Frustum dome excavation method

Abstract

The application discloses a spherical cap dome excavation method, comprising the following steps: step one, excavating a construction passage; step two, excavating from the construction passage along the bottom diameter of the spherical cap dome to the center of the bottom of the spherical cap dome, and dividing a plurality of strip-shaped subareas and a plurality of fan-shaped subareas among the strip-shaped subareas around the center; and step three, excavating the plurality of strip-shaped subareas in sequence, and then excavating the plurality of fan-shaped subareas in sequence. The spherical cap dome construction quality and construction precision can be improved by controlling the excavation and forming processes.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of underground cavern construction. More particularly, the present application relates to a method for excavating a spherical dome. BACKGROUND

[0002] The underground spherical dome construction method usually adopts the reserved rock pillar method or the central pilot tunnel method, etc. The reserved rock pillar method has a good temporary support system, and the central pilot tunnel method is to excavate a central pilot tunnel first, then enter the dome from the central pilot tunnel, and then excavate around. However, these methods lack control over excavation and forming, and cannot meet the requirements for the construction quality and construction precision of the spherical dome, and further improvement is urgently needed. SUMMARY

[0003] An object of the present application is to provide a method for excavating a spherical dome, which can improve the construction quality and construction precision of the spherical dome by controlling the excavation and forming process.

[0004] In order to achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the application, as embodied and broadly described herein, in one aspect of the present application, a method for excavating a spherical dome is provided, comprising: step one, excavating a construction passage; step two, excavating from the construction passage along the diameter of the bottom of the spherical dome to the center of the bottom of the spherical dome, and dividing a plurality of strip-shaped partitions and a plurality of fan-shaped partitions between the strip-shaped partitions around the center; step three, excavating the plurality of strip-shaped partitions in sequence, and then excavating the plurality of fan-shaped partitions in sequence.

[0005] Further, it further comprises: after excavating the plurality of strip-shaped partitions, determining a plurality of reference points in the strip-shaped partitions, and determining the construction height at the positions of the plurality of reference points according to the distances of the plurality of reference points from the center, and vertically excavating upward from the positions of the plurality of reference points to the construction height.

[0006] Further, the plurality of reference points in the two adjacent strip-shaped partitions are staggered with each other.

[0007] Further, the reference holes are formed by vertically excavating upward from the positions of the plurality of reference points, and reference markers are arranged in the reference holes.

[0008] Further, the plurality of fan-shaped partitions are divided into a plurality of layers along the radial direction, the dividing lines of the layers are located at the reference markers, and each layer is excavated in sequence from the inside to the outside.

[0009] Further, when excavating each layer, the method of middle blasting and two-side reserved protective layer is adopted.

[0010] Further, initial support is arranged after excavating the plurality of strip-shaped partitions, excavating the reference holes, and excavating each layer.

[0011] Further, the initial support is implemented by using steel mesh and spraying concrete.

[0012] Further, the height of the strip-shaped partition is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the maximum height of the spherical dome, and the upper part of the strip-shaped partition is excavated after the excavation of the plurality of fan-shaped partitions is completed.

[0013] The present application at least includes the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The present application excavates from the construction passage along the diameter of the bottom of the spherical dome to the center of the bottom of the spherical dome, then divides a plurality of strip-shaped partitions and a plurality of fan-shaped partitions between the strip-shaped partitions around the center, and then excavates the plurality of strip-shaped partitions and the plurality of fan-shaped partitions in sequence; the present application first determines the center, then divides the partitions according to the center, and then excavates in sequence, which can accurately control the excavation and forming process, thereby improving the construction quality and construction precision of the spherical dome.

[0015] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description, and will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Fig. 1 is a top view of the strip-shaped partition and the fan-shaped partition of the present application;

[0017] Fig. 2 is a side view of the strip-shaped partition of the present application;

[0018] Fig. 3 is a layered schematic view of the fan-shaped partition of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement the present application according to the description.

[0020] It should be understood that the terms such as "have", "contain" and "include" used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0021] As Figs. 1-3As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a spherical dome 1 excavation method, comprising: step one, excavating a construction passage; step two, excavating from the construction passage along the diameter of the bottom of the spherical dome 1 to the center of the bottom of the spherical dome 1, and dividing a plurality of strip partitions 2 and a plurality of fan-shaped partitions 3 between the plurality of strip partitions 2 around the center; step three, excavating the plurality of strip partitions 2 in turn, and then excavating the plurality of fan-shaped partitions 3 in turn; the width and height of the construction passage need to meet the access of construction machinery, such as 3-4 meters; the position of the center is accurately determined according to the design size of the spherical dome 1 and the measuring tool, and then a plurality of strip partitions 2 with a width of 3-4 meters are divided from the center as the starting point, the length of the strip partition 2 is equal to the diameter of the bottom of the spherical dome 1, at this time, the strip partitions 2 also surround a plurality of fan-shaped partitions 3; after the partitions are drawn, the strip partitions 2 are excavated first, the passage excavated from the construction passage is also expanded to a strip partition, and after the strip partitions 2 are excavated, the fan-shaped partitions 3 are excavated; the embodiment first determines the center as a reference point, then excavates the strip partitions 2 according to the center as a diameter reference line, and then excavates each fan-shaped partition 3 in turn, the use of the reference point and the reference line can divide and excavate, and the excavation and forming process can be accurately controlled, thereby improving the construction quality and construction precision of the spherical dome 1.

[0022] In other embodiments, further comprising: after excavating the plurality of strip partitions 2, determining a plurality of reference points in the strip partitions 2, and determining the construction height at the positions of the plurality of reference points according to the distances between the plurality of reference points and the center, and vertically excavating upward from the positions of the plurality of reference points to the construction height; optionally, the reference points are spaced apart by 3-5 meters, and the construction height at the reference point is excavated upward at the reference point, that is, the upper end boundary of the spherical dome at the reference hole is reached, and the construction height is determined according to the design size of the spherical dome 1, here the upward excavation to the construction height is used as a height reference to further accurately control the excavation and forming process.

[0023] In other embodiments, the plurality of reference points in the two adjacent strip partitions 2 are staggered with each other; by staggering the reference points with each other, more size height references can be formed to further facilitate the control of the excavation and forming process.

[0024] In other embodiments, a reference hole 4 is formed by vertically excavating upward from the positions of the plurality of reference points, see Fig. 2 a reference marker is arranged in the reference hole 4; the reference marker has a plurality of marking points, each marking point represents a different height, and the height reference is further optimized; the reference marker can be a steel bar, and the plurality of marking points can be small steel bars transversely welded on the steel bar, and the steel bar is inserted into the surrounding rock.

[0025] In other embodiments, the plurality of fan-shaped partitions 3 are divided into multiple layers along the radial direction, the boundary line of each layer 301 is located at the reference marker, and each layer 301 is excavated in turn from inside to outside; the width of each layer is 3-5 meters, corresponding to the position of the reference marker, see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 to better utilize the reference effect of the reference marker.

[0026] In other embodiments, when excavating each layer, intermediate blasting and 0.8-1 meter of protective layer on both sides are adopted.

[0027] In other embodiments, initial support is provided after excavating the plurality of strip-shaped partitions 2, excavating the reference hole 4, and excavating each layer, to ensure the stability of the surrounding rock.

[0028] In other embodiments, the initial support is reinforced mesh sprayed concrete, which has good effect and is relatively easy to implement.

[0029] In other embodiments, the height of the strip-shaped partition 2 is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the maximum height of the spherical cap dome 1, and the upper part of the strip-shaped partition 2 is excavated after the plurality of fan-shaped partitions 3 are excavated; the strip-shaped partition 2 is used to detect and determine the geological conditions of the area where the spherical cap dome 1 is located, so excavating only 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the height can reduce the construction amount, and excavating the remaining height after the fan-shaped partitions 3 are excavated also has high precision.

[0030] The number of devices and the scale of processing described herein are used to simplify the description of the present application. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the application of the spherical cap dome excavation method, modifications and changes are obvious.

[0031] Although the embodiments of the present application have been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the application listed in the specification and the embodiments, and can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present application, and other modifications can be easily realized by those skilled in the art, therefore the present application is not limited to specific details and the figures shown and described herein, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope.

Claims

1. A method of dome excavation, characterised in that, The application relates to a method for excavating a spherical dome. The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: excavating a construction channel; Step 2: excavating from the construction channel along the diameter of the bottom of the spherical dome to the center of the bottom of the spherical dome, and dividing a plurality of strip-shaped sub-zones and a plurality of fan-shaped sub-zones between the strip-shaped sub-zones around the center; Step 3: excavating the strip-shaped sub-zones in sequence, and then excavating the fan-shaped sub-zones in sequence; After excavating the strip-shaped sub-zones, a plurality of reference points are determined in the strip-shaped sub-zones, the construction height at the positions of the reference points is determined according to the distances between the reference points and the center, and the reference holes are formed by vertically excavating upward from the positions of the reference points to the construction height, wherein the excavation to the construction height is the excavation to the upper end boundary of the spherical dome at the positions of the reference holes; Reference posts are arranged in the reference holes; 2. The method of crown dome excavation of claim 1, wherein, The fan-shaped sub-zones are divided into a plurality of layers along the radial direction, the boundary lines of the layers are located at the reference posts, and the layers are excavated in sequence from inside to outside.

3. The method of crown dome excavation of claim 1, wherein, The reference points in the adjacent two strip-shaped sub-zones are staggered.

4. The method of crown dome excavation of claim 1, wherein, When excavating the layers, the middle blasting and the protection layers on both sides are adopted.

5. The method of crown dome excavation of claim 4, wherein, Primary support is arranged after excavating the strip-shaped sub-zones, excavating the reference holes and excavating the layers.

6. The method of crown dome excavation of claim 1, wherein, The primary support is formed by spraying concrete on the steel mesh. The height of the strip-shaped sub-zone is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the maximum height of the spherical dome, and the upper part of the strip-shaped sub-zone is excavated after the fan-shaped sub-zones are excavated.

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