Train operation line adjustment method and device

Abstract

The application provides a train operation line adjustment method and device, input data of a train operation line adjustment model can be obtained, the input data comprises train operation data, a line extraction candidate set and a line addition candidate set; wherein the train operation line adjustment model comprises a target function and a constraint condition group, the target function comprises at least one operation line adjustment target, and the constraint condition group comprises at least one operation line constraint condition; the input data is input into the train operation line adjustment model, and line extraction information and / or line addition information output by the train operation line adjustment model based on the input data, the target function and the constraint condition group are obtained. The application can determine specific line extraction and line addition measures by using the train operation line adjustment model, does not need to rely on artificial experience, can effectively reduce human resource consumption, and improves train operation line adjustment efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of high-speed railway, and in particular to a train operation line adjustment method and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing complexity and largeness of the high-speed railway network in China, the passenger travel demand also presents the characteristics of diversification. In order to further improve the quality of passenger transport services, the railway department proposes a "one-day diagram" transport organization mode, which aims to guide the train diagram compilation based on passenger market demand.

[0003] Specifically, under the "one-day diagram" mode, the train operation line needs to be quickly adjusted according to the passenger flow fluctuation. In actual transport organization, line extraction and line addition are common measures for train diagram adjustment and are widely used in many scenarios. At present, the existing technology can determine the specific line extraction or line addition based on the experience of technical personnel.

[0004] However, when the train operation line is relatively complex, the existing technology may consume more human resources and time, resulting in low efficiency of train operation line adjustment. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a train operation line adjustment method and device to solve the defect of low efficiency of train operation line adjustment in the prior art, and effectively improve the efficiency of train operation line adjustment.

[0006] The present application provides a train operation line adjustment method, comprising:

[0007] Obtain input data of a train operation line adjustment model, the input data comprising train operation data, a line extraction candidate set and a line addition candidate set; wherein the train operation line adjustment model comprises a target function and a constraint condition group, the target function comprising at least one operation line adjustment target, and the constraint condition group comprising at least one operation line constraint condition;

[0008] Input the input data into the train operation line adjustment model to obtain line extraction information and line addition information output by the train operation line adjustment model based on the input data, the target function and the constraint condition group.

[0009] Optionally, the line extraction candidate set is obtained, comprising:

[0010] Based on train operation information, determine the line extraction priority of at least part of train sets in a train set to be evaluated; the train operation information at least comprises train seat occupancy rate;

[0011] Sort the at least part of train sets according to the line extraction priority to obtain a sorting result;

[0012] Based on the sorting results, the candidate set for line drawing is determined.

[0013] Optionally, when the train operation information only includes train occupancy rates, the step of determining the priority of drawing at least a portion of the trains in the set to be evaluated based on the train operation information includes:

[0014] Determine the passenger occupancy rate of each train in the set of trains to be evaluated;

[0015] Based on the principle that the priority of train number selection is positively correlated with the passenger load factor, the priority of train number selection in the set of train numbers to be evaluated is set respectively.

[0016] Optionally, when the train operation information also includes route information, determining the priority of drawing at least a portion of the trains in the set to be evaluated based on the train operation information includes:

[0017] At least one subset of train services is determined from the set of train services to be evaluated, and each subset of train services includes all train services in the set of train services to be evaluated that have the same route information.

[0018] The subset of train numbers that includes at least two train numbers is determined as the target train number subset.

[0019] Based on the train occupancy rate, the priority of drawing trains in each train in the target train subset is set.

[0020] Optionally, obtaining the set of candidate lines includes:

[0021] Identify the target station where the outbound passenger flow exceeds the preset flow threshold;

[0022] Determine the short-distance train numbers to serve the target station;

[0023] The short-distance train numbers were identified as candidate train numbers for additional routes.

[0024] Based on the candidate train routes, the candidate route set is generated.

[0025] Optionally, obtaining the set of candidate lines includes:

[0026] Obtain the ticket sales volume for each train service;

[0027] Trains with ticket sales exceeding a preset ticket sales threshold are identified as target trains;

[0028] The target train number is identified as a candidate train for additional routes.

[0029] Based on the candidate train routes, the candidate route set is generated.

[0030] Optionally, the train operation data includes: train connection information, connection time, track removal time window and / or track addition time window.

[0031] Optionally, the at least one train schedule adjustment target includes: the degree of change in the original train departure and arrival times is not greater than a preset change threshold, the total travel time of all trains is not greater than a preset travel time threshold, and / or the degree of disruption to the original train schedule connection is not greater than a preset disruption threshold.

[0032] Optionally, the at least one running line constraint condition includes at least: original train timetable constraints, constraints related to trains with removed lines, constraints related to trains with added lines, and / or train timetable structure constraints.

[0033] The present invention also provides a train line adjustment device, comprising: a first obtaining unit, an input unit, and a second obtaining unit, wherein:

[0034] The first obtaining unit is used to obtain input data for the train operation line adjustment model. The input data includes train operation data, a line removal candidate set, and a line addition candidate set. The train operation line adjustment model includes an objective function and a set of constraints. The objective function includes at least one operation line adjustment objective, and the set of constraints includes at least one operation line constraint.

[0035] The input unit is used to input the input data into the train operation line adjustment model;

[0036] The second obtaining unit is used to obtain the line-drawing information and / or line-adding information output by the train operation line adjustment model based on the input data, the objective function and the constraint condition group.

[0037] The train route adjustment method and apparatus provided by this invention can obtain input data for a train route adjustment model. The input data includes train operation data, a set of candidate routes to be removed, and a set of candidate routes to be added. The train route adjustment model includes an objective function and a set of constraints. The objective function includes at least one route adjustment objective, and the set of constraints includes at least one route constraint. The input data is input into the train route adjustment model to obtain the route removal and / or route addition information output by the model based on the input data, the objective function, and the set of constraints. When passenger demand changes, this invention can adjust the train route schedule based on the route removal and / or route addition information output by the train route adjustment model. It employs a combined strategy of removing redundant routes and adding new routes according to diverse passenger needs, thereby improving the refinement and customization of passenger service and enhancing the reliability of adjustments. This invention eliminates the need for manual experience to determine specific route removal and addition measures, effectively reducing human resource consumption and improving the efficiency of train route adjustment. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the train line adjustment method provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is the second flowchart illustrating the train line adjustment method provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the train track adjustment device provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0044] The following is combined Figures 1-2 The present invention describes a train track adjustment method.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention proposes a first method for adjusting train running lines, which may include the following steps:

[0046] S101. Obtain the input data for the train operation line adjustment model. The input data includes train operation data, a set of candidate lines to be removed, and a set of candidate lines to be added. The train operation line adjustment model includes an objective function and a set of constraints. The objective function includes at least one operation line adjustment objective, and the set of constraints includes at least one operation line constraint.

[0047] It should be noted that a train line can be the route of a train, which can include the train's origin station, destination station, stops, and stops along the way.

[0048] Among them, the train operation line adjustment model is a model proposed by the inventor of this invention after research. It is used to perform integrated adjustment of line removal and addition based on train operation data, so as to realize adaptive adjustment of multiple train operation lines in the train operation diagram according to passenger flow fluctuations.

[0049] Train operation data can include relevant data on the train's movement and stopping status during the target time period.

[0050] Optionally, train operation data may include: train connection information, connection time, track removal time window and / or track addition time window.

[0051] The candidate set for line extraction can be a collection of at least one train line that can be selected as a candidate line extraction target. It should be noted that the line extraction target is the train line that needs to be extracted from the original train timetable.

[0052] The candidate set for adding tracks can be a collection of at least one train line that serves as a candidate for addition. It should be noted that the train line to be added is the train line that needs to be added to the original train timetable.

[0053] Specifically, both the track selection set and the track addition set can be determined by technical personnel through passenger flow research and analysis. This invention does not limit the specific train operating lines included in the track selection set and the track addition set.

[0054] Specifically, when changes in passenger demand render the original train timetable unable to meet travel needs, this invention can adopt a strategy of combining line removal and line addition based on the original train timetable. This involves removing redundant lines and adding new lines according to the diverse needs of passengers, thereby improving the refinement and customization of passenger service.

[0055] Specifically, this invention can construct a candidate set of trains to be removed and a candidate set of trains to be added based on the passenger flow of high-speed railways. On this basis, considering the various constraints that the original train timetable and the newly added train lines need to meet when adjusting the train lines, the invention selects two indicators as the objective functions: the highest number of successful additions of all trains and the highest average travel speed of the adjusted trains. This establishes an integrated optimization adjustment model for the removal and addition of train lines in the high-speed railway timetable, namely the train line adjustment model mentioned above.

[0056] Specifically, the present invention can set an objective function and a set of constraints in the train operation line adjustment model, and adjust the train operation line under the condition of satisfying the relevant constraints, so that the adjusted train operation plan can improve the efficiency of train operation line adjustment and improve the level of passenger service while achieving the adjustment objective.

[0057] Optionally, at least one operating line constraint condition includes at least: original train timetable constraints, constraints related to trains with removed lines, constraints related to trains with added lines, and / or train timetable structure constraints.

[0058] Specifically, the present invention can mainly consider setting the operating line constraints from five aspects, including the constraints that the original train timetable must meet, the constraints related to the trains with removed lines, the constraints related to the trains with added lines, the structural constraints of the train timetable, and other logical constraints.

[0059] Optionally, at least one train schedule adjustment objective includes: the degree of change in the original train departure and arrival times is not greater than a preset change threshold, the total travel time of all trains is not greater than a preset travel time threshold, and / or the degree of disruption to the original train schedule connection is not greater than a preset disruption threshold.

[0060] It should be noted that existing technologies mostly consider adding tracks directly based on the original train timetable. The objective function is often to minimize the impact on the original train lines or maximize the travel speed of the newly added lines, without considering the quantitative study of track removal due to lower passenger demand during off-peak periods. Furthermore, the direct impact of track removal locations on subsequent track additions is not considered, failing to maximize the utilization of transport capacity resources and thus affecting train transport organization efficiency and service quality. This invention, however, by setting the aforementioned track adjustment objectives, can simultaneously consider the changes in passenger demand during off-peak periods, peak periods, and low-peak periods when adjusting train lines, and considers the impact of track removal locations on subsequent track additions, effectively ensuring the utilization rate of transport capacity resources and guaranteeing train transport organization efficiency and service quality.

[0061] S102. Input the input data into the train operation line adjustment model;

[0062] Specifically, after obtaining the input data, the present invention can input the input data into the train operation line adjustment model.

[0063] S103. Obtain the line-drawing and / or line-adding information output by the train operation line adjustment model based on the input data, objective function, and constraint condition set.

[0064] The extraction information may include the identifiers of the train lines to be extracted from the train timetable. It should be noted that the train line identifiers can be used to identify train lines and may consist of one or more characters, such as letters, numbers, and punctuation marks.

[0065] The information on adding lines may include the identifiers of the train lines that need to be added to the train timetable.

[0066] Specifically, after obtaining the input data, the train operation line adjustment model can output line removal information and / or line addition information that satisfy the objective function and constraint set.

[0067] It is understandable that the train operation line adjustment model can output only the track removal information, in which case only the track removal measure needs to be taken; the train operation line adjustment model can also output only the track addition information, in which case only the track addition measure needs to be taken; of course, the train operation line adjustment model can also output both track removal and track addition information at the same time, in which case both track removal and track addition measures need to be taken at the same time.

[0068] It should be noted that this invention can utilize a train operation line adjustment model to obtain line removal and / or line addition information corresponding to the input data and satisfying the objective function and constraint conditions. When passenger flow demand changes, this invention can adjust the train operation plan based on the line removal and / or line addition information output by the train operation line adjustment model. It adopts a strategy combining line removal and line addition, removing redundant lines and adding new lines according to diverse passenger needs, thereby improving the refinement and customization of passenger service and enhancing the reliability of adjustments. This invention can achieve synergistic optimization of line removal and line addition effects while meeting passenger flow demand, maximizing passenger service quality and transportation organization efficiency. This invention eliminates the need for manual experience to determine specific line removal and addition measures, effectively reducing human resource consumption and improving the efficiency of train operation line adjustments.

[0069] The train route adjustment method proposed in this invention obtains input data for a train route adjustment model. The input data includes train operation data, a set of candidate routes to be removed, and a set of candidate routes to be added. The train route adjustment model includes an objective function and a set of constraints. The objective function includes at least one route adjustment objective, and the set of constraints includes at least one route constraint. The input data is fed into the train route adjustment model to obtain the route removal and / or route addition information output by the model based on the input data, the objective function, and the set of constraints. When passenger demand changes, this invention can adjust the train route schedule based on the route removal and / or route addition information output by the train route adjustment model. It adopts a combined strategy of removing redundant routes and adding new routes according to diverse passenger needs, thereby improving the refinement and customization of passenger service and enhancing the reliability of adjustments. This invention eliminates the need for manual experience to determine specific route removal and addition measures, effectively reducing human resource consumption and improving the efficiency of train route adjustment.

[0070] based on Figure 1 This invention proposes a second method for adjusting train running lines. The step of obtaining a candidate set of running lines may specifically include the following steps S1001, S1002, and S1003, wherein:

[0071] S1001. Based on train operation information, determine the priority of drawing at least some trains in the set of trains to be evaluated; the train operation information shall include at least the train passenger occupancy rate;

[0072] The train operation information may include information such as the passenger load factor, train frequency, and train route for multiple trains.

[0073] The set of trains to be evaluated may include multiple trains for which priority assessment is to be conducted. It should be noted that the set of trains to be evaluated may include all trains, or it may be a set of certain trains specified by technical personnel.

[0074] Specifically, the present invention can evaluate the priority of at least one train in the set of trains to be evaluated based on train operation information.

[0075] It should be noted that the present invention can use scoring to digitally represent the priority of train draws.

[0076] Optionally, when the train operation information only includes the train occupancy rate, step S1001 may include:

[0077] Determine the passenger occupancy rate of each train in the set of trains to be evaluated;

[0078] Based on the principle that the priority of train number selection is positively correlated with the passenger load factor, the priority of train number selection is set for each train number in the set of train numbers to be evaluated.

[0079] Specifically, if the passenger load factor of a train is higher, the present invention can set the priority of pulling the train to a higher level; if the passenger load factor of a train is lower, the present invention can set the priority of pulling the train to a lower level.

[0080] Specifically, this invention can first analyze the train occupancy rate, and designate trains with an occupancy rate lower than a first limit, such as 20%, as key trains to be pulled from the line, and trains with an occupancy rate not lower than the first limit but lower than a second limit, such as 50%, as secondary key trains to be pulled from the line, with the priority of pulling from the line decreasing in that order.

[0081] Optionally, when the train operation information also includes route information, step S1001 may include:

[0082] Determine at least one subset of trains from the set of trains to be evaluated. Each subset of trains includes all trains in the set of trains to be evaluated that have the same route information.

[0083] The subset of train numbers that includes at least two train numbers in each subset of train numbers is determined as the target train number subset.

[0084] Based on the train occupancy rate, the priority of drawing trains in each train in the target train number subset is set.

[0085] The route information can include the train's originating station, destination station, intermediate stations, and train formation. It should be noted that a single route can correspond to multiple train numbers. For example, the route information for the Beijing South-Shanghai Hongqiao section of the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed ​​Railway can have multiple train numbers set for one day.

[0086] Specifically, a subset of train services can be all train services in the set of train services to be evaluated that have the same route information. This invention can cluster all train services in the set of train services to be evaluated, grouping a group of train services with the same route information into the same subset. Therefore, when there are train services with multiple routes in the set of train services to be evaluated, this invention can obtain multiple subsets of train services.

[0087] Specifically, this invention can determine any subset of train services as the target subset of train services, and then, within the target subset of train services, set the priority for route selection for each train service according to the train occupancy rate. For example, when this invention determines a first subset of train services with the first operating route information and a second subset of train services with the second operating route information from the set of train services to be evaluated, this invention can first determine the first subset of train services as the target subset of train services, and then set the priority for route selection for each train service within the target subset of train services (i.e., the first subset of train services) according to the train occupancy rate; subsequently, this invention can further determine the second subset of train services as the target subset of train services, and then set the priority for route selection for each train service within the target subset of train services (i.e., the second subset of train services) according to the train occupancy rate.

[0088] S1002. Sort at least some of the train routes according to the priority of line drawing to obtain the sorting results;

[0089] Specifically, the present invention can sort each train in at least some of the above-mentioned train numbers according to the order of priority of line drawing from large to small, and obtain the corresponding sorting results;

[0090] Specifically, the present invention can also sort the train numbers of at least some of the train numbers in ascending order of priority to obtain the corresponding sorting results.

[0091] S1003. Based on the sorting results, determine the candidate set for line drawing.

[0092] Specifically, after obtaining the sorting results, the present invention can determine the candidate line drawing numbers based on the sorting results, and combine all the determined candidate line drawing numbers into a line drawing candidate set.

[0093] Optionally, the present invention can determine a specified number of candidate line numbers with the highest line-drawing priority from the sorting results, and then combine the determined candidate line numbers into a line-drawing candidate set.

[0094] Optionally, the present invention can determine the candidate drawing numbers with a drawing priority greater than a preset threshold from the sorting results, and combine the determined candidate drawing numbers into a drawing candidate set.

[0095] Understandably, during off-peak periods, this invention can aim to transport as many passengers as possible with as few trains as possible, considering both operating costs and revenue. Therefore, while meeting passenger travel needs, this invention can appropriately remove trains from the same operating schedule. Furthermore, when removing trains, to ensure service balance, this invention can control the departure intervals of the retained trains to be as short as possible, ensuring that customers have access to trains at regular intervals.

[0096] Optionally, this invention can also analyze train routes and merge trains with low occupancy rates into other trains. When determining the train merging plan, this invention can flexibly adjust the train stopping schedule as appropriate. Similarly, taking the Beijing South-Shanghai Hongqiao section of the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed ​​Railway as an example, train A originates from Beijing South, stops at Jinan West and Xuzhou East stations, and finally stops at Nanjing South station. Its occupancy rate is low. Train B originates from Beijing South, stops at Tianjin South, Dezhou East, Jinan West, Xuzhou East, Bengbu South, Nanjing South, and arrives at Shanghai Hongqiao station. Train B's route completely covers that of train A. In this case, this invention can consider directly removing train A and merging its passenger flow into train B. If train B originally had a high occupancy rate and its remaining capacity could not meet the travel needs of passengers on train A, then there is train C, which originates from Beijing South, stops at Tianjin South, Dezhou East, Xuzhou East, Xuzhou East, Bengbu South, and Nanjing South, and arrives at Shanghai Hongqiao Station. It can be seen that train C and train A have some overlapping stops. Therefore, this invention can adjust the stopping plan of train C to add a stop at Jinan West to meet the travel needs of passengers from different destinations.

[0097] It should be noted that the present invention can determine the priority of train number selection based on train operation information, and identify train numbers with higher selection priorities as candidate selection numbers, thereby effectively generating a selection set of train numbers and ensuring the efficiency of train operation line adjustment.

[0098] The train route adjustment method proposed in this invention can determine the priority of train number selection based on train operation information, and identify train numbers with higher selection priorities as candidate selection numbers, thereby effectively generating a selection set and ensuring the efficiency of train route adjustment.

[0099] based on Figure 1 This invention proposes a third method for adjusting train operation lines. The step of obtaining a candidate set of additional lines may specifically include the following steps:

[0100] Identify the target station where the outbound passenger flow exceeds the preset flow threshold;

[0101] Identify the short-distance train numbers to serve the target station;

[0102] Short-distance train services will be identified as alternative routes for additional train services.

[0103] Based on the candidate train routes, generate a candidate set for adding routes.

[0104] The target station is defined as a station with passenger flow exceeding a preset flow threshold. It should be noted that the preset flow threshold can be determined by technical personnel based on actual conditions, and this invention does not impose any limitations on it.

[0105] Specifically, after determining the candidate train numbers corresponding to the short-distance train numbers, the present invention can combine them with the candidate train numbers determined by other means to form a candidate set for adding lines.

[0106] It should be noted that this invention can classify the stations covered by the line according to their level based on passenger flow, and design additional short-distance train services during peak passenger flow periods to serve stations with higher service levels.

[0107] It should also be noted that the present invention can determine the number of short-distance trains that need to be added based on passenger flow, then determine the corresponding alternative train numbers for adding lines, and generate a set of alternative train numbers for adding lines based on the alternative train numbers for adding lines, effectively ensuring the adjustment of train operation lines.

[0108] The train route adjustment method proposed in this invention can determine the number of short-distance trains that need to be added based on passenger flow, then determine the corresponding alternative trains for adding routes, and generate a set of alternative trains for adding routes based on the alternative trains for adding routes, effectively ensuring the efficiency of train route adjustment.

[0109] based on Figure 1 This invention proposes a fourth method for adjusting train operation lines. The process of obtaining a set of candidate lines can specifically include the following steps:

[0110] Obtain the ticket sales volume for each train service;

[0111] Trains with ticket sales exceeding a preset ticket sales threshold are identified as target trains;

[0112] The target train number was identified as a candidate for additional train routes.

[0113] Based on the candidate train routes, generate a candidate set for adding routes.

[0114] The preset ticketing threshold can be determined by technical personnel based on the actual situation, and this invention does not limit it.

[0115] Specifically, the target train number may include one or more train numbers. When the target train number includes multiple train numbers, the present invention can identify all of these multiple train numbers as candidate train numbers for adding routes, and the candidate train numbers for adding routes identified by other methods together constitute a candidate set for adding routes.

[0116] It should be noted that this invention can analyze the ticket sales of different origin-destination stations, sort the origin-destination routes according to the ticket sales volume, design new train operation plans or increase the frequency of some existing trains, and cover as many origin-destination routes with high ticket sales volume as possible.

[0117] The train route adjustment method proposed in this invention can determine the target trains that need to be added based on ticket sales, then determine the corresponding alternative trains to be added, and generate a set of alternative trains to be added based on the alternative trains, thus effectively ensuring the efficiency of train route adjustment.

[0118] based on Figure 1 This invention proposes a fifth method for adjusting train routes. In this method, the constraints of the original train timetable include: train running time constraints, train running sequence constraints, and / or train running safety interval time-division constraints.

[0119] Among them, the train running time constraint can be the train section running (stopping) time constraint, which means that the running time of the train in any arc segment needs to meet certain operating time standards.

[0120] Specifically, train running time constraints may include:

[0121]

[0122]

[0123] Where, d f,i,j and a f,i,j All are decision variables, d f,i,j This indicates the time when train f leaves arc segment (i,j) after adjustment; a f,i,j This represents the time when train f arrives at arc segment (i,j) after the adjustment. f,i,j This represents the planned travel time (stop) of train f as it passes through arc (i,j). This represents the maximum travel (stopping) time of train f through arc (i,j); x f This represents the state of train f, with a value of 0-1 as a decision variable. When the train is selected to add a line, its value is 0; otherwise, it is 1. A value of 1 indicates that train f has successfully added a line or is retained. When x... f When the value is 1, it indicates that train f needs to satisfy the time-sharing constraint for interval operation (stopping); when x f When the value is 0, d f,i,j With a f,i,j The values ​​are equal; F represents the set of trains, and A represents the set of arc segments in the road network, where (i,j)∈A, A f This represents the set of arc segments that train f can utilize.

[0124] It should be noted that, under normal operating conditions, trains are not allowed to overtake within a section; therefore, the running sequence of any two trains within the section is fixed. Thus, this invention allows for setting train running sequence constraints in the train line adjustment model.

[0125] Specifically, train operation sequence constraints may include:

[0126]

[0127] in, It represents the train running sequence and is a 0-1 variable; if train f2 passes through arc (i,j) before f1, its value is 1, otherwise it is 0.

[0128] It should be noted that, in order to ensure train operation safety, two trains must meet certain safe interval time constraints when passing through the same arc segment. Therefore, this invention can set time-division constraints on train operation safe intervals in the train operation line adjustment model.

[0129] Specifically, time-division constraints for safe train intervals may include:

[0130]

[0131]

[0132]

[0133]

[0134]

[0135] in, This represents a logical variable whose value is 0 or 1. If trains f1 and f2 both take the value 1, then... The value is 1 if the interval is not specified, and 0 otherwise. `he` represents the required safe interval between any two trains. The above formula can be used to constrain the minimum safe interval between the arrival and departure times of any two trains on the same arc segment.

[0136] Optionally, the constraints related to the trains to be pulled include: the number of trains to be pulled and / or the departure time window constraints for the trains to be pulled.

[0137] It should be noted that, considering the frequency of the same train operation plan may be greater than 1, meaning that multiple train lines may have the same stopping plan, in order to avoid wasting transport capacity resources, it is necessary to remove some operating lines. This requires satisfying a constraint on the number of lines removed. Therefore, this invention can set a constraint on the number of trains to be removed in the train operation line adjustment model.

[0138] Specifically, the constraints on the number of trains to be pulled from the tracks may include:

[0139]

[0140] in, c represents the set of trains on the same route as the current train f. l This indicates the required number of lines to be drawn in scheme line l.

[0141] It should be noted that passenger flow has off-peak and peak periods. During off-peak periods, it is often necessary to select certain train operating lines. At this time, the departure time window of the selected trains needs to be within a specified time range. Therefore, this invention can set the departure time window constraint for selected trains in the train operating line adjustment model.

[0142] Specifically, the time window constraints for the departure of the track-pulling trains can include:

[0143]

[0144]

[0145] in, This represents the time when the original train f departs from its starting arc segment. This indicates the lower limit of the drawing time that scheme line l should meet. This represents the lower limit of the track removal time that the proposed line l should satisfy. A relatively large positive number M is introduced into this constraint. If the train f is 1, it means that the train is retained or added to the line, and the constraint always holds; if the train f is 0, it means that the train is selected for track removal, and the track removal train departure time window constraint must be satisfied.

[0146] Optionally, constraints related to additional train lines include time window constraints for additional train lines.

[0147] It should be noted that, considering the rapid increase in passenger flow during peak periods, new train lines need to be added, and therefore their departure times need to meet certain time ranges. Therefore, this invention can set time window constraints for added trains in the train line adjustment model.

[0148] Specifically, the time window constraints for adding train lines may include:

[0149]

[0150]

[0151] in, This indicates the time when train f on the added line departs from its starting arc, floor f This represents the lower limit of the departure time domain that the train f on the added line should satisfy, ceil fThis represents the upper limit of the departure time domain that the additional train f must satisfy. Δt f This indicates the time during which the additional train f is allowed to adjust at its originating node.

[0152] Optionally, train timetable structural constraints include: train connection relationship constraints, original train departure adjustment time constraints, and / or balance constraints for added-line trains.

[0153] It should be noted that, in order to meet the transfer needs of some passengers, the adjustment of train timetables by adding lines must not disrupt the original train connection relationships. Too short a transfer time will result in passengers not having enough time to complete the transfer, while too long a transfer time will negatively impact the passenger experience and prolong travel time. Therefore, in the transfer relationship, the difference between the departure time of the subsequent train at the transfer station and the arrival / departure time of the preceding train at the transfer station should be controlled within a reasonable time range. Therefore, this invention can set train connection relationship constraints in the train timetable adjustment model.

[0154] Specifically, train connection constraints can be train transfer time constraints, which may include:

[0155]

[0156]

[0157] Among them, change min Indicates the shortest connection time required for one transfer. max This indicates the maximum possible connection time for a single transfer. It is a decision variable representing the continuation relationship. Its value of 1 indicates that the original continuation relationship is maintained, otherwise it indicates that the continuation relationship is broken.

[0158] It should be noted that removing a line may not affect the arrival and departure times of the original train timetable, but adding a new train line often requires some adjustments to the original trains. If adjustments to the original train timetable are allowed, the space available for adding lines is limited, leading to a lower probability of successful line addition. Therefore, in the actual process of adding lines, the arrival and departure times of the original train lines can be appropriately adjusted. Therefore, this invention can set an adjustment time constraint on the originating time of the original trains in the train line adjustment model.

[0159] Specifically, the original train departure time adjustment constraints may include:

[0160]

[0161]

[0162] Where, θ f,i,j This indicates that the arrival and departure times of train f can be adjusted.

[0163] Optionally, at least one running line constraint may also include: sunroof maintenance time constraint, spatiotemporal network constraint and / or variable value constraint.

[0164] It should be noted that high-speed railways have designated maintenance windows during which construction and maintenance work is carried out; for example, the general guidelines stipulate that maintenance windows are from 0:00 to 6:00. To ensure operational safety, trains are not permitted to operate during this period. Therefore, this invention allows for the setting of maintenance window constraints within the train operation line adjustment model.

[0165] Specifically, sunroof repair time constraints may include:

[0166]

[0167]

[0168] Among them, tw s Indicates the start time of the sunroof, tw e Indicates the end time of the sunroof.

[0169] It should be noted that the time when train f arrives at a certain arc segment (i, j) cannot be later than the time when it leaves that arc segment. Therefore, this invention can set spatiotemporal network constraints in the train operation line adjustment model.

[0170] Specifically, spatiotemporal network constraints can include:

[0171]

[0172] It should be noted that the decision variables involved in the model are mainly divided into two categories: one is 0-1 variables, such as x. f , and One type is integer variables, such as the arrival and departure times 'a' of a train on the arc it travels along. f,i,j and d f,i,j .in:

[0173]

[0174]

[0175]

[0176]

[0177]

[0178] Among the aforementioned operational line adjustment objectives—namely, ensuring that the variation in the original train departure and arrival times does not exceed a preset threshold, the total travel time of all trains does not exceed a preset threshold, and the disruption to the continuity of the original train timetable does not exceed a preset threshold—it should be noted that the principle for adjusting additional or removed lines should be to minimize the impact on the original train timetable, with minimizing the variation in the original train departure and arrival times being one of the objective functions. Therefore, this invention can set the operational line adjustment objective of ensuring that the variation in the original train departure and arrival times does not exceed a preset threshold in the train operational line adjustment model.

[0179] Specifically, the adjustment target of ensuring that the variation in the original train departure and arrival times does not exceed a preset variation threshold can include:

[0180]

[0181] In the formula, for the original train set F ini Remove the selected trains from the loop, and for the trains that are retained, minimize the sum of the changes in their departure and arrival times.

[0182] It should be noted that adjusting the original train timetable by adding or removing tracks will inevitably affect train travel speeds, thus increasing travel time. Travel speeds should not be reduced or travel time extended indefinitely in pursuit of additional tracks. Therefore, the objective function must also consider minimizing travel time. Thus, this invention can set a target in the train track adjustment model where the total travel time of all trains does not exceed a preset time threshold.

[0183]

[0184] In this invention, for each train, the difference between its arrival time at the terminal station and its departure time from the originating station, i.e., the total travel time, is calculated. Then, the travel times of all trains are summed, and the minimum value is selected as one of its objective functions.

[0185] It should be noted that the target for adjusting train routes where the degree of disruption to the original train timetable connection does not exceed a preset disruption threshold may include:

[0186]

[0187] Specifically, by refining the constraints and adjustment targets of each train line, this invention can effectively ensure the functionality of the train line adjustment model and improve the reliability of the train line adjustment model for adjusting train lines.

[0188] The train track adjustment method proposed in this invention can refine the constraints and adjustment targets of each track, effectively ensuring the functional realization of the train track adjustment model and improving the reliability of the train track adjustment model for adjusting train tracks.

[0189] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, this embodiment of the invention proposes a sixth method for adjusting train running lines, which may include:

[0190] S201. Obtain the original train timetable based on the original train operation diagram;

[0191] Specifically, the original train timetable can include the arrival and departure times of the train at the starting station, the destination station, and the stations it passes through.

[0192] S202. Based on the preliminary passenger flow survey, a candidate set of trains for line removal and line addition is generated;

[0193] Specifically, the candidate sets for trains to be removed and added can be either the candidate sets for removal or the candidate sets for addition, and can be used as input data for the integrated optimization model of removal and addition of train tracks in the high-speed railway train timetable to be constructed.

[0194] Specifically, the integrated optimization model for track removal and addition in high-speed railway train timetables can be part of the train track adjustment model of this invention. The integrated optimization model for track removal and addition in high-speed railway train timetables can include an objective function and a set of train track constraint conditions. It is understood that the train track adjustment model of this invention can also include a solution unit, which can be used to solve the integrated optimization model for track removal and addition in high-speed railway train timetables to obtain track removal and addition information.

[0195] S203. Construct an integrated optimization model for the removal and addition of tracks in the high-speed railway train timetable;

[0196] Specifically, this invention can construct an integrated optimization model for the removal and addition of tracks in high-speed railway train timetables based on a determined objective function and a set of train operation line constraints.

[0197] S204. Solve the integrated optimization model of track removal and track addition in the high-speed railway train timetable to obtain the train combinations of track removal and track addition.

[0198] Specifically, the combination of track removal and track addition for trains can include track removal information and track addition information, which may include information such as the number and location of track removal and track addition.

[0199] It should be noted that the present invention can construct an integrated optimization model for the removal and addition of tracks in the high-speed railway train timetable through steps S201, S202, S203 and S204, and use the integrated optimization model for the removal and addition of tracks in the high-speed railway train timetable to determine the removal and addition information, thereby effectively improving the adjustment efficiency and reliability of train timetables.

[0200] The train track adjustment method proposed in this invention can construct an integrated optimization model for the removal and addition of tracks in high-speed railway train timetables, and use this integrated optimization model to determine the removal and addition information, effectively improving the adjustment efficiency and reliability of train track.

[0201] The train track adjustment device provided by the present invention is described below. The train track adjustment device described below and the train track adjustment method described above can be referred to in correspondence.

[0202] and Figure 1 The method shown corresponds to, for example Figure 3 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a train track adjustment device. The device may include: a first obtaining unit 301, an input unit 302, and a second obtaining unit 303, wherein:

[0203] The first obtaining unit 301 is used to obtain input data for the train operation line adjustment model. The input data includes train operation data, a set of line removal candidates, and a set of line addition candidates. The train operation line adjustment model includes an objective function and a set of constraints. The objective function includes at least one operation line adjustment objective, and the set of constraints includes at least one operation line constraint.

[0204] Input unit 302 is used to input input data into the train operation line adjustment model;

[0205] The second acquisition unit 303 is used to acquire the line-drawing information and / or line-addition information output by the train operation line adjustment model based on the input data, objective function and constraint condition set.

[0206] It should be noted that the specific processing procedures of the first obtaining unit 301, the input unit 302, and the second obtaining unit 303, as well as their resulting technical effects, can be found in the present invention. Figure 1 The relevant explanations of steps S101, S102 and S103 will not be repeated here.

[0207] Optionally, obtain the line-pulling candidate set and set it as follows:

[0208] Based on train operation information, determine the priority of drawing at least some trains in the set of trains to be evaluated; the train operation information includes at least the train occupancy rate;

[0209] At least some of the train routes are sorted according to the priority of line drawing to obtain the sorting results;

[0210] Based on the sorting results, a candidate set for line drawing was determined.

[0211] Optionally, when the train operation information only includes train occupancy rates, based on the train operation information, the priority for drawing at least some trains in the set of trains to be evaluated is determined and set as follows:

[0212] Determine the passenger occupancy rate of each train in the set of trains to be evaluated;

[0213] Based on the principle that the priority of train number selection is positively correlated with the passenger load factor, the priority of train number selection is set for each train number in the set of train numbers to be evaluated.

[0214] Optionally, when the train operation information also includes route information, based on the train operation information, the priority of drawing at least some trains in the set of trains to be evaluated is determined and set as follows:

[0215] Determine at least one subset of trains from the set of trains to be evaluated. Each subset of trains includes all trains in the set of trains to be evaluated that have the same route information.

[0216] The subset of train numbers that includes at least two train numbers in each subset of train numbers is determined as the target train number subset.

[0217] Based on the train occupancy rate, the priority of drawing trains in each train in the target train number subset is set.

[0218] Optionally, obtain the line candidate set and set it as follows:

[0219] Identify the target station where the outbound passenger flow exceeds the preset flow threshold;

[0220] Identify the short-distance train numbers to serve the target station;

[0221] Short-distance train services will be identified as alternative routes for additional train services.

[0222] Based on the candidate train routes, generate a candidate set for adding routes.

[0223] Optionally, obtain the line candidate set and set it as follows:

[0224] Obtain the ticket sales volume for each train service;

[0225] Trains with ticket sales exceeding a preset ticket sales threshold are identified as target trains;

[0226] The target train number was identified as a candidate for additional train routes.

[0227] Based on the candidate train routes, generate a candidate set for adding routes.

[0228] Optionally, train operation data may include: train connection information, connection time, track removal time window and / or track addition time window.

[0229] Optionally, at least one train schedule adjustment objective includes: the degree of change in the original train departure and arrival times is not greater than a preset change threshold, the total travel time of all trains is not greater than a preset travel time threshold, and / or the degree of disruption to the original train schedule connection is not greater than a preset disruption threshold.

[0230] Optionally, at least one operating line constraint condition includes at least: original train timetable constraints, constraints related to trains with removed lines, constraints related to trains with added lines, and / or train timetable structure constraints.

[0231] The train route adjustment device proposed in this invention can obtain input data for a train route adjustment model. The input data includes train operation data, a set of candidate lines to be removed, and a set of candidate lines to be added. The train route adjustment model includes an objective function and a set of constraints. The objective function includes at least one route adjustment objective, and the set of constraints includes at least one route constraint. The input data is fed into the train route adjustment model to obtain the removal and / or addition information output by the model based on the input data, the objective function, and the set of constraints. When passenger demand changes, this invention can adjust the train route schedule based on the removal and / or addition information output by the train route adjustment model. It employs a combined removal and addition strategy, removing redundant lines and adding new lines according to diverse passenger needs, thereby improving the refinement and customization of passenger service and enhancing the reliability of adjustments. This invention eliminates the need for manual experience to determine specific removal and addition measures, effectively reducing human resource consumption and improving the efficiency of train route adjustments.

[0232] Figure 4 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 410, a communication interface 420, a memory 430, and a communication bus 440, wherein the processor 410, the communication interface 420, and the memory 430 communicate with each other via the communication bus 440. The processor 410 can call logical instructions in the memory 430 to execute a train track adjustment method, which includes:

[0233] The input data for the train operation line adjustment model is obtained. The input data includes train operation data, a set of candidate lines to be removed, and a set of candidate lines to be added. The train operation line adjustment model includes an objective function and a set of constraints. The objective function includes at least one operation line adjustment objective, and the set of constraints includes at least one operation line constraint.

[0234] Input data into the train operation line adjustment model to obtain the line removal and / or line addition information output by the train operation line adjustment model based on the input data, objective function and constraint condition set.

[0235] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 430 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0236] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer is able to execute the train track adjustment method provided by the above methods, the method including:

[0237] The input data for the train operation line adjustment model is obtained. The input data includes train operation data, a set of candidate lines to be removed, and a set of candidate lines to be added. The train operation line adjustment model includes an objective function and a set of constraints. The objective function includes at least one operation line adjustment objective, and the set of constraints includes at least one operation line constraint.

[0238] Input data into the train operation line adjustment model to obtain the line removal and / or line addition information output by the train operation line adjustment model based on the input data, objective function and constraint condition set.

[0239] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the train track adjustment method provided by the methods described above, the method comprising:

[0240] The input data for the train operation line adjustment model is obtained. The input data includes train operation data, a set of candidate lines to be removed, and a set of candidate lines to be added. The train operation line adjustment model includes an objective function and a set of constraints. The objective function includes at least one operation line adjustment objective, and the set of constraints includes at least one operation line constraint.

[0241] Input data into the train operation line adjustment model to obtain the line removal and / or line addition information output by the train operation line adjustment model based on the input data, objective function and constraint condition set.

[0242] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0243] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of various embodiments or some parts of embodiments.

[0244] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting train running lines, characterized in that, include: The input data for the train operation line adjustment model is obtained. The input data includes train operation data, a set of candidate lines to be removed, and a set of candidate lines to be added. The train operation line adjustment model includes an objective function and a set of constraints. The objective function includes at least one operation line adjustment objective, and the set of constraints includes at least one operation line constraint. The input data is input into the train operation line adjustment model to obtain the line removal and / or line addition information output by the train operation line adjustment model based on the input data, the objective function, and the constraint condition group. The train operation line adjustment model is an integrated adjustment of line removal and line addition based on train operation data, which is a model to adaptively adjust multiple train operation lines in the train operation diagram according to passenger flow fluctuations. When outputting line removal information based on the train operation line adjustment model, the passenger flow of the removed train is merged into the first target train whose trajectory covers the removed train. If the remaining capacity of the first target train cannot meet the passenger flow of the removed train, the passenger flow of the removed train is merged into the second target train whose trajectory intersects with the removed train, and stops are added according to passenger flow demand.

2. The train line adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtaining the set of candidate lines includes: Based on train operation information, the priority of drawing at least some trains in the set of trains to be evaluated is determined; the train operation information includes at least the train occupancy rate. The at least some train numbers are sorted according to the priority of line drawing to obtain the sorting result; Based on the sorting results, the candidate set for line drawing is determined.

3. The train line adjustment method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the train operation information only includes train occupancy rates, the step of determining the priority of drawing at least a portion of the trains in the set to be evaluated based on the train operation information includes: Determine the passenger occupancy rate of each train in the set of trains to be evaluated; Based on the principle that the priority of train number selection is negatively correlated with the passenger load factor, the priority of train number selection in the set of train numbers to be evaluated is set respectively.

4. The train line adjustment method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the train operation information also includes route information, the step of determining the priority of drawing at least a portion of the trains in the set to be evaluated based on the train operation information includes: At least one subset of train services is determined from the set of train services to be evaluated, and each subset of train services includes all train services in the set of train services to be evaluated that have the same route information. The subset of train numbers that includes at least two train numbers is determined as the target train number subset. Based on the train occupancy rate, the priority of drawing trains in each train in the target train subset is set.

5. The train line adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtaining the set of candidate lines includes: Identify the target station where the outbound passenger flow exceeds the preset flow threshold; Determine the short-distance train numbers to serve the target station; The short-distance train numbers were identified as candidate train numbers for additional routes. Based on the candidate train routes, the candidate route set is generated.

6. The train line adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtaining the set of candidate lines includes: Obtain the ticket sales volume for each train service; Trains with ticket sales exceeding a preset ticket sales threshold are identified as target trains; The target train number is identified as a candidate train for additional routes. Based on the candidate train routes, the candidate route set is generated.

7. The train line adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The train operation data includes: train connection information, connection time, track removal time window and / or track addition time window.

8. The train line adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least one train schedule adjustment target includes: the degree of change in the original train departure and arrival times is not greater than a preset change threshold, the total travel time of all trains is not greater than a preset travel time threshold, and / or the degree of disruption to the original train schedule connection is not greater than a preset disruption threshold.

9. The train line adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least one operating line constraint condition includes at least: original train timetable constraints, constraints related to trains with removed lines, constraints related to trains with added lines, and / or train timetable structure constraints.

10. A train track adjustment device, characterized in that, include: The unit comprises a first obtaining unit, an input unit, and a second obtaining unit, wherein: The first obtaining unit is used to obtain input data for the train operation line adjustment model. The input data includes train operation data, a line removal candidate set, and a line addition candidate set. The train operation line adjustment model includes an objective function and a set of constraints. The objective function includes at least one operation line adjustment objective, and the set of constraints includes at least one operation line constraint. The input unit is used to input the input data into the train operation line adjustment model; The second obtaining unit is used to obtain the line removal information and / or line addition information output by the train operation line adjustment model based on the input data, the objective function, and the constraint condition group; the train operation line adjustment model is an integrated adjustment of line removal and line addition based on train operation data, so as to realize the adaptive adjustment of multiple train operation lines in the train operation diagram according to passenger flow fluctuations; when the line removal information is output based on the train operation line adjustment model, the passenger flow of the removed train is merged into the first target train whose trajectory covers the removed train; if the remaining capacity of the first target train cannot meet the passenger flow of the removed train, the passenger flow of the removed train is merged into the second target train whose trajectory intersects with the removed train, and stops are added according to passenger flow demand.

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