Gravity self-centering type tight mouth device for small and medium caliber cannonball

Abstract

The application discloses a small and medium caliber shell gravity self-centering type tight mouth device, which is characterized in that: the tight mouth mechanism is loaded from the top of the device in a reverse mounting mode by means of shell contour guidance and self-weight centering; after the shell is loaded into the tight mouth mechanism, the shell is radially aligned and centered by means of its self-weight, and the shell is axially positioned by a shell belt; the device is free of pneumatic and electric positioning mechanisms, and the stroke of a servo cylinder is all force stroke, so that the device size is greatly reduced, and the structure is simple and reliable. The device successfully solves the compatibility of tight mouth devices for various types of shells, has the advantages of high centering precision, no damage to the shell surface, small tight mouth device size, short tight mouth servo cylinder stroke, easy adjustment, fast production rhythm, low cost and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of artillery shell assembly technology, and in particular to a gravity self-aligning tightening device for small and medium caliber artillery shells that can improve the coaxiality between the shell and the tightening mold, eliminate the gap between the axial positioning mechanism of the tightening mold and the shell band, prevent damage to the outer surface of the shell, and significantly reduce the size of the tightening device, thereby improving assembly efficiency. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demands for national security, the requirements for the quality and wartime support capabilities of weapons and ammunition are constantly increasing, thus raising the requirements for the efficiency and quality of ammunition production. The pressing and assembly of finished cartridges is a key process in ammunition production.

[0003] The sealing process is the final step in bonding the cartridge case to the projectile (projectile), and it is also the last step in the shell assembly process. During the assembly of small and medium caliber shells, a sealing device is needed to tightly bond the projectile to the cartridge case, ensuring that the extraction force remains within a certain range and stable, thereby achieving the intended ballistic target.

[0004] The sealing process is a critical step in the assembly of small and medium caliber artillery shells. Traditional sealing methods require lifting the shell into the sealing mold or lowering the entire sealing mold to the sealing position. This process has several problems: damage to the outer surface caused by the shell shaking and hitting the edge of the mold; even after the shell is in place, there may be gaps between the shell's centering part, the shell belt, and the mold positioning sleeve, resulting in poor assembly consistency; and problems such as reduced cycle time due to excessive idle stroke and large size of the sealing device.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a sealing device that can ensure high coaxiality of the projectile body and cartridge case after tight assembly, and ensure no damage to the outer surface of the projectile, is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a gravity-driven self-centering sealing device for small and medium caliber artillery shells that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems. It solves the compatibility problem of sealing devices for various types of artillery shells. Through an innovative design of an inverted gravity-driven self-centering sealing mechanism, it ensures high coaxiality of the shell body and cartridge case after sealing assembly. It also has advantages such as no damage to the outer surface of the shell, small size of the sealing device, short stroke of the sealing servo cylinder, convenient adjustment, fast production cycle, and low cost. Furthermore, it is compatible with multiple types of shells.

[0007] This invention provides the following solution:

[0008] A gravity-driven self-centering muzzle tightening device for small and medium caliber artillery shells includes:

[0009] Tail clamping mechanism;

[0010] A clamping die assembly is disposed below the tail clamping mechanism. The clamping die assembly includes a guide bushing, a centering component, multiple sets of clamping die flaps, a positioning copper ring, and a centering outer bushing that are coaxially connected from top to bottom.

[0011] A tight-fitting conical sleeve includes an open end, the inner side of which has a tapered surface structure that gradually narrows from top to bottom; the open end of the tight-fitting conical sleeve faces upward and is coaxially located below the tight-fitting mold assembly;

[0012] The guide bushing, the centering component, the positioning copper ring, and the centering outer bushing are used to center and position the product to be tightened with its tip facing down and its tail facing up, relying on its own weight and its external dimensions. The tail clamping mechanism is used to axially limit the tail of the product to be tightened after centering and positioning, so that the tightening cone rises and drives multiple sets of tightening molds to radially contract, so that the cartridge of the product to be tightened is connected to the tightening opening of the projectile.

[0013] Preferably, the guide bushing and the centering component are connected via a connecting flange.

[0014] Preferably, a handle is provided on the upper part of the connecting flange.

[0015] Preferably, the conical structure and the outer spherical surfaces of the multiple sets of tight-fitting mold flaps form a sliding motion pair, and the centering outer bushing is provided with a guide stud assembly, which is used to limit the radial direction of the tight-fitting conical bushing.

[0016] Preferably, the centering outer bushing is provided with an adjustable positioning bushing assembly.

[0017] Preferably, the assembly further includes a main frame, which is provided with an upper fixed base plate and a lower fixed base plate, and a plurality of guide posts are provided between the upper fixed base plate and the lower fixed base plate; a portion of the clamping die assembly extends through the upper fixed base plate to the underside of the upper fixed base plate; the clamping cone sleeve is connected to the plurality of guide posts through a guide moving plate.

[0018] Preferably, the system further includes an explosion-proof servo cylinder, the lower end of which is connected to the main frame, and the output shaft of which is connected to the tight-fitting tapered sleeve via a matching adapter.

[0019] Preferably, it further includes several explosion-proof steel plates; the several explosion-proof steel plates are used to enclose the upper fixed base plate and the lower fixed base plate to form a box structure.

[0020] Preferably, the enclosure further includes a top loading mechanism, wherein one of the two side panels of the enclosure extends upward to form a partially open top loading window, and a venting plate is provided between the two side panels; the top loading mechanism is hinged to the venting plate so that the top loading mechanism can be flipped relative to the venting plate to close or open the top loading window.

[0021] Preferably, the tail clamping mechanism is connected to the top loading mechanism.

[0022] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0023] This application provides a gravity-driven self-aligning and tightening device for small- and medium-caliber artillery shells. Relying on the shell's shape and its own weight for centering, the shell is inverted and inserted into the tightening mechanism from the top. After being inserted, the shell relies on its own weight for radial alignment and is positioned axially by the shell belt. This device eliminates pneumatic and electric positioning mechanisms, and the entire stroke of the servo cylinder is a force stroke, significantly reducing the overall size of the equipment and resulting in a simple and reliable structure. Employing an inverted shell gravity-driven self-aligning and guiding positioning mechanism, this device successfully solves the compatibility issues of tightening devices for various shell types compared to traditional shell tightening methods. It offers advantages such as high alignment accuracy, no damage to the shell's outer surface, small tightening device size, short stroke of the tightening servo cylinder, convenient adjustment, fast production cycle, and low cost.

[0024] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gravity self-centering tightening device for small and medium caliber projectiles provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top-mounted window in the open state provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a gravity-driven self-centering muzzle tightening device for small and medium caliber projectiles provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing die assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Tail clamping mechanism; 2. Top loading window; 3. Product to be clamped; 4. Upper fixed base plate; 5. Clamping mold assembly; 5. Handle; 51. Guide bushing; 52. Connecting flange; 53. Centering component; 54. Clamping mold flap; 55. Positioning copper ring; 56. Guide stud assembly; 57. Centering outer bushing; 58. Adjustable positioning bushing assembly; 59. Clamping cone sleeve; 6. Guide column; 7. Guide moving plate; 8. Matching device; 9. Lower fixed base plate; 10. Top loading mechanism; 11. Explosion relief plate; 12. Explosion-proof steel plate; 13. Control cabinet; 14. Main frame; 15. Explosion-proof servo electric cylinder; 16. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 This invention provides a gravity-driven self-centering muzzle tightening device for small- and medium-caliber artillery shells, as shown in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the device may include:

[0033] Tail clamping mechanism 1;

[0034] A clamping die assembly 5 is disposed below the tail clamping mechanism 1. The clamping die assembly 5 includes a guide bushing 52, a centering component 54, multiple sets of clamping die flaps 55, a positioning copper ring 56, and a centering outer bushing 58, which are coaxially connected from top to bottom. Specifically, the guide bushing 52 and the centering component 54 are connected by a connecting flange 53. To facilitate the installation and disassembly of the clamping die assembly 5, this embodiment of the application may also provide a handle 51 on the upper part of the connecting flange 53.

[0035] A conical sleeve 6 with a tightening end includes an open end, the inner side of which has a tapered surface structure that gradually narrows from top to bottom. The open end of the conical sleeve 6 faces upward and is coaxially located below the tightening mold assembly 5. Specifically, the tapered surface structure and the outer spherical surfaces of multiple sets of tightening mold flaps 55 form a sliding motion pair. The centering outer bushing 58 is provided with a guide stud assembly 57, which is used to limit the radial movement of the conical sleeve 6. The centering outer bushing 58 is provided with an adjustable positioning bushing assembly 59.

[0036] The guide bushing 52, the centering component 54, the positioning copper ring 56, and the centering outer bushing 58 are used to center and position the product 3 to be tightened with its tip facing down and its tail facing up, relying on its own weight and its external dimensions. The tail clamping mechanism 1 is used to axially limit the tail of the product 3 to be tightened after centering and positioning, so that the tightening cone rises and drives multiple sets of tightening molds 55 to radially contract, so that the cartridge of the product 3 to be tightened is connected to the tightening mouth of the projectile.

[0037] The gravity-driven self-centering tightening device for small-caliber artillery shells provided in this embodiment allows the shell to be tightened (3) to be inverted, with the tip facing down and the tail facing up, and fed into the tightening mold assembly 5. Guide bushing 52, centering component 54, positioning copper ring 56, and centering outer bushing 58 enable the shell to be tightened (3) to be automatically centered and positioned by its own weight and dimensions. After centering and positioning, the tail clamping mechanism 1 restricts the upward axial movement of the shell, ensuring that the shell will not move upward during the tightening process of the tightening cone sleeve 6. The conical structure at the opening end of the tightening cone sleeve 6 drives multiple sets of tightening mold flaps 55 to radially contract after the tightening cone rises, connecting the cartridge case of the shell to the shell. No external force is required during centering and positioning, ensuring high coaxiality and effectively preventing damage to the outer surface of the shell from external forces.

[0038] In practical applications, to facilitate the overall installation of the device and to better guide the up-and-down movement of the tightening cone sleeve 6, this embodiment of the application may also include a main frame 15, which is provided with an upper fixed base plate 4 and a lower fixed base plate 10, and a plurality of guide posts 7 are provided between the upper fixed base plate 4 and the lower fixed base plate 10; a portion of the tightening mold assembly 5 extends through the upper fixed base plate 4 to the lower part of the upper fixed base plate 4; the tightening cone sleeve 6 is connected to the plurality of guide posts 7 through a guide moving plate 8.

[0039] In order to better drive the tight-mouth cone sleeve 6 to move up and down, this application embodiment can also provide an explosion-proof servo cylinder 16. The lower end of the explosion-proof servo cylinder 16 is connected to the main frame 15, and the output shaft of the explosion-proof servo cylinder 16 is connected to the tight-mouth cone sleeve 6 through a matching device 9.

[0040] To further improve the safety of the device provided in this application embodiment, this application embodiment may also include a plurality of explosion-proof steel plates; the plurality of explosion-proof steel plates are used to enclose the upper fixed base plate 4 and the lower fixed base plate 10 to form a box structure. A top loading mechanism 11 is also included, wherein one of the side plates of the box extends upward to form a partially open structure, and a venting plate 12 is disposed between the two side plates; the top loading mechanism 11 is hinged to the venting plate 12, so that the top loading mechanism 11 can be flipped relative to the venting plate 12 to close or open the two side plates and the open area of ​​the venting plate 12. The tail clamping mechanism 1 is connected to the top loading mechanism 11. Through the explosion-proof steel plates, the venting plate 12, and the top loading mechanism 11, it can be ensured that during the tightening process, the product 3 to be tightened is completely enclosed inside the steel plates, preventing explosion hazards to the user.

[0041] In practical applications, the sealing mechanism is installed inside the explosion-proof steel plate 13, the top loading mechanism 11 is installed above the explosion-proof steel plate 13, the explosion relief plate 12 is installed on the rear side (non-personnel side) of the explosion-proof steel plate 13, the explosion-proof steel plate 13 is installed above the main frame 15, and the control cabinet 14 and the explosion-proof servo cylinder 16 are installed inside the main frame 15. The top loading mechanism 11 can be flipped open, and the shell can be loaded or unloaded through the window of the top loading mechanism 11. Among them, in the sealing mechanism: the tail clamping mechanism 1 is installed on the top plate of the top loading mechanism 11, and the upper and lower ends of the guide column 7 are connected to the upper fixed base plate 4 and the lower fixed base plate 10 respectively, while the surrounding area is sealed with the explosion-proof steel plate 13. The steel plate 13 is connected, the tight-mouth mold assembly 5 is installed on the upper fixed base plate 4, the tight-mouth cone sleeve 6 is installed on the guide moving plate 8, and the guide moving plate 8 is connected to the matching device 9; wherein in the tight-mouth mold assembly 5: the handle 51 is installed on the upper end face of the connecting flange 53, the guide bushing 52 and the centering component 54 are centered by the connecting flange 53, the centering outer bushing 58 is connected to the centering component 54 through multiple sets of guide stud assemblies 57, the guide stud assembly 57 passes through the internal pin hole of the tight-mouth template, the adjustable positioning bushing assembly 59 and the centering outer bushing 58 are locked by a threaded connection nut, and the positioning copper ring 56 is installed on the end face of the adjustable positioning bushing assembly 59.

[0042] When in use, the projectile is inverted and inserted into the tightening mechanism with its tip pointing downwards and tail upwards. The projectile is centered and positioned by its own weight and its external dimensions. After the projectile is loaded, the top loading window 2 is closed, and the tail clamping mechanism 1 is locked. The explosion-proof servo cylinder 16 drives the tightening cone sleeve 6 on the matching device 9 to move upwards. The tightening cone sleeve 6 drives multiple sets of tightening molds 55 to contract radially, completing the tightening of the projectile. After a certain period of pressure holding, the explosion-proof servo cylinder 16 drives the tightening cone sleeve 6 on the matching device 9 to move downwards to reset. The multiple sets of tightening molds 55 are reset by the internal spring force, thus completing the tightening process.

[0043] Among them, the inner conical surface of the tight-mouth conical sleeve 6 and the outer spherical surface of multiple sets of tight-mouth mold petals 55 form a sliding motion pair. The radial movement is limited by the guide stud assembly 57, and both adopt a high pair fit. The axial movement of multiple sets of tight-mouth mold petals 55 is limited by the centering component 54 and the centering outer bushing 58, and adopts a bottom pair fit.

[0044] In summary, the gravity-driven self-aligning and tightening device for small- and medium-caliber artillery shells provided in this application relies on the shell's shape guidance and its own weight for centering. It is installed inverted from the top of the device into the tightening mechanism. After the shell is installed, it relies on its own weight for radial alignment and centering, while its axial positioning is achieved by the shell belt. This device has no pneumatic or electric positioning mechanisms, and the entire stroke of the servo cylinder is a force stroke, significantly reducing the overall size of the equipment and resulting in a simple and reliable structure. Compared to traditional shell tightening methods, this device, employing an inverted shell gravity-driven self-aligning and guiding positioning mechanism, successfully solves the compatibility issues of tightening devices for various types of shells. It offers advantages such as high alignment accuracy, no damage to the shell's outer surface, small tightening device size, short stroke of the tightening servo cylinder, convenient adjustment, fast production cycle, and low cost.

[0045] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0046] As can be seen from the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this application can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of this application.

[0047] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for system or system embodiments, since they are basically similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments. The systems and system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without creative effort.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gravity-driven self-centering muzzle tightening device for small and medium caliber artillery shells, characterized in that, include: Tail clamping mechanism; A clamping die assembly is disposed below the tail clamping mechanism. The clamping die assembly includes a guide bushing, a centering component, multiple sets of clamping die flaps, a positioning copper ring, and a centering outer bushing that are coaxially connected from top to bottom. A tight-fitting conical sleeve includes an open end, the inner side of which has a tapered surface structure that gradually narrows from top to bottom; the open end of the tight-fitting conical sleeve faces upward and is coaxially located below the tight-fitting mold assembly; The guide bushing, the centering component, the positioning copper ring, and the centering outer bushing are used to center and position the product to be tightened with its tip facing down and its tail facing up, relying on its own weight and its external dimensions. The tail clamping mechanism is used to axially limit the tail of the product to be tightened after centering and positioning, so that the tightening cone sleeve rises and drives multiple sets of tightening molds to radially contract, so that the cartridge of the product to be tightened is tightly connected to the projectile body.

2. The gravity-driven self-centering muzzle tightening device for small and medium caliber projectiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide bushing and the centering component are connected by a connecting flange.

3. The gravity-driven self-centering muzzle tightening device for small and medium caliber projectiles according to claim 2, characterized in that, A handle is provided on the upper part of the connecting flange.

4. The gravity-driven self-centering muzzle tightening device for small and medium caliber projectiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conical structure and the outer spherical surfaces of the multiple sets of tight-mouth mold flaps form a sliding motion pair. The centering outer bushing is provided with a guide stud assembly, which is used to limit the radial direction of the tight-mouth conical bushing.

5. The gravity self-centering muzzle tightening device for small and medium caliber projectiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centering outer bushing is equipped with an adjustable positioning bushing assembly.

6. The gravity-driven self-centering muzzle tightening device for small and medium caliber projectiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a main frame, which is provided with an upper fixed base plate and a lower fixed base plate, and a plurality of guide posts are provided between the upper fixed base plate and the lower fixed base plate; a part of the clamping die assembly extends through the upper fixed base plate to the lower part of the upper fixed base plate; the clamping cone sleeve is connected to the plurality of guide posts through a guide moving plate.

7. The gravity self-centering muzzle tightening device for small and medium caliber projectiles according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes an explosion-proof servo cylinder, the lower end of which is connected to the main frame, and the output shaft of which is connected to the tight-mouth tapered sleeve via a matching device.

8. The gravity-driven self-centering muzzle tightening device for small and medium caliber projectiles according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes several explosion-proof steel plates; the several explosion-proof steel plates are used to enclose the upper fixed base plate and the lower fixed base plate to form a box structure.

9. The gravity-driven self-centering muzzle tightening device for small and medium caliber projectiles according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a top loading mechanism, wherein one of the two side panels of the housing extends upward to form a partially open top loading window, and a venting plate is provided between the two side panels; the top loading mechanism is hinged to the venting plate so that the top loading mechanism can be flipped relative to the venting plate to close or open the top loading window.

10. The gravity-driven self-centering muzzle tightening device for small and medium caliber projectiles according to claim 9, characterized in that, The tail clamping mechanism is connected to the top loading mechanism.

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