Methods, apparatus, equipment and storage media for deep-sea sedimentary paleotopographic slope analysis

Abstract

This invention discloses a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for analyzing the paleotopographic slope of deep-sea sediments. The method includes: acquiring three-dimensional seismic data of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed; acquiring the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern map of the deep-sea sediment based on the three-dimensional seismic data; determining the paleotopographic slope orientation of the deep-sea sediment based on the channel distribution pattern map; and calculating the paleotopographic slope magnitude of the deep-sea sediment based on the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern map. Using this invention, the orientation and magnitude of the paleotopographic slope of deep-sea sediments can be quantitatively determined without well calibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas exploration and development technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment and storage medium for deep-sea sedimentary paleotopographic slope analysis. Background Technology

[0002] Paleotopography is one of the main factors controlling the development and distribution of sedimentary facies. To a certain extent, it controls the type and distribution of sedimentary systems, the formation and development of sequence stratigraphy, and the distribution of high-quality reservoirs and oil and gas reservoirs. Detailed paleotopographic studies play a crucial guiding role in oil and gas exploration. With the current trend of oil and gas exploration and development moving towards the deep sea, deep-sea sedimentology and submarine geomorphology have become one of the hot research areas, and the study of deep-sea paleotopography is a particularly important aspect. Given the significant control that paleotopographic slope has on sedimentary morphology and the evolution of sedimentary systems, the study of deep-sea paleotopographic slope provides support for the advancement of deep-sea sedimentology.

[0003] The main areas of deep-sea sedimentation are generally located in the deep-sea shelf slope zone, which has high exploration risks. Early data available was mainly seismic data, with no drilling data available for calibration. Currently, calculating the paleotopographic slope of sedimentary deposits remains a research challenge, especially in the early stages of deep-sea sedimentary research, where it is difficult to determine the paleotopographic slope without drilling data calibration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that it is difficult to determine the slope of deep-sea sedimentary paleotopography without drilling data calibration in the prior art.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium for deep-sea sedimentary paleotopographic slope analysis.

[0006] A method for analyzing the slope of deep-sea sedimentary paleotopography includes:

[0007] Obtain three-dimensional seismic data of the deep-sea sediments to be analyzed;

[0008] Based on the three-dimensional seismic data, the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed are obtained;

[0009] Based on the waterway distribution pattern map, determine the paleotopographic slope orientation of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed;

[0010] Based on the top structural surface and the channel distribution pattern diagram, the paleotopographic slope of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed is determined.

[0011] In one embodiment, obtaining the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern map of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed based on the three-dimensional seismic data includes:

[0012] Based on the aforementioned three-dimensional seismic data, the top structural surface of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed is obtained through structural interpretation;

[0013] Using the top structural surface as the reference surface, the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map of the earthquake is extracted according to the preset time window;

[0014] The waterway distribution pattern is obtained based on the earthquake root mean square amplitude attribute plane map.

[0015] In one embodiment, determining the paleotopographic slope orientation of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed based on the waterway distribution pattern map includes:

[0016] Based on the aforementioned waterway distribution pattern diagram, the centerline of the waterway is extracted as the streamline of the waterway;

[0017] According to the direction of the waterway's material source, select the first point and the second point from the flow line in sequence. Take the line connecting the first point and the second point as the slope segment, calculate the azimuth angle of the slope segment relative to the preset zero-degree direction, and obtain the paleotopographic slope azimuth corresponding to the slope segment.

[0018] In one embodiment, there are multiple slope segments.

[0019] In one embodiment, determining the paleotopographic slope of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed based on the top structural surface and the channel distribution pattern map includes:

[0020] Based on the top structural surface and the slope segment, the seismic amplitude profile is extracted;

[0021] Based on the earthquake amplitude profile, extract the waterway downcut valley envelope corresponding to the slope segment;

[0022] The paleotopic slope corresponding to the slope segment is calculated based on the valley envelope of the waterway.

[0023] In one embodiment, calculating the paleotopic slope corresponding to the slope segment based on the waterway incision valley envelope includes:

[0024] Calculate the curvature of each point in the envelope of the waterway's downcut valley, and determine the point with the maximum curvature in the envelope of the waterway's downcut valley based on the curvature.

[0025] The slope line of the waterway's tangent valley envelope is determined based on the location of the maximum curvature.

[0026] Calculate the angle of the slope line relative to the horizontal direction to obtain the paleotopic slope size corresponding to the slope segment.

[0027] A deep-sea sedimentary paleotopographic slope analysis device includes:

[0028] The data acquisition module is used to acquire three-dimensional seismic data of the deep-sea sediments to be analyzed.

[0029] The data processing module is used to obtain the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern map of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed based on the three-dimensional seismic data;

[0030] The orientation determination module is used to determine the orientation of the paleotopographic slope of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed based on the waterway distribution pattern map.

[0031] The slope calculation module is used to calculate the paleotopographic slope of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed based on the top structural surface and the channel distribution pattern diagram.

[0032] In one embodiment, the data processing module includes:

[0033] The structural interpretation unit is used to obtain the top structural surface of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed through structural interpretation based on the three-dimensional seismic data.

[0034] The plan view extraction unit is used to extract the earthquake root mean square amplitude attribute plan view based on the top structural surface as the reference surface and according to a preset time window.

[0035] The pattern acquisition unit is used to obtain a waterway distribution pattern based on the earthquake root mean square amplitude attribute plane map.

[0036] A computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor, when executing the computer program, performs the following steps:

[0037] Obtain three-dimensional seismic data of the deep-sea sediments to be analyzed;

[0038] Based on the three-dimensional seismic data, the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed are obtained;

[0039] Based on the waterway distribution pattern map, determine the paleotopographic slope orientation of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed;

[0040] Based on the top structural surface and the channel distribution pattern diagram, the paleotopographic slope of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed is determined.

[0041] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program performing the following steps when executed by a processor:

[0042] Obtain three-dimensional seismic data of the deep-sea sediments to be analyzed;

[0043] Based on the three-dimensional seismic data, the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed are obtained;

[0044] Based on the waterway distribution pattern map, determine the paleotopographic slope orientation of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed;

[0045] Based on the top structural surface and the channel distribution pattern diagram, the paleotopographic slope of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed is determined.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, one or more embodiments of the above solutions may have the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0047] For deep-sea sedimentary environments, based on 3D seismic data and the distribution pattern map of deep-sea sedimentary channels, the orientation and magnitude of paleotopographic slope are determined, enabling quantitative determination of the orientation and magnitude of deep-sea sedimentary paleotopographic slope without well calibration.

[0048] By applying the above scheme, it is possible to study paleotopography in the early stages of exploration using only seismic information, providing necessary evidence for the study of the evolution of deep-sea sedimentary systems and helping to analyze the evolution process and controlling factors of deep-sea sedimentary systems. Attached Figure Description

[0049] The scope of this disclosure can be better understood by reading the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are:

[0050] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for analyzing the slope of deep-sea sedimentary paleotopography in one embodiment;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the waterway distribution pattern in one embodiment;

[0052] Figure 3 Here is a streamline diagram of the waterway in one embodiment;

[0053] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The waveform diagram is shown as an analogy to the streamlines of the waterway.

[0054] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the waterway's tangential valley envelope in one embodiment;

[0055] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ancient terrain slope angle in one embodiment;

[0056] Figure 7 This is a flowchart summarizing the processing flow of a deep-sea sedimentary paleotopographic slope analysis method in one embodiment;

[0057] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of a deep-sea sedimentary paleotopographic slope analysis device in one embodiment;

[0058] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the paleotopographic slope of three deep-sea sedimentary sections in an oil field in the Congo Basin of West Africa, obtained using this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the implementation method of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that the process of how the present invention uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly.

[0060] Paleotopography is one of the main factors controlling the development and distribution of sedimentary facies. To a certain extent, it controls the type and distribution of sedimentary systems, the formation and development of sequence stratigraphy, and the distribution of high-quality reservoirs and oil and gas reservoirs. Detailed paleotopographic studies play a crucial guiding role in oil and gas exploration. With the current trend of oil and gas exploration and development moving towards the deep sea, deep-sea sedimentology and submarine geomorphology have become one of the hot research areas, and the study of deep-sea paleotopography is a particularly important aspect. Given the significant controlling effect of paleotopographic slope on sedimentary morphology and the evolution of sedimentary systems, deepening the research on paleotopographic slope calculation methods will provide support for the development of deep-sea sedimentology.

[0061] In existing technologies, scholars have conducted some research on the slope of deep-sea paleotopography. For example, Xiao Kunze et al., taking the Neogene paleotectonic structure of the Yinggehai Basin as an example, proposed a proportional compensation method. Using the basin's current geomorphological features and stratigraphic thickness distribution as basic data, and determining the local paleosea depth using single-well data as a constraint, they reconstructed the paleosea depth, which can be applied to the reconstruction of basin-level paleotectonic geomorphology. Yang Xu, taking the Bayanhushu Depression as an example, reconstructed its prototype basin by calculating the true thickness of residual strata, restoring erosion, and analyzing tectonic evolution characteristics. Jiu Kai, Xu Bin et al., reviewed paleotopographic reconstruction methods, believing that current paleotopographic reconstruction mainly remains at the relative paleotopographic reconstruction and qualitative-semi-quantitative stages, and that quantitative paleotopographic research is an inevitable trend for future development. Chen Fei et al., based on drilling data and seismic tectonic interpretation data, flattened the topographic slope of the geological body by measuring the marker layer at the top of the sedimentary geological body, and preliminarily calculated the topographic slope of the geological body based on horizontal distance and well point elevation difference, thus achieving a preliminary quantitative study of paleotopographic slope.

[0062] In summary, the current state of technology in this field is as follows: existing paleotopographic reconstruction methods lack sufficient quantification and computational methods for situations without well calibration. Most existing paleotopographic reconstruction methods are based on marker layer flattening, employing methods such as sedimentary ratio compensation and erosion recovery. However, stable sedimentary marker layers from geological history are difficult to develop, and even when they do, they are mainly distributed in large, thick layers with significant vertical spans, resulting in low accuracy of topographic slope calculations based on these interfaces. Furthermore, the main areas of deep-sea sedimentation are located in the deep-sea shelf slope zone, which carries high exploration risks. Early available data primarily consisted of seismic data, lacking well calibration. Methods for paleotopographic research relying solely on 3D seismic data have not yet been reported.

[0063] Based on this, the present invention provides a scheme for analyzing the paleotopographic slope of deep-sea sediments, which solves the problem of difficulty in obtaining paleoseafloor topographic slope under conditions of few or no well data in the deep sea, and serves deep-sea oil and gas geological exploration and sedimentological research.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] In one embodiment, a method for analyzing the paleotopographic slope of deep-sea sedimentary landforms is provided, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0066] S110: Obtain 3D seismic data of the deep-sea sediments to be analyzed.

[0067] Sedimentary facies under deep-sea conditions typically have high-resolution (accurate) seismic data, which can clearly reflect the distribution characteristics of channel sediments. Specifically, for deep-sea sediments requiring analysis of paleotopographic slope, high-resolution 3D seismic data are selected.

[0068] S130: Based on 3D seismic data, obtain the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed.

[0069] Among them, the channel distribution pattern map is a map reflecting the distribution characteristics of channels in deep-sea sediments. Deep-sea sediment types are generally dominated by turbidite channels. Specifically, the top structural surface of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed can be obtained based on high-resolution 3D seismic data. The channel distribution pattern map is then obtained by processing the top structural surface, thereby obtaining the planar distribution characteristics of turbidite channels based on high-resolution seismic attributes.

[0070] S150: Based on the waterway distribution pattern map, determine the paleotopographic slope orientation of the deep-sea sediments to be analyzed.

[0071] Among them, paleotopographic slope orientation is data characterizing the tilt direction of paleotopography in deep-sea sediments. The planar distribution of waterways in deep-sea sediments is generally tortuous, with varying slopes at different locations. Specifically, the slope segment to be analyzed in the deep-sea sediment can be determined based on a waterway pattern distribution map, and the paleotopographic slope orientation of that segment can be determined. The number of slope segments to be analyzed can be one or more.

[0072] S170: Based on the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern diagram, determine the paleotopographic slope of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed.

[0073] Specifically, the slope segment to be analyzed can be determined based on the waterway distribution pattern map, the seismic amplitude profile corresponding to the slope segment to be analyzed can be obtained based on the top structural surface, and the paleotopographic slope of the slope segment to be analyzed can be determined based on the seismic amplitude profile.

[0074] The aforementioned method for analyzing the paleotopographic slope of deep-sea sedimentary environments, based on 3D seismic data and using a map of deep-sea sedimentary channel distribution patterns, determines the orientation and magnitude of the paleotopographic slope. This allows for the quantitative determination of the orientation and magnitude of the paleotopographic slope in deep-sea sedimentary environments without well calibration. Applying this method enables the study of paleotopography in the early stages of exploration, relying solely on seismic information. It provides essential data for studying the evolution of deep-sea sedimentary systems and helps analyze the evolutionary processes and controlling factors of these systems.

[0075] Optionally, step S130 includes: obtaining the top structural surface of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed through structural interpretation based on three-dimensional seismic data; extracting the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map of the seismic data according to a preset time window using the top structural surface as the reference plane; and obtaining a channel distribution pattern map based on the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map of the seismic data.

[0076] The time window can be set to the required value according to actual needs. Different value ranges in the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map reflect the distribution patterns of deep-sea channels. Based on the channel distribution patterns reflected in the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map, a channel distribution pattern map can be drawn. By using 3D seismic data for structural interpretation and extracting the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map, a channel distribution pattern map reflecting the planar distribution characteristics of the channels can be accurately obtained.

[0077] For example, such as Figure 2 The image shows a waterway distribution pattern obtained from a plane map based on the root mean square amplitude attribute of earthquakes.

[0078] Optionally, step S150 includes step (a1) and step (a2).

[0079] Step (a1): Based on the waterway distribution pattern diagram, extract the centerline of the waterway as the streamline of the waterway.

[0080] A waterway distribution pattern diagram can reflect the curvature of the waterways. By extracting the centerline of the waterway, streamlines represented by curves can be obtained. The centerline refers to the line at the middle position in the width direction.

[0081] For example, based on Figure 2 The waterway distribution pattern diagram shown is used to extract the centerline of the waterway as the streamline, generating... Figure 3 The diagram shows the streamlines of the waterway. The streamlines exhibit certain sinusoidal curve characteristics. Analysis of the planar geometric elements of the streamlines reveals parameters such as the waterway's curvature, curvature arc length, and wavelength. The curvature of the turbidite channel can be likened to the propagation pattern of sound waves, with the wave propagation direction corresponding to the main current direction of the waterway, which is also the orientation of the ancient topographic slope. The propagation distance and direction of the wave can be represented by the wavelength λ (λ is measured in meters). Wavelength distance refers to the distance between the lines connecting two adjacent wave crests, troughs, or zero phases. The zero phase, i.e., points that are integer multiples of π, can be taken as the connection points for the wavelengths, such as... Figure 4 As shown.

[0082] Step (a2): Select the first point and the second point from the flow line according to the direction of the waterway source. Take the line connecting the first point and the second point as the slope segment. Calculate the azimuth angle of the slope segment relative to the preset zero-degree direction to obtain the paleotopographic slope azimuth corresponding to the slope segment.

[0083] According to the direction of the waterway's material source, first and second points are selected sequentially from the flow lines, i.e., the first point precedes the second point. Specifically, the line connecting the first and second points is taken as the slope segment to be analyzed. The azimuth angle of the slope segment to be analyzed relative to the preset zero-degree direction is calculated as the paleotopographic slope azimuth of the slope segment's location. The preset zero-degree direction can be pre-set according to the actual situation, for example, due north can be used as the preset zero-degree direction.

[0084] By selecting line segments within streamlines, the azimuth angle of these segments can be easily calculated, thus yielding the paleotopographic slope azimuth and enabling the calculation of paleotopographic slope azimuth based on the planar morphology of waterways. For example, referencing... Figure 3 Point A is the first point, and point B is the second point. The direction from point A to point B is the direction of the ancient topographic slope, expressed as an azimuth angle, ranging from 0 to 360 degrees, in degrees.

[0085] Optionally, there can be multiple slope segments. Correspondingly, there can be multiple first points and second points, with each pair corresponding to a different second point. The line connecting the first point and the corresponding second point constitutes a slope segment. For example, in... Figure 3 After point B, the first and second points can be selected. By selecting multiple slope segments, paleotopographic slope analysis can be performed at multiple locations.

[0086] Optionally, step S170 may include steps (b1) to (b3).

[0087] Step (b1): Extract the seismic amplitude profile based on the top structural surface and slope segment.

[0088] Specifically, the seismic amplitude profile corresponding to the slope segment is extracted based on the top structural surface.

[0089] Step (b2): Extract the waterway incision valley envelope corresponding to the slope segment based on the seismic amplitude profile.

[0090] Among them, the envelope of the channel's downcut valley is an envelope with concave characteristics. Because turbidite channels exhibit significant downcutting features during their formation, they show distinct concave characteristics on seismic amplitude profiles, such as "U" or "V" shapes, and internally display medium to strong amplitude, parallel or wavy seismic reflections with good continuity. Based on the seismic amplitude profile and the clearly defined reflection morphology of the downcut channel, the envelope of the channel's downcut valley can be obtained. For example... Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the envelope of the waterway's incision valley includes two "U" shapes.

[0091] Step (b3): ​​Calculate the paleotopic slope corresponding to the slope segment based on the waterway incision valley envelope.

[0092] The envelope of the channel downcut valley reflects the downcut valley pattern of the profile. By calculating the paleotopographic slope based on the envelope of the channel downcut valley, the slope of the deep-sea sedimentary paleotopography can be quantitatively calculated.

[0093] Optionally, step (b3) includes steps (b31) to (b33).

[0094] Step (b31): Calculate the curvature of each point in the envelope of the waterway downcut valley, and determine the point with the maximum curvature in the envelope of the waterway downcut valley based on the curvature.

[0095] The point of maximum curvature is the point within the envelope of the channel's downcut valley where the curvature is greatest. Typically, the point of maximum curvature represents the deepest point of the channel's downcut, such as... Figure 6 Points C and D are considered. Specifically, mathematical geometric algorithms can be used to calculate the curvature of each point, and then the point with the maximum curvature can be selected.

[0096] Step (b32): Determine the slope line of the waterway's incline valley envelope based on the point of maximum curvature.

[0097] The envelope of a waterway downcut can correspond to one point of maximum curvature or multiple points of maximum curvature. In the case of multiple points of maximum curvature, taking two points as an example, these points can be connected by straight line segments to obtain the slope line of the waterway downcut envelope. For example... Figure 6 The line connecting points C and D. In the case of a point with maximum curvature, it can be the tangent line at that point, serving as the slope line of the valley envelope.

[0098] Step (b33): Calculate the angle of the slope line relative to the horizontal direction to obtain the paleotopic slope size corresponding to the slope segment.

[0099] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, by extending the two determined points of maximum curvature along the vertical and horizontal straight lines respectively, we obtain... Figure 6 A triangle is used for calculating paleotopographic slope. Then, the paleotopographic slope angle is defined as θ, ranging from 0 to 90 degrees, in degrees. It is calculated using the arctangent function of the triangle: slope angle θ = arctan(H / L), where H is the vertical height of the intersection line of two points of maximum curvature, and L is the horizontal distance between the two points of maximum curvature. Based on this, the magnitude of the paleotopographic slope in the region can be calculated. By processing the envelope of the waterway incision valley, the slope reflected by the waterway incision valley envelope can be accurately calculated, thus accurately obtaining the paleotopographic slope of the slope segment.

[0100] This invention is mainly aimed at deep-sea turbidite depositional environments. In the absence of well data, it uses the distribution characteristics of turbidite channels reflected by high-frequency seismic information to quantitatively calculate the paleotopographic slope of sedimentary structures. This provides a method for studying paleotopography in the early stages of exploration by relying solely on seismic information, and provides necessary basis for the study of the evolution of deep-sea sedimentary systems.

[0101] like Figure 7 The diagram shown is a flowchart summarizing the processing flow of a deep-sea sedimentary paleotopographic slope analysis method in a specific embodiment.

[0102] It should be understood that, although Figure 1 The steps in the flowchart are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, but these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order in which these steps are executed, and they can be performed in other orders. Figure 1 At least some of the steps in the process may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but may be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages in other steps.

[0103] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, or optical storage, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM), etc.

[0104] Example 2

[0105] like Figure 8 As shown, a deep-sea sedimentary paleotopographic slope analysis device is provided, including a data acquisition module 810, a data processing module 830, an orientation determination module 850, and a slope calculation module 870.

[0106] The data acquisition module 810 is used to acquire 3D seismic data of the deep-sea sediments to be analyzed. Sedimentary facies under deep-sea conditions typically have high-resolution (accurate) seismic data, which can clearly reflect the distribution characteristics of channel sediments. Specifically, for deep-sea sediments requiring analysis of paleotopographic slope, high-resolution 3D seismic data is selected.

[0107] The data processing module 830 is used to acquire the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern map of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed based on 3D seismic data. The channel distribution pattern map reflects the channel distribution characteristics of the deep-sea sediment. Deep-sea sediments are generally dominated by turbidite channels. Specifically, the top structural surface of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed can be acquired based on high-resolution 3D seismic data, and the channel distribution pattern map can be obtained by processing the top structural surface, thereby acquiring the planar distribution characteristics of turbidite channels based on high-resolution seismic attributes.

[0108] The orientation determination module 850 is used to determine the paleotopographic slope orientation of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed based on the channel distribution pattern map. The paleotopographic slope orientation is data characterizing the tilt direction of the paleotopography of the deep-sea sediment. The planar distribution of channels in deep-sea sediments is generally tortuous, with different slopes at different locations. Specifically, it can determine the slope segment to be analyzed in the deep-sea sediment based on the channel pattern distribution map, and then determine the paleotopographic slope orientation of the slope segment to be analyzed. The number of slope segments to be analyzed can be one or more.

[0109] The slope calculation module 870 is used to calculate the paleotopographic slope of the deep-sea sediments to be analyzed based on the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern diagram.

[0110] Specifically, the slope segment to be analyzed can be determined based on the waterway distribution pattern map, the seismic amplitude profile corresponding to the slope segment to be analyzed can be obtained based on the top structural surface, and the paleotopographic slope of the slope segment to be analyzed can be determined based on the seismic amplitude profile.

[0111] The aforementioned deep-sea sedimentary paleotopographic slope analysis device, designed for deep-sea sedimentary environments, utilizes 3D seismic data and a map of deep-sea sedimentary channel distribution patterns to determine the orientation and magnitude of paleotopographic slope. This allows for the quantitative determination of the orientation and magnitude of deep-sea sedimentary paleotopographic slope without well calibration. Applying this device enables early-stage exploration studies of paleotopography based solely on seismic information, providing essential data for the study of deep-sea sedimentary system evolution and aiding in the analysis of the evolutionary process and controlling factors of deep-sea sedimentary systems.

[0112] Optionally, the data processing module 830 includes: a structural interpretation unit (not shown), a planar map extraction unit (not shown), and a pattern map acquisition unit (not shown). The structural interpretation unit is used to obtain the top structural surface of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed through structural interpretation based on 3D seismic data. The planar map extraction unit is used to extract a planar map of the root mean square amplitude attribute of seismic waves according to a preset time window, using the top structural surface as a reference surface. The pattern map acquisition unit is used to obtain a channel distribution pattern map based on the planar map of the root mean square amplitude attribute of seismic waves.

[0113] The time window can be set to the required value according to actual needs. Different value ranges in the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map reflect the distribution patterns of deep-sea channels. Based on the channel distribution patterns reflected in the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map, a channel distribution pattern map can be drawn. By using 3D seismic data for structural interpretation and extracting the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map, a channel distribution pattern map reflecting the planar distribution characteristics of the channels can be accurately obtained.

[0114] Optionally, the orientation determination module 850 is used to extract the centerline of the waterway as the streamline of the waterway based on the waterway distribution pattern map; select the first point and the second point from the streamline in sequence according to the source direction of the waterway, take the line connecting the first point and the second point as the slope segment, calculate the azimuth angle of the slope segment relative to the preset zero-degree direction, and obtain the paleotopographic slope orientation corresponding to the slope segment.

[0115] By selecting line segments in the streamline, the azimuth angle of the line segments can be easily calculated, thereby obtaining the paleotopographic slope azimuth and realizing the calculation of paleotopographic slope azimuth based on the planar morphology of waterways.

[0116] Optionally, there can be multiple slope segments. Correspondingly, there can be multiple first points and second points, with each pair corresponding to a different second point. The line connecting the first point and the corresponding second point constitutes a slope segment. For example, in... Figure 3 After point B, the first and second points can be selected. By selecting multiple slope segments, paleotopographic slope analysis can be performed at multiple locations.

[0117] Optionally, the slope calculation module 870 is used to: extract seismic amplitude profiles based on the top structural surface and slope segment; extract the waterway downcut valley envelope corresponding to the slope segment based on the seismic amplitude profile; and calculate the paleotopographic slope corresponding to the slope segment based on the waterway downcut valley envelope.

[0118] The envelope of the channel downcut valley reflects the downcut valley pattern of the profile. By calculating the paleotopographic slope based on the envelope of the channel downcut valley, the slope of the deep-sea sedimentary paleotopography can be quantitatively calculated.

[0119] Optionally, the slope calculation module 870 calculates the paleotopographic slope corresponding to the slope segment based on the waterway incision valley envelope, including: calculating the curvature of each point in the waterway incision valley envelope; determining the location of the maximum curvature in the waterway incision valley envelope based on the curvature; determining the slope line of the waterway incision valley envelope based on the location of the maximum curvature; and calculating the angle of the slope line relative to the horizontal direction to obtain the paleotopographic slope corresponding to the slope segment.

[0120] By processing the envelope of the waterway incision valley, the slope reflected by the waterway incision valley envelope can be accurately calculated, thereby accurately obtaining the paleotopographic slope of the slope segment.

[0121] Specific limitations regarding the deep-sea sedimentary paleotopographic slope analysis device can be found in the limitations of the deep-sea sedimentary paleotopographic slope analysis method described above, and will not be repeated here. Each module in the aforementioned deep-sea sedimentary paleotopographic slope analysis device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in a computer device in hardware form, or stored in the memory of a computer device in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each module. It should be noted that the module division in this embodiment is illustrative and only represents a logical functional division; other division methods may be used in actual implementation.

[0122] Example 3

[0123] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to perform the following steps:

[0124] Step 1: Obtain 3D seismic data of the deep-sea sediments to be analyzed.

[0125] Step 2: Obtain the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern map of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed based on 3D seismic data.

[0126] Step 3: Determine the paleotopographic slope and orientation of the deep-sea sediments to be analyzed based on the waterway distribution pattern map.

[0127] Step 4: Based on the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern diagram, determine the paleotopographic slope of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed.

[0128] The aforementioned computer equipment, by executing the above steps, determines the orientation and magnitude of the paleotopographic slope based on three-dimensional seismic data and the distribution pattern map of deep-sea sedimentary channels, thus enabling the quantitative determination of the orientation and magnitude of the paleotopographic slope of deep-sea sedimentary landforms without well calibration.

[0129] Optionally, when the processor executes the computer program, step two includes: obtaining the top structural surface of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed through structural interpretation based on three-dimensional seismic data; extracting the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map of the seismic data according to a preset time window using the top structural surface as the reference plane; and obtaining a channel distribution pattern map based on the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map of the seismic data.

[0130] The time window can be set to the required value according to actual needs. Different value ranges in the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map reflect the distribution patterns of deep-sea channels. Based on the channel distribution patterns reflected in the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map, a channel distribution pattern map can be drawn. By using 3D seismic data for structural interpretation and extracting the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map, a channel distribution pattern map reflecting the planar distribution characteristics of the channels can be accurately obtained.

[0131] Optionally, when the processor executes the computer program, step three includes: based on the waterway distribution pattern map, extracting the centerline of the waterway as the streamline of the waterway; selecting the first point and the second point from the streamline in sequence according to the source direction of the waterway, taking the line connecting the first point to the second point as the slope segment, calculating the azimuth angle of the slope segment relative to the preset zero-degree direction, and obtaining the paleotopographic slope azimuth corresponding to the slope segment.

[0132] By selecting line segments in the streamline, the azimuth angle of the line segments can be easily calculated, thereby obtaining the paleotopographic slope azimuth and realizing the calculation of paleotopographic slope azimuth based on the planar morphology of waterways.

[0133] Optionally, there can be multiple slope segments. Correspondingly, there can be multiple first points and second points, with each pair corresponding to a different second point. The line connecting the first point and the corresponding second point constitutes a slope segment. For example, in... Figure 3 After point B, the first and second points can be selected. By selecting multiple slope segments, paleotopographic slope analysis can be performed at multiple locations.

[0134] Optionally, when the processor executes the computer program, step four includes: extracting seismic amplitude profiles based on the top structural surface and slope segment; extracting the waterway downcut valley envelope corresponding to the slope segment based on the seismic amplitude profile; and calculating the paleotopographic slope corresponding to the slope segment based on the waterway downcut valley envelope.

[0135] The envelope of the channel downcut valley reflects the downcut valley pattern of the profile. By calculating the paleotopographic slope based on the envelope of the channel downcut valley, the slope of the deep-sea sedimentary paleotopography can be quantitatively calculated.

[0136] Optionally, when the processor executes the computer program, step four, which calculates the paleotopographic slope corresponding to the slope segment based on the envelope of the waterway incision valley, includes: obtaining the curvature of each point in the envelope of the waterway incision valley; determining the location point with the maximum curvature in the envelope of the waterway incision valley based on the curvature; determining the slope line of the envelope of the waterway incision valley based on the location point with the maximum curvature; and calculating the angle of the slope line relative to the horizontal direction to obtain the paleotopographic slope corresponding to the slope segment.

[0137] Example 4

[0138] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:

[0139] Obtain 3D seismic data of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed; based on the 3D seismic data, obtain the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern map of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed; based on the channel distribution pattern map, determine the paleotopographic slope orientation of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed; based on the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern map, calculate the paleotopographic slope of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed.

[0140] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium, by executing the above steps, determines the orientation and magnitude of paleotopographic slope based on three-dimensional seismic data and the distribution pattern map of deep-sea sedimentary channels, thus achieving quantitative determination of the orientation and magnitude of paleotopographic slope in deep-sea sedimentary environments without well calibration.

[0141] Optionally, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of obtaining the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern map of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed based on three-dimensional seismic data include: obtaining the top structural surface of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed through structural interpretation based on three-dimensional seismic data; extracting the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map of seismic data based on the top structural surface and according to a preset time window; and obtaining the channel distribution pattern map based on the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map of seismic data.

[0142] The time window can be set to the required value according to actual needs. Different value ranges in the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map reflect the distribution patterns of deep-sea channels. Based on the channel distribution patterns reflected in the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map, a channel distribution pattern map can be drawn. By using 3D seismic data for structural interpretation and extracting the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map, a channel distribution pattern map reflecting the planar distribution characteristics of the channels can be accurately obtained.

[0143] Optionally, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the step of determining the paleotopographic slope orientation of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed based on the channel distribution pattern map includes: extracting the centerline of the channel as the streamline of the channel based on the channel distribution pattern map; selecting a first point and a second point from the streamline according to the source direction of the channel, taking the line connecting the first point and the second point as the slope segment, calculating the azimuth angle of the slope segment relative to the preset zero-degree direction, and obtaining the paleotopographic slope orientation corresponding to the slope segment.

[0144] By selecting line segments in the streamline, the azimuth angle of the line segments can be easily calculated, thereby obtaining the paleotopographic slope azimuth and realizing the calculation of paleotopographic slope azimuth based on the planar morphology of waterways.

[0145] Optionally, there can be multiple slope segments. Correspondingly, there can be multiple first points and second points, with each pair corresponding to a different second point. The line connecting the first point and the corresponding second point constitutes a slope segment. For example, in... Figure 3 After point B, the first and second points can be selected. By selecting multiple slope segments, paleotopographic slope analysis can be performed at multiple locations.

[0146] Optionally, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps for determining the paleotopographic slope of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed based on the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern map include: extracting seismic amplitude profiles based on the top structural surface and slope segments; extracting the channel downcut valley envelope corresponding to the slope segment based on the seismic amplitude profile; and calculating the paleotopographic slope corresponding to the slope segment based on the channel downcut valley envelope.

[0147] The envelope of the channel downcut valley reflects the downcut valley pattern of the profile. By calculating the paleotopographic slope based on the envelope of the channel downcut valley, the slope of the deep-sea sedimentary paleotopography can be quantitatively calculated.

[0148] Optionally, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of calculating the paleotopographic slope corresponding to the slope segment based on the envelope of the waterway incision valley include: obtaining the curvature of each point in the envelope of the waterway incision valley; determining the location point with the maximum curvature in the envelope of the waterway incision valley based on the curvature; determining the slope line of the envelope of the waterway incision valley based on the location point with the maximum curvature; and calculating the angle of the slope line relative to the horizontal direction to obtain the paleotopographic slope corresponding to the slope segment.

[0149] Example 5

[0150] This invention has been effectively applied in the P oilfield of the Lower Congo Basin in West Africa, and good results have been achieved in the testing of the P oilfield. The deep-sea channel sediments in the Lower Congo Basin of West Africa are mainly developed in the Oligocene and Miocene strata of the Neogene. Since the deposition, there has been no drastic tectonic movement, therefore, the paleotopographic slope has not changed significantly.

[0151] First, shallow high-frequency seismic data were selected to extract a root-mean-square amplitude (RMS) attribute plane map that clearly reflects the distribution of deep-sea turbidite channels, revealing the channel's planar distribution and its distinct tortuous characteristics. Based on the differences in channel tortuous morphology, the channels were divided into three segments along the sediment source direction. For each segment, a trend line was derived based on the streamline morphology of the turbidite channel plane to obtain the paleocurrent direction, which was then used as the azimuth of the paleotopographic slope. The paleotopographic slope azimuth of segment ① was 135°, segment ② was 140°, and segment ③ was 150°. This result indicates that the paleotopographic tilt azimuth is not constant but migrates and changes with different locations, reflecting the complexity of deep-sea topography.

[0152] Secondly, for each segment, a seismic profile along the paleocurrent direction of the turbidite channel, i.e., the paleotopographic slope orientation, was selected to interpret the turbidite channel incision valley envelope and calculate the curvature at each point on the envelope. Two points with maximum curvature of the incision valley envelope were connected, and horizontal and vertical lines were extended along these points to obtain their intersections. The vertical height and horizontal distance between the two points of maximum curvature were measured, and the required paleotopographic slope angle was calculated using the arctangent function. The calculation results show that the paleotopographic slope angle for segment ① is 2.14°, for segment ② it is 5.63°, and for segment ③ it is 3.43°. Figure 9 As shown, the slope angle of the ancient topography also varies with different locations and corresponds to the different degrees of curvature of the waterways.

[0153] The calculation results of the above examples show that the changes in paleotopographic slope reveal differences in the curvature of deep-sea channels, which is consistent with the evolution of deep-sea sedimentary systems and further illustrates the accuracy and rationality of the present invention.

[0154] The rationale for this invention was verified through a case study conducted in an oil field in the Congo Basin deep in West Africa. This invention also has good applicability to research on both deep-sea paleogeography and contemporary terrestrial geomorphology.

[0155] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0156] While the embodiments disclosed in this invention are as described above, the content is merely for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make any modifications and changes in form and detail of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed herein; however, the scope of protection of this invention shall still be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing the slope of deep-sea sedimentary paleotopography, characterized in that, include: Obtain three-dimensional seismic data of the deep-sea sediments to be analyzed; Based on the three-dimensional seismic data, the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed are obtained; Based on the waterway distribution pattern map, determine the paleotopographic slope orientation of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed; Based on the top structural surface and the channel distribution pattern diagram, the paleotopographic slope of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed is determined; The process of obtaining the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern map of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed based on the three-dimensional seismic data includes: Based on the aforementioned three-dimensional seismic data, the top structural surface of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed is obtained through structural interpretation; Using the top structural surface as the reference surface, the root mean square amplitude attribute plane map of the earthquake is extracted according to the preset time window; A waterway distribution pattern diagram is obtained based on the earthquake root mean square amplitude attribute plane map; The step of determining the paleotopographic slope orientation of the deep-sea sediments to be analyzed based on the waterway distribution pattern map includes: Based on the aforementioned waterway distribution pattern diagram, the centerline of the waterway is extracted as the streamline of the waterway; According to the direction of the waterway's material source, select the first point and the second point from the flow line in sequence, take the line connecting the first point and the second point as the slope segment, calculate the azimuth angle of the slope segment relative to the preset zero-degree direction, and obtain the paleotopographic slope azimuth corresponding to the slope segment; The step of determining the paleotopographic slope of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed based on the top structural surface and the channel distribution pattern map includes: Based on the top structural surface and the slope segment, the seismic amplitude profile is extracted; Based on the earthquake amplitude profile, extract the waterway downcut valley envelope corresponding to the slope segment; Calculate the paleotopic slope corresponding to the slope segment based on the valley envelope of the waterway; The calculation of the paleotopographic slope corresponding to the slope segment based on the valley envelope of the waterway includes: Calculate the curvature of each point in the envelope of the waterway's downcut valley, and determine the point with the maximum curvature in the envelope of the waterway's downcut valley based on the curvature. The slope line of the waterway's tangent valley envelope is determined based on the location of the maximum curvature. Calculate the angle of the slope line relative to the horizontal direction to obtain the paleotopic slope size corresponding to the slope segment.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple slope sections.

3. A deep-sea sedimentary paleotopographic slope analysis device, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire three-dimensional seismic data of the deep-sea sediments to be analyzed. The data processing module is used to obtain the top structural surface and channel distribution pattern map of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed based on the three-dimensional seismic data. The orientation determination module is used to determine the orientation of the paleotopographic slope of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed based on the waterway distribution pattern map. The slope calculation module is used to calculate the paleotopographic slope of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed based on the top structural surface and the channel distribution pattern diagram. The data processing module includes: The structural interpretation unit is used to obtain the top structural surface of the deep-sea sediment to be analyzed through structural interpretation based on the three-dimensional seismic data. The plan view extraction unit is used to extract the earthquake root mean square amplitude attribute plan view according to a preset time window, with the top structural surface as the reference surface. The pattern diagram acquisition unit is used to obtain a waterway distribution pattern diagram based on the earthquake root mean square amplitude attribute plane diagram. The orientation determination module is used for: Based on the aforementioned waterway distribution pattern diagram, the centerline of the waterway is extracted as the streamline of the waterway; According to the direction of the waterway's material source, select the first point and the second point from the flow line in sequence, take the line connecting the first point and the second point as the slope segment, calculate the azimuth angle of the slope segment relative to the preset zero-degree direction, and obtain the paleotopographic slope azimuth corresponding to the slope segment; The slope calculation module is used for: Based on the top structural surface and the slope segment, the seismic amplitude profile is extracted; Based on the earthquake amplitude profile, extract the waterway downcut valley envelope corresponding to the slope segment; Calculate the paleotopic slope corresponding to the slope segment based on the valley envelope of the waterway; The slope calculation module is used for: Calculate the curvature of each point in the envelope of the waterway's downcut valley, and determine the point with the maximum curvature in the envelope of the waterway's downcut valley based on the curvature. The slope line of the waterway's tangent valley envelope is determined based on the location of the maximum curvature. Calculate the angle of the slope line relative to the horizontal direction to obtain the paleotopic slope size corresponding to the slope segment.

4. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 2.

5. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 2.

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