Abrasive water jet multi-abrasive multi-pressure collaborative steel rail polishing device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of abrasive water jet multi-abrasive multi-pressure collaborative rail grinding device and method, comprising: walking device, including chassis and the walking portion of the chassis bottom, for carrying and driving entire rail grinding device moves along rail;Abrasive supply system for providing a variety of particle size and flow abrasive;High-pressure water supply system for providing high-pressure water of multiple pressures;Suspension agent supply system for providing suspension agent;Abrasive water jet system for realizing the mixing of abrasive and high-pressure water, perform the whole process polishing of rail;Monitoring system, including monitoring module and calculation module, for detecting rail damage condition, determine polishing parameter;Control center for adjusting control parameters according to polishing parameters, control abrasive supply system, high-pressure water supply system, suspension agent supply system, abrasive water jet system operation, carry out one-time whole process polishing of rail.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of abrasive water jet, and more particularly relates to a steel rail polishing device and method based on abrasive water jet with multiple abrasives and multiple pressures. BACKGROUND

[0002] China's high-speed rail operation mileage is in a leading position in the world, and the arduous problem of high-speed rail track maintenance follows. The main diseases of the steel rail in the process of railway operation include corrugation, contact fatigue, and steel rail flaky peeling, which are important factors for reducing the efficiency of railway operation and the comfort of driving. According to the global high-speed rail track maintenance experience, the development of rail diseases can be effectively controlled by polishing the track.

[0003] At present, the traditional method of track polishing is to use a grinding wheel to grind the outer profile surface of the track to correct the track, but there are the following shortcomings:

[0004] 1. The grinding wheel exerts a large pressure on the steel rail, which is not conducive to the overall profile when repairing severely damaged steel rails;

[0005] 2. When the grinding wheel polishes the steel rail, a large amount of heat is generated, which can easily burn the steel rail and cause continuous blue bands;

[0006] 3. A large amount of dust and smoke is generated during the grinding wheel polishing process, polluting the environment; 4. A large amount of high-temperature debris and sparks are generated during the grinding wheel polishing process, which has a high risk of fire.

[0007] Patent CN115122242A discloses a steel rail repair process based on high-pressure abrasive water jet, analyzes the influence law of main process parameters on the maximum cutting depth, finds out the optimal process parameter combination of high-pressure abrasive water jet for repairing steel rails, and verifies the effectiveness of the optimized process parameter combination through steel rail top surface repair experiments; in view of the complex nonlinear problem of the interaction between each process parameter of high-pressure abrasive water jet, the influence law of main process parameters on the processing result is analyzed, and the influence degree of the main process parameters on the processing result is revealed. The application explores the processing mechanism of high-pressure abrasive water jet for processing steel rail materials, obtains the optimal combination of process parameters, and verifies the effectiveness through experiments. The steel rail repair process based on high-pressure abrasive water jet can effectively repair the surface diseases of the steel rail, and the surface quality of the repaired steel rail meets the requirements of steel rail repair; however, although the feasibility of abrasive water jet for steel rail repair is demonstrated, the application does not provide an abrasive water jet device and a use method that can be practically applied, especially a polishing device that can realize rough machining, semi-finish machining, and finish machining in one process. SUMMARY

[0008] In response to the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a rail grinding device and method with abrasive water jet, multiple abrasives and multiple pressures coordinated. By adjusting the matching relationship between the high-pressure water pressure, abrasive particle size and abrasive flow rate, that is, the combination of high water pressure, large particle size and large flow rate and the combination of low water pressure, small particle size and small flow rate, roughing, semi-finishing and finishing processes can be completed in one grinding operation, without the need for secondary grinding, thereby improving the grinding efficiency.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rail grinding device with coordinated abrasive water jet, multiple abrasives and multiple pressures, characterized in that it comprises:

[0010] The running device includes a chassis and a running part at the bottom of the chassis, which is used to carry and drive the entire rail grinding device to move along the rail;

[0011] An abrasive supply system includes: an air compressor, a first abrasive tank, a second abrasive tank, and a third abrasive tank, each connected to a pipeline of the air compressor; a first throttle valve connected to the pipeline of the first abrasive tank; a second throttle valve connected to the other end of the pipeline of the second abrasive tank; and a third throttle valve connected to the other end of the pipeline of the third abrasive tank; the other ends of the pipelines where the first throttle valve, the second throttle valve, and the third throttle valve are located are connected to an abrasive water jet system, for providing abrasives of various particle sizes and flow rates;

[0012] A high-pressure water supply system comprising: a water tank, a first booster pump, a second booster pump, and a third booster pump connected to the water tank, a first pressure regulating valve connected to the other end of the first booster pump, a second pressure regulating valve connected to the other end of the second booster pump, and a third pressure regulating valve connected to the other end of the third booster pump, wherein the other end of the pipeline containing the first, second, and third pressure regulating valves is connected to the abrasive water jet system, and is used to provide high-pressure water at various pressures;

[0013] A suspending agent supply system includes: a storage tank for storing suspending agent, which is arranged above the abrasive water jet system, and is provided with an outlet valve. The storage tank is connected to the abrasive water jet system through the outlet valve and a pipeline for providing suspending agent;

[0014] an abrasive water jet system, comprising: at least three fixing and adjusting mechanisms fixedly connected to the bottom of the chassis, a roughing nozzle, a semi-finishing nozzle, and a finishing nozzle respectively connected to one of the three fixing and adjusting mechanisms, the roughing nozzle respectively connected to a first throttle valve, a first pressure regulating valve, and an outlet valve via pipelines, the semi-finishing nozzle respectively connected to a second throttle valve, a second pressure regulating valve, and an outlet valve via pipelines, and the finishing nozzle respectively connected to a third throttle valve, a third pressure regulating valve, and an outlet valve via pipelines, for achieving mixing of abrasive and high-pressure water to perform full-process grinding of the rail;

[0015] The monitoring system comprises a monitoring module and a computing module, and is used for detecting a rail damage condition and determining a grinding parameter;

[0016] The control center is used for adjusting a control parameter according to the grinding parameter, and controlling the operation of the abrasive supply system, the high-pressure water supply system, the suspending agent supply system and the abrasive water jet system to perform one-time whole-process grinding of the rail.

[0017] Further, the rough machining nozzle comprises a first horizontal nozzle, a first vertical nozzle and a first free nozzle, and the first horizontal nozzle, the first vertical nozzle and the first free nozzle are connected with the first throttle valve, the first pressure regulating valve and the outlet valve through pipelines; the semi-finishing machining nozzle comprises a second horizontal nozzle, a second vertical nozzle and a second free nozzle, and the second horizontal nozzle, the second vertical nozzle and the second free nozzle are connected with the second throttle valve, the second pressure regulating valve and the outlet valve through pipelines; and the finishing machining nozzle comprises a third horizontal nozzle, a third vertical nozzle and a third free nozzle, and the third horizontal nozzle, the third vertical nozzle and the third free nozzle are connected with the third throttle valve, the third pressure regulating valve and the outlet valve through pipelines.

[0018] Further, in the direction of the rail to be ground as front and the direction of the rail ground as rear, the first horizontal nozzle, the first vertical nozzle and the first free nozzle are arranged in front and rear with uniform intervals, the second horizontal nozzle, the second vertical nozzle and the second free nozzle are arranged in front and rear with uniform intervals, the third horizontal nozzle, the third vertical nozzle and the third free nozzle are arranged in front and rear with uniform intervals, and the first free nozzle is located in front of the second horizontal nozzle, and the second free nozzle is located in front of the third horizontal nozzle.

[0019] Further, any one of the at least three fixing and adjusting mechanisms comprises a horizontal hydraulic connecting rod, a vertical hydraulic connecting rod and a four-bar mechanism; the horizontal hydraulic connecting rod is connected at two ends with the first horizontal nozzle or the second horizontal nozzle or the third horizontal nozzle and the chassis, the vertical hydraulic connecting rod is connected at two ends with the first vertical nozzle or the second vertical nozzle or the third vertical nozzle and the chassis, and the four-bar mechanism is connected with the first free nozzle or the second free nozzle or the third free nozzle and the chassis.

[0020] Further, the four-bar mechanism comprises a first step sub, a second step sub, a third step sub and a step motor, the first step sub and the second step sub, the second step sub and the step motor, and the third step sub and the step motor of the same four-bar mechanism are connected by connecting rods, the first step sub is connected to the top end of the first free nozzle, the second free nozzle or the third free nozzle by a connecting rod, and the third step sub is connected to the nozzle side of the first free nozzle, the second free nozzle or the third free nozzle by a connecting rod.

[0021] Further, the abrasives in the first abrasive tank, the second abrasive tank and the third abrasive tank are 200 mesh, 120 mesh and 80 mesh respectively.

[0022] Further, the polishing parameters comprise the abrasive flow through the first throttle valve, the second throttle valve and the third throttle valve, the pressure of the high-pressure water through the first pressure regulating valve, the second pressure regulating valve and the third pressure regulating valve, the horizontal target distance and the vertical target distance, the incident angle, and the opening and closing of the nozzles.

[0023] Further, the abrasive flow through the third throttle valve is greater than the abrasive flow through the second throttle valve, the abrasive flow through the second throttle valve is greater than the abrasive flow through the first throttle valve, the pressure of the high-pressure water through the first pressure regulating valve is higher than the pressure of the high-pressure water through the second pressure regulating valve, and the pressure of the high-pressure water through the second pressure regulating valve is higher than the pressure of the high-pressure water through the third pressure regulating valve.

[0024] Further, the suspending agent is polyacrylamide.

[0025] According to the second aspect of the present application, a multi-abrasive and multi-pressure collaborative steel rail polishing method of abrasive water jet is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0026] S100, the polishing operation starts, the walking device starts to drive along the steel rail, the monitoring system starts to calculate the optimal polishing parameters in real time;

[0027] S200, the control center adjusts the control parameters according to the optimal polishing parameters, adjusts the matching relationship of the high-pressure water pressure, the abrasive particle size and the abrasive flow, the first horizontal nozzle, the first vertical nozzle and the first free nozzle have the highest water pressure and the largest abrasive flow, and cut the most machining allowance to complete the rough machining process, the second horizontal nozzle, the second vertical nozzle and the second free nozzle have medium water pressure and medium abrasive flow to complete the semi-finishing process, and the third horizontal nozzle, the third vertical nozzle and the third free nozzle have the lowest water pressure and the smallest abrasive flow to complete the finishing process.

[0028] S300 grinding is completed, the walking device continues to travel along the rail, the monitoring system obtains another section of the rail damage condition, calculates the optimal grinding parameters, the control center adjusts the control parameters for the next grinding, and the above process is repeated until the rail is completely ground.

[0029] Overall, compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions conceived by the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The abrasive water jet multi-abrasive multi-pressure collaborative rail grinding device of the present application can complete rough machining, semi-finishing and finishing processes in one grinding operation by adjusting the matching relationship of high-pressure water pressure, abrasive particle size and abrasive flow, i.e. the combination of high water pressure, large particle size and large flow, and the combination of low water pressure, small particle size and small flow, without the need for secondary grinding, thereby improving the grinding efficiency.

[0031] 2. The abrasive water jet multi-abrasive multi-pressure collaborative rail grinding device of the present application can improve the grinding quality by adding a suspending agent, polyacrylamide, to the mixing chamber, so that the abrasive is more fully mixed with the high-pressure water and is more uniformly dispersed in the high-pressure water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the principle of the abrasive water jet multi-abrasive multi-pressure collaborative rail grinding device of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the relative position relationship of the horizontal nozzle, vertical nozzle and free nozzle of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the working principle of the nozzle of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 A diagram of the rotating mode of the free nozzle of the present application.

[0036] In all the drawings, the same reference signs represent the same technical features, specifically: 1 - air compressor, 21 - first abrasive tank, 22 - second abrasive tank, 23 - third abrasive tank, 31 - first throttle valve, 32 - second throttle valve, 33 - third throttle valve, 4 - nozzle, 41 - first horizontal nozzle, 42 - first vertical nozzle, 43 - first free nozzle, 44 - second horizontal nozzle, 45 - second vertical nozzle, 46 - second free nozzle, 47 - third horizontal nozzle, 48 - third vertical nozzle, 49 - third free nozzle, 5 - pressure regulating valve, 51 - first pressure regulating valve, 52 - second pressure regulating valve, 53 - third pressure regulating valve, 6 - booster pump, 61 - first booster pump, 62 - second booster pump, 63 - third booster pump, 7 - water tank, 8 - monitoring system, 9 - control center, 10 - storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific circumstances.

[0039] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless otherwise stated, the singular forms "a," "an," "said," and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" used in the specification of this application refers to the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0040] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with those in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless specifically defined as in the examples of this application.

[0041] The present invention provides a rail grinding device with coordinated abrasive water jet, multiple abrasives and multiple pressures, which is applied to the technical field of rail grinding for high-speed railways, motor vehicles, etc., and can also be used in other processing processes using abrasive water jet grinding.

[0042] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a rail grinding device with abrasive water jet and multiple abrasives and multiple pressures. By coordinating the control of abrasives of various particle sizes and multiple grinding pressures, and adjusting the matching relationship between high-pressure water pressure, abrasive particle size and abrasive flow rate, roughing, semi-finishing and finishing processes can be completed in one grinding operation, without the need for secondary grinding, thereby improving the grinding efficiency.Figure 1 and Figure 3 as shown in the drawings, comprising:

[0043] An abrasive supply system for supplying abrasives of different particle sizes, a high-pressure water supply system for supplying high-pressure water flow of different pressures, a suspending agent supply system for supplying suspending agents, an abrasive water jet system for mixing abrasives and water jet and performing full-process polishing, a monitoring system for monitoring the damage of the steel rail and determining polishing parameters according to the damage, a control center for controlling the abrasive supply system, the high-pressure water supply system, the suspending agent supply system and the abrasive water jet system to perform full-process polishing according to the polishing parameters, a walking device for carrying and driving the entire steel rail polishing device to move along the steel rail and polish the steel rail.

[0044] The walking device comprises a chassis and a walking part, the walking part being used to drive the entire steel rail polishing device to move along the steel rail, and the chassis being used to carry and fix other components of the steel rail polishing device.

[0045] The abrasive supply system comprises an air compressor 1, a first abrasive tank 21, a second abrasive tank 22 and a third abrasive tank 23 which are respectively communicated with the air compressor 1, a first throttle valve 31 which is connected with the other end of the first abrasive tank 21, a second throttle valve 32 which is connected with the other end of the second abrasive tank 22, and a third throttle valve 33 which is connected with the other end of the third abrasive tank 23, and the other ends of the pipes where the first throttle valve 31, the second throttle valve 32 and the third throttle valve 33 are located are communicated with the abrasive water jet system. During polishing, the air compressor provides high-pressure gas, different particle sizes of abrasives are delivered to the abrasive water jet system through the pipeline, and the abrasive flow is controlled by the throttle valve. It should be noted that the first abrasive tank 21 is loaded with abrasives of the largest particle size, has the highest water pressure, the largest abrasive flow and the largest machining allowance for cutting, and completes the rough machining process; the second abrasive tank 22 is loaded with abrasives of the medium particle size, has the medium water pressure and the medium abrasive flow, and completes the semi-finishing process; and the third abrasive tank 23 is loaded with abrasives of the smallest particle size, has the lowest water pressure and the smallest abrasive flow, and completes the finishing process.

[0046] Specifically, the first abrasive tank 21, the second abrasive tank 22 and the third abrasive tank 23 are respectively abrasive tanks for storing garnet abrasives of 200 mesh, 120 mesh and 80 mesh.

[0047] The high-pressure water supply system comprises a water tank 7, a first booster pump 61, a second booster pump 62, a third booster pump 63, a first pressure regulating valve 51, a second pressure regulating valve 52, and a third pressure regulating valve 53. The first pressure regulating valve 51, the second pressure regulating valve 52, and the third pressure regulating valve 53 are connected to the first booster pump 61, the second booster pump 62, and the third booster pump 63, respectively. The first pressure regulating valve 51, the second pressure regulating valve 52, and the third pressure regulating valve 53 are connected to the abrasive water jet system. During polishing, the first booster pump 61, the second booster pump 62, and the third booster pump 63 draw water from the water tank 7 and pressurize the water into high-pressure water, which is then delivered to the abrasive water jet system through a pipeline. The first pressure regulating valve 51, the second pressure regulating valve 52, and the third pressure regulating valve 53 are arranged between the first booster pump 61, the second booster pump 62, and the third booster pump 63 and the abrasive water jet system, respectively, to adjust the flow rate of the high-pressure water and provide three groups of high-pressure water with different pressures to the abrasive water jet system.

[0048] The suspension agent supply system comprises a storage tank 10 for storing suspension agent. The storage tank 10 is arranged above the abrasive water jet system, i.e., higher than any position of the abrasive water jet system. The storage tank 10 is connected to the abrasive water jet system through a pipeline. The storage tank 10 is provided with an outlet valve for controlling the opening and closing of the storage tank. During polishing, high-pressure water and abrasive enter the abrasive water jet system, and the outlet valve of the storage tank 10 is opened. The suspension agent in the storage tank is sucked into the mixing chamber under the action of gravity and negative pressure and is mixed with high-pressure water and abrasive. The suspension agent can reduce the surface tension of water and form a coating film on the surface of abrasive particles, reducing the interaction between abrasive particles, thereby making the abrasive particles more uniformly dispersed in high-pressure water and achieving better polishing effect.

[0049] Optionally, the pipeline connecting the storage tank 10 and the mixing chamber of any nozzle is a thin tube (with a smaller inner diameter than the pipeline for abrasive and high-pressure water). The inner diameter of the thin tube can be selected according to requirements.

[0050] Preferably, the suspension agent stored in the storage tank 10 is polyacrylamide.

[0051] The abrasive water jet system comprises a first horizontal nozzle 41, a first vertical nozzle 42, a first free nozzle 43, a second horizontal nozzle 44, a second vertical nozzle 45, a second free nozzle 46, a third horizontal nozzle 47, a third vertical nozzle 48, a third free nozzle 49, horizontal hydraulic connecting rods, vertical hydraulic connecting rods and four-bar mechanisms, the horizontal hydraulic connecting rods, the vertical hydraulic connecting rods and the four-bar mechanisms are all three, one end of the three horizontal hydraulic connecting rods is fixed to the chassis, the other end is connected with the first horizontal nozzle 41, the second horizontal nozzle 44 and the third horizontal nozzle 47 respectively, for accurately adjusting the horizontal target distance; one end of the three vertical hydraulic connecting rods is fixed to the chassis, the other end is connected with the first vertical nozzle 42, the second vertical nozzle 45 and the third vertical nozzle 48 respectively, for accurately adjusting the vertical target distance; one end of the three four-bar mechanisms is fixed to the chassis, the other end is connected with the first free nozzle 43, the second free nozzle 46 and the third free nozzle 49 respectively, the four-bar mechanism comprises a stepping motor, a first rotary pair, a second rotary pair and a third rotary pair, the first rotary pair, the second rotary pair and the third rotary pair are connected through connecting rods, the nozzles are fixed on the connecting rods, the nozzles rotate in the plane, and the effect that the jet flow is tangent to the part of the steel rail profile curve is achieved; the nine nozzles are all provided with mixing chambers, the mixing chambers are communicated with the storage tank 10, the pipeline from the first throttle valve 31 is divided into three streams and communicated with the first horizontal nozzle 41, the first vertical nozzle 42 and the first free nozzle 43 respectively, the pipeline from the first pressure regulating valve 51 is divided into three streams and communicated with the first horizontal nozzle 41, the first vertical nozzle 42 and the first free nozzle 43 respectively; the pipeline from the second throttle valve 32 is divided into three streams and communicated with the second horizontal nozzle 44, the second vertical nozzle 45 and the second free nozzle 46 respectively, the pipeline from the second pressure regulating valve 52 is divided into three streams and communicated with the second horizontal nozzle 44, the second vertical nozzle 45 and the second free nozzle 46 respectively; the pipeline from the third throttle valve 33 is divided into three streams and communicated with the third horizontal nozzle 47, the third vertical nozzle 48 and the third free nozzle 49 respectively, the pipeline from the third pressure regulating valve 53 is divided into three streams and communicated with the third horizontal nozzle 47, the third vertical nozzle 48 and the third free nozzle 49 respectively.When the polishing operation is performed, the monitoring module collects the damage condition and determines the polishing parameters, under the control of the control center, water from the water tank 7 forms high-pressure water of three different pressures through different booster pumps and pressure regulating valves, abrasive materials of different particle sizes are obtained through the throttle valve under the action of the air compressor 1, the abrasive materials of three different flow rates and particle sizes, the high-pressure water and the abrasive materials enter the mixing chamber of the nozzle, at this time, the outlet valve of the storage tank 10 is opened, the suspending agent in it enters the mixing chamber under the action of gravity and negative pressure, so that the high-pressure water and the abrasive materials are mixed more fully; the pressure of the high-pressure water and the flow rate of the abrasive materials entering different nozzles are matched with the particle size of the abrasive materials, the larger the particle size of the abrasive materials, the greater the pressure of the high-pressure water and the flow rate of the abrasive materials, that is, the abrasive materials of the highest flow rate and the largest particle size and the high-pressure water of the highest pressure enter the first horizontal nozzle 41, the first vertical nozzle 42 and the first free nozzle 43, the abrasive materials of the medium flow rate and the medium particle size and the high-pressure water of the medium pressure enter the second horizontal nozzle 44, the second vertical nozzle 45 and the second free nozzle 46, and the abrasive materials of the minimum flow rate and the minimum particle size and the high-pressure water of the minimum pressure enter the third horizontal nozzle 47, the third vertical nozzle 48 and the third free nozzle 49; the horizontal nozzle precisely adjusts the horizontal target distance through the horizontal hydraulic rod, the vertical nozzle precisely adjusts the vertical target distance through the vertical hydraulic rod, and the free nozzle rotates in the plane through the four-bar mechanism to achieve the effect that the jet flow is tangent to the part of the curve section of the outer contour of the rail profile, when machining, the first horizontal nozzle 41, the first vertical nozzle 42 and the first free nozzle 43 have the highest water pressure, the largest abrasive material flow rate and the most cutting machining allowance, and complete the rough machining process, the second horizontal nozzle 44, the second vertical nozzle 45 and the second free nozzle 46 have the medium water pressure, the medium abrasive material flow rate and complete the semi-finish machining process, and the third horizontal nozzle 47, the third vertical nozzle 48 and the third free nozzle 49 have the lowest water pressure, the minimum abrasive material flow rate and complete the finish machining process. Through the matching relationship of the high-pressure water pressure, the abrasive material particle size and the abrasive material flow rate, that is, the combination of high water pressure, large particle size and large flow rate and the combination of low water pressure, small particle size and small flow rate, the rough machining, the semi-finish machining and the finish machining processes can be completed in one polishing operation, and the polishing efficiency is improved; by adding the suspending agent polyacrylamide into the mixing chamber, the abrasive materials and the high-pressure water are mixed more fully, the abrasive materials are more uniformly dispersed in the high-pressure water, and the polishing quality is improved.

[0052] The monitoring module comprises a monitoring module and a calculation module, the monitoring module detects the damage condition of the rail in the running direction in real time, the calculation module calculates optimal polishing parameters in real time according to the data transmitted by the monitoring module and transmits the optimal polishing parameters to the control center.

[0053] It should be noted that the process that the calculation module calculates optimal polishing parameters in real time according to the data transmitted by the monitoring module can be realized through image recognition and programming, which is not the core of the present application and will not be described here.

[0054] The polishing parameters include water pressure (i.e., three pressure regulating valve control parameters), abrasive flow (i.e., three throttle valve control parameters), target distance (horizontal target distance and vertical target distance, i.e., horizontal hydraulic pull rod and vertical hydraulic pull rod control parameters), incident angle (four-bar mechanism control parameters), and start-stop of nine nozzles.

[0055] The control center is used to acquire the polishing parameters obtained by the monitoring module, control the abrasive supply system, the high-pressure water supply system and the suspending agent supply system to supply abrasive, high-pressure water and suspending agent, and control the abrasive water jet system to mix the abrasive, high-pressure water and suspending agent and then polish the steel rail.

[0056] Specifically, the first horizontal nozzle 41, the first vertical nozzle 42 and the first free nozzle 43 are sequentially arranged along the steel rail in the axial direction and are uniformly spaced; the second horizontal nozzle 44, the second vertical nozzle 45 and the second free nozzle 46 are sequentially arranged along the steel rail in the axial direction and are uniformly spaced; the third horizontal nozzle 47, the third vertical nozzle 48 and the third free nozzle 49 are sequentially arranged along the steel rail in the axial direction and are uniformly spaced; the second horizontal nozzle 44 is located after the first free nozzle 43; and the third horizontal nozzle 47 is located after the second free nozzle 46.

[0057] The above embodiments of the present application only give examples of three abrasive tanks, and for more abrasive tanks, only corresponding booster pumps, regulating valves, throttle valves, horizontal nozzles, vertical nozzles and free nozzles need to be added to achieve, and according to the device of the present application, those skilled in the art can derive without making creative efforts, which is not described here.

[0058] Based on the above-mentioned abrasive water jet multi-abrasive multi-pressure collaborative steel rail polishing device, the present application provides an abrasive water jet multi-abrasive multi-pressure collaborative steel rail polishing method, comprising the following steps:

[0059] Step one, the polishing operation starts, the walking device starts to drive along the steel rail, the monitoring system starts to calculate the optimal polishing parameters in real time;

[0060] Step two, the control center adjusts the control parameters according to the optimal polishing parameters, adjusts the matching relationship of the high-pressure water pressure, the abrasive particle size and the abrasive flow, the first horizontal nozzle 41, the first vertical nozzle 42 and the first free nozzle 43 have the highest water pressure, the largest abrasive flow and the most cutting processing allowance to complete the rough machining process, the second horizontal nozzle 44, the second vertical nozzle 45 and the second free nozzle 46 have medium water pressure and medium abrasive flow to complete the semi-finishing process, and the third horizontal nozzle 47, the third vertical nozzle 48 and the third free nozzle 49 have the lowest water pressure and the smallest abrasive flow to complete the finishing process.

[0061] Step three, after the polishing is completed, the walking device continues to travel along the steel rail, the monitoring system obtains the damage condition of another section of the steel rail, the optimal polishing parameters are calculated, the control center adjusts the control parameters to perform the next polishing, and the above process is repeated until the polishing of the steel rail is completed.

[0062] Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A rail grinding method using abrasive water jets with multiple abrasives and multiple pressures, characterized in that: The steps include: S100 grinding operation begins, the grinding device's travel device starts, moves along the rail, and the monitoring system starts to calculate the optimal grinding parameters in real time; The S200 grinding device control center adjusts the control parameters according to the optimal grinding parameters. By adjusting the matching relationship between the high-pressure water pressure, abrasive particle size and abrasive flow rate, the roughing, semi-finishing and finishing processes are completed at one time through the roughing nozzle, semi-finishing nozzle and finishing nozzle. The roughing nozzle includes a first horizontal nozzle (41), a first vertical nozzle (42), and a first free nozzle (43). The first horizontal nozzle (41), the first vertical nozzle (42), and the first free nozzle (43) have the highest water pressure, the largest abrasive flow rate, and cut the most machining allowance to complete the roughing process; the semi-finishing nozzle includes a second horizontal nozzle (44), the second vertical nozzle (45), and the second free nozzle (46). The second horizontal nozzle (44), the second vertical nozzle (45), and the second free nozzle (46) have a medium water pressure and a medium abrasive flow rate to complete the semi-finishing process; the finishing nozzle includes a third horizontal nozzle (47), the third vertical nozzle (48), and the third free nozzle (49). The third horizontal nozzle (47), the third vertical nozzle (48), and the third free nozzle (49) have the lowest water pressure and the minimum abrasive flow rate to complete the finishing process; After S300 grinding is completed, the traveling device continues to move along the rail. The monitoring system obtains the damage status of another section of rail and calculates the optimal grinding parameters. The control center adjusts the control parameters for the next grinding step. The above process is repeated until all rails are ground. The traveling device includes a chassis and a traveling portion at the bottom of the chassis, which is used to carry and drive the entire rail grinding device to move along the rail; The monitoring system includes a monitoring module and a calculation module for detecting rail damage and determining grinding parameters; the control center is used to adjust control parameters according to the grinding parameters, control the operation of the abrasive supply system, high-pressure water supply system, suspension supply system, and abrasive water jet system, and perform one-time full-process grinding of the rail; The grinding parameters include: the abrasive flow rate through the first throttle valve (31), the second throttle valve (32) and the third throttle valve (33), the pressure of the high-pressure water through the first pressure regulating valve (51), the second pressure regulating valve (52) and the third pressure regulating valve (53), the horizontal target distance and the vertical target distance, the incident angle and the opening and closing of the nozzle; The grinding device further comprises: an abrasive supply system, comprising: an air compressor (1), a first abrasive tank (21), a second abrasive tank (22), and a third abrasive tank (23) respectively connected to the air compressor (1) through a pipeline, a first throttle valve (31) connected to the pipeline of the first abrasive tank (21), a second throttle valve (32) connected to the pipeline of the other end of the second abrasive tank (22), and a third throttle valve (33) connected to the pipeline of the other end of the third abrasive tank (23), wherein the other end of the pipeline where the first throttle valve (31), the second throttle valve (32), and the third throttle valve (33) are located is connected to the abrasive water jet system for providing abrasives of various particle sizes and flow rates; A high-pressure water supply system comprises: a water tank (7), a first booster pump (61), a second booster pump (62), and a third booster pump (63) connected to the water tank, a first pressure regulating valve (51) connected to the other end of the first booster pump (61), a second pressure regulating valve (52) connected to the other end of the second booster pump (62), and a third pressure regulating valve (53) connected to the other end of the third booster pump (63); the other end of the pipeline where the first pressure regulating valve (51), the second pressure regulating valve (52), and the third pressure regulating valve (53) are located is connected to the abrasive water jet system, and is used to provide high-pressure water of various pressures; The suspending agent supply system comprises: a storage tank (10) provided above the abrasive water jet system for storing the suspending agent, the storage tank (10) being provided with an outlet valve, the storage tank (10) being in communication with the abrasive water jet system via the outlet valve and a pipeline for providing the suspending agent; The abrasive water jet system comprises: at least three fixing and adjusting mechanisms fixedly connected to the bottom of the chassis, a roughing nozzle, a semi-finishing nozzle and a finishing nozzle respectively connected to one of the three fixing and adjusting mechanisms, the roughing nozzle respectively connected to a first throttle valve (31), a first pressure regulating valve (51) and an outlet valve via a pipeline, the semi-finishing nozzle respectively connected to a second throttle valve (32), a second pressure regulating valve (52) and an outlet valve via a pipeline, and the finishing nozzle respectively connected to a third throttle valve (33), a third pressure regulating valve (53) and an outlet valve via a pipeline, for achieving mixing of abrasive and high-pressure water and performing full-process grinding of rails.

2. The rail grinding method using abrasive water jet with multiple abrasives and multiple pressures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first horizontal nozzle (41), the first vertical nozzle (42), and the first free nozzle (43) are all connected to the first throttle valve (31), the first pressure regulating valve (51), and the outlet valve through pipelines; the second horizontal nozzle (44), the second vertical nozzle (45), and the second free nozzle (46) are all connected to the second throttle valve (32), the second pressure regulating valve (52), and the outlet valve through pipelines; and the third horizontal nozzle (47), the third vertical nozzle (48), and the third free nozzle (49) are all connected to the third throttle valve (33), the third pressure regulating valve (53), and the outlet valve through pipelines.

3. The rail grinding method using abrasive water jet with multiple abrasives and multiple pressures according to claim 2, characterized in that: With the direction of the rail to be ground as the front and the direction of the ground rail as the right, the first horizontal nozzle (41), the first vertical nozzle (42), and the first free nozzle (43) are arranged in sequence from front to back at even intervals, the second horizontal nozzle (44), the second vertical nozzle (45), and the second free nozzle (46) are arranged in sequence from front to back at even intervals, the third horizontal nozzle (47), the third vertical nozzle (48), and the third free nozzle (49) are arranged in sequence from front to back at even intervals, and the first free nozzle (43) is located in front of the second horizontal nozzle (44), and the second free nozzle (46) is located in front of the third horizontal nozzle (47).

4. The rail grinding method using abrasive water jets with multiple abrasives and multiple pressures according to claim 3, characterized in that: Any one of the at least three fixing and adjusting mechanisms comprises: a horizontal hydraulic connecting rod, a vertical hydraulic connecting rod and a four-bar mechanism; the two ends of the horizontal hydraulic connecting rod connect the chassis and the first horizontal nozzle (41), or the chassis and the second horizontal nozzle (44), or the chassis and the third horizontal nozzle (47); the two ends of the vertical hydraulic connecting rod connect the chassis and the first vertical nozzle (42), or the chassis and the second vertical nozzle (45), or the chassis and the third vertical nozzle (48); the four-bar mechanism connects the chassis and the first free nozzle (43), or the chassis and the second free nozzle (46), or the chassis and the third free nozzle (49).

5. The rail grinding method using abrasive water jet with multiple abrasives and multiple pressures according to claim 4, characterized in that: The four-bar mechanism comprises a first rotating pair, a second rotating pair, a third rotating pair and a rotating motor, and the first rotating pair, the second rotating pair, the third rotating pair and the rotating motor of the same four-bar mechanism are connected via a connecting rod.

6. A rail grinding method using abrasive water jets with multiple abrasives and multiple pressures according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The abrasives in the first abrasive jar (21), the second abrasive jar (22) and the third abrasive jar (23) are 200 mesh, 120 mesh and 80 mesh respectively.

7. A rail grinding method using abrasive water jets with multiple abrasives and multiple pressures according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The abrasive flow rate through the third throttle valve (33) is greater than the abrasive flow rate through the second throttle valve (32), the abrasive flow rate through the second throttle valve (32) is greater than the abrasive flow rate through the first throttle valve (31), the pressure of the high-pressure water through the first pressure regulating valve (51) is higher than the pressure of the high-pressure water through the second pressure regulating valve (52), and the pressure of the high-pressure water through the second pressure regulating valve (52) is higher than the pressure of the high-pressure water through the third pressure regulating valve (53).

8. A rail grinding method using abrasive water jets with multiple abrasives and multiple pressures according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The suspending agent is polyacrylamide.

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