A new structure multistage pressure reducer

Abstract

The application discloses a new-structure multistage pressure reducer, which is characterized by comprising a shell, an air inlet, a first-stage pressure reducing mechanism capable of being communicated with or disconnected from the air inlet, a second-stage pressure reducing mechanism capable of being communicated with or disconnected from the first-stage pressure reducing mechanism, a third-stage pressure reducing mechanism capable of being communicated with or disconnected from the second-stage pressure reducing mechanism, a first-stage gas passage communicating the first-stage pressure reducing mechanism with the second-stage pressure reducing mechanism, a second-stage passage communicating the second-stage pressure reducing mechanism with the third-stage pressure reducing mechanism and a center valve seat located between the second-stage pressure reducing mechanism and the third-stage pressure reducing mechanism, and the center valve seat is provided with a center passage communicating the first-stage gas passage with the second-stage pressure reducing mechanism, and the second-stage passage and the first-stage gas passage are staggered but not communicated. The three-stage pressure reduction reduces the pressure reduction ratio, reduces the action area of the valve, prevents cavitation caused by excessively large pressure drop, and has a wide pressure regulating range and high pressure regulating precision. The center valve seat between the second-stage pressure reducing mechanism and the third-stage pressure reducing mechanism and the second-stage passage and the first-stage gas passage are ingeniously matched and arranged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pressure reducer technology, and in particular to a novel multi-stage pressure reducer. Background Technology

[0002] The pressure reducer reduces high-pressure gas to a stable low-pressure gas before delivering it to the fuel cell. In this process, there are strict requirements on the outlet pressure and flow rate of the pressure reducer.

[0003] Currently, commonly used pressure regulators are generally single-stage throttling devices. While these devices perform well under low pressure drops, they are prone to cavitation under high pressure drops, leading to premature damage to the throttling element. Therefore, for high pressure drops, two or more pressure regulators are often used in series to achieve the required outlet pressure and ensure stable operation. However, this increases the likelihood of product failures and instability, as well as system operating costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings in the aforementioned background technology, this invention proposes a novel multi-stage pressure reducer, which solves the problem in the prior art where pressure reducers are prone to cavitation at high pressure drops, leading to premature damage to the throttling components.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] A novel multi-stage pressure reducer includes a housing, on which are provided an air inlet, a primary pressure reducing mechanism that can communicate with or disconnect from the air inlet, a secondary pressure reducing mechanism that can communicate with or disconnect from the primary pressure reducing mechanism, and a tertiary pressure reducing mechanism that can communicate with or disconnect from the secondary pressure reducing mechanism; the housing contains a primary gas channel for connecting the primary and secondary pressure reducing mechanisms and a secondary channel for connecting the secondary and tertiary pressure reducing mechanisms, the secondary channels being staggered with the primary gas channels but not communicating with each other; the housing also contains a central valve seat located between the secondary and tertiary pressure reducing mechanisms, the central valve seat having a central channel connecting the primary gas channel and the secondary pressure reducing mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the secondary channel is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple secondary channels are arranged circumferentially around the central valve seat, and the axial direction of the secondary channel is parallel to the axial direction of the central valve seat.

[0008] Furthermore, the secondary channel intersects the primary gas channel perpendicularly but is not connected to it.

[0009] Furthermore, the first-stage pressure reducing mechanism, the second-stage pressure reducing mechanism, and the third-stage pressure reducing mechanism all include a pressure reducing valve movably disposed within the housing and a plug for sealing the pressure reducing valve, with a pressure reducing cavity provided between the pressure reducing valve and the plug; the plug of the third-stage pressure reducing mechanism is provided with an air outlet.

[0010] Furthermore, the pressure-reducing valve and plug of the secondary pressure-reducing mechanism are coaxially arranged with the central valve seat and the pressure-reducing valve and plug of the tertiary pressure-reducing mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, a coaxial third-stage valve seat is provided between the pressure-reducing valve of the third-stage pressure-reducing mechanism and the central valve seat. A pad is provided on the side of the third-stage valve seat near the central valve seat to create a gap between the central valve seat and the third-stage valve seat. One end of the second-stage channel is connected to the second-stage pressure-reducing mechanism, and the other end is connected to the gap. An axial channel is provided inside the third-stage valve seat to connect the gap with the third-stage pressure-reducing mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the three-stage pressure reducing mechanism also includes a spring seat sleeved outside the corresponding valve. The sealing of the three-stage pressure reducing mechanism presses the spring seat tightly onto the three-stage valve seat, and the valve of the three-stage pressure reducing mechanism is elastically connected to the spring seat through a spring.

[0013] Furthermore, the housing is provided with a safety valve that can be connected to a three-stage pressure reducing mechanism, a vent that is connected to the safety valve, and a manual vent valve.

[0014] Furthermore, the housing is provided with a sensor reserved port that can communicate with the three-stage decompression mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, the air inlet is connected to the housing via an inlet connector, and a filter element is installed inside the inlet connector.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] 1. By using three-stage pressure reduction, the pressure reduction ratio is reduced, preventing excessive pressure drop at one time from causing cavitation and premature damage to the throttling element. It also reduces the effective area of ​​the valve and the volume of the pressure reducing valve.

[0018] 2. By setting a central valve seat and a secondary channel arranged around the central valve seat between the secondary and tertiary pressure reducing mechanisms, the central valve seat, the secondary channel, and the primary gas channel are cleverly coordinated and arranged in a compact manner, reducing the volume of the pressure reducer and simplifying its structure.

[0019] 3. The valve core adopts a planar sealing structure, which features simple structure, good sealing performance, good linearity of area gain, and low flow resistance.

[0020] 4. This multi-stage adjustable high-pressure pressure reducing valve not only has a simple structure, but also a wide pressure adjustment range and high pressure adjustment accuracy;

[0021] 5. A safety valve is integrated into the outlet of the pressure regulator. When the outlet pressure exceeds the limit, the safety valve opens to discharge the gas, thus improving safety.

[0022] 6. A manual relief valve is integrated into the outlet of the pressure regulator, which can be manually operated to relieve pressure when necessary. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown in Example 1, a novel multi-stage pressure reducer includes a housing 1. The housing 1 has an air inlet 2, a primary pressure reducing mechanism that can communicate with or disconnect from the air inlet 2, a secondary pressure reducing mechanism that can communicate with or disconnect from the primary pressure reducing mechanism, and a tertiary pressure reducing mechanism that can communicate with or disconnect from the secondary pressure reducing mechanism. Each of the primary, secondary, and tertiary pressure reducing mechanisms includes a pressure reducing valve movably disposed within the housing 1 and a plug for sealing the pressure reducing valve. A pressure reducing chamber is provided between the pressure reducing valve and the plug, and the pressure reducing chambers are respectively a high-pressure chamber Q1, a medium-pressure chamber Q2, and a low-pressure chamber Q3. The plugs are all threadedly connected to the housing 1. Specifically, as shown... Figure 1As shown, the first-stage pressure reducing mechanism includes a first-stage pressure reducing valve 5 and a first-stage plug 8, with a high-pressure chamber Q1 between the first-stage pressure reducing valve 5 and the first-stage plug 8; the second-stage pressure reducing mechanism includes a second-stage pressure reducing valve 13 and a second-stage plug 14, with a medium-pressure chamber Q2 between the second-stage pressure reducing valve 13 and the second-stage plug 14; the third-stage pressure reducing mechanism includes a third-stage pressure reducing valve 15 and a third-stage plug 16, with a low-pressure chamber Q3 between the third-stage pressure reducing valve 15 and the third-stage plug 16. The third-stage pressure reducing mechanism has an outlet. A vertical first-stage gas channel 101 is provided in the middle of the housing 1, which connects the first-stage pressure reducing mechanism and the second-stage pressure reducing mechanism. A central valve seat 6 is located between the second-stage and third-stage pressure reducing mechanisms within the housing 1, and the central valve seat 6 has a central channel connecting the first-stage gas channel 101 and the second-stage pressure reducing mechanism. The central channel has an L-shaped or U-shaped structure, with its vertical portion coaxially connected to and communicating with the first-stage gas channel 101, and its horizontal portion coaxially connected to and communicating with the second-stage pressure reducing mechanism. A transverse secondary channel 102 is also provided at the center of the housing 1. The secondary channel 102 is used to connect the secondary pressure reducing mechanism and the tertiary pressure reducing mechanism. The secondary channel 102 intersects with the primary gas channel 101 but is not connected to it. Each valve is equipped with a spring to allow the valve to move elastically under gas pressure, thereby closing or opening the passage to the air inlet or other gas channels.

[0027] In operation, gas enters the pressure regulator through inlet 2 and enters the high-pressure chamber Q1. The pressure in high-pressure chamber Q1 increases, pushing the first-stage pressure-reducing valve 5 to close. When the pressure in high-pressure chamber Q1 reaches the set pressure, the first-stage pressure-reducing valve 5 completely closes, at which point the pressure in high-pressure chamber Q1 no longer increases, completing the first pressure reduction of the inlet pressure. This process continues until gas enters the medium-pressure chamber Q2, achieving the second pressure reduction, and finally, it enters the low-pressure chamber Q3, achieving the third pressure reduction. After pressure reduction, the gas is discharged through the outlet. When the outlet pressure decreases, the third-stage pressure-reducing valve 15, the second-stage pressure-reducing valve 13, and the first-stage pressure-reducing valve open five times in sequence, increasing the outlet pressure. The three valves are always in a high-frequency switching state, ensuring the pressure regulator outlet pressure reaches dynamic equilibrium.

[0028] Furthermore, multiple secondary channels 102 are provided, arranged circumferentially around the central valve seat 6, that is, the multiple secondary channels 102 are arranged rotationally symmetrically about the axis of the central valve seat 6. The axial direction of the secondary channels 102 is parallel to the axial direction of the central valve seat 6. The secondary channels 102 intersect perpendicularly with the primary gas channel 101 but are not interconnected.

[0029] Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that, as Figure 1As shown, the secondary pressure-reducing valve 13 and secondary plug 14 of the secondary pressure-reducing mechanism are coaxially arranged with the central valve seat 6 and the tertiary pressure-reducing valve 15 and tertiary plug 16 of the tertiary pressure-reducing mechanism. The transverse portion of the central channel on the central valve seat 6 is located on the axis of the central valve seat 6 and close to one end of the secondary pressure-reducing mechanism. Gas entering from the inlet or exiting from the primary pressure-reducing mechanism enters the secondary pressure-reducing mechanism through the primary gas channel 101 and the central channel, and gas exiting the secondary pressure-reducing mechanism enters the tertiary pressure-reducing mechanism through the secondary channel 102.

[0030] Example 3 differs from Example 2 in that, as Figure 1 As shown, a coaxial third-stage valve seat 7 is provided between the third-stage pressure-reducing valve 15 and the central valve seat 6 of the third-stage pressure-reducing mechanism. The end of the second-stage channel 102 near the third-stage pressure-reducing mechanism is directly opposite the annular surface of the third-stage valve seat 7. A pad is provided on the annular surface of the third-stage valve seat 7 near the central valve seat 6 to create a gap between the central valve seat 6 and the third-stage valve seat 7. One end of the second-stage channel 102 communicates with the second-stage pressure-reducing mechanism, and the other end leads to the gap. An axial channel is provided inside the third-stage valve seat 7 to connect the gap and the third-stage pressure-reducing mechanism. A sealing annular surface is provided at the end of the axial channel near the third-stage pressure-reducing mechanism. This sealing annular surface cooperates with the valve core of the third-stage pressure-reducing valve 15 to seal when the third-stage pressure-reducing valve 15 is closed.

[0031] Example 4 differs from Example 3 in that the three-stage pressure reducing mechanism further includes a spring seat 9 sleeved around the corresponding valve, namely the three-stage valve 15. The spring of the three-stage valve 15 is pressed between the three-stage valve 15 and the spring seat 9. The three-stage sealing 16 presses the spring seat 9 against one side of the annular surface of the three-stage valve seat 7, and the other side of the annular surface of the three-stage valve seat 7 is pressed against the end face of the central valve seat 6 by a pad. An annular boss is provided inside the housing 1 at the other end face of the central valve seat 6, which allows the corresponding end face of the central valve seat 6 to abut against the side of the annular boss, and also allows the secondary valve 13 to pass through the inner ring of the annular boss and cooperate with the central valve seat 6. The spring seat 9 facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the three-stage valve seat 7. The three-stage valve seat 7 facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the central valve seat 6. The valve core of the secondary valve 13 and the mating surface of the central valve seat 6 are flat, which can achieve a planar seal.

[0032] Example 5 differs from Example 1 in that the housing 1 is provided with a safety valve 10 that can communicate with a three-stage pressure reducing mechanism, a vent 11 that communicates with the safety valve 10, and a manual vent valve 12.

[0033] Furthermore, the housing 1 is provided with a sensor reserved port 103 that can communicate with the three-stage pressure reduction mechanism. Specifically, the housing 1 is provided with a sensor channel 104 leading to the sensor reserved port 103, and the manual relief valve 12 and the sensor reserved port 103 are connected to the sensor channel 104.

[0034] Example 6 differs from Example 1 in that the air inlet 2 is connected to the housing 1 via an inlet connector 3, and a filter element 4 is installed inside the inlet connector 3. The outer side of the inlet connector 3 is screwed to the housing 1, and the air inlet 2 is screwed to the inner side of the inlet connector 3. One inward-facing end of the inlet connector 3 has a constricted opening directly opposite the air inlet 2, and the filter element 4 is positioned between the constricted opening and the air inlet 2. The end face of the inward-facing end of the inlet connector 3 faces the primary valve, and the mating surface between this end face of the inlet connector 3 and the valve core of the primary valve is planar, achieving a planar seal.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel multi-stage pressure reducer, characterized in that: The device includes a housing (1), which has an air inlet (2), a primary pressure reducing mechanism that can communicate with or disconnect from the air inlet (2), a secondary pressure reducing mechanism that can communicate with or disconnect from the primary pressure reducing mechanism, and a tertiary pressure reducing mechanism that can communicate with or disconnect from the secondary pressure reducing mechanism; the housing (1) has a primary gas channel (101) for connecting the primary and secondary pressure reducing mechanisms and a secondary channel (102) for connecting the secondary and tertiary pressure reducing mechanisms; the secondary channel (102) and the primary gas channel (101) are staggered but not connected; the housing (1) also has a central valve seat (6) located between the secondary and tertiary pressure reducing mechanisms, and the central valve seat (6) has a central channel connecting the primary gas channel (101) and the secondary pressure reducing mechanism; the primary pressure reducing mechanism... The pressure reducing mechanism, the secondary pressure reducing mechanism, and the tertiary pressure reducing mechanism all include a pressure reducing valve movably disposed within the housing (1) and a plug for sealing the pressure reducing valve. A pressure reducing cavity is provided between the pressure reducing valve and the plug. The pressure reducing valve and the plug of the secondary pressure reducing mechanism are coaxially disposed with the central valve seat (6) and the pressure reducing valve and the plug of the tertiary pressure reducing mechanism. A tertiary valve seat (7) is coaxially disposed between the pressure reducing valve of the tertiary pressure reducing mechanism and the central valve seat (6). A pad is provided on the side of the tertiary valve seat (7) near the central valve seat (6) to create a gap between the central valve seat (6) and the tertiary valve seat (7). One end of the secondary channel (102) is connected to the secondary pressure reducing mechanism, and the other end is connected to the gap. An axial channel is provided inside the tertiary valve seat (7) to connect the gap with the tertiary pressure reducing mechanism.

2. The novel multi-stage pressure reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary channel (102) is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple secondary channels (102) are arranged circumferentially around the central valve seat (6), and the axial direction of the secondary channel (102) is parallel to the axial direction of the central valve seat (6).

3. The novel multi-stage pressure reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The secondary channel (102) intersects perpendicularly with the primary gas channel (101) and is not connected.

4. The novel multi-stage pressure reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The three-stage pressure reduction mechanism has an air outlet on its seal.

5. The novel multi-stage pressure reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The three-stage pressure reducing mechanism also includes a spring seat (9) sleeved outside the corresponding valve. The sealing of the three-stage pressure reducing mechanism presses the spring seat (9) tightly onto the three-stage valve seat (7). The valve of the three-stage pressure reducing mechanism is elastically connected to the spring seat (9) through a spring.

6. The novel multi-stage pressure reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The housing (1) is provided with a safety valve (10) that can be connected to a three-stage pressure reducing mechanism, a vent (11) that is connected to the safety valve (10), and a manual vent valve (12).

7. The novel multi-stage pressure reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The housing (1) is provided with a sensor reserved port (103) that can be connected to the three-stage decompression mechanism.

8. The novel multi-stage pressure reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The air inlet (2) is connected to the housing (1) through the inlet connector (3), and the inlet connector (3) is equipped with a filter element (4).

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