A wheel full-surface appearance inspection device and its usage method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for inspecting the appearance of the entire surface of a wheel, which includes a base, a transportation mechanism, a rotating mechanism, and an inspection support mechanism. The transportation mechanism is movably connected to the base, the rotating mechanism is connected to the transportation mechanism and moves along with the transportation mechanism, and the inspection support mechanism is connected to the rotating mechanism and rotates along with the rotating mechanism. The wheel is placed on the inspection support mechanism. This wheel inspection and transportation device can meet the intelligent transportation of the wheel between the truss manipulator and the inspection station, and can not only transport the train wheel, but also meet the requirement of inspecting the appearance of the wheel at the set station. At one inspection station, the appearance inspection of the entire surface of the wheel can be completed. During the inspection process, the inspector does not need to manually rotate the wheel and bend down to inspect the appearance of the wheel; the entire device has a high degree of automation, low labor intensity, simple operation and maintenance, strong reliability, and high efficiency. The present invention also discloses a method for using the device for inspecting the appearance of the entire surface of a wheel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wheel manufacturing, and particularly relates to a device for inspecting the appearance of the whole surface of a wheel and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the speed increase of railways, the railway transportation system has higher and higher requirements for the quality of wheels. In each process of wheel production, after the wheels have gone through static balance, typing, magnetic flaw detection, ultrasonic flaw detection, and shot peening, appearance inspection before leaving the factory has become an important part of the wheel production process.

[0003] There is a Chinese invention patent with the application number 201310449837.X, which discloses an appearance inspection device and method for finished wheels. The main device includes a first inspection conveying mechanism, a wheel turning mechanism, and a second inspection conveying mechanism. A wheel turning mechanism is provided between the two conveying mechanisms. Both the first inspection conveying mechanism and the second inspection conveying mechanism include two hydraulic buffers, a first loading module, a first transportation module, an inspection module, a second transportation module, and a second loading module. The first loading module and the inspection module are connected through the first transportation module, and the second loading module and the inspection module are connected through the second transportation module. The invention prevents the wheels from being bumped and scratched by changing the transportation method during the appearance inspection of the finished wheels.

[0004] There is also a Chinese invention patent with the application number 202010179485.0, which discloses a wheel inspection table. The driving source rotates the slewing bearing to drive the first frame and its bearing part to rotate; on the bearing part, a radial movement component is provided to enable the wheels on the first wheel support part to perform radial movement. Therefore, only one driving source is used to complete the rotation and telescoping of the first wheel support part, reducing the complexity of electrical control and enabling the wheels to be transferred to different workstations in a narrow space, meeting the requirements of the wheel detection production line.

[0005] Although the methods of the above patents have achieved the appearance inspection of wheels, for one inspection station, only the inner rim surface or the outer rim surface of the wheel can be inspected, and the full-surface appearance inspection of the wheel cannot be achieved. In addition, when the wheels are subjected to appearance inspection, the wheels are horizontally placed on the inspection station, and the inspectors need to bend down to inspect the appearance of the wheels. Moreover, during the inspection process, the inspectors need to manually rotate the wheels while inspecting to achieve the appearance inspection of different positions on the same wheel surface, resulting in a large labor intensity for the inspectors. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wheel full-surface appearance inspection device with a simple and compact structure, high degree of automation, low labor intensity, simple operation and maintenance, strong reliability, and high efficiency, which can not only realize the transportation of train wheels, but also meet the requirements of appearance inspection of wheels at the set workstations; the present invention also provides a method for using the train wheel full-surface appearance inspection device.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a wheel full-surface appearance inspection device, including a base, a transportation mechanism, a rotation mechanism, and an inspection support mechanism. The transportation mechanism is movably connected to the base, the rotation mechanism is connected to the transportation mechanism and moves with the transportation mechanism, and the inspection support mechanism is connected to the rotation mechanism and rotates with the rotation mechanism. The wheel is placed on the inspection support mechanism.

[0008] Further, the transportation mechanism includes a rolling linear guide sleeve pair and a vehicle body. The rolling linear guide sleeve pair includes a guide rail shaft and a linear motion ball bearing. The linear motion ball bearing cooperates with the guide rail shaft and moves along the guide rail shaft. The guide rail shaft is fixedly installed on the base through a support seat, and the linear motion ball bearing is fixedly installed on the lower plane of the bottom plate of the vehicle body through a support seat. The vehicle body is slidably connected to the base through the cooperation of the linear motion ball bearing and the guide rail shaft.

[0009] Further, the transportation mechanism also includes a motor, a speed reducer I, a gear, and a rack. The motor is installed on the speed reducer I, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to the input shaft of the speed reducer I. The speed reducer I is vertically installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate of the vehicle body. The gear and the rack are located below the vehicle body. The rack is fixedly installed on the inner side surface of the base, the gear meshes with the rack, and the output shaft of the speed reducer I passes through the bottom plate and is connected to the gear.

[0010] Further, a rotary encoder is installed on the motor. When the motor rotates, the rotary encoder coaxially connected to the motor outputs a pulse signal representing the angular displacement of the motor shaft to the PLC controller, thereby accurately controlling the moving position of the vehicle body; the vehicle body includes a bottom plate and an upper plate, and the upper plate is installed on the bottom plate through a support block, and the rotation mechanism is installed on the upper plate.

[0011] Further, the rotation mechanism includes a servo motor, a speed reducer II, a coupling, a worm gear, a worm, a slewing bearing, a turntable, and a base. The output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the input shaft of the speed reducer II. The output shaft of the speed reducer II is connected to the worm through a coupling. The base is fixedly installed on the vehicle body. The inner ring of the slewing bearing is fixedly connected to the base. The worm gear is connected to the outer ring of the slewing bearing. The turntable is located above the slewing bearing and is fixedly connected to the worm gear. The worm gear meshes with the worm.

[0012] Further, the rotation mechanism further includes a connecting sleeve and a worm seat. The worm seat is fixedly installed on the base. The servo motor and the reducer II are fixedly connected to the worm seat through the connecting sleeve, and the worm is installed in the worm seat.

[0013] Further, the inspection support mechanism includes a support frame, a roller assembly, a support roller assembly, a variable-frequency motor, a reducer III, and a coupling. The support frame includes a base and a support rod. The base is fixedly installed on the turntable, and the support rod is vertically welded to the base. The roller assembly is installed on the base, and the support roller assembly is installed on the support rod. The variable-frequency motor and the reducer III are installed on the base. The output shaft of the variable-frequency motor is connected to the input shaft of the reducer III, and the output shaft of the reducer III is connected to the roller shaft of the roller assembly through the coupling.

[0014] Further, the roller assembly includes a roller, a roller shaft, and a bearing seat. The roller is installed on the roller shaft, and the roller shaft is installed on the base through the bearing seat. The roller shaft can rotate. The roller shaft is connected to the output shaft of the reducer III. A V-shaped groove is provided on the roller shaft, and the wheel is placed on the roller. Both sides of the V-shaped groove are in contact with the wheel rim.

[0015] Further, the support roller assembly includes a support seat, a support roller, a bearing, and a support roller shaft. The support roller is installed on the support roller shaft, and both ends of the support roller shaft are rotatably installed on the support seat through the bearings. The support seat is installed on the support rod. During operation, the wheel rim falls into the V-shaped groove of the roller, and the rim surface of the wheel leans against the support roller.

[0016] Based on the above-mentioned wheel full-surface appearance inspection device, the present invention further relates to a use method of the wheel full-surface appearance inspection device, and the use method is as follows:

[0017] a. The wheel is obliquely placed on the roller of the inspection support mechanism by the manipulator, and the rim surface of the wheel leans against the support roller.

[0018] b. The inspection support mechanism is installed on the turntable of the rotation mechanism and rotates with the turntable to rotate the surface of the wheel to be detected.

[0019] c. The rotation mechanism is installed on the vehicle body of the transportation mechanism and moves with the vehicle body. The vehicle body is guided by the rolling linear guide sleeve pair and driven by the gear, rack, motor, and reducer I to ensure that the vehicle body accurately moves to the specified position on the base.

[0020] Further, the specific steps of the wheel full-surface appearance inspection device for wheel surface appearance inspection are as follows:

[0021] Step 1: When the wheel inspection and transportation device is in the standby state, the inspection support mechanism is located directly below the truss manipulator, and the turntable of the rotation mechanism is at the zero position.

[0022] Step 2: When working, the manipulator places the wheel obliquely on the roller of the inspection support mechanism, and the wheel rim surface rests on the support roller; after the wheel falls into place, the electronic control unit sends a signal to the wheel inspection transport device, and the motor of the transport mechanism drives the gear to rotate through the reducer I, and the gear generates relative motion with the meshing rack, driving the vehicle body to move linearly. When the wheel on the wheel inspection transport device reaches the set inspection station, the motor stops working;

[0023] Step 3: Check that the variable frequency motor of the support mechanism starts to rotate. The variable frequency motor drives the roller shaft to rotate through the reducer III and the coupling, and drives the roller installed on the roller shaft to rotate, thereby driving the wheel to rotate;

[0024] Step 4: The inspector begins to conduct a visual inspection of the surface of his own wheel;

[0025] Step 5. After the inspection is completed, the variable frequency motor of the inspection support mechanism stops rotating and the wheel is in a stationary state; the servo motor, reducer II and coupling of the rotating mechanism drive the worm gear and the turntable fixed to the worm gear to rotate 180 degrees, thereby driving the inspection support mechanism fixed to the rotating mechanism to rotate 180 degrees, that is, the other side of the wheel to be inspected is facing the inspector;

[0026] Step 6: Check that the variable frequency motor of the support mechanism starts to rotate. The variable frequency motor drives the roller shaft to rotate through the reducer III and the coupling, driving the roller on the roller shaft to rotate, thereby driving the wheel to rotate;

[0027] Step 7: The inspector begins to conduct a visual inspection of the surface of his own wheel;

[0028] Step 8: After the inspection, check that the variable frequency motor of the support mechanism stops rotating and the wheel is in a stationary state;

[0029] Step 9. After receiving the signal, the servo motor of the rotating mechanism drives the worm to drive the worm wheel and the turntable fixed on the worm wheel to rotate 180 degrees, thereby driving the inspection support mechanism fixed on the rotating mechanism to rotate 180 degrees and return to the original position;

[0030] Step 10: The motor of the transport mechanism then drives the gear to rotate through the reducer I, and generates relative motion with the meshing rack, driving the vehicle body back to the bottom of the truss manipulator;

[0031] Step 11: The truss robot picks up the wheel that has undergone appearance inspection and sends it to the next station, and a working cycle ends.

[0032] The advantages of adopting the technical solution of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. The full-surface appearance inspection device for wheels of the present invention is composed of a base, a transportation mechanism, a rotation mechanism, an inspection support mechanism, a control unit, etc., and can meet the intelligent transportation of wheels between the truss manipulator and the inspection station. The newly added wheel inspection and transportation device can not only transport train wheels but also meet the requirement of inspecting the appearance of wheels at the set station. At one inspection station, the full-surface appearance inspection of wheels can be completed. During the inspection process, the wheels are placed approximately vertically and can rotate automatically. Inspectors do not need to bend down to observe or manually rotate the wheels, with low labor intensity and high efficiency. It can realize that after all wheels are subjected to static balance, typing, magnetic flaw detection, ultrasonic flaw detection, and shot peening online, the wheels transported by the truss manipulator are automatically conveyed to the inspection station, and the inspectors conduct the appearance inspection of the wheels manually.

[0034] 2. The present invention adopts a full-surface appearance inspection device for wheels, which can meet the intelligent transportation of wheels between the truss manipulator and the inspection station. The newly added wheel inspection and transportation device can not only transport train wheels but also meet the requirement of inspecting the appearance of train wheels at the set station. And at one station, the full-surface appearance inspection of wheels can be completed, solving the drawback that the existing wheel appearance inspection device can only realize the inspection of the inner rim surface or the outer rim surface of the wheel at a single inspection station and cannot realize the full-surface appearance inspection of the wheel. The whole device has a high degree of automation, low labor intensity, simple operation and maintenance, strong reliability, and high efficiency; it overcomes the labor intensity brought by the existing wheel appearance inspection device that the inspector needs to manually rotate the wheel and bend down to inspect the appearance of the wheel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0036] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the full-surface appearance inspection device for wheels of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the base of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the transportation mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the rotation mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the inspection support mechanism of the present invention.

[0041] The marks in the above figures are respectively: 1. Base; 2. Transportation mechanism; 3. Rotation mechanism; 4. Inspection support mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0042] In the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial direction", "plane direction", "circumferential direction", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0043] In order to solve the deficiencies of the existing wheel appearance inspection device and realize that after all wheels are subjected to static balance, typing, magnetic flaw detection, ultrasonic flaw detection, and shot peening online, the wheels transported by the truss manipulator are automatically conveyed to the inspection station, and the appearance of the wheels is inspected manually. The present invention provides a wheel inspection and transportation device, which is composed of a base, a transportation mechanism, a rotating mechanism, an inspection support mechanism, a control unit, etc., and can meet the intelligent transportation of wheels between the truss manipulator and the inspection station. The newly added wheel inspection and transportation device can not only realize the transportation of train wheels but also meet the requirement of inspecting the appearance of wheels at the set station. At one inspection station, the full-surface appearance inspection of the wheels can be completed. During the inspection process, the inspector does not need to manually rotate the wheels and bend down to inspect the appearance of the wheels. The device has a simple and compact structure, high automation, low labor intensity, simple operation and maintenance, strong reliability, and high efficiency.

[0044] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, a full-surface appearance inspection device for wheels includes a base 1, a transportation mechanism 2, a rotating mechanism 3, and an inspection support mechanism 4. The transportation mechanism 2 is movably connected to the base 1, the rotating mechanism 3 is connected to the transportation mechanism 2 and moves with the transportation mechanism 2, the inspection support mechanism 4 is connected to the rotating mechanism 3 and rotates with the rotating mechanism 3, and the wheel is placed on the inspection support mechanism 4. This wheel inspection and transportation device can meet the intelligent transportation of wheels between the truss manipulator and the inspection station, and can not only realize the transportation of train wheels but also meet the requirement of inspecting the appearance of wheels at the set station. At one inspection station, the full-surface appearance inspection of the wheels can be completed. During the inspection process, the inspector does not need to manually rotate the wheels and bend down to inspect the appearance of the wheels; the whole device has high automation, low labor intensity, simple operation and maintenance, strong reliability, and high efficiency.

[0045] During operation, the wheel rim falls into the V-shaped groove of the idler roller, and the rim surface of the wheel leans against the support roller. The wheel to be inspected rotates with the rotation of the idler roller. The inspector adjusts the output speed of the frequency conversion motor that drives the driving idler roller to obtain a wheel rotation speed suitable for the human eye to inspect the appearance of the wheel.

[0046] The inspection support mechanism is fixedly installed on the turntable of the rotating mechanism and rotates with the rotating mechanism. When the inspector has inspected the wheel surface facing himself / herself, the rotating mechanism drives the inspection support mechanism to rotate 180 degrees to conduct an appearance inspection of the other surface of the wheel, thereby enabling a single inspection station to perform an appearance inspection of the entire surface of the wheel. The base of the rotating mechanism is fixed on the upper panel of the vehicle body of the transportation mechanism through a connecting plate and moves with the vehicle body of the transportation mechanism. The vehicle body is guided by a rolling linear guide bushing pair, driven by a gear rack and a motor, to ensure that the vehicle body accurately moves to a specified position on the base, thereby transporting the wheel to be inspected to a fixed-point position.

[0047] The transportation mechanism 2 includes a rolling linear guide bushing pair 201 and a vehicle body 202. The rolling linear guide bushing pair 201 includes a guide rail shaft 2011 and a linear motion ball bearing 2013. The linear motion ball bearing 2013 cooperates with the guide rail shaft 2011 and moves along the guide rail shaft 2011. The guide rail shaft 2011 is fixedly installed on the base 1 through a support seat 2012. The linear motion ball bearing 2013 is fixedly installed on the lower plane of the bottom plate 2021 of the vehicle body 202 through a support seat. The vehicle body 202 is slidably connected to the base 1 through the cooperation of the linear motion ball bearing 2013 and the guide rail shaft 2011. The vehicle body 202 includes a bottom plate 2021 and an upper plate 2022. The upper plate 2022 is installed on the bottom plate 2021 through a support block. The rotating mechanism 3 is installed on the upper plate 2022.

[0048] The transportation mechanism 2 further includes a motor 203, a speed reducer I 204, a gear 205, and a rack 206. The motor 203 is installed on the speed reducer I 204. The output shaft of the motor 203 is connected to the input shaft of the speed reducer I 204. The speed reducer I 204 is vertically installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 2021 of the vehicle body 202. The gear 205 and the rack 206 are located below the vehicle body 202. The rack 206 is fixedly installed on the inner side surface of the base 1. The gear 205 meshes with the rack 206. The output shaft of the speed reducer I 204 passes through the bottom plate 2021 and is connected to the gear 205. By driving the speed reducer I 204 with the motor 203 to drive the gear 205 to generate relative motion with the meshing rack 206, the linear motion of the vehicle body 202 is realized.

[0049] A rotary encoder is installed on the motor 203. When the motor 203 rotates, the rotary encoder coaxially connected to the motor 203 outputs a pulse signal representing the angular displacement of the motor shaft to the PLC controller, thereby accurately controlling the moving position of the vehicle body 202.

[0050] The transportation mechanism of the present invention uses an open-type rolling linear guide bushing pair for guidance, has good self-adjusting ability of the structure, high precision, and long stroke, and is suitable for the rapid transportation of the device; this transportation mechanism drives the gear to generate relative motion with the meshing rack through the motor driving the speed reducer to realize the linear motion of the vehicle body. The motor is equipped with a rotary encoder, which can accurately control the moving position of the vehicle body.

[0051] The rotating mechanism 3 includes a servo motor 301, a speed reducer II 302, a coupling 304, a worm gear 305, a worm 306, a slewing bearing 308, a turntable 309 and a base 310. The output shaft of the servo motor 301 is connected to the input shaft of the speed reducer II 302. The output shaft of the speed reducer II 302 is connected to the worm 306 through the coupling 304. The base 310 is fixedly installed on the vehicle body 202. The inner ring of the slewing bearing 308 is fixedly connected to the base 310. The worm gear 305 is connected to the outer ring of the slewing bearing 308. The turntable 309 is located above the slewing bearing 308. The turntable 309 is fixedly connected to the worm gear 305. The worm gear 305 meshes with the worm 306. The rotating mechanism 3 further includes a connecting sleeve 303 and a worm seat 307. The worm seat 307 is fixedly installed on the base 310. The servo motor 301 and the speed reducer II 302 are fixedly connected to the worm seat 307 through the connecting sleeve 303. The worm 306 is installed in the worm seat 307. The output shaft of the speed reducer 302 is connected to the worm 306 through the coupling 304. This connection method ensures that the coupling 304 only transmits torque during operation.

[0052] The inspection support mechanism 4 includes a support frame 401, a roller assembly 402, a support roller assembly 403, a variable frequency motor 404, a speed reducer III 405 and a coupling 406. The support frame 401 is a welded structure and includes a base 4011 and a support rod 4012. The support rod 4012 is processed from a square tube and is an inverted V-shaped structure welded by square tubes. The base 4011 of the support frame 401 is fixedly installed on the turntable 309. The support rod 4012 is vertically welded to the base 4011. The roller assembly 402 is installed on the base 4011. The support roller assembly 403 is installed on the support rod 4012. The variable frequency motor 404 and the speed reducer III 405 are installed on the base 4011. The output shaft of the variable frequency motor 404 is connected to the input shaft of the speed reducer III 405. The output shaft of the speed reducer III 405 is connected to the roller shaft 4022 of the roller assembly 402 through a coupling.

[0053] The roller assembly 402 includes a roller 4021, a roller shaft 4022 and a bearing seat 4023. One of the rollers 4021 is a driving roller and the other is a driven roller. The roller 4021 is installed on the roller shaft 4022. The roller shaft 4022 is installed on the base 4011 through the bearing seat 4023. The roller shaft 4022 can rotate. The roller shaft 4022 is connected to the output shaft of the speed reducer III 405. The roller shaft 4022 is provided with a V-shaped groove. The wheel is placed on the roller 4021. The two sides of the V-shaped groove are in contact with the wheel rim, and the wheel is driven to rotate by friction. The variable frequency motor 404 drives the roller shaft 4022 to rotate through the speed reducer 405 and the coupling 406, driving the driving roller fixed on the roller shaft 4022 to rotate, thereby driving the wheel to rotate.

[0054] The supporting roller assembly 403 includes a support base 4031, a supporting roller 4032, bearings 4033 and a supporting roller shaft 4034. The supporting roller 4032 is installed on the supporting roller shaft 4034. Both ends of the supporting roller shaft 4034 are rotatably installed on the support base 4031 through the bearings 4033. The support base 4031 is installed on the support rod 4012. During operation, the wheel rim falls into the V-shaped groove of the idler roller 4021, and the rim surface of the wheel leans against the supporting roller 4032.

[0055] This full-surface appearance inspection device for wheels further includes an electric control unit. The motor 203 of the transportation mechanism 2, the servo motor 301 of the rotating mechanism 3, and the frequency conversion motor 404 of the inspection support mechanism 4 are all electrically connected to the electric control unit. The electric control unit is a PLC controller. The electric control unit receives signals and issues instructions to control the actions of the transportation mechanism 2, the rotating mechanism 3, and the inspection support mechanism 44 to meet the working requirements.

[0056] In the present invention, the frequency conversion motor of the inspection support mechanism drives the idler roller shaft to rotate through a speed reducer and a coupling, driving the driving roller fixedly connected to the idler roller shaft to rotate. The speed of the driving roller is adjustable, and the inspector can obtain a wheel rotation speed suitable for visual inspection of the wheel appearance. In addition, the inspection support mechanism is fixedly installed on the turntable of the rotating mechanism. When the inspector has inspected one surface of the wheel, the rotating mechanism drives the inspection support mechanism to rotate 180 degrees for visual inspection of the other surface of the wheel, so that full-surface appearance inspection of the wheel can be performed at one inspection station. The base of the rotating mechanism is fixed on the upper panel of the vehicle body of the transportation mechanism through a connecting plate and moves along with the vehicle body of the transportation mechanism. The vehicle body is guided by a rolling linear guide sleeve pair and driven by a gear, a rack, a motor, and a speed reducer I to ensure that the vehicle body accurately moves to a specified position on the base, thereby transporting the wheel to be inspected to a fixed-point position.

[0057] Based on the above full-surface appearance inspection device for wheels, the present invention further relates to a method for using the full-surface appearance inspection device for wheels, and the method is as follows:

[0058] a. The wheel is obliquely placed on the idler roller 4021 of the inspection support mechanism 4 by a manipulator, and the rim surface of the wheel leans against the supporting roller 4032.

[0059] b. The inspection support mechanism 4 is installed on the turntable 309 of the rotating mechanism 3 and rotates with the turntable 309 to rotate the wheel to the side to be detected.

[0060] c. The rotating mechanism 3 is installed on the vehicle body 202 of the transportation mechanism 2 and moves along with the vehicle body 202. The vehicle body 202 is guided by a rolling linear guide sleeve pair 201 and driven by a gear 205, a rack 206, a motor 203, and a speed reducer I to ensure that the vehicle body 202 accurately moves to a specified position on the base 1.

[0061] The specific steps of the wheel full-surface appearance inspection device for wheel surface appearance inspection are as follows:

[0062] Step 1: When the wheel inspection and transportation device is in a standby state, check that the support mechanism 4 is directly below the truss manipulator and the turntable 309 of the rotating mechanism 3 is at the zero position;

[0063] Step 2: During operation, the manipulator obliquely places the wheel on the roller 4021 of the inspection support mechanism 4, and the wheel rim surface leans against the support roller 4032; after the wheel is in place, the electronic control unit sends a signal to the wheel inspection and transportation device, and the motor 203 of the transportation mechanism 2 drives the gear 205 to rotate through the speed reducer I 204. The gear 205 generates relative movement with the engaged rack 206 to drive the vehicle body 202 to move linearly. When the wheel on the wheel inspection and transportation device reaches the set inspection station, the motor 203 stops working;

[0064] Step 3: The frequency conversion motor 404 of the inspection support mechanism 4 starts to rotate. The frequency conversion motor 404 drives the roller shaft 4022 to rotate through the speed reducer III 405 and the coupling 406, driving the rollers installed on the roller shaft to rotate, thereby driving the wheel to rotate;

[0065] Step 4: The inspector starts to conduct an appearance inspection on the wheel surface facing himself;

[0066] Step 5: After the inspection is completed, the frequency conversion motor 404 of the inspection support mechanism 4 stops rotating, and the wheel is in a stationary state; the servo motor 301, speed reducer II 302, and coupling 304 of the rotating mechanism 3 drive the worm 306 to drive the worm gear 305 and the turntable 309 fixed on the worm gear 305 to rotate 180 degrees, thereby driving the inspection support mechanism 4 fixed on the rotating mechanism 3 to rotate 180 degrees, that is, the other side of the wheel to be inspected for appearance faces the inspector;

[0067] Step 6: The frequency conversion motor 404 of the inspection support mechanism 4 starts to rotate. The frequency conversion motor 404 drives the roller shaft 4022 to rotate through the speed reducer III 405 and the coupling 406, driving the rollers on the roller shaft 4022 to rotate, thereby driving the wheel to rotate;

[0068] Step 7: The inspector starts to conduct an appearance inspection on the wheel surface facing himself;

[0069] Step 8: After the inspection is completed, the frequency conversion motor 404 of the inspection support mechanism 4 stops rotating, and the wheel is in a stationary state;

[0070] Step 9: After receiving the signal, the servo motor 301 of the rotating mechanism 3 drives the worm 306 to drive the worm gear 305 and the turntable 309 fixed on the worm gear 305 to rotate 180 degrees, thereby driving the inspection support mechanism 4 fixed on the rotating mechanism 3 to rotate 180 degrees and return to the original position;

[0071] Step 10, the motor 203 of the transport mechanism 2 then drives the gear 205 to rotate through the reducer I 204, and generates relative motion with the meshing rack 206, driving the vehicle body 202 back to the bottom of the truss manipulator;

[0072] Step 10: The truss robot picks up the wheel that has undergone appearance inspection and sends it to the next station, and a working cycle ends.

[0073] The wheel full-surface appearance inspection device of the present invention is composed of a base, a transport mechanism, a rotating mechanism, an inspection support mechanism, a control unit, etc., and can meet the intelligent transportation of wheels between a truss-type manipulator and an inspection station. The newly added wheel inspection and transportation device can not only realize the transportation of train wheels, but also realize the appearance inspection requirements of wheels at set stations. At one inspection station, the full-surface appearance inspection of the wheel can be completed. During the inspection process, the wheel is placed in a nearly vertical position and can rotate automatically. Inspectors do not need to bend over to observe, nor do they need to rotate the wheel manually, so the labor intensity is low and the efficiency is high. After all wheels are statically balanced, typed, magnetically detected, ultra-detected, and shot blasted online, the wheels transported by the truss-type manipulator are automatically transported to the inspection station, and the wheels are manually inspected for appearance.

[0074] The present invention adopts a wheel full-surface appearance inspection device, which can meet the requirements of intelligent transportation of wheels between truss-type manipulators and inspection stations. The newly added wheel inspection and transportation device can not only realize the transportation of train wheels, but also realize the appearance inspection requirements of train wheels at set stations. Moreover, the full-surface appearance inspection of the wheel can be completed at one station, which solves the drawback that the existing wheel appearance inspection device can only realize the inspection of the inner rim surface or the outer rim surface of the wheel at a single inspection station, and cannot realize the full-surface appearance inspection of the wheel. The whole device has a high degree of automation, low labor intensity, simple operation and maintenance, strong reliability and high efficiency; it overcomes the labor intensity brought by the existing wheel appearance inspection device, in which inspectors need to manually turn the wheel and bend over to perform wheel appearance inspection.

[0075] The present invention is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the technical solution of the present invention, or the concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wheel full-surface appearance inspection device, characterized in that: It includes a base (1), a transportation mechanism (2), a rotating mechanism (3) and an inspection support mechanism (4). The transportation mechanism (2) is movably connected to the base (1). The rotating mechanism (3) is connected to the transportation mechanism (2) and moves along with the transportation mechanism (2). The inspection support mechanism (4) is connected to the rotating mechanism (3) and rotates along with the rotating mechanism (3). The wheel is placed on the inspection support mechanism (4). The transportation mechanism (2) includes a rolling linear guide sleeve pair (201) and a vehicle body (202). The rolling linear guide sleeve pair (201) includes a guide rail shaft (2011) and a linear motion ball bearing (2013). The linear motion ball bearing (2013) cooperates with the guide rail shaft (2011) and moves along the guide rail shaft (2011). The guide rail shaft (2011) is fixedly installed on the base (1) through a support seat (2012). The linear motion ball bearing (2013) is fixedly installed on the lower plane of the bottom plate (2021) of the vehicle body (202) through a support seat. The vehicle body (202) is slidably connected to the base (1) through the cooperation of the linear motion ball bearing (2013) and the guide rail shaft (2011). The transportation mechanism (2) further includes a motor (203), a speed reducer I (204), a gear (205) and a rack (206). The motor (203) is installed on the speed reducer I (204). The output shaft of the motor (203) is connected to the input shaft of the speed reducer I (204). The speed reducer I (204) is vertically installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate (2021) of the vehicle body (202). The gear (205) and the rack (206) are located below the vehicle body (202). The rack (206) is fixedly installed on the inner side surface of the base (1). The gear (205) meshes with the rack (206). The output shaft of the speed reducer I (204) passes through the bottom plate (2021) and is connected to the gear (205). The rotating mechanism (3) includes a servo motor (301), a speed reducer II (302), a coupling (304), a worm gear (305), a worm (306), a slewing bearing (308), a turntable (309) and a base (310). The output shaft of the servo motor (301) is connected to the input shaft of the speed reducer II (302). The output shaft of the speed reducer II (302) is connected to the worm (306) through the coupling (304). The base (310) is fixedly installed on the vehicle body (202). The inner ring of the slewing bearing (308) is fixedly connected to the base (310). The worm gear (305) is connected to the outer ring of the slewing bearing (308). The turntable (309) is located above the slewing bearing (308). The turntable (309) is fixedly connected to the worm gear (305). The worm gear (305) meshes with the worm (306).

2. The appearance inspection device for the entire surface of a wheel according to claim 1, wherein: The rotating mechanism (3) further includes a connecting sleeve (303) and a worm seat (307). The worm seat (307) is fixedly installed on the base (310). The servo motor (301) and the speed reducer II (302) are fixedly connected to the worm seat (307) through the connecting sleeve (303). The worm (306) is installed in the worm seat (307).

3. The appearance inspection device for the entire surface of a wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inspection support mechanism (4) includes a support frame (401), a roller assembly (402), a support roller assembly (403), a variable-frequency motor (404), a reducer III (405), and a coupling (406). The support frame (401) includes a base (4011) and a support rod (4012). The base (4011) is fixedly installed on the turntable (309), and the support rod (4012) is vertically welded to the base (4011). The roller assembly (402) is installed on the base (4011), the support roller assembly (403) is installed on the support rod (4012), the variable-frequency motor (404) and the reducer III (405) are installed on the base (4011). The output shaft of the variable-frequency motor (404) is connected to the input shaft of the reducer III (405), and the output shaft of the reducer III (405) is connected to the roller shaft (4022) of the roller assembly (402) through a coupling.

4. The appearance inspection device for the entire surface of a wheel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The roller assembly (402) includes a roller (4021), a roller shaft (4022), and a bearing seat (4023). The roller (4021) is installed on the roller shaft (4022), and the roller shaft (4022) is installed on the base (4011) through the bearing seat (4023). The roller shaft (4022) can rotate and is connected to the output shaft of the reducer III (405). A V-shaped groove is provided on the roller shaft (4022), and the wheel is placed on the roller (4021), and both sides of the V-shaped groove are in contact with the wheel rim.

5. The appearance inspection device for the entire surface of a wheel according to claim 4, wherein: The support roller assembly (403) includes a support seat (4031), a support roller (4032), a bearing (4033), and a support roller shaft (4034). The support roller (4032) is installed on the support roller shaft (4034), and both ends of the support roller shaft (4034) are rotatably installed on the support seat (4031) through the bearing (4033). The support seat (4031) is installed on the support rod (4012). During operation, the wheel rim falls into the V-shaped groove of the roller (4021), and the rim surface of the wheel leans against the support roller (4032).

6. A method for using a device for inspecting the appearance of the entire surface of a wheel, characterized in that: Based on a wheel full-surface appearance inspection device as described in claim 5, the usage method is as follows: a. The wheel is obliquely placed on the roller (4021) of the inspection support mechanism (4) by a manipulator, and the rim surface of the wheel leans against the support roller (4032). b. The inspection support mechanism (4) is installed on the turntable (309) of the rotating mechanism (3) and rotates with the turntable (309) to rotate the surface of the wheel to be detected. c. The rotating mechanism (3) is installed on the vehicle body (202) of the transportation mechanism (2) and moves with the vehicle body (202). The vehicle body (202) is guided by a rolling linear guide sleeve pair (201) and is driven by a gear (205), a rack (206), a motor (203), and a reducer I (204) to ensure that the vehicle body (202) accurately moves to a specified position on the base (1).

7. The usage method of a wheel full-surface appearance inspection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps of the wheel full-surface appearance inspection device for wheel surface appearance inspection are as follows: Step 1. When the wheel inspection and transportation device is in the standby state, check that the support mechanism (4) is directly below the truss manipulator and the turntable (309) of the rotating mechanism (3) is at the zero position. Step 2. During operation, the manipulator obliquely places the wheel on the roller (4021) of the inspection support mechanism (4), with the wheel rim surface against the support roller (4032). After the wheel is in place, the motor (203) of the transportation mechanism (2) drives the gear (205) to rotate through the speed reducer I (204). The gear (205) generates relative movement with the engaged rack (206) to drive the vehicle body (202) to move linearly. When the wheel on the wheel inspection and transportation device reaches the set inspection station, the motor (203) stops working. Step 3. The frequency conversion motor (404) of the inspection support mechanism (4) starts to rotate. The frequency conversion motor (404) drives the roller shaft (4022) to rotate through the speed reducer III (405) and the coupling (406), driving the rollers mounted on the roller shaft to rotate, thereby driving the wheel to rotate. Step 4. The inspector starts to conduct an appearance inspection on the wheel surface facing himself. Step 5. After the inspection is completed, the frequency conversion motor (404) of the inspection support mechanism (4) stops rotating, and the wheel is in a static state. The servo motor (301), speed reducer II (302), and coupling (304) of the rotating mechanism (3) drive the worm (306) to drive the worm gear (305) and the turntable (309) fixed to the worm gear (305) to rotate 180 degrees, thereby driving the inspection support mechanism (4) fixed to the rotating mechanism (3) to rotate 180 degrees, that is, the other side of the wheel to be inspected for appearance faces the inspector. Step 6. The frequency conversion motor (404) of the inspection support mechanism (4) starts to rotate. The frequency conversion motor (404) drives the roller shaft (4022) to rotate through the speed reducer III (405) and the coupling (406), driving the rollers on the roller shaft (4022) to rotate, thereby driving the wheel to rotate. Step 7. The inspector starts to conduct an appearance inspection on the wheel surface facing himself. Step 8. After the inspection is completed, the frequency conversion motor (404) of the inspection support mechanism (4) stops rotating, and the wheel is in a static state. Step 9. After receiving the signal, the servo motor (301) of the rotating mechanism (3) drives the worm (306) to drive the worm gear (305) and the turntable (309) fixed to the worm gear (305) to rotate 180 degrees, thereby driving the inspection support mechanism (4) fixed to the rotating mechanism (3) to rotate 180 degrees and return to the original position. Step 10. Immediately, the motor (203) of the transportation mechanism (2) drives the gear (205) to rotate through the speed reducer I (204), generates relative movement with the engaged rack (206), and drives the vehicle body (202) back directly below the truss manipulator. Step 10. The truss manipulator picks up the wheel that has undergone the appearance inspection and sends it to the next station, and one working cycle ends.

Images