Pinch to place depth limiter

Abstract

The present invention provides a depth limiter configured to engage with the cannula of a trocar. The depth limiter includes a body having a first body portion and a second body portion coupled together and pivotable between an open configuration and a clamping configuration. The body includes a first inner surface and a second inner surface provided by the first and second body portions. In the clamping configuration, the first and second inner surfaces form a first lateral dimension, the size of which is configured to limit axial movement of the depth limiter relative to the cannula. In the open configuration, the first and second inner surfaces form a second lateral dimension, the size of which is configured to allow axial movement of the depth limiter relative to the cannula. The depth limiter includes a first locking member and a second locking member, one of which is resiliently biased to engage the other. The locking members are configured to engage with each other to lock the body portion in the clamping configuration.

Description

[0001] priority

[0002] This application claims priority to Indian Provisional Patent Application No. 202011018669 entitled “Pinch-To-Clamp Cannula DepthLimiter”, filed on May 1, 2020, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Background Technology

[0003] Some surgical procedures may require clinicians to access the surgical site through the patient's abdominal cavity. To obtain this access, an opening is first created through the abdominal wall tissue that covers the abdominal cavity. In some surgical procedures (called "laparoscopic" or "endoscopic" surgery), a relatively small opening is created through the abdominal wall tissue, and then a thin instrument is inserted into the surgical site through an access device, commonly called a "cannula," located within the opening. A conventional cannula typically consists of a cannulation assembly and a tampon removably received within the working channel of the cannulation assembly. In use, the tampon mates with the cannulation assembly, and the combined structure (i.e., the cannula) is guided downwards by the clinician through the patient's abdominal wall, such that the distal ends of the tampon and the cannulation assembly extend into the abdominal cavity. The clinician then withdraws the tampon from the cannulation assembly, allowing surgical instruments to be guided downwards through the working channel of the cannulation assembly to reach the surgical site.

[0004] The following patents disclose cannulas, their components, and other types of surgical access devices only as exemplary models: U.S. Patent 7,981,092, entitled "Vibratory Trocar," published July 19, 2011; U.S. Patent 8,226,553, entitled "Access Device with Insert," published July 24, 2012; U.S. Patent 8,251,900, entitled "Surgical Access Devices and Methods Providing Seal Movement in Predefined Paths," published August 28, 2012; U.S. Patent 8,579,807, entitled "Absorbing Fluids in a Surgical Access Device," published November 12, 2013; U.S. Patent 8,568,362, entitled "Surgical Access Device with Sorbents," published October 29, 2013; and U.S. Patent 8,568,362, entitled "Surgical Access Device with Sorbents," published January 28, 2014. U.S. Patent 8,636,686, entitled “Device”; U.S. Patent 8,690,831, entitled “Gas Jet Fluid Removal in a Trocar”, published April 8, 2014; and U.S. Patent 2019 / 0000496, entitled “Method of Suturing a Trocar Path Incision”, published January 3, 2019. The disclosure of each of the above-cited U.S. patents and publications is incorporated herein by reference.

[0005] Although various surgical instruments, including surgical access devices and end effectors, and other associated components have been manufactured and used, it is believed that no one has manufactured or used the invention described in the appended claims prior to one or more inventors. Attached Figure Description

[0006] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the general description of the invention given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0007] Figure 1 A perspective view of an exemplary cannula needle having a cannula assembly and a tampon shown in an assembled state is shown;

[0008] Figure 2 It is shown in the disassembled state. Figure 1Side front view of the cannulation assembly and tampon;

[0009] Figure 3A It shows that the clinician is manipulating Figure 1 A lateral cross-sectional view of the trocar penetrating the tissue layer of the abdominal wall;

[0010] Figure 3B It shows Figure 1 An enlarged side sectional view of the cannula, showing its reception in... Figure 3A The distal end of the trocar inserted into the abdominal cavity;

[0011] Figure 3C It shows Figure 1 A side sectional view of the cannulation assembly, showing how it remains positioned after the tampon is disassembled and removed. Figure 3A The cannulation assembly inside the abdominal wall;

[0012] Figure 3D It shows that Figure 1 The cannulation assembly from Figure 3A A lateral sectional view of the abdominal wall pulled out proximally;

[0013] Figure 4 A perspective view of another exemplary cannula with a cannula assembly and a tampon shown in an assembled state is shown;

[0014] Figure 5 It is shown in the disassembled state. Figure 4 A perspective view of the cannula assembly and tampon, showing the reusable cannula and disposable sealing assembly of the cannula assembly separated from each other, and showing the tampon in a disassembled state;

[0015] Figure 6 It shows Figure 4 A perspective view of the cannula needle, which shows an exemplary depth limiter that selectively clamps the insertion tube to the cannula needle;

[0016] Figure 7 It shows Figure 6 A perspective view of the depth limiter;

[0017] Figure 8A It shows Figure 6 The bottom front view of the depth limiter shows the depth limiter in the open configuration, and further shows the depth limiter being pinched by the user to clamp the depth limiter. Figure 4 On the insertion tube of the cannula;

[0018] Figure 8B It shows something similar to Figure 8A The bottom front view shows the device in the clamping configuration. Figure 6 The depth limiter, so that the depth limiter is clamped to Figure 4 On the insertion tube of the cannula;

[0019] Figure 8C It shows something similar to Figure 8B The bottom front view shows Figure 6 The depth limiter release button is pressed by the user to allow from... Figure 4 The insertion depth limiter of the cannula needle is released.

[0020] Figure 9 It shows Figure 4 A perspective view of the cannula of the trocar, which shows an exemplary depth limiter that selectively clamps the cannula tubing to the trocar.

[0021] Figure 10 It shows Figure 9 The top front view of the depth limiter shows the depth limiter in the open configuration, and around... Figure 4 Positioning of the insertion tube for the trocar;

[0022] Figure 11A It shows along Figure 10 Section line 11A-11A in Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of a depth limiter, showing the depth limiter being pinched by a user to clamp it in place. Figure 4 On the insertion tube of the cannula;

[0023] Figure 11B It shows something similar to Figure 11A A cross-sectional view showing the clamping configuration. Figure 9 The depth limiter, so that the depth limiter is clamped to Figure 4 On the insertion tube of the cannula;

[0024] Figure 12 A perspective view of another exemplary depth limiter including four legs is shown;

[0025] Figure 13A It shows the relationship with Figure 1 The cannulation assembly of the trocar and the cannulation tubing connection. Figure 12 A partial side sectional view of the depth limiter, wherein the legs of the depth limiter are in a non-deployed configuration when the distal end of the cannula is received in the abdominal cavity;

[0026] Figure 13B The following is shown after the packer is separated and removed. Figure 1 The cannula connection of the cannula assembly. Figure 12 A partial side sectional view of the depth limiter, wherein the legs of the depth limiter are in an extended configuration when the distal end of the cannula is received in the abdominal cavity;

[0027] Figure 14 A perspective view of another exemplary depth limiter including two legs is shown;

[0028] Figure 15 A perspective view of another exemplary depth limiter including three legs is shown;

[0029] Figure 16 A perspective view of another exemplary depth limiter including a hub with a notch is shown;

[0030] Figure 17A It shows the relationship with Figure 5 The cannula connection of the cannula assembly. Figure 16 Top plan view of the depth limiter, wherein the hub of the depth limiter is in a movable configuration;

[0031] Figure 17B The following is shown after the packer is separated and removed. Figure 5 The cannula connection of the cannula assembly. Figure 16 A partial side sectional view of the depth limiter, wherein the legs of the depth limiter are in a fixed configuration;

[0032] Figure 18A It shows the relationship with Figure 5 The cannula connection of the cannula assembly. Figure 16 A partial side sectional view of the depth limiter, in which the legs of the depth limiter are in an unfolded configuration;

[0033] Figure 18B The following is shown after the packer is separated and removed. Figure 5 The cannula connection of the cannula assembly. Figure 16 A partial side sectional view of the depth limiter, wherein the legs of the depth limiter are in an extended configuration; and

[0034] Figure 19 A top cross-sectional view of another exemplary depth limiter, including a fluid chamber and four legs, is shown.

[0035] The accompanying drawings are not intended to be limiting in any way, and various embodiments of the invention can be conceived to be implemented in many other ways, including those not necessarily shown in the drawings. The drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate several aspects of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention; however, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the explicit arrangements shown. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following description of certain examples of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other examples, features, aspects, embodiments, and advantages of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description, which is shown by way of example, and a preferred mode is contemplated for carrying out the invention. It will be appreciated that the invention can have other different and obvious aspects, all of which are not departing from the invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions should be regarded as substantially illustrative and not restrictive.

[0037] For clarity of disclosure, the terms "proximal" and "distal" are defined herein in relation to the surgeon or other operator who grasps the surgical device. The term "proximal" refers to a position where the element is positioned closer to the surgeon, and the term "distal" refers to a position where the element is positioned further away from the surgeon. Furthermore, the extent to which spatial terms such as "top," "bottom," "upper," "lower," "vertical," and "horizontal" are used herein with reference to the accompanying drawings should be understood to be for illustrative purposes only and not intended to be limiting or absolute. In this regard, it should be understood that surgical instruments such as those disclosed herein may be used in a variety of orientations and positions, not limited to those shown and described herein.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms “about” and “approximately” used herein in connection with any numerical value or range are intended to cover the exact value referenced, as well as the appropriate tolerance that enables the referenced feature or combination of features to be used for the intended purpose described herein.

[0039] I. Exemplary single-use cannulas and reusable cannulas

[0040] Figures 1 to 5 Exemplary surgical access devices are shown in the form of a single-use first cannula (10) and a reusable second cannula (110), each cannula configured to provide surgical site access in laparoscopic surgery. Each cannula (10, 110) includes an insertion assembly (12, 112) having a working channel (14, 114) and a tampon (16, 116) configured to be removably and coaxially inserted into the working channel (14, 114) such that the assembled cannula (10, 110) can be guided distally through the patient's abdominal wall and into the abdominal cavity, for example, as described below. Figures 3A to 3D As stated above.

[0041] A. Exemplary single-use cannula

[0042] like Figures 1 to 2As shown, the cannulation assembly (12) of a single-use trocar (10) includes a cannula (20) and a sealing housing (30). The cannula (20) and the sealing housing (30) cooperate to define a working channel (14) that extends longitudinally along the central axis (A) of the trocar (10). Specifically, the working channel (14) is defined by the lumen of the cannula (20) communicating with the hollow interior of the sealing housing (30). The cannulation assembly (12) is configured to receive elongated surgical instruments distally through the working channel (14) to provide access to surgical sites within the patient's abdominal cavity. As described in more detail below, the sealing housing (30) houses a pair of sealing structures that define a sealing assembly configured to retain airflow into the patient's abdominal cavity while allowing surgical instruments and tissue debris to pass through the working channel (14).

[0043] The cannula (20) of this type may include: a bell-shaped hub (not shown) located at the proximal end of the cannula; and an elongated cylindrical tube (22) extending distally from the hub and terminating at an angled cannula tip (24). The outer surface of the cannula (22) includes a plurality of tissue gripping features in the form of annular ribs (26) axially arranged along the middle portion of the cannula (22). The ribs (26) are configured to grip the abdominal wall tissue layers through which the cannula (20) is inserted, thereby aiding in stabilizing the cannula (20) in both the axial and radial directions when it is positioned within an opening formed in the patient's abdominal wall.

[0044] More specifically, in this example, the tissue-grasping ribs (26) are formed in an annular fan shape in the sidewall of the cannula (22), such that each rib (26) tapers radially inward from its outermost radial edge in a distal direction. Thus, the outermost radial edge of the ribs (26) is approximately flush with the unribbed proximal and distal portions of the cannula (22). The configuration of the resulting ribs (26) facilitates the distal advancement of the cannula (22) through the tissue layer and prevents its retraction through the tissue layer in the opposite proximal direction. Advantageously, this configuration prevents accidental withdrawal of the cannula (22) from the patient's abdominal wall during surgery. However, it should be understood that in other types of cannulas (10), the cannula (22) may be provided with various other types of tissue-grasping features. For example, the cannula (22) may include tissue gripping features in the form of one or more spiral ribs that extend around at least a middle portion of the cannula (22) and may be fan-shaped similar to ribs (26).

[0045] The sealing housing (30) of the cannula assembly (12) includes a proximal housing portion (32) and a distal housing portion (34), the proximal housing portion (32) being removably attached to the distal housing portion. The proximal housing portion (32) includes a proximal head (36) and a distal base (38) fixed together. The distal housing portion (34) includes: a distal shield (40) surrounding a proximal hub (not shown) of the cannula (20); a cover plate (42) fixed to the proximal end of the distal shield (40); and a latching ring (44) rotatably disposed between the distal shield and the cover plate and having a radially outwardly projecting tab (46). The latching ring (44) is selectively rotatable between a locked position and an unlocked position about the central axis (A) of the cannula needle (10) via the tab (46). In the locked position, the latch ring (44) locks the proximal housing portion (32) to the distal housing portion (34). In the unlocked position, the latch ring (44) allows the proximal housing portion (32) to separate from the distal housing portion (34), for example, to allow direct access to a distal sealing structure (not shown) housed within the distal housing portion (34). In some configurations, the distal shield (40) may be integrally formed with the proximal end of the cannula (22), such that the distal shield (40) is a component of the cannula (20).

[0046] Although not shown, the proximal housing portion (32) houses a proximal (or "outer") sealing structure, and the distal housing portion (34) houses a distal (or "inner") sealing structure, both arranged along the central axis (A) of the cannula (10). The proximal and distal sealing structures cooperate to define a sealing assembly that retains airflow into the patient's abdominal cavity during surgery while allowing surgical instruments and tissue debris to pass through the working channel (14). For example, the proximal sealing structure may include an annular sealing member configured to sealably engage the axis of a laparoscopic surgical instrument guided through the working channel (14). The distal end sealing structure may include a duckbill-shaped sealing member configured to maintain the working channel (14) in a sealed state even without the surgical instrument axis.

[0047] The cannulation assembly (12) also includes a blow-in port (50) operably coupled to the proximal end of the cannula (20) and having an adjustable valve in the form of a stopcock valve (52). The blow-in port (50) is configured to guide a blow-in fluid, such as carbon dioxide, from a fluid source (not shown) distally through the working channel (14) and into the patient's abdominal cavity, thereby expanding (or "blowing in") the cavity with fluid. This expansion of the abdominal cavity creates additional space for easier laparoscopic surgery.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the tampon (16) of the cannula (10) includes a proximal head (60), an elongated cylindrical shaft (62) extending distally from the head (60), and a tapered distal tip (64). The tampon shaft (62) is configured to be received within the working channel (14) of the cannula assembly (12) such that the tampon tip (64) extends distally through the cannula tip (24). The tampon head (60) includes a dome-shaped upper body (66), a base plate (68), and an actuable latching member (70) including a pair of latching arms (72) and a corresponding pair of latching buttons (74). The latching arms (72) are configured to be engaged in corresponding slots (not shown) formed in the top surface of the sealing housing head (36) to connect the tampon (16) to the cannula assembly (12). A latch button (74) is actuable to release the locking arm (72) from the slot, thereby allowing the tampon (16) to separate from the cannulation assembly (12). The tampon (16) also includes a central channel (76) extending longitudinally through the tampon head (60) and the tampon shaft (62), and is configured to receive an endoscope (not shown) therein to provide visualization during insertion of the cannula (10) through the patient's abdominal wall. A clamping rod (78) of the tampon head (60) is pivotable to selectively secure the endoscope within the central channel (76). The central channel (76) and the clamping rod (78) are merely optional features and may be omitted from the tampon (16) in other configurations.

[0049] The cannulation assembly (12) and the tampon (16) may be configured to be discarded after a single use on a patient. In other configurations, one or more components of the cannula (10) may be suitably configured to withstand sterilization and multiple reuses, for example, as described below. Figures 4 to 5 The cannula (110) is described in more detail.

[0050] B. Exemplary deployment of the cannula into the patient's abdominal cavity

[0051] Figures 3A to 3D An exemplary method is shown for using the aforementioned cannula (10) to penetrate the patient's abdominal wall (2) and enter the patient's abdominal cavity (1). It should be understood that the abdominal wall (2) comprises a superficial layer extending outwards and a deep layer extending inwards. The superficial layer typically comprises an outer layer of skin (3) and an inner layer of fat (4); while the deeper layers comprise alternating layers of muscle (5) and fascia (6), which are fibrous and flexible and have relatively higher tensile strength than the superficial layer.

[0052] like Figure 3AAs shown, with the packer (16) received within the cannulation assembly (12) and connected to the sealing housing (30), the clinician manipulates the cannula (10) via the packer head (60) and the sealing housing (30) to push the packer tip (64) against the skin (3) and medially toward the abdominal cavity (1) while rotating the cannula (10) back and forth. Continued medial pushing of the cannula (10) further guides the packer tip (64) and the cannula tip (24) distally through the layers of fat (4) and fascia (5) and into the cavity (1), as... Figure 3B As shown. As discussed above, this step is facilitated by visualization provided by an endoscope (not shown) mounted within the tampon (16). Once the cannula (20) has reached the desired depth in the insertion cavity (1), the clinician releases the tampon head (60) from the sealed housing (30) by pressing the latch button (74), and then withdraws the tampon (16) proximally from the cannula assembly (12), as... Figure 3C As shown. This allows the working channel (14) of the cannulation assembly (12) to freely receive surgical instruments passing distally through it for laparoscopic surgery. As described above, tissue engagement ribs (26) located on the cannulation channel (22) grip the tissue layers (3,4,5) of the abdominal wall (2), thereby providing the cannulation assembly (12) with at least a minimum degree of stability relative to the abdominal wall (2). After the laparoscopic surgery is completed, the clinician grasps the sealing housing (30) and withdraws the cannulation assembly (12) proximally from the abdominal wall (2), as... Figure 3D As shown.

[0053] C. An exemplary reusable cannula with a disposable sealing assembly

[0054] In some cases, it may be desirable to construct the cannula so that one or more of its components can be sterilized and reused for multiple surgical procedures, while one or more other components can be easily and economically disposed of and replaced after each procedure. Figures 4 to 5 Another exemplary trocar (110) constructed in this manner is shown, which has a similar structure and function to the trocar (10) described above, unless otherwise described below.

[0055] Similar to the cannula (10), the cannula (110) includes a cannula assembly (112) having a working channel (114) and a tampon (116) configured to be coaxially inserted into the cannula assembly (112) along the working channel (114). The cannula assembly (112) includes a cannula (120) having: a bell-shaped hub (122) located at the proximal end of the cannula; and an elongated cylindrical tube (124) extending distally from the hub (122) and terminating at an angled cannula tip (126). The outer surface of the cannula (124) includes a plurality of tissue gripping features in the form of annular ribs (128) arranged axially along the middle portion of the cannula (124) and similar to the ribs (26) described above.

[0056] The cannulation assembly (112) also includes a sealing assembly (130). Unlike the sealing assembly defined by the sealing housing (30) of the cannula (10), the sealing assembly (130) is constructed as a modular, replaceable unit, designed to releasably engage with the proximal hub (122) of the cannula (120). Figure 5 As best shown, the sealing assembly (130) of this example typically includes an upper frame member (132), an intermediate frame member (134), and a lower frame member (136) arranged coaxially and fixed relative to each other. Although not shown, the proximal (or "outer") sealing structure is supported within the upper frame member (132), while the distal (or "inner") sealing structure is supported within the lower frame member (136). Such sealing structures may be structurally and functionally similar to the proximal and distal sealing structures of the cannula needle (10) described above. The sealing assembly (130) also includes a blow-in port (140) having an adjustable valve in the form of a stopcock valve (142).

[0057] The lower portion of the sealing assembly (130) distal to the inlet port (140) is configured to be housed within the proximal hub (122) of the cannula (120), such that an annular sealing member (144) arranged circumferentially around the lower portion seals against the inner surface of the cannula hub (122). In this manner, the interior of the sealing assembly (130) is in fluid communication with the lumen of the cannula (120) to define a working channel (114) for the cannula assembly (112), through which inlet fluid, surgical instruments, and tissue fragments can be guided, in a manner generally described above in conjunction with the cannula (10). The sealing assembly (130) may be further constructed in accordance with the teachings of one or more of the following patents: U.S. Patent Publication 2019 / 0090905 entitled “Trocar Seal Assemblies”, published March 28, 2019, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference; and / or U.S. Patent Publication 2019 / 0380742 entitled “Asymmetric Shaft Seal”, published December 19, 2019, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0058] like Figure 5 As best shown, the tampon (116) of the cannula (110) includes a proximal head (150), an elongated cylindrical shaft (152) extending distally from the head (150), and a tapered tip (154) located at the distal end of the shaft (152). The tampon head (150) includes a dome-shaped upper body (156), a base plate (158), and an actuable latching member (160) including a pair of downwardly extending latching arms (162) and a corresponding pair of latching buttons (164). The latching arms (162) are configured to be captured within corresponding slots (138) formed in the top surface of the upper frame member (132) of the sealing assembly (130) to engage the tampon (116) with the cannula assembly (112). The latch button (164) is actuable to release the locking arm (162) from the slot (138), thereby allowing the tampon (116) to separate from the cannulation assembly (112).

[0059] The cannula (120) and tampon (116) in this example are suitably constructed of robust materials such as surgical steel, allowing them to be sterilized and reused for multiple surgical procedures. In contrast, as described above, the sealing assembly (130) is constructed as a single-use unit, intended to be separate from the cannula (120) and replaced after each procedure. For example, the sealing assembly (130) may be constructed of a variety of polymeric materials, including plastics and rubber, making it easy to manufacture and sell at a price that allows the sealing assembly (130) to be disposed of after a single use, similar to the cannula (10) described above.

[0060] II. Exemplary Pinch Depth Limiter

[0061] In some cases, clinicians may wish to limit the depth to which a single-use or reusable cannula (10, 110) may travel within the abdominal wall (2) (e.g., after the cannula (10, 110) has been inserted to the desired location). Limiting the depth to which the cannula (10, 110) may travel within the abdominal wall (2) helps prevent the distal tips (64, 154) of the packer (16, 116) and / or the cannula tips (24, 126) of the cannulation assembly (12, 112) from inadvertently entering the abdominal cavity (1) deeper than desired. Preventing over-insertion of the cannula (10, 110) reduces undesirable contact between the distal tips (64, 154) and / or the cannula tips (24, 126) and the anatomical structures contained within the abdominal cavity (1). Preventing over-insertion of the cannula (10, 110) also avoids inadvertently reducing the available surgical working space within the abdominal cavity (1).

[0062] Alternatively, or in addition to limiting the depth to which a single-use or reusable cannula (10, 110) may travel in the abdominal wall (2), the clinician may wish to stabilize the cannula (10, 110) relative to the abdominal wall (2) (e.g., after inserting the cannula (10, 110) to the desired location in the abdominal cavity (1)). The clinician can stabilize the cannula (10, 110) relative to the abdominal wall (2) by avoiding under-insertion of the cannula (10, 110). Stabilizing the cannula (10, 110) relative to the abdominal wall (2) after insertion into the abdominal wall (2) helps prevent the cannula (10, 110) from inadvertently pivoting around the insertion point in the abdominal wall (2) after the clinician releases the cannula (10, 110). The cannula (10, 110) stabilizes the insertion tip (24, 126) and thus maintains the entry point of the surgical instrument into the abdominal cavity (1) in the desired position and / or orientation relative to the abdominal cavity (1), so that the surgical instrument can be easily guided distally through the cannula (10, 110) at a working angle convenient for the clinician.

[0063] A. An exemplary pinch depth limiter with a movable hinge

[0064] Figure 6 A first exemplary depth limiter (200) is shown that selectively clamps the cannula (124) to the second trocar (110). As described in more detail below, the depth limiter (200) can selectively limit the depth to which the trocar (110) can travel distally into the abdominal wall (2).

[0065] like Figures 7-8CAs best shown, the depth limiter (200) includes a first body portion and a second body portion (202, 204) pivotally connected to each other via a hinge (206), such that the first body portion and the second body portion (202, 204) are capable of being in at least one open configuration relative to each other (e.g., Figure 8A ) and at least one clamping configuration (e.g., Figure 8B Pivoting between the first and second body parts (202, 204) and the hinge (206). In the example shown, the first and second body parts (202, 204) and the hinge (206) are integrally formed as a single piece. For example, the first and second body parts (202, 204) and the hinge (206) can be molded together as a single component, for example, from a polymer material (including one or more plastics). This construction allows the depth limiter (200) to be considered a single-use unit, intended to be separate from the cannula (120) and replaced after each procedure. For example, this construction allows the depth limiter (200) to be easily manufactured and sold at a certain price point, making the depth limiter (200) suitable for disposal after single use, similar to the cannula (10) and sealing assembly (130) described above. In other forms, one or more parts of the depth limiter (200) can be formed from surgical steel or other materials suitable for making the depth limiter sterilizable and reusable for a variety of surgical procedures. In any case, the hinge (206) shown includes a thinned portion of the same material as the first body portion and the second body portion (202, 204), such that the first body portion and the second body portion (202, 204) are allowed to bend around it, such that the hinge (206) can be considered a “movable” hinge.

[0066] In the example shown, when the first body portion and the second body portion (202, 204) are in the clamped configuration, the depth limiter (200) has a generally annular annular profile, and when the first body portion and the second body portion (202, 204) are in the open configuration, they have generally separate annular profiles.

[0067] Therefore, the first and second body portions (202, 204) respectively include a first generally C-shaped proximal surface and a second generally C-shaped proximal surface (210, 212), a first generally C-shaped distal surface and a second generally C-shaped distal surface (214, 216), a first generally semi-circular inner surface and a second generally semi-circular inner surface (220, 222), and a first generally semi-circular outer surface and a second generally semi-circular outer surface (224, 226). Each body portion (202, 204) extends between a corresponding hinge end (230, 232) and a corresponding closure end (234, 236), such that each body portion (202, 204) has a generally C-shaped profile. The hinge (206) is positioned between the first hinge end and the second hinge end (230, 232) and at the interface between the first outer surface and the second outer surface (224, 226), such that when the first body portion and the second body portion (202, 204) are in a clamping configuration, the first closed end and the second closed end (234, 236) are in contact or close to contact with each other; and the first closed end and the second closed end (234, 236) are spaced apart from each other when the first body portion and the second body portion (202, 204) are in an open configuration. In this manner, the first inner surface and the second inner surface (220, 222) together define an expandable cylindrical hole (240) extending longitudinally along the central axis (C) of the depth limiter (200), and have a relatively contracted configuration when the first body portion and the second body portion (202, 204) are in a clamping configuration, and have a relatively uncontracted configuration when the first body portion and the second body portion (202, 204) are in an open configuration.

[0068] More specifically, and as Figure 8B As shown, when the first main body portion and the second main body portion (202, 204) are in a clamping configuration, the first inner surface and the second inner surface (220, 222) can together form a first effective lateral dimension (D1), which extends along the diameter and its size is set to limit the axial movement of the depth limiter (200) relative to the insertion channel (124) of the cannula (110), for example by creating an interference condition between the insertion channel (124) and the first inner surface and the second inner surface (220, 222). On the other hand, and as Figure 8A As shown, when the first body portion and the second body portion (202, 204) are in the open configuration, the first inner surface and the second inner surface (220, 222) can together form a second effective lateral dimension (D2), which extends along the diameter and is sized to allow axial movement of the depth limiter (200) relative to the insertion channel (124) of the cannula (110), for example by allowing the first inner surface and the second inner surface (220, 222) to slide along the insertion channel (124).

[0069] The first and second inner surfaces (220, 222) shown each include one or more tube gripping features in the form of radially inwardly extending ridges (242) arranged circumferentially around them. The ridges (242) are configured to grip the outer surfaces (such as ribs (128) of the cannula (124) when the first and second body portions (202, 204) are in a clamping configuration, thereby helping to limit the axial movement of the depth limiter (200) relative to the cannula (124). More specifically, the ridges (242) of this example extend substantially between the respective proximal surfaces (210, 212) and distal surfaces (214, 216) of the respective body portions (202, 204), such that each ridge (242) can extend across and grip multiple ribs (128). However, it should be understood that in other forms of the depth limiter (200), the first inner surface and the second inner surface (220, 222) may be provided with various other types of pipe gripping features. In one example, the pipe gripping features may be omitted, such that when the first body portion and the second body portion (202, 204) are in the clamping configuration, the first inner surface and the second inner surface (220, 222) directly grip the insertion pipe (124).

[0070] The first and second outer surfaces (224, 226) shown each include a first finger gripping portion and a second finger gripping portion (250, 252) positioned approximately centrally between the respective hinge ends (230, 232) and the closing ends (234, 236) and diametrically opposed. The first and second finger gripping portions (250, 252) are configured to provide the user with visual and / or tactile indications of positions on the first and second body portions (202, 204) to be squeezed or pinched against each other, so as to effectively and ergonomically move the first and second body portions (202, 204) toward a clamping configuration.

[0071] like Figures 8A-8CAs shown, the depth limiter (200) also includes a first locking member in the form of a ratchet post or pawl (260) extending circumferentially from a first blocking end (234) of the first body portion (202) toward a second blocking end (236) of the second body portion (204). In the example shown, the pawl (260) includes radially outwardly oriented pawl teeth (262) and terminates in a release tab (264). The pawl teeth (262) include a relatively steep locking surface (266) generally facing the first blocking end (234) and a relatively gentle cam-acting surface (268) generally facing away from the first blocking end (234). In the example shown, the pawl (260) extends into the cavity (270) of the second body portion (204) via a hole (272) provided in the second blocking end (236). As described in more detail below, the pawl (260) is radially and elastically offset outward relative to the central axis (C).

[0072] The depth limiter (200) also includes a second locking member in the form of a circumferentially extending ratchet or rack (280), which is positioned within the second body portion (204) and includes a series of alternating radially inwardly oriented rack teeth (282) and rack recesses (284). Each rack tooth (282) includes a relatively steep locking surface (286) generally facing away from the second blocking end (236) and a relatively gentle cam-acting surface (288) generally facing the second blocking end (236). Each rack recess (284) is sized and configured to receive a ratchet tooth (262) when aligned with it.

[0073] In the example shown, the cam action surface (288) of each rack tooth (282) is configured to, for example, as Figure 8A As shown, when the first finger gripper and the second finger gripper (250, 252) are pressed or pinched toward each other, the cam action surface (268) of the engaging pawl tooth (262) allows the first body portion and the second body portion (202, 204) to move from the open configuration toward the clamping configuration. More specifically, the cam action surface (288) of each rack tooth (282) is configured to at least partially redirect the cam action surface (268) of the pawl tooth (262) by overcoming the radially outward bias of the pawl tooth (262) to push the pawl tooth (262) radially inward. This interaction allows the pawl tooth (262) to advance along the rack tooth (282), and thus allows the pawl (260) to advance further into the cavity (270) (e.g., based on...). Figure 8AThe reference frame in the middle is clockwise, allowing the first and second blocking ends (234, 236) to pivot about the hinge (206) toward each other. In this way, the pawl (260) and the rack (280) can cooperate to allow the first and second body portions (202, 204) to approach the clamping configuration.

[0074] Conversely, the locking surface (286) of each rack tooth (282) is configured to engage the locking surface (266) of the pawl tooth (262) to prevent and / or impede movement of the first and second body portions (202, 204) toward the open configuration, such as Figure 8B As shown. More specifically, the locking surface (286) of each rack tooth (282) is configured to engage or abut the locking surface (266) of the pawl tooth (262) when the radial outward bias of the pawl tooth (262) pushes the pawl tooth (262) into the corresponding rack recess (284), thereby securely positioning the pawl tooth (262) within the rack recess (284). This prevents the pawl tooth (262) from retracting along the rack tooth (282), and thus prevents the pawl (260) from being withdrawn from the inner cavity (270) (e.g., based on...). Figure 8B The reference frame in the diagram is counterclockwise, preventing the first and second blocking ends (234, 236) from pivoting away from each other about the hinge (206). In this way, the pawl (260) and rack (280) can cooperate to prevent and / or inhibit movement of the first and second body portions (202, 204) toward the open configuration. In the example shown, when the first and second body portions (202, 204) are in the clamping configuration, at least one rack recess (284) is positioned to receive the pawl teeth (262), wherein the first and second blocking ends (234, 236) are in contact or near contact with each other. Therefore, when the first and second body portions (202, 204) are in the clamping configuration, the pawl (260) and rack (280) can cooperate to selectively lock the first and second body portions (202, 204) in the clamping configuration. However, it should be understood that in other forms of depth limiter (200), depth limiter (200) may be provided with various other types of locking components.

[0075] The depth limiter (200) of this type also includes an unlocking member in the form of a release button (290), which is located in a local area of ​​the second body portion (204) near the rack (280). The release button (290) includes a flexible cantilever protrusion or flange (292) adjacent to the second outer surface (226), a radially inwardly oriented protrusion (294) positioned at or near the end of the flange (292), and a third finger gripping portion (296) positioned along the flange (292) on the second outer surface (226). The flange (292) can be oriented towards... Figure 8A and Figure 8B The configuration shown is biased and can be flexed in at least the radially inward direction. Figure 8C The configuration shown allows the protrusion (294) to selectively move radially inward toward the release tab (264) of the pawl (260), as described in more detail below.

[0076] In the example shown, the protrusion (294) of the release button (290) is configured to selectively engage the release tab (264) of the pawl (260) to allow movement of the first body portion and the second body portion (202, 204) from the clamping configuration toward the opening configuration, as shown. Figure 8C As shown. More specifically, the protrusion (294) of the release button (290) is configured to selectively release the pawl tooth (262) from at least one rack recess (284) when the flange (292) is pressed radially inward together with the pawl tooth (262) by overcoming the radially outward bias of the release tab (264). As a result, the locking surface (266) of the pawl tooth (262) disengages from the corresponding locking surface (286) of the rack tooth (282), which allows the pawl tooth (262) to retract at least partially along the rack tooth (282), and thus allows the pawl (260) to be at least partially withdrawn from the cavity (270) (e.g., based on Figure 8C The reference frame in the middle is in a counterclockwise direction, such that the first and second blocking surfaces (234, 236) pivot about the hinge (206) away from each other. The third finger grip (296) is configured to provide the user with a visual and / or tactile indication of the radially inward pressing position on the second body part (204) to effectively and ergonomically move the protrusion (294) toward the release tab (264) of the pawl (260) for releasing the pawl teeth (262) from the rack recess (284). In this way, the release button (290) and the pawl (260) can cooperate to selectively allow movement of the first and second body parts (202, 204) from the clamping configuration to the opening configuration. However, it should be understood that in other forms of the depth limiter (200), the depth limiter (200) may be provided with various other types of unlocking members.

[0077] In some examples, the first and second body portions (202, 204) can be biased toward the open configuration. For example, the first and second closed ends (234, 36) can be elastically biased away from each other, for example, by a torsion spring member (not shown) incorporated into the hinge (206) or by an external spring member (not shown) positioned directly between the first and second closed ends (234, 236). In other examples, the hinge (206) can be configured as a movable hinge with a shape and thickness suitable for applying opposite elastic biases at its hinge ends (230, 232) on the body portions (202, 204). In this way, the first and second body portions (202, 204) can be configured to automatically move from the clamping configuration toward the open configuration in response to the release of the pawl tooth (262) from the rack recess (284). Alternatively, the first and second body portions (202, 204) may be configured to be gripped by a user and manually moved toward an open configuration when the pawl teeth (262) are released from the rack recess (284).

[0078] During operation and continue to refer to Figures 8A-8C The depth limiter (200) can be initially positioned around the cannula (124) of the trocar (110) such that the cannula (124) is received within an expandable orifice (240) before the trocar (110) is deployed into the patient's abdominal cavity (1). In one example, the central axis (C) of the depth limiter (200) can coincide with the central axis (not shown) of the trocar (110). When the trocar (110) is deployed into the abdominal cavity (1), the first body portion and the second body portion (202, 204) can be in an open configuration or a clamped configuration, as needed.

[0079] In some cases, clinicians may wish to allow axial movement of the depth limiter (200) relative to the cannula (124) of the trocar (110) during deployment. Therefore, clinicians can choose to maintain the first and second body portions (202, 204) in an open configuration. By maintaining the first and second body portions (202, 204) in an open configuration, the cannula (124) is not constrained by the expandable orifice (240). More specifically, the first and second inner surfaces (220, 222) can collectively form a second effective lateral dimension (D2) to allow axial movement of the depth limiter (200) relative to the cannula (124) of the trocar (110), such as... Figure 8A As shown.

[0080] In other cases, clinicians may wish to restrict the axial movement of the depth limiter (200) relative to the cannula (124) of the cannula (110) during deployment. For example, a clinician may wish to position the depth limiter (200) at a predetermined axial position along the cannula (124) corresponding to the desired insertion depth of the cannula (120) within the cavity (1). Thus, the clinician can choose to move the first and second body portions (202, 204) from an open configuration toward a clamping configuration. For this purpose, the clinician can squeeze or pinch the first and second finger grippers (250, 252) together with their thumb (T) and fingers (F), as in... Figure 8A The first and second body portions (202, 204) are indicated by the first and second arrows (A1, A2) respectively, to effectively and ergonomically move the first and second body portions toward the clamping configuration. By moving the first and second body portions (202, 204) toward the clamping configuration, the insertion channel (124) can be constrained by the expandable orifice (240). More specifically, the first and second inner surfaces (220, 222) can together form a first effective lateral dimension (D1) to limit the axial movement of the depth limiter (200) relative to the insertion channel (124) of the cannula needle (110), as... Figure 8B As shown. The ridge (242) can grip the outer surface of the cannula (124) to help limit the axial movement of the depth limiter relative to the cannula (124). The first and second body portions (202, 204) can be allowed to move toward the clamping configuration by the engagement of the pawl (260) and rack (280) described above. Once the first and second body portions (202, 204) have reached the closed configuration, the pawl (260) and rack (280) can engage to selectively lock the first and second body portions (202, 204) in the clamping configuration, as described above, so that the depth limiter (200) can apply continuous clamping pressure to the cannula (124). Therefore, the clinician can release the first and second finger grippers (250, 252) while the depth limiter (200) remains reliably clamped to the cannula (124).

[0081] With the depth restrictor (200) positioned around the cannula (124) in either an axially restricted or unrestricted state, the clinician can deploy the cannula (110) into the patient's abdominal cavity (1), as described above regarding Figure 3A and Figure 3BThe cannula (120) is positioned at the desired insertion depth within the cavity (1). When the depth limiter (200) is deployed to the cannula (124) at a predetermined axial position along the cannula (124) corresponding to the desired insertion depth of the cannula (120) within the cavity (1), contact between the distal surfaces (214, 216) of the depth limiter (200) and the abdominal wall (2) can provide the clinician with a visual and / or tactile indication that the cannula (120) has reached the desired insertion depth within the cavity (1). In this way, the depth limiter (200) can help prevent the distal tip (154) of the tampon (116) and / or the tip (126) of the cannula assembly (112) from inadvertently entering the abdominal cavity (1) deeper than desired during deployment. In other cases, the depth limiter (200) can clamp onto the cannula (124) after the cannula (120) is positioned at the desired insertion depth in the cavity (1).

[0082] In some cases, it may be desirable to adjust the axial position of the depth limiter (200) along the cannula (124) after the depth limiter (200) has been clamped into the cannula (124). Therefore, the clinician can choose to move the first and second body portions (202, 204) from the clamping configuration toward the opening configuration. For this purpose, the clinician can radially press the third finger support (296) inward with the clinician's finger (F), as... Figure 8C As indicated by the third arrow (A3), the protrusion (294) is moved toward the release tab (264) of the pawl (260) in an efficient and ergonomic manner, thereby releasing the pawl teeth (262) from the rack recess (284), allowing the first and second body portions (202, 204) to move from the clamping configuration toward the opening configuration, as described above. By moving the first and second body portions (202, 204) toward the opening configuration, the cannula (124) can be freed from the constraints of the expandable orifice (240). More specifically, the first and second inner surfaces (220, 222) can together form a second effective lateral dimension (D2) to allow axial movement of the depth limiter (200) relative to the cannula (110) of the cannula (124), as... Figure 8C As shown. Therefore, the clinician can adjust the axial position of the depth limiter (200) along the cannula (124), and can subsequently re-clamp the depth limiter (200) onto the cannula (124), as referenced above. Figure 8A and Figure 8B As described.

[0083] A depth limiter (200) can be held clamped to the cannulation tube (124) during laparoscopic surgery, wherein the first and second distal surfaces (214, 216) of the depth limiter (200) are positioned against the abdominal wall (2). In this manner, the depth limiter (200) helps prevent the tip (126) of the cannulation assembly (112) from inadvertently entering the abdominal cavity (1) deeper than intended during laparoscopic surgery.

[0084] After the laparoscopic surgery is completed, the depth limiter (200) can be withdrawn proximally from the abdominal wall (2) together with the cannulation assembly (112). The depth limiter (200) can be released from the cannulation channel (124) by moving the first and second body portions (202, 204) toward the open configuration, as referenced above. Figure 8C As described above. In one example, the depth limiter (200) can be easily disposed of after a single laparoscopic surgery is completed.

[0085] B. An exemplary pinch depth limiter with a locking mechanism

[0086] In some cases, it may be desirable to provide a cannulation depth limiter with a closing mechanism that differs from the ratchet rack mechanism (260, 280) of the depth limiter (200) described above. Figure 9 A second exemplary depth limiter (300) is shown that selectively clamps the cannula (124) to the second trocar (110). Similar to the depth limiter (200), the depth limiter (300) can selectively limit the depth to which the trocar (110) can travel distally into the abdominal wall (2). Figures 10-11B As best shown, the depth limiters (300) include those connected to each other via hinges (306) and capable of opening in an configuration (e.g., Figure 10 and Figure 11A ) and clamping configurations (e.g., Figure 11B The first main body and the second main body (302, 304) pivot between them.

[0087] The first and second body portions (302, 304) include a first and second proximal surface (310, 312), a first and second distal surface (314, 316), a first and second inner surface (320, 322), a first and second outer surface (324, 326), a first and second hinge end (330, 332), and a first and second occluded end (334, 336). The first and second body portions (302, 304) also include a first and second steering knuckle (340, 342), which, together with a pin (344), define a hinge (306). The first and second inner surfaces (320, 322) together define an expandable cylindrical bore (348).

[0088] The depth limiter (300) includes a convex fastener (350) comprising an axially compressible unfolded column (352) having proximal and distal column portions (354, 356) that are generally parallel to each other and overlap each other in the radial direction, and flexibly coupled to a first outer surface (324) via corresponding proximal and distal sidewalls (360, 362) and a base wall (364). The proximal and distal sidewalls (360, 362) can be elastically biased toward the illustrated configuration, wherein the unfolded column (352) can have a first effective height and can be flexible in at least an axially inward direction, such that the proximal and distal column portions (354, 356) can be axially inwardly moved toward each other to provide a second effective height for the unfolded column (352). The proximal and distal post portions (354, 356) each include a proximal post tooth and a distal post tooth (366, 368), and each includes a proximal recess and a distal recess (370, 372). Each post tooth (366, 368) includes a locking surface (374) and a cam action surface (376).

[0089] The depth limiter (300) also includes a concave fastener (380) comprising a hole (382) disposed in a sidewall (384) of the concave fastener (380), the concave fastener being fixedly connected to a second outer surface (326) via a base wall (386). The size and configuration of the hole (382) are configured to selectively restrict the unfolded post (352) from passing through the hole when the unfolded post (352) has a first effective height, and to selectively allow the unfolded post (352) to pass through the hole when the unfolded post (352) has a second effective height. A stop band (388) is positioned behind the hole (382) relative to the convex fastener (350).

[0090] The outer edge of the hole (382) is configured to at least partially redirect the cam action surface (376) of the spur teeth (366, 368) so as, for example, when the first body portion and the second body portion (302, 304) are squeezed at their diametrically opposite positions or when pinched together by the clinician’s fingers (F) and thumb (T) toward each other (e.g.) Figure 11A The fourth and fifth arrows (A4, A5) respectively indicate that the axially inward pushes the cylindrical teeth (366, 368). Therefore, the effective height of the unfolded cylinder (352) can be reduced from a first effective height to a second effective height, allowing the cylindrical teeth (366, 368) to advance through the hole (382). The peripheral edge of the hole (382) is configured to engage or abut the locking surface (374) of the cylindrical teeth (366, 368) when the axially outward bias of the cylindrical teeth (366, 368) pushes the corresponding recesses (370, 372) to engage with the peripheral edge of the hole (382), thereby preventing the unfolded cylinder (352) from being pulled out of the hole (382). The proximal and distal sidewalls (360, 362) are configured to pinch or squeeze toward each other to selectively push the column teeth (366, 368) axially inward, thereby reducing the unfolded column (352) from a first effective height to a second effective height and allowing the column teeth (366, 368) to retract through the hole (382).

[0091] The depth limiter (300) also includes a plug or spacer (390) positioned distally relative to the first and second body portions (302, 304) and comprising a truncated conical body (392) and a cylindrical aperture (394) configured to slidably receive a cannula (124) of the trocar (110). The spacer (390) is configured to be positioned around the cannula (124) between the distal surface (314, 316) and the abdominal wall (2) to prevent the hinge (306) from unintentionally compressing the abdominal wall (2) during pivoting of the first and second body portions (302, 304) toward or away from each other. In one example, each of the first and second body portions (302, 304), the convex and concave fasteners (350, 380), and the spacer (390) may be individually formed as a separate piece, for example, from one or more plastic or metallic materials.

[0092] C. Third Exemplary Depth Limiter

[0093] Figure 12A perspective view of a third exemplary depth limiter (1010) is shown. The depth limiter (1010) includes a hub (1012) and a plurality of legs (1014). The depth limiter (1010) can be used in conjunction with the depth limiters (200, 300) described above. Although the hub (1012) is shown as generally square, other shapes of hubs (1012) are also conceivable. As shown, the hub (1012) includes a bore (1016) that extends fully through it. The bore (1016) may include a gripping surface (1018). The gripping surface (1018) may extend parallel to a longitudinal axis defined by the cannula conduit (22) of the cannula (20). Although Figures 12-13B refer to Figure 1 The cannula (10) with insertion channel (22) described has a depth limiter (1010), but other cannula channels (e.g., cannula (124)) may also be used. The gripping surface (1018) may be smooth or non-smooth. Figure 12 As shown, the gripping surface (1018) includes a smooth surface that can frictionally engage with a portion of the cannula (20), such as a rib (26) . Alternatively, the gripping surface (1018) may include a non-smooth surface that may include one or more features to lockably engage with the cannula conduit (22). In other words, the depth limiter (1010) may be secured to the cannula (20) using a mating thread (such as a nut) or a suitable amount of interference fit. Such threads of the depth limiter (1010) may be helical or non-helical (e.g., fan-shaped). For example, the gripping surface (1018) may include at least one tooth configured to lockably engage with at least one rib (26) of the cannula (20).

[0094] The legs (1014) may have a generally constant cross-sectional area that moves radially away from the hub (1012); however, the legs (1014) may have a non-uniform cross-section. For example, one or more ends of the legs (1014) may include cup-shaped portions (1020) to distribute downward forces. As shown, the legs (1014) are spaced approximately 90 degrees apart. More or fewer legs (1014) are also conceivable.

[0095] A depth limiter (1010) provides additional stability to the cannula (10) against tilting. The depth limiter (1010) may be configured to use legs (1014) to limit sudden tilting, thereby stabilizing the cannula (20). The depth limiter (1010) is configured to prevent accidental over-insertion while also limiting the displacement and / or velocity of the cannula (10) to stabilize it. This stabilization may be achieved using the mechanical spring effect of each leg (1014). The legs (1014) may have reduced mass, allowing them to flex outward, resulting in a variable spring resistance in each direction in which the cannula (10) attempts to tilt. For example, the legs (1014) may have a reduced mass portion (e.g., a movable hinge portion) and / or may rely on the inherent spring force of the legs (1014). The leg (1014) may contact the patient’s body wall to prevent or at least slow the tilting of the cannula (20).

[0096] Figures 13A-13B The depth limiter (1010) is shown; however, Figures 13A-13B The teaching content can also be applied to the depth limiters (1110, 1210) described in detail below. Figure 13A It shows the relationship with Figure 1 The cannula needle (10) is connected to the cannula assembly (12) and the cannula tube (22). Figure 12 A partial side sectional view of the depth limiter (1010), wherein the leg (1014) of the depth limiter (1010) is in a non-deployed configuration when the distal end of the cannula (10) is received within the abdominal cavity (1). Figure 13A In the non-deployed configuration (e.g., the stationary configuration), the legs (1014) can bend downwards. As the depth limiter (1010) is pushed against the abdominal wall (2), the legs (1014) bend flatter, providing a reaction force against the abdominal wall (2) and the cannula (20). The degree to which the legs (1014) bend flatter can be controlled by the user. For example, an additional force (e.g., downward hand pressure from the user) may cause the legs (1014) to bend flatter until the depth limiter (1010) is positioned close to the abdominal wall (2). As the flatness of the legs (1014) increases, the amount of reaction force on the cannula (20) may also increase, which increases the locking force. For example, the legs (1014) may have a degree of deployment when the user has pressed the depth limiter (1010) into a partially (but not fully) deployed configuration. Additionally, if the user subsequently applies an off-axis load, one or more of the legs (1014) may press further than the other legs (1014), but when the off-axis load is removed, the legs (1014) can balance and return to their original centered position in a controlled manner.

[0097] Figure 13BThe following is shown after the separation and removal of the packer (16) and... Figure 1 The cannulation assembly (12) is connected to the cannulation tube (22). Figure 12 A partial side cross-sectional view of the depth limiter (1010) is shown, wherein the legs (1014) of the depth limiter (1010) are in an extended configuration with the distal end of the cannula (22) received within the abdominal cavity (1). In the extended configuration, the legs (1014) reduce the amount of rotational displacement / tilting that the cannula (10) can achieve, and also reduce the speed at which the cannula (10) can achieve this tilting (i.e., preventing sudden, accidental movement within the body). To completely disengage the depth limiter (1010) from the cannula (22), the user can retract the cannula (20) outside the abdominal wall (2) to sufficiently reduce the compressive / clamping force of the depth limiter (1010) on the abdominal wall (2), allowing the user to pull the depth limiter (1010) back with their hands. The depth limiter (1010) can be disposable or reusable.

[0098] D. Fourth Exemplary Depth Limiter

[0099] Figure 14 A fourth exemplary depth limiter (1110) similar to the depth limiter (1010) is shown. The depth limiter (1110) includes a hub (1112) similar to a hub (1012), legs (1114) similar to legs (1014), holes (1116) similar to holes (1016), and gripping surfaces (1118) similar to gripping surfaces (1018). The legs (1114) may include cup-shaped portions (1120) similar to cup-shaped portions (1020). Unlike the depth limiter (1010) shown as including four legs (1014), the depth limiter (1110) includes two legs (1114). For example, the legs (1114) can be separated by approximately 180 degrees. The legs (1114) are similar to those in the reference above. Figures 13A-13B The legs (1014) are bent as shown.

[0100] E. Fifth Exemplary Depth Limiter

[0101] Figure 15A fifth exemplary depth limiter (1210) similar to depth limiters (1010, 1110) is shown. The depth limiter (1210) includes a hub (1212) similar to a hub (1012), legs (1214) similar to legs (1014), holes (1216) similar to holes (1016), and gripping surfaces (1218) similar to gripping surfaces (1018). The legs (1114) may include cup-shaped portions (1220) similar to cup-shaped portions (1020). Unlike the depth limiter (1010) shown as including four legs (1014), the depth limiter (1210) includes three legs (1214). For example, the legs (1214) may be evenly spaced approximately 120 degrees circumferentially around the hub (1212). However, the legs (1214) may be unevenly spaced. In some cases, using three or four legs (1014, 1214, 1314, 1414) allows for further stability and ergonomics to allow the user's (U) fingers to grasp. The legs (1214) can be similar to those referenced above. Figures 13A-13B The legs (1014) are bent as shown.

[0102] F. Sixth Exemplary Depth Limiter

[0103] Figures 16-18B A sixth exemplary depth limiter (1310) is shown. Specifically, Figure 16 A perspective view of the depth limiter (1310) is shown. As shown, the depth limiter (1310) includes a hub (1312) and a plurality of legs (1314) extending from the hub (1312). The depth limiter (1310) can be used in conjunction with any or more of the depth limiters (200, 300) described above. Although the hub (1312) is shown as generally cylindrical, other shapes of hubs (1312) are also conceivable. As shown, the hub (1312) includes a bore 1316 and a plurality of recesses 1318. The recesses (1318) allow the depth limiter (1310) to be converted from a movable configuration to a fixed configuration.

[0104] The aperture (1316) includes a gripping surface (1320) configured to engage with the outer surface of the cannula (124) in a fixed configuration. The gripping surface (1320) may extend parallel to the longitudinal axis defined by the cannula (124) of the cannula (120). Although Figures 17A-18B The depth limiter (1310) is described with reference to the insertion cannula (124) of the cannula (110), but other insertion cannulas (e.g., insertion cannula (22)) may also be used. The gripping surface (1320) may be smooth or non-smooth. Figure 16As shown, the gripping surface (1320) may include a smooth surface that frictionally engages with the ribs (128) of the cannula (120) in a fixed configuration. Alternatively, the gripping surface (1320) may include a non-smooth surface that may include one or more features for locking engagement with the cannula conduit (124). The hub (1312) of the depth limiter (1310) may be secured to the cannula (120) using a mating thread (such as a nut) or an interference fit. The thread may be helical or non-helical (e.g., fan-shaped). For example, the gripping surface (1320) may include at least one tooth configured to lockably engage with at least one rib (128) of the cannula (120). For example, a notch (1318) may be formed in the hub (1312) of the depth limiter (1310) such that when sufficient force is applied to each leg (1314), the leg (1314) may selectively collapse, causing the gripping surface (1320) to clamp more tightly onto the cannula (120). Thus, the depth limiter (1310) can limit the insertion depth of the cannula channel (124) of the cannula (120) and provide stability control of the cannula channel (124) of the cannula (120).

[0105] The legs (1314) may have a generally tapered cross-section that moves radially away from the hub (1312). For example, one or more ends of the legs (1314) may include distal end pads (1322) to distribute downward forces. As shown, the legs (1314) are spaced approximately 90 degrees apart. The legs (1314) may be spaced unevenly. Alternatively, more or fewer legs (1314) are also conceivable (similar to...). Figures 14 to 15 (The legs associated with the depth limiters (1110, 1210) are shown.) The depth limiter (1310) provides additional stability to the cannula (110) against tilting. The depth limiter (1310) may be configured to use the legs (1314) to limit sudden tilting, thereby stabilizing the cannula (120). The legs (1314) may contact the body wall to prevent or at least slow down tilting of the cannula (120).

[0106] Figure 17A and Figure 18A A depth limiter (1310) in a movable configuration is shown. Specifically, Figure 17A It shows the relationship with Figure 5 The cannulation assembly (112) is connected to the cannulation conduit (124). Figure 16 Top plan view of the depth limiter (1310), wherein the hub (1312) of the depth limiter (1310) is in a movable configuration. Figure 18A It shows the relationship with Figure 5 The cannulation assembly (112) is connected to the cannulation conduit (124). Figure 16A partial side sectional view of the depth limiter (1310), wherein the legs (1314) of the depth limiter (1310) are in a movable configuration. Figure 17A and Figure 18A In the movable configuration, the gripping surface (1320) forms a second effective diameter (ED2), which allows axial movement of the depth limiter (1310) relative to the outer diameter of the cannula (124) of the cannula (120). In the movable configuration, which is also considered a stationary configuration, the legs (1314) bend downwards. Once pushed against the abdominal wall (2), the legs (1314) bend more flat and provide reaction forces against the abdominal wall (2) and the cannula (120).

[0107] Figure 17B and Figure 18B A depth limiter (1310) in a fixed configuration is shown. Specifically, Figure 17B The diagram shows the interaction after the tampon (116) is separated and removed. Figure 5 The cannulation assembly (112) is connected to the cannulation conduit (124). Figure 16 A partial side sectional view of the depth limiter (1310), wherein the leg (1314) of the depth limiter (1310) is in a fixed configuration. Figure 18B The diagram shows the interaction after the tampon (116) is separated and removed. Figure 5 The cannulation assembly (112) is connected to the cannulation conduit (124). Figure 16 A partial side cross-sectional view of the depth limiter (1310), wherein the legs (1314) of the depth limiter (1310) are in a fixed configuration. In the fixed configuration, the notch (1318) can be forced closed to narrow the orifice (1316). The legs (1314) reduce the amount of rotational displacement / tilting that the cannula (110) may exhibit, and also reduce the rate at which the cannula (110) may tilt (i.e., prevent sudden movement within the body). In the fixed configuration, the gripping surfaces (1320) together form a first effective diameter (ED1) that limits the axial movement of the depth limiter (1310) relative to the cannula (120) by direct contact with the cannula (120). The depth limiter (1310) can be disposable or reusable.

[0108] G. Seventh Exemplary Depth Limiter

[0109] Figure 19A top cross-sectional view of a seventh exemplary depth limiter (1410) is shown. The depth limiter (1410) includes a hub (1412) and a plurality of legs (1414) extending from the hub (1412). The depth limiter (1410) can be used in conjunction with any or more of the depth limiters (200, 300) described above. In some forms, the hub (1412) can be generally cylindrical. As shown, the hub (1412) includes a bore (1416) configured to receive a cannula (120) conduit (124). As shown, the legs (1414) can be separated by approximately 90 degrees. However, the legs (1414) can be separated unevenly. Alternatively, more or fewer legs (1414) are also conceivable, similar to Figures 14 to 15 The depth limiter (1110, 1210) is shown.

[0110] The depth limiter (1410) includes a fluid chamber (1418) that may be disposed within the hub (1412) and the leg (1414). For example, the fluid chamber (1418) may be completely surrounded by the hub (1412) and the leg (1414). The fluid chamber may include a plurality of fluid channels (1420) including a narrow portion (1422). The narrow portion (1422) may be generally disposed between the hub (1412) and the leg (1414). The narrow portion (1422) regulates the flow between the hub (1412) and the leg (1414). In other words, the fluid chamber (1418) may be integrated into the leg (1414), wherein the narrow portion (1422) forms a restricted flow region at the base of each leg (1414). As shown, one or more ends of the legs (1414) may include extensions (1424) configured to extend from a compression configuration (C) to an expansion configuration (E). A depth limiter (1410) provides additional stability to the cannula (110) against tilting. As additional tilting forces act on each individual leg (1414), fluid may be redistributed to the other legs (1414), but the fluid may be restricted by these confined areas (1422), thus creating a damping effect on the tilting of the cannula (110). This damping effect regulates the rate of tilting of the cannula (110). Therefore, the depth limiter (1410) can limit sudden tilting of the cannula (110) via confined fluid flow between the legs (1414), thereby stabilizing the insertion (120).

[0111] The orifice (1416) includes a gripping surface (1426) that can engage with the outer surface of the cannula (124) of the cannula (120). The gripping surface (1426) may extend parallel to the longitudinal axis defined by the cannula (124) of the cannula (120). The gripping surface (1426) may be smooth or non-smooth. Figure 19 As shown, the gripping surface (1426) may include a smooth surface that frictionally engages with the ribs (128) of the cannula (120). Alternatively, the gripping surface (1426) may include a non-smooth surface that may include one or more features for locking engagement with the cannula conduit (124). For example, the hub (1412) of the depth limiter (1410) may be secured to the cannula (120) or to a fan-shaped cannula using a mating thread (such as a nut). The thread may be helical or non-helical (e.g., fan-shaped). For example, the gripping surface (1426) may include at least one tooth configured to lockably engage with at least one rib (128) of the cannula (120). The depth limiter (1410) may be disposable.

[0112] III. Exemplary Combinations

[0113] The following examples illustrate various non-exhaustive ways in which the teachings herein can be combined or applied. It should be understood that the following examples are not intended to limit the scope of any claims that may be provided at any time in this patent application or a subsequent filing thereof. No disclaimer is intended. The following examples are provided merely for illustrative purposes. It is contemplated that the various teachings herein may be arranged and applied in a variety of other ways. It is also contemplated that some variations may omit certain features mentioned in the following examples. Therefore, none of the aspects or features mentioned below should be considered definitive unless otherwise expressly indicated, for example, by the inventor or a successor of the inventor of interest, at a later date. If any claim set forth in this patent application or a subsequent filing related to this patent application includes additional features beyond those mentioned below, such additional features should not be presumed to have been added for any reason related to patentability.

[0114] Example 1

[0115] A depth limiter configured to engage with the cannula of a trocar, the depth limiter comprising: (a) a body extending about a central axis and configured to surround the cannula, wherein the body includes: (i) a first body portion; (ii) a second body portion opposite to the first body portion, wherein the first body portion and the second body portion are pivotally connected together by a hinge such that the first body portion and the second body portion are pivotable relative to each other about the hinge between an open configuration and a clamping configuration; (iii) a first inner surface provided by the first body portion; and (iv) a second inner surface provided by the second body portion, wherein in the clamping configuration, the first inner surface and the second inner surface together form a first effective lateral dimension transverse to the central axis and the size of the first effective lateral dimension is set to limit the depth. The depth limiter is axially movable relative to the cannula of the trocar, wherein in the open configuration, the first inner surface and the second inner surface together form a second effective lateral dimension transverse to the central axis and its size is set to allow axial movement of the depth limiter relative to the cannula of the trocar; (b) a first locking member extending from the first body portion toward the second body portion; and (c) a second locking member positioned within the second body portion, wherein at least one of the first locking member or the second locking member is resiliently biased to engage the other of the first locking member or the second locking member, wherein in the clamping configuration, the first locking member and the second locking member are configured to engage with each other to selectively lock the first body portion and the second body portion in the clamping configuration.

[0116] Example 2

[0117] According to the depth limiter of Embodiment 1, the first locking member includes a pawl, wherein the pawl is radially outwardly biased relative to the central axis.

[0118] Example 3

[0119] According to the depth limiter of Embodiment 2, the second locking member includes a rack, wherein in the clamping configuration, the rack is configured to engage the pawl to selectively lock the first body portion and the second body portion in the clamping configuration.

[0120] Example 4

[0121] According to the depth limiter of embodiment 3, the pawl includes pawl teeth that are radially outwardly oriented relative to the central axis and have a first locking surface and a first cam action surface, wherein the rack includes at least one rack tooth that is radially inwardly oriented relative to the central axis and has a second locking surface and a second cam action surface.

[0122] Example 5

[0123] According to the depth limiter of embodiment 4, the first cam action surface and the second cam action surface are configured to engage with each other to at least partially redirect the movement of the pawl tooth relative to the rack, thereby allowing the first body portion and the second body portion to approach the clamping configuration, wherein the first locking surface and the second locking surface are configured to engage with each other to prevent the movement of the pawl tooth relative to the rack, thereby preventing the first body portion and the second body portion from separating toward the opening configuration.

[0124] Example 6

[0125] The depth limiter according to any one of the foregoing embodiments further includes a release button configured to selectively engage at least one of the first locking member or the second locking member to disengage the first locking member and the second locking member from each other, thereby allowing the first body portion and the second body portion to move toward the open configuration.

[0126] Example 7

[0127] According to the depth limiter of embodiment 6, at least one of the first locking member or the second locking member includes a release tab, wherein the release button includes a protrusion that is directly radially inward relative to the central axis, and the protrusion is configured to selectively engage the release tab to disengage the first locking member and the second locking member from each other, thereby allowing the first body portion and the second body portion to move toward the open configuration.

[0128] Example 8

[0129] According to any one of the foregoing embodiments, the depth limiter wherein the first locking member extends into the cavity of the second body portion.

[0130] Example 9

[0131] The depth limiter according to any one of the foregoing embodiments further includes a first outer surface and a second outer surface respectively positioned on the first main body portion and the second main body portion, and respectively includes a first finger gripping portion and a second finger gripping portion that are diametrically opposed.

[0132] Example 10

[0133] According to the depth limiter of Embodiment 9, the first main body portion extends between a first hinge end and a first closed end, wherein the second main body portion extends between a second hinge end and a second closed end, wherein the first finger gripping portion is centrally positioned between the first hinge end and the first closed end, and wherein the second finger gripping portion is centrally positioned between the second hinge end and the second closed end.

[0134] Example 11

[0135] According to any one of the foregoing embodiments, in the depth limiter, at least one of the first inner surface or the second inner surface includes at least one channel gripping feature configured to grip the cannula of the trocar.

[0136] Example 12

[0137] According to any one of the foregoing embodiments, the depth limiter, wherein the first body portion and the second body portion are biased toward the open configuration.

[0138] Example 13

[0139] The depth limiter according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the hinge includes a movable hinge.

[0140] Example 14

[0141] According to the depth limiter of embodiment 13, the first main body portion, the second main body portion, and the movable hinge are integrally formed into a single piece.

[0142] Example 15

[0143] According to the depth limiter of Embodiment 14, the integral component comprises a plastic material.

[0144] Example 16

[0145] A surgical access device assembly includes: (a) a cannula including a working channel configured to guide surgical instruments along a central axis of the cannula; and (b) a depth limiter movably coupled to the cannula and including: (i) a body extending about the central axis of the depth limiter and surrounding the cannula, wherein the body includes: (A) a first body portion and a second body portion opposite to each other and pivotally coupled together by a hinge, such that the first body portion and the second body portion pivot about the hinge relative to each other between an open configuration and a clamping configuration; and (B) a first inner surface and a second inner surface, respectively provided by the second body portion, wherein in the clamping configuration, the first inner surface and the second inner surface together form a first effective lateral dimension transverse to the central axis, the first effective lateral dimension being sized... The device is configured to limit axial movement of the depth limiter relative to the cannula of the cannula, wherein in the open configuration, the first inner surface and the second inner surface together form a second effective lateral dimension transverse to the central axis, the size of which is set to allow axial movement of the depth limiter relative to the cannula; (ii) a first locking member extending from the first body portion toward the second body portion; and (iii) a second locking member positioned within the second body portion, wherein at least one of the first locking member or the second locking member is resiliently biased to engage the other of the first locking member or the second locking member, wherein in the clamping configuration, the first locking member and the second locking member are configured to engage with each other to selectively lock the first body portion and the second body portion in the clamping configuration.

[0146] Example 17

[0147] According to the surgical access device assembly of Embodiment 16, the first locking member includes a first tooth oriented radially outward relative to the central axis of the depth limiter and having a first locking surface and a first cam action surface, wherein the second locking member includes a second tooth oriented radially inward relative to the central axis of the depth limiter and having a second locking surface and a second cam action surface.

[0148] Example 18

[0149] According to the surgical access device assembly of Embodiment 17, the first cam actuating surface and the second cam actuating surface are configured to engage with each other to at least partially redirect the movement of the first locking member relative to the second locking member, and thereby allow the first body portion and the second body portion to move toward the clamping configuration, wherein the first locking surface and the second locking surface are configured to engage with each other to prevent the movement of the first locking member relative to the second locking member, and thereby prevent the first body portion and the second body portion from moving toward the opening configuration.

[0150] Example 19

[0151] A method of using a depth limiter with a trocar, wherein the depth limiter includes: a first body portion and a second body portion pivotally connected to each other by a hinge; a first inner surface and a second inner surface respectively positioned on the first body portion and the second body portion; a first locking member extending from the first body portion toward the second body portion; and a second locking member positioned within the second body portion, wherein at least one of the first locking member or the second locking member is resiliently biased to engage the other of the first locking member and the second locking member, the method comprising: (a) positioning the first body portion and the second body portion at least partially around an insertion channel of the trocar such that the first body portion and the second body portion are in an open configuration; and (b) positioning the first body portion and the second body portion at least partially around an insertion channel of the trocar such that the first body portion and the second body portion are in an open configuration; and (c) positioning the first body portion and the second body portion in an open configuration such that the first body portion and the second body portion are in an open configuration; and (d) positioning the first body portion and the second body portion in an open configuration such that the first body portion and the second body portion are in an open configuration; and (e ... b) Pivoting the first body portion and the second body portion relative to each other about the hinge from the open configuration toward the clamping configuration about the cannula, wherein in the clamping configuration, the first inner surface and the second inner surface together form a first effective lateral dimension that limits the axial movement of the depth limiter relative to the cannula of the trocar, wherein in the open configuration, the first inner surface and the second inner surface together form a second effective lateral dimension that allows the depth limiter to move axially relative to the cannula of the trocar, wherein in the clamping configuration, the first locking member and the second locking member engage with each other to selectively lock the first body portion and the second body portion in the clamping configuration.

[0152] Example 20

[0153] According to the method of embodiment 19, wherein the depth limiter has a release button, the method further includes selectively engaging at least one of the first locking member or the second locking member with the release button to disengage the first locking member and the second locking member from each other, thereby allowing the first body portion and the second body portion to move toward the open configuration.

[0154] IV. Miscellaneous

[0155] It should be understood that any one or more of the teachings, expressions, embodiments, examples, etc., described herein can be combined with any one or more of the other teachings, expressions, embodiments, examples, etc., described herein. Therefore, the foregoing teachings, expressions, embodiments, examples, etc., should not be considered in isolation from each other. Various suitable ways in which the teachings herein can be combined will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the claims.

[0156] Furthermore, any one or more of the teachings herein may be combined with any one or more of the teachings disclosed in the following patent applications: U.S. Patent Application No. END9247USNP1, filed on the same date as this application, entitled “Pinch-To-Release Cannula Depth Limiter”; U.S. Patent Application No. END9247USNP2, filed on the same date as this application, entitled “Multi-Diameter Cannula Depth Limiter”; U.S. Patent Application No. END9247USNP4, filed on the same date as this application, entitled “Universal Size Multi-Walled Elastomer Cannula Depth Limiter”; U.S. Patent Application No. END9247USNP5, filed on the same date as this application, entitled “Threaded Cannula Depth Limiter”; U.S. Patent Application No. END9247USNP6, filed on the same date as this application, entitled “Two…”; and U.S. Patent Application No. END9247USNP5, filed on the same date as this application, entitled “Tilting Tang Cannula Depth Limiter”; and U.S. Patent Application No. END9247USNP6, filed on the same date as this application, entitled “Two…”; and U.S. Patent Application No. END9247USNP6, filed on the same date as this application, entitled “ ... The following U.S. patent applications were filed on the same date as this application: “Piece Separable Obturator” [Attorney Reference No. END9247USNP7]; “Latchless Obturator with Interference Fit Feature” [Attorney Reference No. END9247USNP8]; “Balancing Feature for Reusable Trocar” [Attorney Reference No. END9247USNP9]; “Airflow Channels and Patterns in Lumen for Cannula” [Attorney Reference No. END9247USNP10]; and / or “Stabilizer for Surgical Shafts or Cannulas” [Attorney Reference No. END9247USNP11]. The disclosure of each of these patent applications is incorporated herein by reference.

[0157] It should be understood that any patent, patent publication, or other public material allegedly incorporated herein by reference, whether in whole or in part, is incorporated only to the extent that the incorporated material does not conflict with any existing definitions, statements, or other public material set forth in this disclosure. Therefore, and to the extent necessary, the disclosures expressly listed herein replace any conflicting material incorporated herein by reference. Any material, or part thereof, allegedly incorporated herein by reference that conflicts with any existing definitions, statements, or other public material set forth herein will be incorporated only to the extent that the incorporated material does not conflict with any existing public material.

[0158] The aforementioned devices can be applied to both traditional medical treatments and surgeries performed by medical professionals and robot-assisted medical treatments and surgeries. By way of example only, the various teachings herein can be readily incorporated into robotic surgical systems, such as the DAVINCI system from Intuitive Surgical, Inc. (Sunnyvale, California). TMSystem. Similarly, those skilled in the art will recognize that the various teachings herein can be readily combined with the teachings of any of the following patents: U.S. Patent 5,792,135, entitled “Articulated Surgical Instrument For Performing Minimally Invasive Surgery With Enhanced Dexterity and Sensitivity,” published August 11, 1998, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference; U.S. Patent 8,783,541, entitled “Robotically-Controlled Surgical End Effector System,” published July 22, 2014, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference; U.S. Patent 8,479,969, entitled “Drive Interface for Operably Coupling a Manipulatable Surgical Tool to a Robot,” published July 9, 2013; and U.S. Patent 8,479,969, entitled “Robotically-Controlled Cable-Based Surgical End…”, published August 12, 2014. U.S. Patent 8,800,838, entitled “Effectors”, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference; and / or U.S. Patent 8,573,465, entitled “Robotically-Controlled Surgical End Effector System with Rotary Actuated Closure Systems”, published on November 5, 2013, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0159] Devices of the types described above may be designed for single-use and disposal, or they may be designed for multiple uses. In either or both cases, these types may be repaired for reuse after at least one use. Repair may include any combination of the following steps: disassembling the device, then cleaning or replacing specific parts, and subsequently reassembling. Specifically, some types of devices may be disassembled, and any combination may be used to selectively replace or remove any number of specific parts or portions of the device. While cleaning and / or replacing specific components, some types of devices may be reassembled at a repair facility or by the user prior to surgery for subsequent use. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that device repair can utilize a variety of techniques for disassembly, cleaning / replacement, and reassembly. The use of such techniques and the resulting repaired devices are within the scope of this application.

[0160] By way of example only, the types described herein can be sterilized before and / or after surgery. In one sterilization technique, the device is placed in a closed and sealed container such as a plastic bag or a TYVEK bag. The container and device can then be placed in a radiation field that can penetrate the container, such as gamma radiation, X-rays, or high-energy electrons. The radiation kills bacteria on the device and in the container. The sterilized device can then be stored in a sterile container for later use. Any other techniques known in the art can also be used to sterilize the device, including but not limited to beta or gamma radiation, ethylene oxide, or vapor.

[0161] Various embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, and further improvements to the methods and systems described herein can be achieved by suitable modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Several such possible modifications have been mentioned, and other modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. For example, the embodiments, implementations, geometries, materials, dimensions, ratios, steps, etc., discussed above are illustrative and not essential. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be considered in accordance with the following claims and should be understood as not being limited to the details of the structures and operations shown and described in the specification and drawings.

Claims

1. A depth limiter configured to connect with the insertion channel of a trocar, the depth limiter comprising: (a) A body extending about a central axis and configured to surround the cannula, wherein the body comprises: (i) The first main body, (ii) A second body portion opposite to the first body portion, wherein the first body portion and the second body portion are pivotally connected together by a hinge, such that the first body portion and the second body portion are pivotable relative to each other about the hinge between an open configuration and a clamping configuration. (iii) The first inner surface provided by the first body portion, and (iv) A second inner surface provided by the second body portion, wherein in the clamping configuration, the first inner surface and the second inner surface together form a first effective lateral dimension, the first effective lateral dimension being transverse to the central axis and its size being set to restrict axial movement of the depth limiter relative to the cannula of the cannula, wherein in the opening configuration, the first inner surface and the second inner surface together form a second effective lateral dimension, the second effective lateral dimension being transverse to the central axis and its size being set to allow axial movement of the depth limiter relative to the cannula of the cannula; (b) A first locking member extending from the first body portion into the cavity of the second body portion; and (c) A second locking member, the second locking member being positioned within the second main body portion. In this clamping configuration, the first locking member is resiliently biased to engage the second locking member, and the first and second locking members are configured to engage with each other to selectively lock the first and second body portions in the clamping configuration. The first locking member includes a pawl, wherein the pawl is radially outwardly offset relative to the central axis. The second body portion further includes a release button configured to selectively engage the first locking member to disengage the first and second locking members from each other, thereby allowing movement of the first and second body portions toward the open configuration. The first locking member includes a release tab, and the release button includes a protrusion that is radially inward relative to the central axis, and the protrusion is configured to selectively engage the release tab to disengage the first and second locking members from each other, thereby allowing movement of the first and second body portions toward the open configuration.

2. The depth limiter of claim 1, wherein, The second locking member includes a rack, wherein in the clamping configuration, the rack is configured to engage the pawl to selectively lock the first body portion and the second body portion in the clamping configuration.

3. The depth limiter of claim 2, wherein, The pawl includes pawl teeth that are radially outwardly oriented relative to the central axis and have a first locking surface and a first cam action surface, wherein the rack includes at least one rack tooth that is radially inwardly oriented relative to the central axis and has a second locking surface and a second cam action surface.

4. The depth limiter of claim 3, wherein, The first cam actuating surface and the second cam actuating surface are configured to engage with each other to at least partially redirect the movement of the pawl tooth relative to the rack, thereby allowing the first body portion and the second body portion to approach the clamping configuration, wherein the first locking surface and the second locking surface are configured to engage with each other to prevent the movement of the pawl tooth relative to the rack, thereby preventing the first body portion and the second body portion from separating toward the opening configuration.

5. The depth limiter according to claim 1, further comprising a first outer surface and a second outer surface respectively positioned on the first main body portion and the second main body portion, and respectively including a first finger gripping portion and a second finger gripping portion opposite in diameter.

6. The depth limiter according to claim 5, wherein, The first main body portion extends between the first hinge end and the first closed end, wherein the second main body portion extends between the second hinge end and the second closed end, wherein the first finger gripping portion is centrally positioned between the first hinge end and the first closed end, and wherein the second finger gripping portion is centrally positioned between the second hinge end and the second closed end.

7. The depth limiter of claim 1, wherein, At least one of the first inner surface or the second inner surface includes at least one cannula gripping feature configured to grip the cannula of the trocar.

8. The depth limiter of claim 1, wherein, The first main body portion and the second main body portion are biased toward the open configuration.

9. The depth limiter of claim 1, wherein, The hinge includes a movable hinge.

10. The depth limiter of claim 9, wherein, The first main body portion, the second main body portion, and the movable hinge are integrally formed into a single piece.

11. The depth limiter of claim 10, wherein, The integral component comprises a plastic material.

12. A surgical access device assembly, comprising: (a) A cannula, the cannula including a working channel configured to guide surgical instruments along the central axis of the cannula; and (b) A depth limiter, movably coupled to the cannula and comprising: (i) A body extending about the central axis of the depth limiter and surrounding the cannula, wherein the body comprises: (A) A first body portion and a second body portion, the first body portion and the second body portion being opposite to each other and pivotally connected together by a hinge, such that the first body portion and the second body portion pivot about the hinge relative to each other between an open configuration and a clamping configuration, and (B) A first inner surface and a second inner surface provided by the first body portion and the second body portion, respectively, wherein in the clamping configuration, the first inner surface and the second inner surface together form a first effective lateral dimension, the first effective lateral dimension being transverse to the central axis and the size being set to restrict the axial movement of the depth limiter relative to the cannula, wherein in the opening configuration, the first inner surface and the second inner surface together form a second effective lateral dimension, the second effective lateral dimension being transverse to the central axis and the size being set to allow the axial movement of the depth limiter relative to the cannula; (ii) a first locking member extending from the first body portion into the cavity of the second body portion; and (iii) A second locking member, the second locking member being positioned within the second main body portion. The first locking member is resiliently biased to engage the second locking member, and in the clamping configuration, the first locking member and the second locking member are configured to engage with each other to selectively lock the first body portion and the second body portion in the clamping configuration. The first locking member includes a pawl, wherein the pawl is radially outwardly offset relative to the central axis. The second body portion further includes a release button configured to selectively engage the first locking member to disengage the first and second locking members from each other, thereby allowing movement of the first and second body portions toward the open configuration. The first locking member includes a release tab, and the release button includes a protrusion that is radially inward relative to the central axis, and the protrusion is configured to selectively engage the release tab to disengage the first and second locking members from each other, thereby allowing movement of the first and second body portions toward the open configuration.

13. The surgical access device assembly of claim 12, wherein, The first locking member includes a first tooth oriented radially outward relative to the central axis of the depth limiter and having a first locking surface and a first cam action surface, wherein the second locking member includes a second tooth oriented radially inward relative to the central axis of the depth limiter and having a second locking surface and a second cam action surface.

14. The surgical access device assembly of claim 13, wherein, The first cam actuating surface and the second cam actuating surface are configured to engage with each other to at least partially redirect the movement of the first locking member relative to the second locking member, and thereby allow the first body portion and the second body portion to move toward the clamping configuration, wherein the first locking surface and the second locking surface are configured to engage with each other to prevent the movement of the first locking member relative to the second locking member, and thereby prevent the first body portion and the second body portion from moving toward the opening configuration.

15. A method of using a depth limiter with a trocar, wherein, The depth limiter includes: a first body portion and a second body portion pivotally connected to each other via hinges; a first inner surface and a second inner surface respectively positioned on the first body portion and the second body portion; a first locking member extending from the first body portion into a cavity of the second body portion; and a second locking member positioned within the second body portion, wherein the first locking member is resiliently biased to engage the second locking member, wherein the first locking member includes a pawl, wherein the pawl is radially outward biased relative to the central axis of the depth limiter, wherein the second body portion has a release button configured to selectively engage the first locking member to disengage the first locking member and the second locking member from each other, thereby allowing movement of the first body portion and the second body portion toward an open configuration, wherein the first locking member includes a release tab, wherein the release button includes a projection directly radially inward relative to the central axis, and the projection is configured to selectively engage the release tab to disengage the first locking member and the second locking member from each other, thereby allowing movement of the first body portion and the second body portion toward the open configuration, the method comprising: (a) Positioning the first body portion and the second body portion at least partially around the cannulation channel of the cannula needle such that the first body portion and the second body portion are in an open configuration; (b) Pivoting the first body portion and the second body portion relative to each other about the hinge from the open configuration toward the clamping configuration about the insertion tube, and (c) Selectively engaging the first locking member with the release button to disengage the first and second locking members from each other, thereby allowing the first and second body portions to move toward the open configuration, wherein selectively engaging the first locking member with the release button includes pressing at least a portion of the release button radially inward toward the cannula. In the clamping configuration, the first inner surface and the second inner surface together form a first effective lateral dimension, which restricts the axial movement of the depth limiter relative to the cannula of the cannula. In the opening configuration, the first inner surface and the second inner surface together form a second effective lateral dimension, which allows the depth limiter to move axially relative to the cannula of the cannula. In the clamping configuration, the first locking member and the second locking member engage with each other to selectively lock the first main body portion and the second main body portion in the clamping configuration.

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