A heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of super-large-sized metal billets

Abstract

The present invention relates to a heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of super-large-sized metal billets, and relates to the technical field of metal processing. It includes a pressure-bearing base, a furnace shell arranged in sections, a cooling water circulation system, and a temperature control device; a plurality of furnace shells are arranged at the top of the pressure-bearing base, the cooling water circulation system is arranged on one side of the pressure-bearing base and is communicated with the pressure-bearing base; the metal billets are placed in a stacked manner above the pressure-bearing base; a plurality of electric heating wires longitudinally distributed are evenly installed inside the furnace shell, and the electric heating wires are electrically connected to the temperature control device for adjusting the heating temperature of the metal billets. The present invention can heat metal billets of different heights by adjusting the number of furnace shells, and heat the billets in a stepped heating and heat preservation manner according to different types of metal materials; by slowly pressing the pressure-applying frustum with a large press, the metal billets are pressed to perform hot pressing and diffusion compounding to achieve the combination between the billets, making the composition of the metal material containing easily segregated elements more uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, and particularly to a heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of extra-large metal billets. Background Art

[0002] There is an urgent need for extra-large processed materials in fields such as ocean, nuclear power, and chemical industry. Since the quality of forging and welding is poor, extra-large processed materials can reduce the weld seams during the manufacture of large equipment, thereby effectively improving the performance and service life of the equipment. The traditional idea of "manufacturing from large to small" in material preparation requires first preparing an ingot with a larger size than the processed material. However, the larger the ingot size during the melting of alloys containing elements prone to segregation, the more serious the composition segregation. At the same time, due to the limitation of the melting tonnage, the acquisition of extra-large ingots of titanium, steel, nickel, etc. is also restricted. The idea of "manufacturing from small to large" by using relatively small-sized metal billets for hot pressing and compounding to obtain extra-large processed materials is an important route for preparing extra-large metal billets at present. The key equipment in this route is the supporting heating device.

[0003] The hot pressing and compounding preparation method requires first heating the metal billet to a certain temperature and then holding it for a period of time, and then realizing thermal diffusion compounding under the pressure of a large press. During the pressing process, the metal billet needs to be continuously heated in the furnace to keep the temperature constant in order to prepare extra-large metal billets of dozens of tons or even hundreds of tons. At present, for extra-large metal billets, the existing heating furnaces in production are difficult to meet the requirements and cannot be used in combination with large presses. Especially when the height of the metal billet changes, it is impossible to heat it flexibly, which easily causes uneven heating and waste of resources. For example, commonly used hot isostatic pressing equipment is expensive and has a limited furnace cavity, and it cannot be transported under a large press for pressing, making the production process more complicated.

[0004] How to provide a heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of extra-large metal billets has become an urgent technical problem for those skilled in the art to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of extra-large metal billets to solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of extra-large metal billets, including: a pressure-bearing base, a furnace shell arranged in sections, a cooling water circulation system, and a temperature control device;

[0007] A plurality of the furnace shells are arranged at the top of the pressure-bearing base, the cooling water circulation system is arranged on one side of the pressure-bearing base and is communicated with the pressure-bearing base; the metal billets are placed in a stacked manner above the pressure-bearing base;

[0008] A plurality of electric heating wires longitudinally distributed are evenly installed inside the furnace shell, and the electric heating wires are electrically connected to the temperature control device for adjusting the heating temperature of the metal blank.

[0009] Furthermore, it further includes a furnace cover which is installed at the top end of the furnace shell during heating.

[0010] Furthermore, it further includes a pressurizing frustum which covers the top end of the metal blank during pressurization.

[0011] Furthermore, the temperature control device includes a wiring bin, a temperature sensor and an electric control cabinet. The wiring bin is installed on one side outside the furnace shell. A movable plug that can slide up and down is installed at the bottom of the wiring bin, and a three-phase socket that cooperates with the movable plug is arranged at the top; a bottom socket that cooperates with the movable plug is arranged above the bearing base, and the bottom socket is connected to the electric control cabinet through a power cord; a placement table is arranged at the central position on the bearing base, and the temperature sensor is installed inside the upper part of the placement table, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the electric control cabinet.

[0012] Furthermore, an ammeter, a voltmeter, a temperature setter and a button of a three-phase power supply are respectively arranged on the front of the electric control cabinet.

[0013] Furthermore, a convex ring is arranged at the top of the furnace shell, and a groove that matches the convex ring is arranged at the bottom.

[0014] Furthermore, heat-insulating materials are filled in the bearing base, inside the furnace shell and inside the furnace cover.

[0015] Furthermore, the cooling water circulation system includes a cooling water tank, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe and an air cooler. One end of the inlet pipe is connected to the cooling water tank, and the other end is connected to the water inlet of the bearing base, and a water pump is installed on the inlet pipe; one end of the outlet pipe is connected to the water outlet of the bearing base, and the other end is connected to the cooling water tank; an air cooler is installed on the cooling water tank, and a water changing port is arranged on the cooling water tank.

[0016] Furthermore, longitudinal and transverse reinforcing ribs are arranged outside the furnace shell to ensure the strength during the hoisting process.

[0017] Furthermore, lifting lugs are connected above the bearing base, around the furnace shell and above the furnace cover.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] The structure of the present invention is simple and easy to assemble. By adjusting the number of furnace shells, metal billets of different heights can be heated. According to different types of metal materials, the billets are heated in a stepped heating and heat preservation manner; the pressurized round table is slowly pressed by a large press, and the metal billets are subjected to hot pressing and diffusion compounding. While realizing the combination of the billets, the metal materials containing elements prone to segregation can have more uniform composition, and local small holes, porosity and other defects can also be eliminated. Super-large-sized homogeneous and heterogeneous metal billets of dozens to hundreds of tons can be constructed. In addition, the heating furnace also has the advantages of convenient lifting, simple structure and low cost. By combining multiple identical furnace shells, billets of any height can be heated. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is the general assembly schematic diagram of a heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of super-large-sized metal billets according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is the front view cross-sectional view when a heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of super-large-sized metal billets according to the present invention is used in combination with a large die forging press;

[0022] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the pressure-bearing base of a heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of super-large-sized metal billets according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the furnace shell of a heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of super-large-sized metal billets according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the electric control cabinet of a heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of super-large-sized metal billets according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the cooling water circulation system of a heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of super-large-sized metal billets according to the present invention.

[0026] Among them, in the figures: 1 - pressure-bearing base, 101 - placement table, 102 - temperature sensor, 103 - bottom jack, 104 - power cord, 105 - water inlet, 106 - water outlet, 107 - cooling cavity; 2 - furnace shell, 201 - heating wire, 202 - convex ring, 203 - groove, 204 - wiring bin, 205 - mobile plug, 206 - three-phase jack; 3 - furnace cover; 4 - electric control cabinet, 401 - ammeter, 402 - voltmeter, 403 - temperature setter, 404 - button; 5 - cooling water circulation system, 501 - water outlet pipe, 502 - cooling water tank, 503 - air cooler, 504 - water change port, 505 - water inlet pipe, 506 - water pump; 6 - lifting lug; 7 - metal billet; 8 - pressurized round table; 9 - upper anvil of the press. Detailed Embodiments

[0027] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes and effects, the technical means and structure adopted by the present invention will be described in detail in combination with the drawings for the preferred embodiments of the present invention to explain its features and functions.

[0028] As Figure 1-6 shown, the present invention provides a heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of ultra-large-sized metal billets, including: a pressure-bearing base 1, a furnace shell 2 arranged in sections, a cooling water circulation system 5, and a temperature control device; a plurality of the furnace shells 2 are arranged on the top end of the pressure-bearing base 1, the cooling water circulation system 5 is arranged on one side of the pressure-bearing base 1 and is communicated with the pressure-bearing base 1; the metal billets 7 are stacked and placed above the pressure-bearing base 1; a plurality of electric heating wires 201 longitudinally distributed are uniformly installed inside the furnace shell 2, and the electric heating wires 201 are electrically connected to the temperature control device for adjusting the heating temperature of the metal billets 7.

[0029] The present invention further includes a furnace cover 3. During heating, the furnace cover 3 is installed on the top end of the furnace shell 2 for heat preservation.

[0030] The present invention further includes a pressure-applying frustum 8. During pressure application, the pressure-applying frustum 8 covers the top of the metal billets. A plurality of electric heating wires 201 are longitudinally and uniformly installed inside the furnace shell 2, and two adjacent electric heating wires 201 are connected in series. The topmost furnace shell 2 is not provided with electric heating wires 201 and junction boxes, which is convenient for combination with the pressure-applying frustum 8.

[0031] The temperature control device includes a wiring bin 204, a temperature sensor 102, and an electric control cabinet 4. The wiring bin 204 is installed on one side outside the furnace shell 2. A movable plug 205 that can slide up and down is installed at the bottom of the wiring bin 204, and a three-phase socket 206 that cooperates with the movable plug 205 is arranged at the top; a bottom socket 103 that cooperates with the movable plug 205 is arranged above the pressure-bearing base 1, and the bottom socket 103 is connected to the electric control cabinet 4 through a power line 104. Adjacent furnace shells 2 can be connected and powered on through the movable plug 205 and the three-phase socket 206; a placing table 101 is arranged at the central position on the pressure-bearing base 1, and the temperature sensor 102 is installed inside the upper part of the placing table 101, and the temperature sensor 102 is electrically connected to the electric control cabinet 4.

[0032] In this embodiment, an ammeter 401, a voltmeter 402, a temperature setter 403, and a button 404 for three-phase power supply are respectively arranged on the front of the electric control cabinet 4.

[0033] In this embodiment, a convex ring 202 is provided at the top of the furnace shell 2, and a groove 203 matching with the convex ring 202 is provided at the bottom. The groove 203 below the furnace shell 2 is combined with the placement table 101, and the grooves 203 and the convex rings 202 between adjacent furnace shells 2 are combined to achieve sealed connection. The movable plug 205 is inserted into the jack to energize the furnace shell 2.

[0034] In this embodiment, heat-insulating materials are filled in the pressure-bearing base 1, inside the furnace shell 2 and inside the furnace cover 3. The heat-insulating materials are high-temperature-resistant inorganic refractory materials, preferably aluminosilicate module heat-insulating materials, to achieve the purpose of energy conservation and heat preservation. The pressure-bearing base 1, the furnace shell 2 and the furnace cover 3 are separately designed. The furnace shell 2 is installed in a segmented combination according to the height of the metal blank 7, and all the furnace shells 2 have the same specifications. On the one hand, the cost is low, the matching is simple, and the hoisting is convenient. On the other hand, by adjusting the number of the furnace shells 2, the heating requirements of metal blanks 7 with different height specifications can be met. Theoretically, blanks with any height can be heated and forged. The pressure-bearing base 1 can be designed as circular or square, and correspondingly, the placement table 101, the furnace shell 2 and the furnace cover 3 can all be designed as circular or square, finally forming a circular or square heating device, preferably with a circular design. The pressure-bearing base 1 and the pressurizing round table 8 are made of heat-resistant alloy steel.

[0035] The cooling water circulation system 5 includes a cooling water tank 502, a water inlet pipe 505, a water outlet pipe 501 and an air cooler 503. One end of the water inlet pipe 505 is connected to the cooling water tank 502, and the other end is connected to the water inlet of the pressure-bearing base. A water pump 506 is installed on the water inlet pipe 505. One end of the water outlet pipe 501 is connected to the water outlet of the pressure-bearing base, and the other end is connected to the cooling water tank 502. A cooling cavity 107 is arranged inside the pressure-bearing base, and the cooling cavity 107 communicates the water outlet with the water inlet. An air cooler 503 is installed on the cooling water tank 502, and a water changing port 504 is arranged on the cooling water tank 502. The cooling water circulation system 5 cools the pressure-bearing base through water cooling to prevent it from being damaged at high temperature and affecting external operations.

[0036] In this embodiment, longitudinal and transverse reinforcing ribs are provided outside the furnace shell 2 to ensure the strength during the hoisting process.

[0037] In this embodiment, lifting lugs 6 are connected above the pressure-bearing base 1, around the furnace shell 2 and above the furnace cover 3, which is convenient for hoisting.

[0038] Stacked metal billets 7 are placed on the upper part of the placement table 101. The furnace shell 2 is hoisted by a crane through the lifting lugs 6 and installed on the pressure-bearing base 1. The groove 203 is combined with the placement table 101 to achieve a sealed connection. The movable plug 205 is inserted into the bottom jack 103 to energize the furnace shell 2. The number of furnace shells 2 to be installed is determined according to the height of the metal billets 7 until the height of the billets is just covered. Then, the furnace cover 3 is covered, and the button 404 is pressed to start the power supply and begin heating. The temperature and time are set on the electric control cabinet 4, and the billets are heated in a stepwise temperature increase and heat preservation manner. The final heat preservation temperature of titanium alloy is 950 - 1150 °C, and the final heat preservation temperature of nickel and nickel alloys, carbon steel and alloy steel is 1000 - 1250 °C. After heat preservation and pressure holding for 2 - 24 h, the furnace cover 3 is lifted off, and the pressure application round table 8 is placed in. A large press is used to apply a very slow pressure to the billets from above, so that the stacked metal billets 7 achieve thermal diffusion bonding. Finally, the upper anvil 9 of the press and the pressure application round table 8 are removed, and each layer of the furnace shell 2 is lifted off in sequence, and the processed billets are taken out.

[0039] The structure of the present invention is simple and convenient to assemble. Different heights of metal billets can be heated by adjusting the number of furnace shells. According to different types of metal materials, the billets are heated in a stepwise temperature increase and heat preservation manner. The final heat preservation temperature of titanium alloy is 950 - 1150 °C, and the final heat preservation temperature of nickel and nickel alloys, carbon steel and alloy steel is 1000 - 1250 °C. After heat preservation and pressure holding for 2 - 24 h, the furnace cover is lifted off, and the pressure application round table is installed on the upper part. The large press slowly applies pressure to the pressure application round table, and the metal billets are pressed for thermal diffusion bonding. While achieving the bonding between the billets, it can make the metal materials containing easily segregated elements more uniform in composition, and can also eliminate defects such as local small holes and porosity, and high-quality metal billets of the same or different types with super-large specifications of dozens to hundreds of tons can be constructed. In addition, the heating furnace also has the advantages of convenient hoisting, simple structure, low cost, wide application space, etc. Billets of any height can be heated by combining multiple identical furnace shells.

[0040] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not impose any limitation on the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of super-large-sized metal blanks, characterized in that, Including: A pressure-bearing base, a furnace shell arranged in sections, a cooling water circulation system, and a temperature control device; A plurality of the furnace shells are arranged at the top of the pressure-bearing base, the cooling water circulation system is arranged on one side of the pressure-bearing base and is communicated with the pressure-bearing base; the metal billets are stacked and placed above the pressure-bearing base; A plurality of electric heating wires longitudinally distributed are uniformly installed inside the furnace shell, and the electric heating wires are electrically connected to the temperature control device for adjusting the heating temperature of the metal billets; It further includes a pressurizing frustum, which covers the top of the metal billets when pressurizing; A convex ring is arranged at the top of the furnace shell, and a groove matching with the convex ring is arranged at the bottom; different heights of metal billets can be heated by adjusting the number of furnace shells.

2. The heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of super-large-sized metal blanks according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a furnace cover, which is installed at the top of the furnace shell during heating.

3. The heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of super-large-sized metal blanks according to claim 1, wherein, The temperature control device includes a wiring bin, a temperature sensor, and an electric control cabinet. The wiring bin is installed on one side outside the furnace shell. A movable plug that can slide up and down is installed at the bottom of the wiring bin, and a three-phase socket matching with the movable plug is arranged at the top; a bottom socket matching with the movable plug is arranged above the pressure-bearing base, and the bottom socket is connected to the electric control cabinet through a power cord; a placing table is arranged at the central position on the pressure-bearing base, and the temperature sensor is installed inside the upper part of the placing table, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the electric control cabinet.

4. The heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of super-large-sized metal blanks according to claim 3, characterized in that, An ammeter, a voltmeter, a temperature setter, and buttons for three-phase power supply are respectively arranged on the front of the electric control cabinet.

5. The heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of extra-large metal blanks according to claim 2, characterized in that, Heat-insulating materials are filled in the pressure-bearing base, inside the furnace shell, and inside the furnace cover.

6. The heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of super-large-sized metal blanks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling water circulation system includes a cooling water tank, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, and an air cooler. One end of the inlet pipe is connected to the cooling water tank, and the other end is connected to the water inlet of the pressure-bearing base, and a water pump is installed on the inlet pipe; one end of the outlet pipe is connected to the water outlet of the pressure-bearing base, and the other end is connected to the cooling water tank; an air cooler is installed on the cooling water tank, and a water-changing port is arranged on the cooling water tank.

7. The heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of super-large-sized metal blanks according to claim 1, characterized in that, Longitudinal and transverse reinforcing ribs are arranged outside the furnace shell to ensure the strength during the hoisting process.

8. A heating furnace for hot pressing and compounding of super-large-sized metal blanks according to claim 2, characterized in that, Lifting lugs are connected above the pressure-bearing base, around the furnace shell, and above the furnace cover.

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