is cylindrical and the lower part is semi-circular. The second housing is coaxially arranged with the first housing, and the second discharge port is located at the center of the bottom of the second housing.

6. The biochar preparation apparatus as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The plurality of second stirring blades also include multiple pairs of stirring blades D and a pair of stirring blades E. The multiple pairs of stirring blades D are arranged vertically at intervals on the second rotating shaft. Each pair of stirring blades D and each pair of stirring blades E are symmetrically arranged with respect to the second rotating shaft. The stirring blades E are arc-shaped and coincide with the center of the lower part of the second housing, and are located inside the lower part of the second housing. The radius of the stirring blades E is slightly smaller than the radius of the lower part of the second housing. One end of each pair of stirring blades E is connected to the second rotating shaft. The end of each pair of stirring blades D located inside the lower part of the second housing that is away from the second rotating shaft is connected to a pair of stirring blades E. The top of each pair of stirring blades E is flush with the top of the lower part of the second housing. The pair of stirring blades E and the second rotating shaft do not seal the second discharge port.

7. The biochar preparation apparatus as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the upper part of the second housing is equal to the outer diameter of the upper part of the first housing.

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