A single battery and battery module with fire-fighting function

Abstract

The present invention proposes a single cell and battery module with firefighting functions. The single cell includes a shell, a winding core, and a cover plate. The shell has an interior containing a chamber, the winding core is disposed in the chamber, and the cover plate is disposed at the open end of the shell. The shell wall is provided with a first chamber and a second chamber. A waterproof and breathable membrane is provided between the first chamber and the chamber. A firefighting agent is provided in the second chamber, and an explosion-proof valve is provided between the second chamber and the first chamber. The end surface of the cover plate is provided with a connecting channel connected to the second chamber, and the outer surface of the cover plate is provided with a spray hole connected to the connecting channel. The single cell disclosed in the present invention can spray a firefighting agent when depressurized to cover adjacent single cells, thereby extinguishing the fire and consuming oxygen, quickly preventing the fire from spreading and exploding in the single cell, increasing the user's escape time, and improving the safety of new energy batteries.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, and in particular to a single battery and a battery module with fire-fighting functions. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, thermal runaway of new energy batteries is the most serious form of failure, and battery thermal safety has become a bottleneck restricting the development of electric vehicles.

[0003] Cylindrical battery modules are composed of multiple single cells. Currently, to improve the integration efficiency of battery modules, single cells are arranged adjacent to each other with small gaps. This arrangement of single cells is highly susceptible to heat diffusion. In existing battery modules, when a single cell experiences thermal runaway, it generates gas. When the internal pressure of the cell reaches a certain level, the explosion-proof valve on the cell opens, and gas is ejected from the valve. The gas ejected is high-temperature gas, generally reaching temperatures above 230°C, and is mixed with flames. When thermal runaway occurs, the high-temperature gas and flames spread to surrounding single cells, causing adjacent single cells to ignite a thermal runaway fire, which in turn leads to a more serious thermal runaway fire in the battery module.

[0004] Prior art typically incorporates a fire protection system within the battery pack enclosure. When a thermal runaway fire occurs within the battery module, the fire protection system is activated to extinguish the fire, thereby buying time for users to escape and / or for manual extinguishing of the thermal runaway. For example, publication number CN113745680A describes a lithium battery enclosure with fire protection features. This is achieved by installing a fire extinguishing device and a smoke detector within the enclosure. The fire extinguishing device extinguishes the fire when the enclosure temperature reaches a fire extinguishing threshold; the smoke detector monitors the enclosure temperature and smoke concentration in real time. Although the above-mentioned fire protection system can also cool down and extinguish fires in battery modules, due to the space limitation of the battery pack box, the number of fire extinguishing devices and smoke detection devices distributed in the box is limited, and they cannot correspond to each single battery in an all-round way. As a result, the smoke detection device cannot detect the temperature and smoke of a single battery that is far away in time when it catches fire, and thus cannot trigger the fire extinguishing device in time to extinguish the fire of the corresponding single battery. This causes the fire protection system to start up delayed when thermal runaway of the single battery occurs, and the thermal runaway fire spreads significantly, which greatly reduces the user's escape time and reduces the safety of new energy batteries. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a single cell and a battery module with fire-fighting function to solve the problem that a fire-fighting system is set up in the battery pack box, which cannot timely and effectively extinguish the fire caused by thermal runaway of the single cell, and there is a problem that the thermal runaway fire of the battery module spreads significantly.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0007] In one aspect, the present invention provides a single battery with a fire-fighting function, the single battery comprising a shell, a winding core, and a cover plate, wherein the shell has an interior containing a cavity, the winding core is disposed in the cavity, and the cover plate is disposed at an open end of the shell;

[0008] A first chamber and a second chamber are provided in the shell wall of the shell;

[0009] A waterproof and breathable membrane is provided between the first chamber and the accommodating cavity;

[0010] A fire-fighting agent is provided in the second chamber, and an explosion-proof valve is provided between the second chamber and the first chamber;

[0011] The end surface of the cover plate is provided with a connecting channel communicating with the second chamber, and the outer surface of the cover plate is provided with a spray hole communicating with the connecting channel.

[0012] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, a plurality of first through holes communicating with the first chamber and the accommodating cavity are provided on the inner wall of the shell, and the waterproof breathable membrane is provided in the first through holes.

[0013] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, a second through hole for installing the explosion-proof valve is provided between the first chamber and the second chamber, and the second through hole communicates with the first chamber and the second chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, preferably, a first partition is fixedly provided horizontally in the upper part of the second chamber, the first partition divides the second chamber into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the fire-fighting agent is respectively provided in the upper chamber and the lower chamber, the second through hole connects the lower chamber and the first chamber, and a plurality of first air holes are provided on the first partition.

[0015] Furthermore, preferably, a second partition is fixedly arranged horizontally in the second chamber below the first partition, and the second partition divides the lower chamber into a storage chamber and an air intake chamber, the air intake chamber is located between the upper chamber and the storage chamber, the fire-fighting agent is located in the storage chamber, the second through hole connects the air intake chamber and the first chamber, and a plurality of second air holes are provided on the second partition.

[0016] Preferably, a cover is provided at the open end of the second chamber, and a third air vent is provided on the cover for communicating with the second chamber and the connecting channel.

[0017] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, an equal number of first chambers and second chambers are provided in the shell wall of the shell, and several of the first chambers are arranged at equal intervals around the axis of the shell on the side close to the accommodating cavity, and several of the second chambers are arranged at equal intervals around the axis of the shell on the side close to the outer wall of the shell.

[0018] Further, preferably, the first chamber and the second chamber are arranged alternately.

[0019] Preferably, a sealing ring is provided between the connecting channel and the second chamber, and the injection hole is located on the outer periphery of the cover plate.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention further discloses a battery module comprising a plurality of the aforementioned single cells arranged in a stacked manner.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects compared to the prior art:

[0022] (1) The single cell battery disclosed in the present invention is provided with a first chamber and a second chamber interconnected with each other in the shell wall, and an explosion-proof valve is provided between the first chamber and the second chamber, and a waterproof breathable membrane is provided between the first chamber and the accommodating chamber inside the shell. When the core in the accommodating chamber generates gas due to the temperature rise during operation, the gas first enters the first chamber through the waterproof breathable membrane for storage. When the core temperature continues to rise and thermal runaway occurs, the gas accumulation in the first chamber is too large and the gas pressure exceeds the design threshold of the explosion-proof valve. The gas in the first chamber breaks through the explosion-proof valve and enters the second chamber. The fire-fighting agent is provided in the second chamber. On the one hand, the flame entering the second chamber can be extinguished. On the other hand, the high-pressure gas sprays the fire-fighting agent from the open end of the second chamber and sprays it out from the injection hole on the cover plate through the connecting channel. The fire-fighting agent covers the adjacent single cells, plays the role of extinguishing the fire and consuming oxygen, quickly preventing the fire from spreading and exploding in the single cells, increasing the user's escape time, ensuring the safety of people's lives, and improving the safety of new energy batteries.

[0023] (2) By providing a plurality of first through holes connecting the first chamber and the accommodating cavity on the inner wall of the shell, and providing a waterproof breathable membrane in the first through holes, the function of exhausting and blocking the electrolyte can be achieved without affecting the inner wall structure of the shell;

[0024] (3) By placing fire extinguishing agents in both the upper chamber and the lower chamber, the fire extinguishing agents can be sprayed from both ends of the second chamber, thereby spraying the fire extinguishing agents to the surrounding areas from both ends in the height direction of the single cell, thereby preventing the spread of fire in the surrounding single cells in all directions and improving the fire extinguishing effect;

[0025] (4) By setting a first partition and a second partition, the second chamber is divided into an upper chamber, an air intake chamber and a storage chamber, and fire-fighting agents are respectively set in the upper chamber and the storage chamber. After the high-pressure gas in the first chamber breaks through the explosion-proof valve and enters the air intake chamber, it can be sprayed in the upper chamber and the storage chamber in the upper and lower directions respectively, so that the fire-fighting agents at the upper and lower ends of the second chamber can be evenly sprayed out quickly and efficiently, thereby maximizing the utilization of the fire-fighting agent and improving the efficiency of fire fighting;

[0026] (5) By providing a plurality of first chambers in the shell wall, the gas generated during the operation of the single battery can be collected to the greatest extent possible, delaying the time for gas pressure release and also improving the service life of the battery;

[0027] (6) By staggering the first chamber and the second chamber, the impact on the strength of the shell can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a single battery with fire-fighting function disclosed in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the housing disclosed in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle part;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of a single battery with fire-fighting function disclosed in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the housing disclosed in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cover plate disclosed in the present invention;

[0035] Reference numerals:

[0036] 1. Shell; 2. Winding core; 3. Cover plate; 10. Accommodating chamber; 11. First chamber; 12. Second chamber; 4. Waterproof breathable membrane; 5. Explosion-proof valve; 31. Connecting channel; 32. Injection hole; 40. First through hole; 50. Second through hole; 121. First partition plate; 122. Upper chamber; 123. Lower chamber; 1211. First air vent; 124. Second partition plate; 125. Storage chamber; 126. Air inlet chamber; 1241. Second air vent; 127. Cover; 1271. Third air vent; 310. Sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] As for the existing technology, the explosion-proof valve of the single cell is mostly opened at the top or bottom of the shell. When the single cell suffers thermal runaway, high-pressure gas, flame and electrolyte will break through the explosion-proof valve and discharge into the surrounding of the single cell, which will trigger or accelerate thermal runaway of other single cells in the battery module, and then cause fire and spread. At this stage, a fire protection system is usually installed in the battery module or the battery pack box, and most of them are used in conjunction with a smoke detection device and a fire extinguishing device.

[0039] Due to the limited space of the battery pack box, the number of fire extinguishing devices and smoke detection devices distributed in the box is limited, and they cannot correspond to each single battery in an all-round way. As a result, the smoke detection device cannot detect the temperature and smoke of a single battery that is far away in time, and thus cannot trigger the fire extinguishing device in time to extinguish the fire of the corresponding single battery. This causes the fire protection system to start up delayed when thermal runaway of the single battery occurs, and the thermal runaway fire spreads significantly, which greatly reduces the time for users to escape and reduces the safety of new energy batteries.

[0040] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a single battery with fire protection function, such as Figure 1 As shown, combined Figure 2-6 The single battery includes a shell 1, a winding core 2 and a cover plate 3. The shell 1 has a receiving cavity 10 inside, the winding core 2 is arranged in the receiving cavity 10, and the cover plate 3 is arranged at the open end of the shell 1.

[0041] In this embodiment, the housing 1 may be open at one end or at both ends, and the housing 1 may be a square structure or a cylindrical structure.

[0042] The housing 1 has a certain wall thickness, within which a first chamber 11 and a second chamber 12 are disposed. The contours of the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 match the outer contour of the housing 1. A waterproof, breathable membrane 4 is disposed between the first chamber 11 and the accommodating chamber 10. In this embodiment, the waterproof, breathable membrane 4 connects the first chamber 11 with the accommodating chamber 10. This means that the electrolyte in the accommodating chamber 10 cannot pass through the waterproof, breathable membrane 4 into the first chamber 11, but the gas in the accommodating chamber 10 can pass through the waterproof, breathable membrane 4 into the first chamber 11. Specifically, the waterproof, breathable membrane 4 can be made of a polytetrafluoroethylene (EPTFE) film, with a thickness ranging from 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm, thereby ensuring a waterproof and breathable seal within the accommodating chamber 10 of the housing 1. By setting up the first chamber 11 and the waterproof breathable membrane 4, the gas generated by the winding core 2 inside the accommodating chamber 10 during operation can be collected into the first chamber 11 through the waterproof breathable membrane 4 for storage, thereby reducing the gas pressure in the accommodating chamber 10 and allowing the single battery to continue working.

[0043] When a single battery malfunctions or the temperature rises during use, causing gas to continuously be generated in the accommodating cavity 10, the gas pressure in the first chamber 11 is too high, and thermal runaway is about to occur, and the gas in the first chamber 11 needs to be discharged to the outside of the single battery. At this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the first chamber 11 may be mixed with flames. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas and flames are directly discharged to the outside of the single battery, which will accelerate or cause thermal runaway fire in the surrounding single batteries, thereby causing the entire battery module to catch fire and spread instantly.

[0044] To this end, in this embodiment, a fire-fighting agent is set in the second chamber 12, and an explosion-proof valve 5 is set between the second chamber 12 and the first chamber 11. The end surface of the cover plate 3 is provided with a connecting channel 31 connected to the second chamber 12, and the outer surface of the cover plate 3 is provided with a spray hole 32 connected to the connecting channel 31.

[0045] With this arrangement, when the temperature of the winding core 2 continues to rise and thermal runaway occurs, the amount of gas accumulated in the first chamber 11 is too large and the gas pressure exceeds the design threshold of the explosion-proof valve 5, the gas in the first chamber 11 breaks through the explosion-proof valve 5 and enters the second chamber 12. By setting the fire-fighting agent in the second chamber 12, on the one hand, the flame entering the second chamber 12 can be extinguished, and on the other hand, the high-pressure gas sprays the fire-fighting agent from the open end of the second chamber 12 and out of the injection hole 32 on the cover plate 3 through the connecting channel 31. The fire-fighting agent covers the adjacent single cells, plays the role of extinguishing the fire and consuming oxygen, quickly preventing the fire from spreading and exploding in the single cells, increasing the user's escape time, ensuring people's life safety, and improving the safety of new energy batteries.

[0046] It is also worth noting that when a single cell suffers thermal runaway and the fire spreads to an adjacent single cell, the two adjacent single cells will spray fire-fighting agents on each other to extinguish the fire, thereby quickly extinguishing the thermal runaway fire.

[0047] In this embodiment, the fire-fighting agent may be a dry powder fire extinguishing agent or a carbon dioxide foaming agent or other materials that can be used for fire fighting.

[0048] In some preferred embodiments, the inner wall of the housing 1 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 40 connecting the first chamber 11 and the accommodating chamber 10, and the waterproof breathable membrane 4 is disposed in the first through holes 40. Thus, by providing a plurality of first through holes 40 on the inner wall of the housing 1, wherein the diameter of the first through holes 40 is 0.5 mm to 5 mm, significant damage to the structural strength of the inner wall of the housing 1 can be avoided. Simultaneously, the provision of the plurality of first through holes 40 and the waterproof breathable membrane 4 allows the gas within the accommodating chamber 10 to be rapidly discharged into the first chamber 11, thereby blocking the electrolyte and improving the gas collection effect.

[0049] In this embodiment, the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 are spaced apart in the shell wall of the shell 1. In order to facilitate the installation of the explosion-proof valve 5 between the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12, the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 are connected through the explosion-proof valve 5. In this embodiment, a second through hole 50 is further provided between the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12. The second through hole 50 connects the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12, so that the valve is conveniently installed in the second through hole 50. The explosion-proof diaphragm used by the explosion-proof valve 5 belongs to the existing technology. When the gas accumulation in the first chamber 11 is too large and the gas pressure exceeds the design threshold of the explosion-proof valve 5, the gas in the first chamber 11 breaks through the explosion-proof valve 5 and enters the second chamber 12.

[0050] In some embodiments, the cover plate 3 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 1, the top of the shell 1 is closed, and the bottom end of the second chamber 12 is open. The fire-fighting agent is arranged in the second chamber 12. When thermal runaway pressure relief occurs, the fire-fighting agent is sprayed out from the bottom end of the second chamber 12 and from the injection hole 32 on the cover plate 3, thereby achieving pressure relief under the battery module.

[0051] As other preferred embodiments, when the housing 1 is open at both ends, in order to achieve pressure relief and release of the fire-fighting agent at both ends of the height of the single cell, a first partition 121 is fixedly installed horizontally in the upper portion of the second chamber 12 in this embodiment. The first partition 121 divides the second chamber 12 into an upper chamber 122 and a lower chamber 123. The fire-fighting agent is respectively disposed in the upper chamber 122 and the lower chamber 123. The second through hole 50 connects the lower chamber 123 with the first chamber 11. The first partition 121 is provided with a plurality of first air holes 1211. With this arrangement, after the high-pressure gas in the first chamber 11 breaks through the explosion-proof valve 5 and enters the lower chamber 123 through the second through hole 50, the gas flows upward, passes through the first air holes, and enters the upper chamber 122, spraying the fire-fighting agent in the upper chamber 122 out of the top of the second chamber 12. The gas also flows downward, spraying the fire-fighting agent in the lower chamber 123 out of the bottom of the second chamber 12.

[0052] In the above embodiment, the fire-fighting agent is not filled in the lower chamber 123 to avoid a space without gas filling in the lower chamber 123, which causes the gas to be blocked from entering the lower chamber 123, causing the fire-fighting agent in the lower chamber 123 to flow back into the first chamber 11, resulting in the fire-fighting agent being unable to be effectively sprayed and released.

[0053] On the basis of the above technical solution, in order to enable the high-pressure gas entering the lower chamber 123 to evenly spray fire-fighting agents on the upper and lower ends of the second chamber 12, this embodiment is provided with a second partition 124 fixedly arranged horizontally in the second chamber 12 below the first partition 121. The second partition 124 divides the lower chamber 123 into a storage chamber 125 and an air intake chamber 126. The air intake chamber 126 is located between the upper chamber 122 and the storage chamber 125. The fire-fighting agent is located in the storage chamber 125. The second through hole 50 connects the air intake chamber 126 and the first chamber 11. A plurality of second air holes 1241 are provided on the second partition 124.

[0054] By adopting the above technical solution, the second chamber 12 is divided into an upper chamber 122, an air intake chamber 126, and a storage chamber 125 by providing a first partition 121 and a second partition 124. Firefighting agents are respectively provided in the upper chamber 122 and the storage chamber 125. After the high-pressure gas in the first chamber 11 breaks through the explosion-proof valve 5 and enters the air intake chamber 126, it can be sprayed in the upper chamber 122 and the storage chamber 125 in the upper and lower directions, respectively. Thus, the firefighting agents at both ends of the second chamber 12 can be sprayed out quickly and efficiently, maximizing the utilization of the firefighting agents and improving the efficiency of firefighting. Preferably, the upper chamber 122 and the storage chamber 125 have the same volume, thereby ensuring that the volume of firefighting agents sprayed at both ends in the height direction of the single battery is the same, so that the surrounding single batteries can be evenly extinguished or oxygen can be blocked, reducing the speed of thermal runaway fire and buying time for people to escape.

[0055] Since the fire-fighting agent is separately stored in the upper chamber 122 and the storage chamber 125, to prevent the fire-fighting agent from entering the connecting channel 31 on the cover plate 3 and causing blockage during the battery cell grouping process, this embodiment has a cover 127 disposed at the open end of the second chamber 12. The cover 127 has a third vent 1271 formed in the cover 127, which connects the second chamber 12 and the connecting channel 31. This arrangement allows the cover 3, the first partition 121, and the upper chamber 122 to form an independent storage space, while the cover 3, the second partition 124, and the storage chamber 125 to form an independent storage space, thereby stably storing the fire-fighting agent in these storage spaces. When thermal runaway occurs, high-pressure gas enters these storage spaces, spraying the fire-fighting agent out of the third vent 1271 on the cover 3, into the connecting channel 31, and finally out of the spray hole 32. This sprays the fire-fighting agent into adjacent batteries in the battery module, extinguishing the fire or isolating the battery from oxygen. This will delay the occurrence of thermal runaway fire in the battery module and buy time for people to escape.

[0056] As some optional embodiments, since the injection hole 32, the connecting channel 31, the third vent 1271, and the second chamber 12 form an air passage, air outside the battery can easily enter through the air passage, thereby affecting the performance of the fire-fighting agent and causing it to lose effectiveness. To this end, this embodiment can provide a protective film over the third vent 1271 to block contact between external air and the fire-fighting agent. This prevents the fire-fighting agent from being lost while stored in the second chamber 12, allowing the ejected fire-fighting agent to achieve maximum effectiveness when thermal runaway is initiated. The protective film involved in this embodiment can be made of a film material such as plastic film or aluminum-plastic film that can be directly broken under high pressure and will not rupture under normal air pressure.

[0057] In some preferred embodiments, the shell wall of the housing 1 is provided with an equal number of first chambers 11 and second chambers 12. The first chambers 11 are evenly spaced about the axis of the housing 1 and located near the accommodating cavity 10. The second chambers 12 are evenly spaced about the axis of the housing 1 and located near the outer wall of the housing 1. By providing multiple first chambers 11, gases generated during the operation of the single cells can be collected to the greatest extent possible, delaying gas decompression and thereby increasing the battery life.

[0058] Since the wall thickness of the shell 1 is limited, and the arrangement of the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 will cause the strength of the shell 1 to be weakened, the present embodiment arranges the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 in an alternating manner. With this arrangement, the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 can be arranged in an alternating manner in the thickness direction of the shell 1, thereby reducing the impact on the strength of the shell 1.

[0059] In some preferred embodiments, a sealing ring 310 is provided between the connecting passage 31 and the second chamber 12, and the injection hole 32 is located on the outer periphery of the cover plate 3. Thus, the sealing ring 310 can be provided to seal the second chamber 12 and the connecting passage 31, establishing an injection channel and preventing the fire-fighting agent from leaking from the gap between the cover plate 3 and the housing 1 or flowing into the accommodating chamber 10.

[0060] In the above embodiment, the opening shape of the second chamber is adapted to the shape of the connecting channel, and the opening size of the second chamber is smaller than or equal to the opening size of the connecting channel, thereby facilitating sealing the two by a sealing ring. In addition, the spray hole can be arranged on the outer periphery of the cover plate, or on the outer end face of the cover plate. Each connecting channel corresponds to a second chamber, and each connecting channel can be adapted to one or more spray holes. With this arrangement, it can be ensured that the cover plate is provided with spray holes all around, so that the single battery can spray the fire-fighting agent 360° around when the pressure is released, thereby achieving a better effect of extinguishing fire or blocking oxygen.

[0061] The present invention also discloses a battery module comprising a plurality of stacked cells. The aforementioned structure of the cells disclosed herein not only provides explosion-proof pressure relief, but also provides a firefighting function. While releasing pressure, the cells extinguish the flames within the housing 1. Simultaneously, the released firefighting agent is sprayed to extinguish the fires of adjacent cells in the battery module or block oxygen, preventing or delaying thermal runaway fires in other cells. Furthermore, if multiple cells simultaneously experience thermal runaway fires, the cells can spray firefighting agent against each other to extinguish the fires. This allows for timely and effective firefighting, thereby controlling the spread of thermal runaway fires in the battery module and buying time for escape.

[0062] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single cell battery with a fire-fighting function, the single cell battery comprising a shell (1), a winding core (2) and a cover plate (3); the shell (1) has an interior containing cavity (10), the winding core (2) is arranged in the containing cavity (10), and the cover plate (3) is arranged at an open end of the shell (1); Its characteristics are: A first chamber (11) and a second chamber (12) are provided in the shell wall of the shell (1); A waterproof and breathable membrane (4) is provided between the first chamber (11) and the accommodating chamber (10); A fire-fighting agent is provided in the second chamber (12), and an explosion-proof valve (5) is provided between the second chamber (12) and the first chamber (11); The end surface of the cover plate (3) is provided with a connecting channel (31) communicating with the second chamber (12), and the outer surface of the cover plate (3) is provided with a spray hole (32) communicating with the connecting channel (31); An equal number of first chambers (11) and second chambers (12) are provided in the shell wall of the shell (1); the first chambers (11) are arranged at equal intervals around the axis of the shell (1) on a side close to the accommodating cavity (10); and the second chambers (12) are arranged at equal intervals around the axis of the shell (1) on a side close to the outer wall of the shell (1); The first chamber (11) and the second chamber (12) are arranged alternately.

2. The single battery with fire-fighting function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first through holes (40) communicating with the first chamber (11) and the accommodating cavity (10) are provided on the inner wall of the housing (1), and the waterproof breathable membrane (4) is provided in the first through holes (40).

3. The single battery with fire-fighting function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second through hole (50) for installing the explosion-proof valve (5) is provided between the first chamber (11) and the second chamber (12), and the second through hole (50) communicates with the first chamber (11) and the second chamber (12).

4. The single battery with fire-fighting function according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first partition (121) is fixedly arranged horizontally at the upper portion of the second chamber (12), and the first partition (121) divides the second chamber (12) into an upper chamber (122) and a lower chamber (123). The fire-fighting agent is respectively arranged in the upper chamber (122) and the lower chamber (123). The second through hole (50) communicates with the lower chamber (123) and the first chamber (11). The first partition (121) is provided with a plurality of first air holes (1211).

5. The single battery with fire-fighting function according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second partition (124) is fixedly arranged horizontally in the second chamber (12) below the first partition (121). The second partition (124) divides the lower chamber (123) into a storage chamber (125) and an air intake chamber (126). The air intake chamber (126) is located between the upper chamber (122) and the storage chamber (125). The fire-fighting agent is located in the storage chamber (125). The second through hole (50) communicates with the air intake chamber (126) and the first chamber (11). The second partition (124) is provided with a plurality of second air holes (1241).

6. The single battery with fire-fighting function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cover (127) is provided at the open end of the second chamber (12), and a third vent hole (1271) communicating with the second chamber (12) and the connecting channel (31) is provided on the cover (127).

7. The single battery with fire-fighting function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring (310) is provided between the connecting channel (31) and the second chamber (12), and the injection hole (32) is located on the outer periphery of the cover plate (3).

8. A battery module, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of unit cells according to any one of claims 1 to 7 arranged in a stacked manner.

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