A first wall structure for use in a tokamak vacuum chamber

Abstract

This invention discloses a first wall structure for a tokamak vacuum chamber, used in the weak-field side region. The first wall structure includes a first wall module body and a transition support. The first wall module body includes a detachable graphite layer, a graphite foil, and a back plate fixed together, with the graphite foil fixed between the graphite layer and the back plate. The back plate is fixedly connected to the transition support, which is installed on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber. Internal components within the vacuum chamber are installed in the space between the transition support and the inner wall. This invention integrates the modular graphite design with the back plate as a whole on the transition support, eliminating the need for installation within the confined vacuum chamber space, reducing installation difficulty, and simplifying the positioning of the graphite. This facilitates the installation, disassembly, and subsequent maintenance of the first wall module body. Other internal components are not installed within the graphite, reducing manufacturing costs. The internal components are highly adjustable, meeting the flexible adjustment needs of many internal diagnostic systems.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vacuum chamber protection of magnetic confinement nuclear fusion devices, and particularly relates to a first wall structure used in a tokamak vacuum chamber. BACKGROUND

[0002] The vacuum chamber is one of the three main components of the tokamak device, and it bears the heavy responsibility of providing a stable reaction space for the ultra-high temperature plasma. A large number of internal components are arranged on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber to ensure the correct operation of the device. During the operation of the device, a large number of high-temperature particles will spread to the periphery from the core. If the internal components and the vacuum chamber are not protected or the protection effect is not good, the high-temperature particles will cause damage to the internal components and the vacuum chamber. Therefore, a first wall with good effect needs to be arranged between the internal components and the high-temperature plasma. The first wall will directly face the high-temperature plasma, absorb the high heat flux load from the core of the device, and protect the inner wall of the vacuum chamber and other internal components.

[0003] The cooling methods of the first wall of the tokamak device mainly include active cooling and passive cooling. For most tokamak experimental devices, most of the first wall regions, especially the regions near the weak field side window, have a low heat flux load (<0.35 MW / m 2 ), and the space is narrow, so it is not suitable to use the active cooling method which has a large structural process difficulty, a complex fluid pipe layout, and a difficult installation and maintenance. At present, the design of the carbon-based first wall of the tokamak device in the low heat flux density region is generally as follows: the graphite is connected with the stud directly welded on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber to be fixed on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber, and other internal components of the vacuum chamber are hidden in the internally hollowed graphite blocks. When other internal components are replaced, upgraded, and maintained, the graphite needs to be disassembled first, which increases the possibility of damage to the first wall and increases the maintenance cycle. On the one hand, since the other internal components are covered by the graphite, they do not have flexibility or have weak adjustability, and cannot meet the flexible adjustment requirements of many internal diagnostic systems. On the other hand, the graphite needs sufficient thickness allowance to ensure that it can fully cover the other internal components, and the internally hollowed graphite has a large waste amount. The processing methods and forms of the graphite blocks at different positions are different, and the graphite processing difficulty is large. At the same time, the installation of the graphite blocks is completed in the narrow space of the vacuum chamber. Based on the different forms of the graphite blocks at different positions, the installation difficulty of the graphite blocks is greatly increased, and the installation and later maintenance of the other internal components in the graphite blocks are also difficult.

[0004] Therefore, it is very necessary to design a first wall structure which is easy to install and maintain, and can meet the requirements of convenient installation and maintenance of other internal components for the low heat flux load first wall region. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the application provides a first wall structure for a tokamak vacuum chamber, which integrates a graphite modular design and a back plate as a whole on a transition support, does not need to be installed in a narrow vacuum chamber space, reduces installation difficulty, reduces graphite installation and positioning difficulty, facilitates installation, disassembly and subsequent maintenance of the first wall module body. Other internal components are not installed in the graphite, which reduces manufacturing cost, and the internal components have strong adjustability and can meet the flexible adjustment requirements of many internal diagnostic systems.

[0006] The application aims to provide a first wall structure for a tokamak vacuum chamber, which is used in a weak field side area and includes a first wall module body and a transition support.

[0007] The first wall module body includes detachable graphite layers, graphite foils and a back plate which are fixed together, and the graphite foils are fixed between the graphite layers and the back plate.

[0008] The back plate is fixedly connected to the transition support, the transition support is installed on an inner wall of the vacuum chamber, and internal components in the vacuum chamber are installed in a space between the transition support and the inner wall of the vacuum chamber.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the graphite layers are formed by arranging a plurality of graphite tiles, and each graphite tile is provided with a through annular through hole and a screw through hole perpendicular to the surface of the graphite tile.

[0010] The graphite layers, the graphite foils and the back plate are connected together through a pressing rod connecting assembly.

[0011] The pressing rod connecting assembly includes a pressing rod, a pressing rod screw and a pressing rod threaded hole, the pressing rod threaded hole is arranged on the pressing rod, the pressing rod can be inserted into the annular through hole to connect at least two graphite tiles arranged side by side, and the pressing rod screw is connected to the pressing rod threaded hole through the back plate, the graphite foils and the screw through hole in sequence.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the graphite layers are provided with fixed screw through holes on the graphite tiles at both ends, the transition support is provided with fixed holes, and a fixed screw is connected to the fixed screw through holes, the back plate and the fixed holes in sequence.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the transition support includes a bridge, a leg and a side plate, one leg is arranged at each end of each side plate, the two side plates are arranged at both sides of the bridge, the fixed holes are arranged on the bridge, the annular width of the bridge is less than the annular width of the back plate and greater than half of the annular width of the back plate, and the leg is provided with a mounting hole to be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vacuum chamber or a vacuum chamber flange.

[0014] In an alternative embodiment, the side plate is inclined towards the side of the bridge surface and the back plate fixed at an angle of 90-180 degrees.

[0015] In an alternative embodiment, the side plate is inclined towards the side of the bridge surface and the back plate fixed at an angle of 120-155 degrees.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment, a plurality of square holes are provided on the bridge surface, and the total area of the plurality of square holes is greater than 60% and less than 95% of the total area of the transition support.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment, the graphite tile (1) at the two polar ends of the graphite layer has an angle less than 180 degrees with the corresponding adjacent graphite tile (1) to form a corner, the polar ends of the back plate (2) are inwardly bent to form an angle same as the angle of the corner, and the transition support (3) is adapted to the structure of the back plate (2) to make the back plate (2) fit the bridge surface (34) of the transition support (3). In an alternative embodiment, the plate width of the two ends of the side plate is greater than the plate width of the middle part, and an adjusting pad is provided between the foot and the vacuum chamber flange, and the adjusting pad is made of insulating material or oxygen-free copper material.

[0018] In an alternative embodiment, the installation method of the first wall structure is as follows:

[0019] Welding studs are installed on the vacuum chamber flange or the inner wall of the vacuum chamber, and the transition support is installed on the welding studs;

[0020] The first wall module body is assembled;

[0021] The first wall module body is installed on the transition support.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0023] The first wall structure provided by the embodiment of the application can modularize the design of the graphite and install the back plate as a whole on the transition support, and then install the transition support on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber, so that the graphite can be assembled outside the vacuum chamber and does not need to be installed in the narrow space of the vacuum chamber, thereby greatly reducing the installation difficulty.

[0024] Since the transition support is pre-installed in the vacuum chamber and the graphite is also pre-accurately positioned on the back plate, it is not necessary to accurately position each installed graphite in the vacuum chamber in sequence, thereby reducing the installation and positioning difficulty of the graphite.

[0025] The detachable fixed connection of the graphite layer, the graphite foil and the back plate facilitates the installation, disassembly and subsequent maintenance of the first wall module body; the graphite foil is adopted to improve the contact between the graphite and the back plate, improve the passive heat transfer effect, so that the first wall has good heat dissipation capacity, and the structure is simple and easy to install and maintain.

[0026] The other internal components in the vacuum chamber are installed in the space between the transition support and the inner wall of the vacuum chamber, without the need to hollow out the graphite or design different forms of graphite blocks to install the internal components, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and the difficulty of installation and maintenance of the internal components, and the internal components are not completely covered by the graphite blocks, have flexible adjustability, strong adjustability, and can meet the flexible adjustment requirements of many internal diagnostic systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the example embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments, and it should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic view of a first wall structure for a tokamak vacuum chamber provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 A structural schematic view of the first wall structure of the present application when installed in the vacuum chamber;

[0030] Figure 3 A structural schematic view of the transition support of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 A structural schematic view of the compression rod connecting assembly and the cooperation of the graphite layer and the back plate of the present application;

[0032] The components in the drawings and the corresponding labels are:

[0033] 1. graphite tile; 2. back plate; 3. transition support; 4. vacuum chamber; 5. internal component; 6. graphite foil, 11. screw through hole, 12. ring through hole; 13. fixed screw through hole; 14. compression rod; 15. compression rod screw; 16. chamfer; 17. compression rod screw hole; 31. foot; 32. mounting hole; 33. reinforcing rib; 34. bridge; 35. square hole; 36. fixed hole; 41. flange; 42. welding stud; 43. adjusting pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this invention are only for explaining this invention and are not intended to limit this invention.

[0035] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not necessary to practice the invention. In other embodiments, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods have not been specifically described in order to avoid obscuring the invention.

[0036] Throughout this specification, references to "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, the phrases "an embodiment," "an example," "an example," or "an example" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable combination and / or sub-combination. Moreover, those skilled in the art will understand that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a first wall structure for a tokamak vacuum chamber includes a first wall module body and a transition support 3.

[0039] The main body of the first wall module consists of a graphite layer, a graphite foil 6, and a back plate 2. The graphite foil 6 is disposed between the graphite layer and the back plate 2 as a transition layer, and the shape and outline of the graphite foil 6 are similar to the plasma-facing surface of the graphite tile 1. The graphite layer, graphite foil 6, and back plate 2 are detachably and fixedly connected together. The back plate 2 is fixedly connected to the transition support 3, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 4 or on the flange 41. Other internal components 5 in the vacuum chamber 4 are installed in the space between the transition support 3 and the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 4.

[0040] In this embodiment of the invention, the transition support 3 can be installed on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 4 first, and then the main body of the first wall module is designed to be pre-assembled into a whole by means of detachable fixed connection and then installed on the transition support 3. In this way, graphite can be assembled outside the vacuum chamber 4 without having to install it in the narrow space of the vacuum chamber 4, which greatly reduces the installation difficulty.

[0041] The transition support 3 is pre-installed in the vacuum chamber 4, allowing for precise pre-positioning. Then, the main body of the first wall module, which already has graphite precisely installed, only needs to be installed on the pre-positioned transition support 3. This eliminates the need to precisely position each graphite piece sequentially within the vacuum chamber 4, reducing the difficulty of precise positioning and installation of the graphite and the overall first wall module.

[0042] The graphite layer, graphite foil 6, and back plate 2 are detachably fixedly connected, thus the graphite layer, graphite foil 6, and back plate 2 are modularly designed as a whole, which facilitates the installation, disassembly, and subsequent maintenance of the main body of the first wall module. The use of graphite foil 6 improves the contact between graphite and back plate 2, enhances the passive heat transfer effect, and gives the first wall good heat dissipation capacity. The structure is simple and easy to install and maintain.

[0043] Other internal components 5 inside the vacuum chamber 4 are installed in the space between the transition support 3 and the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 4. It is not necessary to hollow out the graphite or design different types of graphite blocks to install the internal components 5, which reduces the manufacturing cost and the difficulty of installing and maintaining the internal components 5. The internal components 5 will not be covered by graphite blocks, and have flexible adjustability. They are highly adjustable and can meet the flexible adjustment needs of many internal diagnostic systems.

[0044] Furthermore, the overall contour of the graphite layer facing the plasma surface should match the plasma operating configuration of the device in the polar direction, and should be as close to the same plane as possible in the circumferential direction. The graphite layer is composed of multiple high-purity graphite tiles 1 of different sizes and uniform thicknesses, arranged according to certain rules, such as... Figure 1 , 4 As shown, they can be arranged in two rows along a circumferential direction. The shape of the graphite tile 1 can be flexibly selected according to the space available at the specific location. The ash content of the graphite tile 1 is <50ppm, and there is an installation gap between two adjacent graphite tiles 1, which can be between 1 and 2mm.

[0045] Each graphite tile 1 has an circumferential through hole 12 of the same diameter, and also has two screw through holes 11 perpendicular to its surface. The axis of the screw through hole 11 intersects the axis of the circumferential through hole 12, and the diameter of the screw through hole 11 should be smaller than the radius of the circumferential through hole 12.

[0046] The graphite layer, graphite foil 6, and back plate 2 are connected together by a pressure bar connecting assembly;

[0047] The pressure rod connecting assembly includes a pressure rod 14, a pressure rod screw 15, and a pressure rod threaded hole 17. The pressure rod 14 is semi-cylindrical, and the pressure rod threaded hole 17 is formed on the pressure rod 14 along its radial direction. The position and diameter of the pressure rod threaded hole 17 match two screw through holes 11 on the graphite tile 1. The diameter of the screw through holes 11 is smaller than the radius of the circumferential through hole 12. The pressure rod 14 is inserted circumferentially into the circumferential through hole 12 of the graphite tile 1 to connect two graphite tiles 1 placed side by side. The pressure rod screw 15 can sequentially pass through the back plate 2, the graphite foil 6, the screw through hole 11, and connect to the pressure rod threaded hole 17 on the pressure rod 14, thereby assembling and connecting the back plate 2, the graphite foil 6, and the graphite layer together. The graphite tiles 1 at both ends of the graphite layer have screw holes 13, and the transition support 3 has holes 36. The screws pass through the screw holes 13, the graphite foil 6, and the back plate 2 in sequence and connect to the holes 36, thereby fixing the main body of the first wall module to the transition support 3. The pressure rod screws 15 are secured with double-layer anti-loosening washers.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, a full screw connection method is adopted, and the installation of the first wall is divided into three independent stages, so that the main body of the first wall module can be installed and disassembled outside the vacuum chamber 4, and all of them are fixed from the front.

[0049] Furthermore, the transition support 3 is shaped like an overpass, including a bridge deck 34, legs 31, and side plates. It has four legs 31, which are symmetrically distributed and connected in a rectangular shape. Each leg 31 has a mounting hole 32 for engaging with a welding stud 42. The mounting hole 32 can be a slotted through hole. The welding stud 42 is welded to the edge of the flange 41 of the vacuum chamber 4 by stud welding, or it can be directly welded to the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 4. Thus, the transition support is fixed to the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 4 or the edge of the flange 41 by nuts and welding studs 42. The preferred welding position of the welding stud 42 is at one of the four smooth chamfers 16 of the flange 41 (a 45° chamfer is formed by beveling the edges of the graphite tiles 1 on both sides of the graphite layer. The size of the chamfer should be greater than 2mm and less than half the thickness of the graphite tile 1. The chamfer can be replaced by a chamfer 16). The diameter of the mounting hole 32 is larger than the diameter of the welding stud 42. Each side plate has a corresponding support leg 31 at both ends. Each support leg 31 can be integrally formed with the side plate. The two side plates are located on both sides of the bridge deck 34. Fixing holes 36 are provided on the bridge deck 34. The diameter and position of the fixing holes 36 match the diameter and position of the through holes on the back plate 2. The circumferential width of the bridge deck 34 is less than the circumferential width of the back plate 2 but greater than half of the circumferential width of the back plate 2, for mounting the back plate 2. Preferably, it is 3 / 4 of the circumferential width of the first wall module body.

[0050] The side panels are inclined towards the side of the bridge deck 34 that is fixed to the back plate 2, forming a side folding angle of 90° to 180°, preferably an included angle of 120° to 155°, and more preferably an included angle of 155°. This side folding angle is designed to meet the observation needs of internal components and the diagnostic system during installation, improving installation accuracy and ease of use. The width of the side panels at both ends is greater than the width of the middle section, forming a hollowed-out structure, which not only reduces the overall weight but also facilitates observation of internal components and the diagnostic system during installation.

[0051] Multiple square holes 35 are also provided on the bridge deck 34, each square hole 35 being located in the center of the bridge deck 34. The square holes 35 can be of different sizes, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the square hole 35 can be enlarged as much as possible while meeting the structural strength requirements. This can improve the efficiency of heat transfer from the back plate 2 to the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 4 through thermal radiation, and at the same time reduce the overall weight. Preferably, the area of ​​the square hole 35 is greater than 60% and less than 95% of the total area of ​​the transition support 3.

[0052] The graphite tiles 1 located at both ends of the graphite layer form angles with their adjacent counterparts, with the angle being less than 180°. The back plate 2 has an overall shape consistent with the graphite layer. The polar extension of the back plate 2 can be bent according to specific design requirements, causing both ends of the back plate 2 to tilt inwards to form an angle identical to the angle of the graphite layer. The upward bend of the back plate 2 can be directly divided into two or more pieces. The bridge surface 34 of the transition support 3 should maintain the same angle as the back plate 2 in the circumferential direction and be on the same plane in the polar direction, ensuring that the structure of the transition support 3 and the back plate 2 is compatible so that the back plate 2 and the bridge surface 34 of the transition support 3 fit together. Thus, the transition support 3 forms an "overpass" structure. This structure can significantly save usable "under-bridge" space between the already narrow first wall and the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 4, providing more space for the layout, installation, diagnosis, and maintenance of other components 5 within the vacuum chamber, such as electromagnetic measuring coils, glow discharge electrodes, and engineering measurements.

[0053] The first wall structure also includes an adjusting pad 43, which is located between the support leg 31 and the flange 41 of the vacuum chamber 4. The adjusting pad 43 can be flexibly selected in terms of its profile and thickness according to the actual installation of other internal components, and the installation accuracy of the transition support 3 is ensured by adjusting the size and thickness of the adjusting pad 43. The adjusting pad 43 can be made of insulating material or oxygen-free copper material according to diagnostic, measurement and other requirements.

[0054] In addition, there is a reinforcing rib 33 between the bridge deck 34 and the support leg 31, the thickness of which is the same as the thickness of the bridge deck 34. The reinforcing rib 33 can be added or removed according to the strength requirements of the transition support 3.

[0055] The installation sequence of the first wall structure in this embodiment of the invention is as follows:

[0056] The first step is to weld the welding stud 42 to the edge of the flange 41 or the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 4, and to install the transition support 33 on the welding stud 42.

[0057] The second step is to assemble the main body of the first wall module;

[0058] The third step is to install the main body of the first wall module onto the transition support 33.

[0059] The order of steps one and two can be interchanged.

[0060] During the operation of the tokamak device, the first wall graphite of this embodiment of the invention will be continuously subjected to high heat load in the core. The graphite will transfer heat to the graphite foil 6 and the back plate 2, and then the back plate 2 will transfer the heat to the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 4 through the adjusting pad 43 or directly through thermal radiation. The heat will then be carried away by the coolant in the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 4, thus achieving the purpose of heat dissipation of the first wall. At the same time, the first wall will restrict the further outward expansion of the plasma and protect the other internal components of the vacuum chamber 4 below the graphite layer and the vacuum chamber 4 itself.

[0061] The first wall in this embodiment of the invention can cool 0.35 MW / m² within the material's tolerable operating temperature range. 2 The above heat flow.

[0062] In this invention, "polar direction" refers to the length direction of the total module, and "circumferential direction" refers to the width direction of the total module.

[0063] The first wall structure provided in this embodiment of the invention does not limit the shape of its components and overall structure. The shape of the "overpass" and the size and outline of the graphite tile 1 can be flexibly designed according to the spatial environment and diagnostic needs of its application location in the vacuum chamber 4.

[0064] This invention employs a fully screw-connected method, dividing the installation of the first wall into three independent stages. This allows the main body of the first wall module to be installed and disassembled outside the vacuum chamber 4, with all components fixed from the front. Graphite foil 6 is used to improve the contact between graphite and the backplate 2, enhancing passive heat transfer and giving the first wall good heat dissipation capacity. The structure is simple, easy to install, and easy to maintain.

[0065] By utilizing the "overpass" design, a significant amount of usable "under-bridge" space is saved between the already narrow first wall and the inner wall of vacuum chamber 4. This provides more space for the layout, installation, diagnosis, and maintenance of other components inside vacuum chamber 4, such as electromagnetic measurement coils, glow discharge electrodes, and engineering measurements.

[0066] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A first wall structure for a tokamak vacuum chamber, characterized in that, The first wall structure is used for the weak field side window area, including the main body of the first wall module and the transition support (3). The first wall module body includes a detachable graphite layer, a graphite foil (6), and a back plate (2) fixed together, wherein the graphite foil (6) is fixed between the graphite layer and the back plate (2); The back plate (2) is fixedly connected to the transition support (3), and the internal components (5) inside the vacuum chamber (4) are installed in the space between the transition support (3) and the inner wall of the vacuum chamber (4); The transition support (3) includes a bridge deck (34), a support leg (31), and a side plate. Each side plate has a support leg (31) at both ends. The two side plates are located on both sides of the bridge deck (34). The circumferential width of the bridge deck (34) is less than the circumferential width of the back plate (2) and greater than half of the circumferential width of the back plate (2). The side plate is inclined at an angle of 120° to 155° toward the side of the bridge deck (34) and the back plate (2) that is fixed thereto, and the transition support is an overall overpass structure; The transition support (3) is adapted to the structure of the back plate (2) so that the back plate (2) fits against the bridge surface (34) of the transition support (3); The width of the side plate at both ends is greater than that of the middle part. An adjusting pad (43) is provided between the support leg (31) and the vacuum chamber flange (41). The adjusting pad (43) is made of insulating material or oxygen-free copper material. When installing the first wall structure, multiple studs (42) are welded on the flange (41) of the vacuum chamber (4), and the transition support (3) is installed on the welded studs (42).

2. The first wall structure for a tokamak vacuum chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The graphite layer is formed by arranging multiple graphite tiles (1), each graphite tile (1) having a through circumferential through hole (12) and a screw through hole (11) perpendicular to the surface of the graphite tile (1). The graphite layer, graphite foil (6), and back plate (2) are connected together by a pressure bar connection assembly; The pressure rod connection assembly includes a pressure rod (14), a pressure rod screw (15), and a pressure rod threaded hole (17). The pressure rod threaded hole (17) is opened on the pressure rod (14). The pressure rod (14) can be inserted into the circumferential through hole (12) to connect at least two graphite tiles (1) arranged in parallel. The pressure rod screw (15) passes through the back plate (2), graphite foil (6), screw through hole (11) in sequence and connects to the pressure rod threaded hole (17).

3. The first wall structure for a tokamak vacuum chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The graphite layer has a fixing screw through hole (13) on the graphite tile (1) at both ends, and a fixing hole (36) is provided on the transition support (3). The fixing screw passes through the fixing screw through hole (13), the back plate (2) and the fixing hole (36) in sequence.

4. The first wall structure for a tokamak vacuum chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing hole (36) is provided on the bridge deck (34), and the support leg (31) is provided with mounting hole (32) for fixed connection with the flange (41) of the vacuum chamber (4).

5. The first wall structure for a tokamak vacuum chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bridge deck (34) is provided with a plurality of square holes (35), the total area of ​​which is greater than 60% of the total area of ​​the transition support (3) and less than 95% of the total area of ​​the transition support (3).

6. A first wall structure for a tokamak vacuum chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that... The graphite tiles (1) located at both ends of the graphite layer have an angle of less than 180° with the corresponding adjacent graphite tiles (1) to form a folded angle, and the two ends of the back plate (2) are bent inward to form an angle with the same angle as the folded angle.

7. A first wall structure for a tokamak vacuum chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The installation method of the first wall structure further includes: Assemble the main body of the first wall module; The main body of the first wall module is installed on the transition support (3).

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