An ultrafine comminution system for traditional Chinese medicine of rhizome type

Abstract

The present invention discloses a superfine pulverization system for rhizome traditional Chinese medicine, which relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine processing and includes a coarse pulverizer and a fine pulverizer. A feeding elevator is arranged on one side of the coarse pulverizer, and a screw feeder is arranged between the coarse pulverizer and the fine pulverizer; the coarse pulverizer includes a coarse pulverization base and a coarse pulverization upper housing. An installation space for a coarse pulverization rotor is formed inside the coarse pulverization base and the coarse pulverization upper housing. The coarse pulverization rotor is arranged in a coarse pulverization cutter assembly body, and a coarse pulverization screen is arranged below the coarse pulverization rotor; the coarse pulverization rotor is connected to a first driving mechanism; the fine pulverizer includes a fine pulverization device, a pneumatic classification device and a superfine pulverization device arranged in sequence from top to bottom. An annular air bag is arranged outside the superfine pulverization device, and the fine pulverization device and the superfine pulverization device are communicated through a plurality of feeding channels. The present invention can successively carry out coarse pulverization, fine pulverization, superfine pulverization, classification and collection on rhizome traditional Chinese medicine to obtain broken-wall micro-powder, improving the pulverization efficiency and quality of rhizome traditional Chinese medicine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine processing, and particularly relates to an ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome traditional Chinese medicine. Background Art

[0002] For the pulverization of rhizome traditional Chinese medicine, its main component is plant fiber, with relatively high toughness and low brittleness. The material absorbs a large amount of strain energy, making the pulverization difficult. And because it is necessary to reduce the agglomeration of the material during pulverization, the traditional Chinese medicine needs to be dried before pulverization, which makes the rhizome traditional Chinese medicine show strong toughness and is thus more difficult to pulverize. In the field of traditional Chinese medicine pulverization, mostly off-the-shelf pulverization equipment is selected to pulverize traditional Chinese medicine, without choosing a reasonable pulverization method and pulverization process according to the different types and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine.

[0003] Currently, the pulverization methods for traditional Chinese medicine can be roughly divided into mechanical impact pulverization, attrition pulverization, and pneumatic pulverization. Mechanical impact pulverization is to drive a high-speed rotating hammer or blade by an electric motor to pulverize traditional Chinese medicine. It has high pulverization efficiency, a large pulverization ratio, and a simple structure. However, most impact pulverizers mainly use two force fields, namely impact force and friction force, for pulverization. It is more suitable for brittle traditional Chinese medicine. For rhizome traditional Chinese medicine with relatively high toughness, the most effective force field is the shear force field. Therefore, the pulverization efficiency for rhizome traditional Chinese medicine is not high. And mechanical impact pulverization can usually only pulverize the material to about 100 mesh (150 μm) at most. To pulverize the material to a finer degree, a large amount of energy and time are required. And through a large number of studies and experiments, it is found that most traditional Chinese medicines need to be pulverized to a particle size of less than 70 μm to achieve cell wall breaking.

[0004] The most commonly used equipment in attrition pulverization is a vibration mill. It uses high-intensity vibration to make the material in the grinding cylinder be impacted and ground at a high acceleration, and can pulverize ductile materials. Its pulverization particle size can reach below 5 μm, meeting the cell wall breaking requirements for rhizome traditional Chinese medicine. However, during the pulverization process of the attrition pulverizer, the grinding barrel and the grinding medium will cause relatively large wear, causing relatively large pollution to traditional Chinese medicine. And it cannot timely separate the traditional Chinese medicine fine powder that meets the fineness requirements, resulting in over-pulverization and a large amount of agglomeration of the traditional Chinese medicine fine powder.

[0005] Jet milling uses supersonic high-turbulence airflows generated by compressed air or superheated steam passing through nozzles as carriers for particles, causing impact extrusion, friction, and shear between particles or between particles and fixed plates, thereby achieving the purpose of comminution. The product particle size can reach 1 - 10 μm, with a narrow particle size distribution range. Also, since the gas expands at the nozzle, the temperature can be lowered, and the comminution temperature is relatively low. However, jet milling has relatively high requirements for the feed particle size, generally not exceeding 5 mm. Therefore, the material needs to be pre-comminuted before jet milling. Its typical equipment can be divided into disk jet mills, circulating tube jet mills, target jet mills, and fluidized bed opposed jet mills. Among them, the fluidized bed opposed jet mill is the most commonly used. It uses multiple high-pressure airflows to carry material particles for high-speed movement, realizing collisions between particles and making the particles in a fluidized state in the comminution chamber. After the particles collide multiple times to meet the fineness requirements, the qualified particles are separated by a classification device. However, this type of mill is more suitable for comminuting brittle traditional Chinese medicines, and the energy consumption for comminuting rhizome traditional Chinese medicines is relatively large. The target jet mill is where high-speed airflows carry particles to collide with a fixed target plate. Its comminution ability is large among several types of mills, with high efficiency, and it can comminute tough rhizome traditional Chinese medicines. However, the fixed target plate is easily worn, thus causing pollution to the traditional Chinese medicine. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a superfine comminution system for rhizome traditional Chinese medicines, which can successively perform coarse comminution, fine comminution, superfine comminution, classification, and collection on rhizome traditional Chinese medicines, and finally obtain the broken-wall fine powder of rhizome traditional Chinese medicines, improving the comminution efficiency of rhizome traditional Chinese medicines and the quality of the broken-wall fine powder.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0008] An embodiment of the present invention provides a superfine comminution system for rhizome traditional Chinese medicines, including a coarse comminutor and a fine comminutor. A feeding elevator is arranged on one side of the coarse comminutor, and a screw feeder is provided between the coarse comminutor and the fine comminutor;

[0009] The coarse comminutor includes a coarse comminution base and a coarse comminution upper housing. An installation space for a coarse comminution rotor is formed inside the coarse comminution base and the coarse comminution upper housing. The coarse comminution rotor is arranged in a coarse comminution cutter assembly body, and a coarse comminution screen is provided below the coarse comminution rotor; the coarse comminution rotor is connected to a first driving mechanism;

[0010] The fine comminutor includes a fine comminution device, a pneumatic classification device, and a superfine comminution device arranged in sequence from top to bottom. An annular air bag is arranged outside the superfine comminution device, and the fine comminution device and the superfine comminution device are connected through multiple feeding channels.

[0011] As a further implementation manner, the coarse crushing rotor includes a coarse crushing main shaft, and a plurality of first coarse crushing blades are installed on the coarse crushing main shaft through coarse crushing tool mounting seats;

[0012] On the side of the coarse crushing tool assembly facing the coarse crushing rotor, second coarse crushing blades are symmetrically installed.

[0013] As a further implementation manner, a plurality of coarse crushing tool mounting seats are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the coarse crushing main shaft, a plurality of mounting parts are evenly arranged circumferentially on the coarse crushing tool mounting seats, and the mounting parts corresponding to each coarse crushing tool mounting seat are connected to the first coarse crushing blades.

[0014] As a further implementation manner, the coarse crushing tool assembly includes a coarse crushing tool mounting frame, coarse crushing liners are detachably installed on both sides of the coarse crushing tool mounting frame, second coarse crushing blades are installed inside the coarse crushing tool mounting frame, and the second coarse crushing blades extend along the axial direction of the coarse crushing main shaft.

[0015] As a further implementation manner, the coarse crushing tool assembly is in a semi-surrounding structure, and its two ends abut against the protrusions on the inner wall of the coarse crushing base; the coarse crushing screen is detachably connected to the protrusions.

[0016] As a further implementation manner, the fine crushing device includes a fine crushing housing, a fine crushing upper cover plate installed on the top of the fine crushing housing, a fine crushing rotor is installed inside the fine crushing housing, and the fine crushing rotor is connected to a second driving mechanism;

[0017] The fine crushing rotor includes a fine crushing rotating shaft and a fixed tool mechanism and a moving tool mechanism connected to the fine crushing rotating shaft.

[0018] As a further implementation manner, the fine crushing housing is of a double-layer structure, grooves are formed at intervals on the inner layer side wall of the fine crushing housing, and a fine crushing screen is arranged in the grooves; a cleaning port is arranged on the outer layer structure of the fine crushing housing corresponding to the fine crushing screen, and the cleaning port is communicated with the blanking channel.

[0019] As a further implementation manner, the fine crushing screen includes a first fine crushing screen and a second fine crushing screen arranged outside the first fine crushing screen, and the aperture of the first fine crushing screen is larger than that of the second fine crushing screen.

[0020] As a further implementation manner, the fixed tool mechanism includes a fine crushing tool fixing disk and a fine crushing fixed tool, and the fine crushing tool fixing disk is fixedly connected to the fine crushing rotating shaft; a plurality of angled pin rods are arranged on the upper surface of the fine crushing tool fixing disk along the circumference, and a plurality of fine crushing fixed tools are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fine crushing tool fixing disk.

[0021] As a further implementation method, the moving knife mechanism includes an upper cover plate of the moving knife, a fine crushing moving knife, and a lower cover plate of the moving knife. The upper cover plate of the moving knife and the lower cover plate of the moving knife are sequentially installed on the fine crushing rotating shaft; a plurality of fine crushing moving knives are installed between the upper cover plate of the moving knife and the lower cover plate of the moving knife, and the fine crushing moving knife cooperates with the cylindrical protrusion on the lower cover plate of the moving knife.

[0022] As a further implementation method, the ultrafine pulverizing device includes an ultrafine pulverizing housing. A plurality of fine powder feeding channels are uniformly arranged on the ultrafine pulverizing housing in the circumferential direction. An air inlet pipe is arranged along the circumference below each fine powder feeding channel. A Laval nozzle is arranged in each air inlet pipe, and the air inlet end of the Laval nozzle is connected to an annular air bag.

[0023] As a further implementation method, an ultrafine pulverizing support base is installed at the bottom of the ultrafine pulverizing housing. The ultrafine pulverizing support base installs an ultrafine pulverizing rotating shaft, and a rotating target is installed outside the ultrafine pulverizing rotating shaft; the ultrafine pulverizing rotating shaft is connected to a third driving mechanism;

[0024] Several protrusions are provided on the surface of the rotating target.

[0025] As a further implementation method, the pneumatic classification device includes a classification device support housing. A negative pressure material guiding cavity is arranged inside the classification device support housing, and a ventilation pipe is connected to one side of the negative pressure material guiding cavity;

[0026] A fine crushing rotating shaft is installed in the negative pressure material guiding cavity, and the bottom of the fine crushing rotating shaft is connected to a classification wheel.

[0027] As a further implementation method, the classification wheel includes an upper cover plate of the classification wheel, classification blades, a lower cover plate of the classification wheel, and a diffusion cone. One end of the classification blade is connected to the upper cover plate of the classification wheel, and the other end is connected to the lower cover plate of the classification wheel. The diffusion cone is installed on the lower side of the lower cover plate of the classification wheel.

[0028] As a further implementation method, it further includes a cyclone separator, a pulse dust collector, and an induced draft fan. The cyclone separator, the pulse dust collector, and the induced draft fan are sequentially connected, and the cyclone separator is connected to one side of the fine pulverizer.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] (1) By setting a coarse pulverizer and a fine pulverizer, the pulverization of rhizome traditional Chinese medicine in the present invention is divided into three stages: coarse pulverization, fine pulverization, and ultrafine pulverization, giving full play to the advantages of different pulverization methods and improving the pulverization efficiency.

[0031] (2) The coarse pulverizer in the present invention performs coarse pulverization mainly with shear force according to the characteristics of rhizome traditional Chinese medicine. The coarse pulverization knife assembly is provided with multiple groups of blades and liners, so that the coarse pulverization rotor will perform multiple shearing and impacts on the traditional Chinese medicine every time it rotates one week, and the pulverization efficiency is high.

[0032] (3) The fine crusher of the present invention integrates fine crushing, ultrafine crushing, and classification, with a compact structure, greatly reducing the occupied area. A blanking channel is provided between the fine crushing device and the ultrafine crushing device, enabling the fine Chinese medicine powder crushed in the fine crushing device to quickly fall into the ultrafine crushing device under the action of gravity and negative pressure in the ultrafine crushing device through the blanking channel, avoiding a large amount of agglomeration of the fine Chinese medicine powder.

[0033] (4) In the fine crushing device of the present invention, a fixed knife mechanism and a moving knife mechanism are provided, which can strongly shear, grind, impact and collide with Chinese medicine particles, with high crushing efficiency. The setting of two layers of sieve meshes ensures that the particle size of the fine Chinese medicine powder can meet the feeding particle size requirements of pneumatic ultrafine crushing for Chinese medicine.

[0034] (5) The ultrafine crushing device of the present invention uses supersonic airflow to drive Chinese medicine to impact the rotating target, with strong crushing ability, enabling the fine Chinese medicine powder to be further crushed into broken-wall micro-powder of Chinese medicine. The design of the rotating target can better friction and shear Chinese medicine, and avoids the problem of serious wear of the target surface caused by traditional target-type airflow crushing only impacting one point of the fixed target. The ultrafine crushing device has multiple fine powder feeding channels, and a Laval nozzle is provided below each fine powder feeding channel, so that the fine Chinese medicine powder entering the ultrafine crushing device can start to accelerate at the potential core zone of the airflow ejected from the Laval nozzle, ensuring that the fine Chinese medicine powder impacts the rotating target with sufficient kinetic energy.

[0035] (6) The pneumatic classification device of the present invention can quickly classify the Chinese medicine micro-powder with qualified particle size, and the classification particle size is controllable. The classification wheel is provided with a diffusion cone, which can disperse the Chinese medicine micro-powder to more effectively classify Chinese medicine.

[0036] (7) The vulnerable parts (blades, liners, rotating targets, classification vanes) of the present invention are all detachably connected, facilitating their replacement, and wear-resistant materials are selected to prevent their excessive wear and resulting in pollution of Chinese medicine. Description of the Drawings

[0037] The specification drawings forming a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 1 is the general assembly drawing of the present invention according to one or more embodiments;

[0039] Figure 2 is the axonometric view of the coarse crusher of the present invention according to one or more embodiments;

[0040] Figure 3(a) is the axonometric view of the crushing part of the coarse crusher of the present invention according to one or more embodiments;

[0041] Figure 3(b) is the front view of the crushing part of the coarse crusher according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3(c) is the sectional view taken along the A-A interface in Figure 3(b);

[0043] Figure 3(d) is the exploded view of the crushing part of the coarse crusher according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4(a) is the front view of the coarse crushing rotor according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4(b) is the sectional view taken along the A-A interface in Figure 4(a);

[0046] Figure 5 is the exploded view of the coarse crushing knife assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 is the axonometric view of the fine crusher according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 is the side view of the fine crusher according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 is the sectional view of the main body of the fine crusher according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 9(a) is for Figure 8 the partial enlarged view at position a in

[0051] Figure 9(b) is for Figure 8 the partial enlarged view at position b in

[0052] Figure 9(c) is for Figure 8 the partial enlarged view at position c in

[0053] Figure 10 is the axonometric view of the fine crushing device of the fine crusher according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 11 is the internal axonometric view of the fine crushing device of the fine crusher according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 12 is the top view of the fine crushing housing according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 13 is the exploded view of the fine crushing rotor according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 14Is an axonometric partial sectional view of the ultrafine pulverization device of the fine pulverizer according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 15 Is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the Laval nozzle according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 16 Is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the Laval nozzle according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 17 Is a schematic diagram of the flow field distribution of the jet airflow of a single Laval nozzle according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 18 Is an axonometric partial sectional view of the pneumatic classification device of the fine pulverizer according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 19 Is an exploded view of the classification wheel according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 20 Is a schematic diagram of the force on the traditional Chinese medicine fine powder at the classification wheel according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0064] Wherein, Ⅰ is the feeding elevator, Ⅱ is the coarse pulverizer, Ⅲ is the screw feeder, Ⅳ is the fine pulverizer, Ⅴ is the cyclone separator, Ⅵ is the pulse dust collector, Ⅶ is the induced draft fan;

[0065] Ⅱ-1 is the coarse pulverization motor, Ⅱ-2 is the upper housing of the coarse pulverizer, Ⅱ-3 is the base of the coarse pulverizer, Ⅱ-4 is the support frame of the coarse pulverizer, Ⅱ-5 is the discharge hopper of the coarse pulverizer, Ⅱ-6 is the pedestal bearing, Ⅱ-7 is the large belt pulley of the coarse pulverizer, Ⅱ-8 is the small belt pulley of the coarse pulverizer, Ⅱ-9 is the rotor of the coarse pulverizer, Ⅱ-10 is the cutter assembly of the coarse pulverizer, Ⅱ-11 is the screen of the coarse pulverizer, Ⅱ-9-1 is the main shaft of the coarse pulverizer, Ⅱ-9-2 is the cutter mounting seat of the coarse pulverizer, Ⅱ-9-3 is the first cutter of the coarse pulverizer, Ⅱ-9-4 is the locking nut, Ⅱ-9-5 is the sleeve, Ⅱ-10-1 is the cutter mounting bracket of the coarse pulverizer, Ⅱ-10-2 is the lining plate of the coarse pulverizer, Ⅱ-10-3 is the second cutter of the coarse pulverizer;

[0066] Ⅳ-1 Fine grinding motor, Ⅳ-2 Fine grinding support frame, Ⅳ-3 Fine grinding device, Ⅳ-4 Pneumatic classification device, Ⅳ-5 Ultrafine grinding device, Ⅳ-6 Annular air bag, Ⅳ-7 Feeding channel, Ⅳ-8 Ultrafine grinding motor, Ⅳ-9 Pneumatic classification motor, Ⅳ-3-1 Fine grinding feed hopper, Ⅳ-3-2 Fine grinding pulley, Ⅳ-3-3 Fine grinding upper cover plate, Ⅳ-3-4 Upper bearing assembly, Ⅳ-3-5 Sealing cover, Ⅳ-3-6 Fine grinding housing, Ⅳ-3-7 Fine grinding rotor, Ⅳ-3-8 Fine grinding lining plate, Ⅳ-3-9 Fine grinding first screen, Ⅳ-3-10 Fine grinding second screen, Ⅳ-3-11 Lower bearing assembly, Ⅳ-4-1 Classification device support housing, Ⅳ-4-2 Classification pulley, Ⅳ-4-3 Classification bearing assembly, Ⅳ-4-4 Ventilation pipe, Ⅳ-4-5 Negative pressure feeding chamber, Ⅳ-4-6 Classification wheel, Ⅳ-5-1 Ultrafine grinding housing, Ⅳ-5-2 Laval nozzle, Ⅳ-5-3 Ultrafine grinding support base, Ⅳ-5-4 Rotating target, Ⅳ-5-5 Ultrafine grinding pulley, Ⅳ-5-6 Ultrafine grinding bearing assembly, Ⅳ-5-7 Ultrafine grinding rotating shaft;

[0067] Ⅳ-3-7-1 Fine grinding first sleeve, Ⅳ-3-7-2 Moving knife upper cover plate, Ⅳ-3-7-3 Fine grinding moving knife, Ⅳ-3-7-4 Moving knife lower cover plate, Ⅳ-3-7-5 Fine grinding second sleeve, Ⅳ-3-7-6 Fine grinding knife fixing disk, Ⅳ-3-7-7 Fine grinding stationary knife, Ⅳ-3-7-8 Fine grinding rotating shaft, Ⅳ-4-6-1 Classification wheel upper cover plate, Ⅳ-4-6-2 Classification blades, Ⅳ-4-6-3 Classification wheel lower cover plate, Ⅳ-4-6-4 Diffusion cone. Specific implementation mode

[0068] Example 1:

[0069] This example provides a rhizome Chinese medicine ultrafine grinding system, as Figure 1 shown, including a feeding elevator Ⅰ, a coarse grinder Ⅱ, a screw feeder Ⅲ, a fine grinder Ⅳ, a cyclone separator Ⅴ, a pulse dust collector Ⅵ and an induced draft fan Ⅶ. The feeding elevator Ⅰ is arranged on one side of the coarse grinder Ⅱ, and a screw feeder Ⅲ is arranged between the coarse grinder Ⅱ and the fine grinder Ⅳ. The cyclone separator Ⅴ, the pulse dust collector Ⅵ and the induced draft fan Ⅶ are sequentially arranged on one side of the fine grinder Ⅳ and are connected in sequence through pipelines.

[0070] The feeding elevator Ⅰ is used to convey the sliced or diced large-piece Chinese herbal medicines (hereinafter referred to as large-piece Chinese herbal medicines) after drying to the coarse crusher Ⅱ; the coarse crusher Ⅱ is used to coarsely crush the large-piece Chinese herbal medicines to obtain Chinese herbal medicine granules; the screw feeder Ⅲ is used to convey the coarsely crushed Chinese herbal medicine granules to the fine crusher Ⅳ; the fine crusher Ⅳ is used to finely crush and ultrafinely crush the coarsely crushed rhizome Chinese herbal medicine granules to obtain Chinese herbal medicine micropowder, and pneumatically classify the Chinese herbal medicine micropowder, and timely separate the Chinese herbal medicine micropowder that meets the fineness requirements; the cyclone separator Ⅴ is used to collect the Chinese herbal medicine micropowder that has met the fineness requirements separated from the fine crusher Ⅳ; the pulse dust collector Ⅵ is used to collect again the very small part of the Chinese herbal medicine micropowder flowing out of the cyclone separator and prevent air pollution; the induced draft fan Ⅶ is connected to the pulse dust collector Ⅵ and is used to provide the negative pressure suction required during the classification and collection process.

[0071] Both the cyclone separator Ⅴ and the pulse dust collector Ⅵ adopt existing technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0072] As Figure 2 As shown, the coarse crusher Ⅱ includes a coarse crushing support frame Ⅱ-4, a coarse crushing upper housing Ⅱ-2, a coarse crushing base Ⅱ-3, a coarse crushing rotor Ⅱ-9, a rotor drive mechanism, etc. The upper side of the coarse crushing support frame Ⅱ-4 is fixed with the coarse crushing base Ⅱ-3 by bolts. The upper side of the coarse crushing base Ⅱ-3 is connected with the coarse crushing upper housing Ⅱ-2. An installation space for the coarse crushing rotor Ⅱ-9 is formed inside the coarse crushing base Ⅱ-3 and the coarse crushing upper housing Ⅱ-2. A coarse crushing discharge hopper Ⅱ-5 is installed at the bottom of the coarse crushing base Ⅱ-3, and a feed inlet is provided at the top of the coarse crushing upper housing Ⅱ-2.

[0073] In this embodiment, the rotor drive mechanism adopts a belt drive mechanism, and the belt drive mechanism and the coarse crushing motor Ⅱ-1 constitute the first drive mechanism. The belt drive mechanism includes a coarse crushing large belt pulley Ⅱ-7 and a coarse crushing small belt pulley Ⅱ-8. The coarse crushing large belt pulley Ⅱ-7 is connected to the coarse crushing rotor Ⅱ-9. The coarse crushing large belt pulley Ⅱ-7 and the coarse crushing small belt pulley Ⅱ-8 are connected by a synchronous belt. The coarse crushing small belt pulley Ⅱ-8 is installed on the motor shaft of the coarse crushing motor Ⅱ-1. The coarse crushing motor Ⅱ-1 is fixed on the coarse crushing support frame Ⅱ-4. By driving the coarse crushing small belt pulley Ⅱ-8 to rotate by the coarse crushing motor Ⅱ-1, the coarse crushing large belt pulley Ⅱ-7 drives the coarse crushing rotor Ⅱ-9 to rotate.

[0074] As shown in FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b), bosses are provided at both ends of the coarse crushing base II-3, and pedestal bearings II-6 are fixed to the bosses by bolts. Both ends of the coarse crushing rotor II-9 are respectively connected to the pedestal bearings II-6. As shown in FIGS. 3(c) and 3(d), a coarse crushing cutter assembly II-10 and a coarse crushing screen II-11 are installed outside the coarse crushing rotor II-9. The cross-section of the coarse crushing screen II-11 is arc-shaped and protrudes downward; the axial direction of the coarse crushing screen II-11 is consistent with the axial direction of the coarse crushing rotor II-9.

[0075] Protrusions are symmetrically provided on the inner wall of the coarse crushing base II-3. The coarse crushing screen II-11 is connected between the protrusions by bolts. The coarse crushing screen II-11 is located below the coarse crushing rotor II-9 and has a certain distance from the coarse crushing rotor II-9. A coarse crushing cutter assembly II-10 is also connected between the two protrusions. The coarse crushing cutter assembly II-10 is connected to the inner wall of the coarse crushing base II-3 by bolts, and the cross-section of the coarse crushing cutter assembly II-10 is of a semi-surrounding structure.

[0076] As Figure 5 shown, the coarse crushing cutter assembly II-10 includes a coarse crushing cutter mounting frame II-10-1, a coarse crushing lining plate II-10-2, and a coarse crushing second cutter blade II-10-3. Coarse crushing lining plates II-10-2 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the coarse crushing cutter mounting frame II-10-1. The top and bottom of the coarse crushing cutter mounting frame II-10-1 are of an open structure, and the opening range at the bottom is larger than that at the top.

[0077] A number of coarse crushing second cutter blades II-10-3, such as one, two or more, are symmetrically installed inside the coarse crushing cutter mounting frame II-10-1, and the number is set according to actual conditions. The coarse crushing second cutter blade II-10-3 in this embodiment is a rectangular cutter blade, and its length direction extends along the axial direction of the coarse crushing rotor II-9. The coarse crushing second cutter blade II-10-3 protrudes from the inner side of the coarse crushing lining plate II-10-2 to cooperate with the coarse crushing rotor II-9 to crush the rhizome traditional Chinese medicine.

[0078] As shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b), the coarse crushing rotor II-9 includes a coarse crushing main shaft II-9-1, a coarse crushing cutter mounting seat II-9-2, and a coarse crushing first cutter blade II-9-3. The coarse crushing cutter mounting seat II-9-2 is installed on the coarse crushing main shaft II-9-1 through a coarse crushing sleeve II-9-5. The coarse crushing sleeve II-9-5 is coaxially arranged with the coarse crushing main shaft II-9-1 and is connected by a coarse crushing locking nut II-9-4; the coarse crushing first cutter blade II-9-3 is installed on the coarse crushing cutter mounting seat II-9-2.

[0079] As shown in FIGS. 3(c) and 3(d), a plurality of coarse crushing knife mounts II-9-2 are axially spaced along the coarse crushing main shaft II-9-1, for example, three. A plurality of mounting portions are circumferentially and evenly arranged on the coarse crushing knife mount II-9-2, and the mounting portions corresponding to each coarse crushing knife mount II-9-2 are connected to the first coarse crushing blade II-9-3. The coarse crushing knife mount II-9-2 of this embodiment forms a structure similar to a blade through the mounting portions.

[0080] The first coarse crushing blades II-9-3 are circumferentially spaced around the coarse crushing main shaft II-9-1. The first coarse crushing blades II-9-3 are at an acute angle to the radial direction of the installation position, and the working surfaces (cutting surfaces) of the blades are distributed counterclockwise, so as to cut the rhizome traditional Chinese medicine by rotating around the coarse crushing main shaft II-9-1.

[0081] In this embodiment, three mounting portions are circumferentially arranged on the coarse crushing knife mount II-9-2. One side of the mounting portion is a mounting surface, and the first coarse crushing blade II-9-3 is attached to the mounting surface. Three first coarse crushing blades II-9-3 are installed through the coarse crushing knife mount II-9-2.

[0082] The upper coarse crushing housing II-2 is provided with a feed inlet. The large pieces of traditional Chinese medicine transported by the feeding elevator I fall into the interior of the coarse crushing base II-3 through the feed inlet of the upper coarse crushing housing II-2. The coarse crushing motor II-1 drives the coarse crushing rotor II-9 to rotate through a synchronous belt, and the first coarse crushing blade II-9-3 also moves accordingly. When the first coarse crushing blade II-9-3 moves to the position where the second coarse crushing blade II-10-3 is located, the first coarse crushing blade II-9-3 and the second coarse crushing blade II-10-3 cooperate to strongly shear the large pieces of traditional Chinese medicine. Moreover, the coarse crushing rotor II-9 will provide a large amount of kinetic energy to the traditional Chinese medicine during the rotation process, so that the large pieces of traditional Chinese medicine will have a strong collision impact with the coarse crushing lining plate II-10-2. The large pieces of traditional Chinese medicine are continuously crushed into traditional Chinese medicine particles under the action of the shearing force and the impact force. When the particle size of the traditional Chinese medicine particles is smaller than the mesh diameter of the coarse crushing screen II-11, they can pass through the coarse crushing screen II-11, be discharged through the coarse crushing discharge hopper II-5 and transported to the fine crusher IV by the screw conveyor III for further crushing. Since the crushing ratio during coarse crushing should not be too large, otherwise the energy consumption will increase sharply, the mesh diameter of the coarse crushing screen II-11 in this embodiment is set between 1-3 cm.

[0083] As Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown in the figure, the fine pulverizer Ⅳ includes a fine pulverization support frame Ⅳ-2 and a fine pulverizer main body installed on the fine pulverization support frame Ⅳ-2. The fine pulverizer main body includes a fine pulverization device Ⅳ-3, an ultrafine pulverization device Ⅳ-5, a pneumatic classification device Ⅳ-4, an annular air bag Ⅳ-6, and a blanking channel Ⅳ-7. The ultrafine pulverization device Ⅳ-5 is fixed to the fine pulverization support frame Ⅳ-2, and the top of the ultrafine pulverization device Ⅳ-5 is connected to the fine pulverization device Ⅳ-3 through the pneumatic classification device Ⅳ-4. One side of the fine pulverization device Ⅳ-3 is connected to the blanking channel Ⅳ-7, and the annular air bag Ⅳ-6 is circumferentially arranged around the ultrafine pulverization device Ⅳ-5.

[0084] As Figures 10 - 13 shown, the fine pulverization device Ⅳ-3 includes a fine pulverization housing Ⅳ-3-6. The top of the fine pulverization housing Ⅳ-3-6 is connected to the fine pulverization upper cover Ⅳ-3-3 by bolts. The fine pulverization upper cover Ⅳ-3-3 is provided with a cleaning port and a fine pulverization feed port. The cleaning ports correspond to the outside of the fine pulverization screen and are arranged at intervals along the edge of the fine pulverization upper cover Ⅳ-3-3, for example, three are provided. A fine pulverization feed hopper Ⅳ-3-1 is installed at the fine pulverization feed port. The cleaning port is detachably connected to a sealing cover Ⅳ-3-5. The sealing cover Ⅳ-3-5 is used for sealing during pulverization to prevent Chinese medicine particles from flying out of the cleaning port, and can be opened to facilitate the cleaning and replacement of the fine pulverization screen below the cleaning port, and can also clean the inside of the fine pulverization housing Ⅳ-3-6 and the blanking channel Ⅳ-7.

[0085] The fine pulverization housing Ⅳ-3-6 is cylindrical and has an installation cavity inside. The installation cavity is divided into an inner and an outer layer. A plurality of grooves are spacedly opened on the side wall of the inner cavity. The fine pulverization screen is installed in the grooves. The inner wall of the inner cavity is connected to a fine pulverization lining plate Ⅳ-3-8 by bolts, so that the fine pulverization lining plate Ⅳ-3-8 and the fine pulverization screen are arranged at intervals. The fine pulverization lining plate Ⅳ-3-8 is made of a wear-resistant material (such as corundum or carbide) and has serrated protrusions on its surface. In this embodiment, three grooves are provided, and the side wall of the inner cavity is equally divided into three parts by the three grooves.

[0086] Among them, the fine crushing screen is provided with two layers, namely the first fine crushing screen Ⅳ-3-9 and the second fine crushing screen Ⅳ-3-10. The first fine crushing screen Ⅳ-3-9 and the second fine crushing screen Ⅳ-3-10 are inserted into the grooves. Each groove corresponds to a cleaning port, and the outer cavity is divided into three arc-shaped regions through the cleaning port. The first fine crushing screen Ⅳ-3-9 is closely attached to the inner side of the second fine crushing screen Ⅳ-3-10, and the aperture of the first fine crushing screen Ⅳ-3-9 is larger than that of the second fine crushing screen Ⅳ-3-10. Since the cost will increase as the aperture of the screen becomes smaller and the screen holes are more likely to be damaged, the first fine crushing screen Ⅳ-3-9 can protect the second fine crushing screen Ⅳ-3-10, and the second fine crushing screen Ⅳ-3-10 plays a role in controlling the particle size. Combining with the requirements of air-flow crushing for particle size, in this embodiment, the screen aperture of the first fine crushing screen Ⅳ-3-9 is set between 2-5 mm, and the screen aperture of the second fine crushing screen Ⅳ-3-10 is set below 2 mm.

[0087] Three fine powder discharge channels are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction below the fine crushing housing Ⅳ-3-6. The fine powder discharge channels correspond to the cleaning ports one by one, and the bottom ends of the fine powder discharge channels are connected to the blanking channel Ⅳ-7 through bolts.

[0088] The fine crushing rotor Ⅳ-3-7 is installed at the center of the fine crushing housing Ⅳ-3-6, and the axial direction of the fine crushing rotor Ⅳ-3-7 is set vertically; the top end of the fine crushing rotor Ⅳ-3-7 is connected to the fine crushing motor Ⅳ-1 through a belt drive mechanism, and the fine crushing motor Ⅳ-1 and the belt drive mechanism constitute the second driving mechanism; the fine crushing rotor Ⅳ-3-7 is driven to rotate by the fine crushing motor Ⅳ-1. The belt drive mechanism is located outside the upper cover Ⅳ-3-3 of the fine crushing, and the fine crushing motor Ⅳ-1 is fixed to the fine and micro crushing support frame Ⅳ-2.

[0089] As Figure 8 、Figure 9(a) and Figure 13 shown, the fine crushing rotor Ⅳ-3-7 includes a fine crushing rotating shaft Ⅳ-3-7-8 and a fixed knife mechanism and a moving knife mechanism connected to the fine crushing rotating shaft Ⅳ-3-7-8. The top end of the fine crushing rotating shaft Ⅳ-3-7-8 is connected to the upper bearing assembly Ⅳ-3-4, and the bottom end of the fine crushing rotating shaft Ⅳ-3-7-8 is connected to the lower bearing assembly Ⅳ-3-11. And the fine crushing rotating shaft Ⅳ-3-7-8 is connected to the fine crushing belt pulley Ⅳ-3-2 through a key.

[0090] The fixed knife mechanism includes a fine crushing knife fixing disk Ⅳ-3-7-6 and a fine crushing fixed knife Ⅳ-3-7-7. The fine crushing knife fixing disk Ⅳ-3-7-6 is fixedly connected to the fine crushing rotating shaft Ⅳ-3-7-8. The fine crushing knife fixing disk Ⅳ-3-7-6 is axially fixed to the shoulder of the fine crushing rotating shaft Ⅳ-3-7-8 through the second fine crushing sleeve Ⅳ-3-7-5 and is circumferentially fixed through a key. As Figure 11As shown in the figure, a plurality of angled pin rods are arranged in a circle along the position near the edge of the upper surface of the fine crushing knife fixing disk Ⅳ-3-7-6, and the pin rods are perpendicular to the fine crushing knife fixing disk Ⅳ-3-7-6; the fine crushing fixed knife Ⅳ-3-7-7 is connected to the fine crushing knife fixing disk Ⅳ-3-7-6 through bolts, and a plurality of fine crushing fixed knives Ⅳ-3-7-7 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the fine crushing knife fixing disk Ⅳ-3-7-6.

[0091] The moving knife mechanism includes a moving knife upper cover plate Ⅳ-3-7-2, a fine crushing moving knife Ⅳ-3-7-3 and a moving knife lower cover plate Ⅳ-3-7-4. The moving knife upper cover plate Ⅳ-3-7-2 and the moving knife lower cover plate Ⅳ-3-7-4 are successively installed on the fine crushing rotating shaft Ⅳ-3-7-8, and there is a certain distance between the two for installing the fine crushing moving knife Ⅳ-3-7-3. A plurality of cylindrical protrusions are arranged in a circle along the position near the edge of the upper surface of the moving knife lower cover plate Ⅳ-3-7-4, and circular grooves corresponding to the cylindrical protrusions one by one are arranged in a circle on the moving knife upper cover plate Ⅳ-3-7-2. One end of the fine crushing moving knife Ⅳ-3-7-3 is a hollow cylinder, and the hollow cylinder is sleeved on the cylindrical protrusion; the axial limit of the fine crushing moving knife Ⅳ-3-7-3 is realized through the moving knife upper cover plate Ⅳ-3-7-2 and the moving knife lower cover plate Ⅳ-3-7-4, so that it can rotate with the fine crushing rotating shaft Ⅳ-3-7-8. The moving knife mechanism is axially fixed through the fine crushing second sleeve Ⅳ-3-7-5, the fine crushing first sleeve Ⅳ-3-7-1 and the set screw, and is circumferentially fixed through the key.

[0092] The coarsely crushed traditional Chinese medicine particles are transported by spiral feeding and fall from the fine crushing feed hopper Ⅳ-3-1 into the interior of the fine crushing housing Ⅳ-3-6. The fine crushing motor Ⅳ-1 drives the fine crushing rotor Ⅳ-3-7 to rotate through the synchronous belt. The fine crushing moving knife Ⅳ-3-7-3 first strongly shears and splits the traditional Chinese medicine particles and gives the traditional Chinese medicine particles a large kinetic energy, so that the traditional Chinese medicine particles collide with the pin rods arranged in a circle on the fine crushing knife fixing disk Ⅳ-3-7-6; then the traditional Chinese medicine particles are thrown towards the fine crushing lining plate Ⅳ-3-8 under the action of centrifugal force, and cooperate with the fine crushing fixed knife Ⅳ-3-7-7 to fully grind and shear the traditional Chinese medicine particles, so that the particle size of the traditional Chinese medicine particles gradually becomes smaller and is crushed into fine traditional Chinese medicine powder. When the particle size of the fine traditional Chinese medicine powder is smaller than the screen aperture of the fine crushing second screen Ⅳ-3-10, it can pass through the fine crushing screen and flow out through the fine crushing blanking channel Ⅳ-7, and fall into the ultrafine crushing housing Ⅳ-5-1 of the ultrafine crushing device Ⅳ-5 through the blanking channel Ⅳ-7 for ultrafine crushing. Since both the fine crushing moving knife Ⅳ-3-7-3 and the fine crushing fixed knife Ⅳ-3-7-7 are detachably connected, it is convenient to replace the knives when the knives are worn.

[0093] As Figure 8 Figure 9(c), Figure 14 and Figure 15As shown in the figure, the ultrafine pulverization device Ⅳ-5 includes an ultrafine pulverization housing Ⅳ-5-1. A plurality of fine powder feeding channels are uniformly arranged on the ultrafine pulverization housing Ⅳ-5-1 in the circumferential direction. The fine powder feeding channels are connected to the blanking channel Ⅳ-7 by bolts; below each fine powder feeding channel, air inlet pipes are arranged along the circumference. The central axes of the air inlet pipes are located on the same horizontal plane. A Laval nozzle Ⅳ-5-2 is arranged in each air inlet pipe. The Laval nozzle Ⅳ-5-2 is connected to the air inlet pipe by bolts, and the air inlet end of the Laval nozzle Ⅳ-5-2 is connected to the annular air bag Ⅳ-6. The central axes of the Laval nozzles Ⅳ-5-2 are also on the same horizontal plane and converge at a central point. In this embodiment, three Laval nozzles Ⅳ-5-2 are arranged, and the included angle between their axes is 120°.

[0094] An ultrafine pulverization support base Ⅳ-5-3 is installed at the bottom of the ultrafine pulverization housing Ⅳ-5-1. An ultrafine pulverization bearing assembly Ⅳ-5-6 is connected by bolts at the central position of the ultrafine pulverization support base Ⅳ-5-3. The ultrafine pulverization bearing assembly Ⅳ-5-6 is connected to the ultrafine pulverization rotating shaft Ⅳ-5-7. The ultrafine pulverization rotating shaft Ⅳ-5-7 is coaxially arranged with the ultrafine pulverization housing Ⅳ-5-1.

[0095] A rotating target Ⅳ-5-4 is fixed on the ultrafine pulverization rotating shaft Ⅳ-5-7. The rotating target Ⅳ-5-4 is made of wear-resistant materials (corundum or carbide). The rotating target Ⅳ-5-4 is of a cylindrical structure, and several protrusions are provided on the surface of the rotating target Ⅳ-5-4. During the rotation of the rotating target Ⅳ-5-4, the traditional Chinese medicine fine powder can be fully sheared and rubbed. Since the rotating target Ⅳ-5-4 rotates continuously, the problem of serious wear of the target body caused by only impacting a single point of the fixed target in the traditional target type air flow pulverization is avoided. And the connection between the rotating target Ⅳ-5-4 and the ultrafine pulverization rotating shaft Ⅳ-5-7 is detachable, which is convenient for replacing the rotating target Ⅳ-5-4.

[0096] The lower end of the ultrafine pulverization rotating shaft Ⅳ-5-7 is connected to the ultrafine pulverization belt pulley Ⅳ-5-5 by a key. The ultrafine pulverization belt pulley Ⅳ-5-5 is connected to the belt pulley on the motor shaft of the ultrafine pulverization motor Ⅳ-8 through a synchronous belt; the ultrafine pulverization motor Ⅳ-8 and the corresponding belt pulley drive mechanism form a third drive mechanism. The ultrafine pulverization motor Ⅳ-8 drives the ultrafine pulverization rotating shaft Ⅳ-5-7 to rotate through the synchronous belt, and the rotating target Ⅳ-5-4 also rotates accordingly. The traditional Chinese medicine fine powder after fine pulverization enters the interior of the ultrafine pulverization housing Ⅳ-5-1 through the fine powder feeding channels provided on the ultrafine pulverization housing Ⅳ-5-1. The air flow ejected by the plurality of Laval nozzles Ⅳ-5-2 makes the traditional Chinese medicine fine powder in a fluidized state inside the ultrafine pulverization housing Ⅳ-5-1. The air flow carries the traditional Chinese medicine fine powder to move at a high speed, so that the traditional Chinese medicine fine powder collides, shears and rubs with each other and with the rotating target for multiple times, further pulverizing the traditional Chinese medicine fine powder into traditional Chinese medicine micropowder.

[0097] AsFigure 16 and Figure 17 As shown in Figure 17 , the inside of the Laval nozzle Ⅳ-5-2 is in a converging-diverging shape and can be divided into a converging section, a throat, and a diverging section. An air compressor (not shown in the figure) delivers high-pressure air flow to the air inlet of the Laval nozzle Ⅳ-5-2 through the annular air bag Ⅳ-6. Following the principle that the flow velocity increases when the cross-sectional area of the fluid decreases during movement in the pipe, the cross-sectional area of the air flow gradually decreases when flowing through the converging section, and the gas flow velocity also gradually increases. When reaching the throat, the flow velocity of the gas can reach the speed of sound. After the air flow reaches the speed of sound, the movement of the fluid no longer follows the principle that the flow velocity increases when the cross-sectional area decreases, but instead, the flow velocity will increase when the cross-sectional area increases. Therefore, the flow velocity of the gas will further increase when passing through the diverging section, forming a supersonic air flow, so that the air flow ejected from the air outlet has great kinetic energy.

[0098] The gas flow field ejected from a single Laval nozzle Ⅳ-5-2 can be divided into three parts, namely, the potential core zone near the nozzle, the transition zone adjacent to the potential core zone, and the uniform velocity zone at the end. Among them, the potential core zone is the part with the greatest kinetic energy in the ejected air flow. The kinetic energy of the air flow in the transition zone and the uniform velocity zone is significantly lower than that in the potential core zone, and the kinetic energy of the air flow in the uniform velocity zone is the smallest. In this embodiment, each fine powder feeding channel is arranged above the outlet of the corresponding Laval nozzle Ⅳ-5-2, so that the Chinese medicine fine powder entering the inside of the ultrafine grinding housing Ⅳ-5-1 can be accelerated in the potential core zone, thus ensuring that the Chinese medicine fine powder impacts the rotating target Ⅳ-5-4 with sufficient kinetic energy.

[0099] Referring to Figure 8 Figure 9(b), Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown in Figure 18 and Figure 19 , the pneumatic classification device Ⅳ-4 includes a classification device support housing Ⅳ-4-1. The top of the classification device support housing Ⅳ-4-1 is connected to the fine grinding housing Ⅳ-3-6 by bolts, and the bottom is connected to the ultrafine grinding housing Ⅳ-5-1 by bolts. A negative pressure material guiding cavity Ⅳ-4-5 is arranged inside the classification device support housing Ⅳ-4-1, and one side of the negative pressure material guiding cavity Ⅳ-4-5 is connected to the ventilation pipe Ⅳ-4-4 by bolts.

[0100] A classification bearing assembly Ⅳ-4-3 is installed at the top of the negative pressure material guiding cavity Ⅳ-4-5. The fine grinding rotating shaft Ⅳ-3-7-8 is connected to the classification bearing assembly Ⅳ-4-3. The top end of the fine grinding rotating shaft Ⅳ-3-7-8 is connected to the classification belt pulley Ⅳ-4-2 by a key, and the bottom end is connected to the classification wheel Ⅳ-4-6 by a key and a locking nut.

[0101] As Figure 19As shown in the figure, the classification wheel Ⅳ-4-6 includes an upper cover plate Ⅳ-4-6-1 of the classification wheel, classification blades Ⅳ-4-6-2, a lower cover plate Ⅳ-4-6-3 of the classification wheel, and a diffusion cone Ⅳ-4-6-4. Protrusions are provided at both ends of the classification blades Ⅳ-4-6-2. Corresponding grooves are provided on the upper cover plate Ⅳ-4-6-1 and the lower cover plate Ⅳ-4-6-3 of the classification wheel, so that the classification blades Ⅳ-4-6-2 can be fitted with the upper cover plate Ⅳ-4-6-1 and the lower cover plate Ⅳ-4-6-3 of the classification wheel. The lower cover plate Ⅳ-4-6-3 of the classification wheel is connected to the diffusion cone Ⅳ-4-6-4 by screws.

[0102] The classification blades Ⅳ-4-6-2 can be made of wear-resistant materials (corundum or carbide), and the classification blades Ⅳ-4-6-2 are detachably connected for easy replacement. When the classification wheel Ⅳ-4-6 classifies traditional Chinese medicine fine powder, the classification blades Ⅳ-4-6-2 will be impacted by the fine powder.

[0103] The classification wheel Ⅳ-4-6 rotates under the action of the belt drive mechanism driven by the pneumatic classification motor Ⅳ-9. Under the action of the induced draft fan Ⅶ, the gas inside the ultrafine grinding device is continuously sucked away through the negative pressure feeding chamber Ⅳ-4-5 and the ventilation pipe Ⅳ-4-4, so that a negative pressure is formed inside the ultrafine grinding device. The traditional Chinese medicine fine powder in the ultrafine grinding device rises with the air flow to the classification wheel Ⅳ-4-6. At this time, the traditional Chinese medicine fine powder is subjected to both the centripetal force generated by the induced draft fan Ⅶ and the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the classification wheel Ⅳ-4-6. The coarser traditional Chinese medicine fine powder is subjected to a centrifugal force greater than the centripetal force, so it is thrown towards the inner wall of the ultrafine grinding housing Ⅳ-5-1 and falls along the inner wall under the action of gravity for further grinding. The finer traditional Chinese medicine fine powder is subjected to a centripetal force greater than the centrifugal force, so it can pass through the gaps of the classification blades Ⅳ-4-6-2 and enter the cyclone separator Ⅴ and the pulse dust collector Ⅴ through the negative pressure feeding chamber Ⅳ-4-5 and the ventilation pipe Ⅳ-4-4 to be collected.

[0104] As Figure 20 shown, when the traditional Chinese medicine fine powder reaches below the classification wheel Ⅳ-4-6 with the rising air flow, the diffusion cone Ⅳ-4-6-4 rotates at a high speed, which can evenly disperse the rising fine powder. When the dispersed traditional Chinese medicine fine powder continues to rise to the outer edge of a certain cross-section of the classification blades Ⅳ-4-6-2, it is subjected to the centripetal force R generated by the induced draft fan Ⅶ and the centrifugal force F generated by the high-speed rotation of the classification wheel Ⅳ-4-6. Let the diameter of the fine powder be d, the density be ρ s , the tangential velocity of the rotating flow of the classification wheel be V t , the radius of the classification wheel be r, and the density of the gas be ρ. Then the centrifugal force received by the fine powder:

[0105]

[0106] Assume that the radial velocity of the fine powder at the classification wheel is the same as the radial velocity V of the swirling flow of the classification wheelr If they are equal and μ is the air viscosity, the centripetal force acting on the particle is:

[0107] R = 3πηV r d (2)

[0108] When the fine powder is coarser, F > R, and the fine powder is thrown towards the inner wall of the ultrafine grinding housing Ⅳ-5-1 and falls along the inner wall under the action of gravity for further grinding. When the fine powder is ground to meet the particle size requirements, F < R, and the qualified traditional Chinese medicine fine powder can pass through the gap of the classification blade Ⅳ-4-6-2 and enter the cyclone separator Ⅴ and the pulse dust collector Ⅴ through the negative pressure feeding chamber Ⅳ-4- and the ventilation pipe Ⅳ-4-4 for collection. When the centrifugal force and the centripetal force acting on the fine powder are equal, i.e., F = R, theoretically the fine powder will rotate continuously around the classification circular orbit with a radius of r, and the particle size of the fine powder at this time is called the critical particle size D t , From equations (1) and (2), we can obtain:

[0109]

[0110] Equation (3) is applicable to spherical fine powder. For non-spherical fine powder, a shape correction coefficient P needs to be introduced s , and thus we can obtain:

[0111]

[0112] It can be seen from equation (4) that to obtain fine powder with a smaller particle size, the critical particle size D needs to be reduced t , and under the conditions that the size and structure of the classification wheel are determined and the viscosity and density of the air remain unchanged, the tangential velocity V of the rotational flow of the classification wheel t is larger, and the critical particle size D t is smaller. Thus, it can be obtained that by controlling the rotational speed of the classification wheel, the particle size of the traditional Chinese medicine fine powder can be separated. The higher the rotational speed of the classification wheel, the smaller the particle size of the separated traditional Chinese medicine fine powder.

[0113] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome Chinese medicine, characterized in that, it includes a coarse pulverizer and a fine pulverizer. A feeding elevator is arranged on one side of the coarse pulverizer, and a screw feeder is arranged between the coarse pulverizer and the fine pulverizer; The coarse pulverizer includes a coarse pulverization base and a coarse pulverization upper housing. An installation space for a coarse pulverization rotor is formed inside the coarse pulverization base and the coarse pulverization upper housing. The coarse pulverization rotor is arranged in a coarse pulverization cutter assembly body, and a coarse pulverization screen is arranged below the coarse pulverization rotor; the coarse pulverization rotor is connected to a first driving mechanism; The fine pulverizer includes a fine pulverization device, a pneumatic classification device and an ultrafine pulverization device arranged in sequence from top to bottom. An annular air bag is arranged outside the ultrafine pulverization device, and the fine pulverization device and the ultrafine pulverization device are communicated through a plurality of feeding channels; The fine pulverization device includes a fine pulverization housing and a fine pulverization upper cover plate installed on the top of the fine pulverization housing. A fine pulverization rotor is installed inside the fine pulverization housing, and the fine pulverization rotor is connected to a second driving mechanism; the fine pulverization rotor includes a fine pulverization rotating shaft and a fixed cutter mechanism and a moving cutter mechanism connected to the fine pulverization rotating shaft; The fine pulverization housing is of a double-layer structure. Grooves are arranged at intervals on the inner side wall of the fine pulverization housing, and a fine pulverization screen is arranged in the grooves. A fine pulverization lining plate is arranged inside the fine pulverization housing; A cleaning port is arranged on the outer layer structure of the fine pulverization housing corresponding to the fine pulverization screen, and the cleaning port is communicated with the feeding channel; The fixed cutter mechanism includes a fine pulverization cutter fixing disc and a fine pulverization fixed cutter. The fine pulverization cutter fixing disc is fixedly connected to the fine pulverization rotating shaft; a plurality of angled pin rods are arranged along the circumference on the upper surface of the fine pulverization cutter fixing disc, and a plurality of fine pulverization fixed cutters are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fine pulverization cutter fixing disc; the moving cutter mechanism includes a moving cutter upper cover plate, a fine pulverization moving cutter and a moving cutter lower cover plate. The moving cutter upper cover plate and the moving cutter lower cover plate are sequentially installed on the fine pulverization rotating shaft; a plurality of fine pulverization moving cutters are installed between the moving cutter upper cover plate and the moving cutter lower cover plate, and the fine pulverization moving cutter is matched with the cylindrical protrusion on the moving cutter lower cover plate.

2. An ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that, the coarse pulverization rotor includes a coarse pulverization main shaft, and a plurality of coarse pulverization first blades are installed on the coarse pulverization main shaft through a coarse pulverization cutter mounting seat; The coarse pulverization cutter assembly body symmetrically installs coarse pulverization second blades on one side facing the coarse pulverization rotor.

3. An ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome Chinese medicine according to claim 2, characterized in that, a plurality of the coarse pulverization cutter mounting seats are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the coarse pulverization main shaft, a plurality of mounting parts are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the coarse pulverization cutter mounting seat, and the mounting parts corresponding to each coarse pulverization cutter mounting seat are connected to the coarse pulverization first blade.

4. An ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome Chinese medicine according to claim 2, characterized in that, the coarse pulverization cutter assembly body includes a coarse pulverization cutter mounting frame, coarse pulverization lining plates are detachably installed on both sides of the coarse pulverization cutter mounting frame, a coarse pulverization second blade is installed inside the coarse pulverization cutter mounting frame, and the coarse pulverization second blade extends along the axial direction of the coarse pulverization main shaft.

5. An ultrafine pulverization system for rhizome Chinese medicine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The rough crushing knife assembly is in a semi-surrounding structure, and its two ends abut against the protrusions on the inner wall of the rough crushing base; the rough crushing screen is detachably connected to the protrusions.

6. The ultrafine crushing system for rhizome traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, wherein, the fine crushing screen includes a first fine crushing screen and a second fine crushing screen arranged outside the first fine crushing screen, and the aperture of the first fine crushing screen is larger than that of the second fine crushing screen.

7. The ultrafine crushing system for rhizome traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, wherein, the ultrafine crushing device includes an ultrafine crushing housing, and a plurality of fine powder feeding channels are uniformly arranged on the ultrafine crushing housing in the circumferential direction. An air inlet pipe is arranged along the circumference below each fine powder feeding channel, and a Laval nozzle is arranged in each air inlet pipe. The air inlet end of the Laval nozzle is connected to an annular air bag.

8. The ultrafine crushing system for rhizome traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 7, wherein, a ultrafine crushing support base is installed at the bottom of the ultrafine crushing housing, a ultrafine crushing rotating shaft is installed on the ultrafine crushing support base, and a rotating target is installed outside the ultrafine crushing rotating shaft; the ultrafine crushing rotating shaft is connected to a third driving mechanism; a number of protrusions are provided on the surface of the rotating target.

9. The ultrafine crushing system for rhizome traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, wherein, the pneumatic classification device includes a classification device support housing, a negative pressure feeding cavity is arranged inside the classification device support housing, and a ventilation pipe is connected to one side of the negative pressure feeding cavity; a fine crushing rotating shaft is installed in the negative pressure feeding cavity, and the bottom of the fine crushing rotating shaft is connected to a classification wheel.

10. The ultrafine crushing system for rhizome traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 9, wherein, the classification wheel includes a classification wheel upper cover plate, classification blades, a classification wheel lower cover plate and a diffusion cone. One end of the classification blades is connected to the classification wheel upper cover plate, and the other end is connected to the classification wheel lower cover plate. The diffusion cone is installed on the lower side of the classification wheel lower cover plate.

11. The ultrafine crushing system for rhizome traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, wherein, it further includes a cyclone separator, a pulse dust collector and an induced draft fan. The cyclone separator, the pulse dust collector and the induced draft fan are connected in sequence, and the cyclone separator is connected to one side of the fine crusher.

Images