Mineral nutrient hydroponic medium and its preparation and application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mineral-based nutrient hydroponic medium, which is obtained by acidifying and roasting the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of bentonite, 3-4 parts of attapulgite, and 2-3 parts of diatomite. The present invention also discloses its preparation and application. The mineral-based nutrient hydroponic medium of the present invention utilizes the characteristics of non-metallic mineral functional materials such as bentonite, attapulgite, and diatomite to activate the nutrient elements therein, enabling plants to absorb them. In this way, it combines the functions of ceramsite and takes into account the nutrient components required by plants, integrating the two into one, providing a simple and reliable maintenance method for flower lovers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a mineral nutrient hydroponic medium and its preparation and application. Background Art

[0002] As a new soilless cultivation method for plants, hydroponics is deeply loved by flower growers because it can replace soil, is clean and pollution-free, and allows the growth of plant roots to be observed. Currently, most hydroponic media on the market are mainly made of ceramsite. Using ceramsite as a hydroponic medium can fix the plant roots, facilitate root respiration, increase root air permeability, and ceramsite has water retention properties, which can reduce the frequency of water changes and better care for and maintain flowers. Although ceramsite has many advantages, since ceramsite itself has no nutrients, it cannot provide effective nutrients during the growth of plants, and a certain amount of nutrient solution needs to be added as a nutrient source for plants. Often, due to forgetting to add or not understanding the dosage of the addition, many flowers die due to lack of nutrients. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a mineral nutrient hydroponic medium that can meet the nutritional requirements of hydroponic plants.

[0004] The mineral nutrient hydroponic medium of the present invention utilizes the characteristics of non-metallic mineral functional materials such as bentonite, attapulgite, and diatomite to activate the nutrient elements therein so that plants can absorb them. In this way, it not only combines the functions of ceramsite but also takes into account the nutrient components required by plants, integrating the two into one, and providing a simple and reliable maintenance method for flower lovers.

[0005] As an aspect of the present invention, it relates to a mineral nutrient hydroponic medium, which is obtained by acidifying and roasting the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of bentonite, 3 - 4 parts of attapulgite, and 2 - 3 parts of diatomite.

[0006] In a specific embodiment, the mineral nutrient hydroponic medium is obtained by acidifying and roasting the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of bentonite, 4 parts of attapulgite, and 2 parts of diatomite.

[0007] In a specific embodiment, the pH value of the mineral nutrient hydroponic medium is 6.5 - 7.5.

[0008] In a specific embodiment, the particle size of the mineral nutrient hydroponic medium is 2 mm - 20 mm.

[0009] As another aspect of the present invention, it relates to a method for preparing the above-mentioned mineral nutrient hydroponic medium, including:

[0010] Taking bentonite, attapulgite, and diatomite, mixing them, and then mixing and stirring with an acid solution;

[0011] Roasting at 350 - 450 °C and granulating.

[0012] In the specific implementation manner, the acid is industrial sulfuric acid and / or industrial hydrochloric acid, preferably sulfuric acid.

[0013] In the specific implementation manner, the roasting temperature is 450 °C.

[0014] In the specific implementation manner, before the bentonite, attapulgite, and diatomite are mixed with the acid, they are first ground into powders with a particle size of less than 0.075 mm, and after being fully mixed with air to form a fluidized state, dry purification is carried out under the action of the centrifugal force of the classification wheel and the suction force of the fan.

[0015] As another aspect of the present invention, it relates to the application of the above-mentioned mineral nutrient hydroponic medium in hydroponic plants.

[0016] As another aspect of the present invention, it relates to a hydroponic plant using the above-mentioned mineral nutrient hydroponic medium.

[0017] In the embodiment of the present invention, first, natural non-metallic minerals such as bentonite, attapulgite, and diatomite are crushed and ground to 0.075 mm and then fully mixed with air to form a fluidized state, and dry purification is carried out under the action of the centrifugal force of the classification wheel and the suction force of the fan. Then, the purified non-metallic minerals such as bentonite, attapulgite, and diatomite are fully mixed in a certain proportion to make them uniformly compounded. Then, the non-metallic minerals and (industrial sulfuric acid, industrial hydrochloric acid or industrial sulfuric acid + industrial hydrochloric acid) are stirred and acidified in a certain proportion (in this article, the proportion refers to the mass ratio unless otherwise stated), so that potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium and other ions in the non-metallic minerals such as bentonite, attapulgite, and diatomite form soluble substances such as potassium sulfate (potassium chloride), sodium sulfate (sodium chloride), calcium sulfate (calcium chloride), magnesium sulfate (magnesium chloride), etc. through acidification; then, it is granulated into various specifications of granules with a size of 2 mm - 20 mm by a granulator; then, it is subjected to low-temperature roasting at 300 - 450 °C to further activate the effective elements in the non-metallic minerals such as bentonite, attapulgite, and diatomite, so that they can be absorbed by plants; finally, the particles of different particle sizes are packaged through screening to form mineral nutrient hydroponic media of different specifications.

[0018] Through the relevant determination methods of potassium, silicon, calcium, and magnesium in the industry standards NY / T 2272-2012 "Determination Method for Calcium, Magnesium, and Silicon Contents in Soil Conditioners" and NY / T 2273-2012 "Determination of Phosphorus and Potassium Contents in Soil Conditioners", the contents of available potassium, available silicon, available calcium, available magnesium, etc. that plants can absorb in the prepared mineral nutrient hydroponic medium meet the requirements of Type I in GB / T 36207 "Silicate Calcium Potassium Magnesium Fertilizer".

[0019] A comparative experiment on growing Epipremnum aureum was conducted using the mineral-based nutrient hydroponic medium of this invention and ordinary ceramsite. The growth of Epipremnum aureum using the mineral-based nutrient hydroponic medium was significantly better than that using ordinary ceramsite and the blank control, and the leaf color was also significantly greener. Detailed implementation mode

[0020] In the embodiment of the present invention, bentonite, attapulgite, and diatomite are mixed. First, natural non-metallic minerals such as bentonite, attapulgite, and diatomite are crushed and ground to 0.075 mm and then fully mixed with air to form a fluidized state, and dry purification is carried out under the action of the centrifugal force of the classification wheel and the suction force of the fan. During use, the purified non-metallic minerals such as bentonite, attapulgite, and diatomite are fully mixed in a certain proportion to make them uniformly compounded.

[0021] The acids used in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional 98% industrial sulfuric acid and 30% industrial hydrochloric acid.

[0022] Example 1:

[0023] 5 parts of bentonite and 5 parts of attapulgite are mineral-compounded, and then the compounded mineral material is stirred and acidified with industrial sulfuric acid in a ratio of 9.5:0.5. After granulation and forming, it is calcined at a low temperature of 450 °C to prepare a mineral-based nutrient hydroponic medium. After testing, the content of available potassium that plants can absorb in the prepared mineral-based nutrient hydroponic medium reaches 3.6%, the available silicon reaches 10.6%, the available calcium reaches 21.2%, and the available magnesium reaches 3.2%. The inventor found during the experiment that if the temperature of the clay mineral is too high, it will cause structural damage, and then the product is likely to break into powder during use. Therefore, the inventor set the calcination temperature at 450 °C in this embodiment.

[0024] Example 2:

[0025] 7 parts of bentonite and 3 parts of attapulgite are mineral-compounded, and then the compounded mineral material is stirred and acidified with industrial sulfuric acid in a ratio of 9.5:0.5. After granulation and forming, it is calcined at a low temperature of 450 °C to prepare a mineral-based nutrient hydroponic medium. After testing, the content of available potassium that plants can absorb in the prepared mineral-based nutrient hydroponic medium reaches 4.2%, the available silicon reaches 9.8%, the available calcium reaches 20.4%, and the available magnesium reaches 3.8%.

[0026] Example 3:

[0027] 3 parts of bentonite and 7 parts of attapulgite are mineral - compounded, and then the compounded mineral material is stirred and acidified with industrial sulfuric acid in a ratio of 9.5:0.5. After granulation and molding, it is calcined at a low temperature of 450 °C to prepare a mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium. After testing, the content of available potassium that plants can absorb in the prepared mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium reaches 3.1%, the available silicon reaches 12.2%, the available calcium reaches 22.3%, and the available magnesium reaches 2.4%.

[0028] Example 4:

[0029] 5 parts of bentonite and 5 parts of attapulgite are mineral - compounded, and after granulation and molding, they are calcined at a low temperature of 450 °C to prepare a mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium. After testing, the content of available potassium that plants can absorb in the prepared mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium reaches 2.6%, the available silicon reaches 8.9%, the available calcium reaches 14.9%, and the available magnesium reaches 2.1%.

[0030] Example 5:

[0031] 5 parts of bentonite and 5 parts of attapulgite are mineral - compounded, and then the compounded mineral material is stirred and acidified with industrial sulfuric acid in a ratio of 9:1. After granulation and molding, it is calcined at a low temperature of 450 °C to prepare a mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium. After testing, the content of available potassium that plants can absorb in the prepared mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium reaches 3.5%, the available silicon reaches 12.5%, the available calcium reaches 21.8%, and the available magnesium reaches 3.1%.

[0032] Example 6:

[0033] 5 parts of bentonite and 5 parts of attapulgite are mineral - compounded, and then the compounded mineral material is stirred and acidified with industrial sulfuric acid in a ratio of 9.5:0.5, and then granulation and molding are carried out to prepare a mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium. After testing, the content of available potassium that plants can absorb in the prepared mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium reaches 1.8%, the available silicon reaches 8.2%, the available calcium reaches 17.5%, and the available magnesium reaches 1.6%.

[0034] Example 7:

[0035] 5 parts of bentonite and 5 parts of attapulgite are mineral - compounded, and then the compounded mineral material is stirred and acidified with industrial sulfuric acid in a ratio of 9.5:0.5. After granulation and molding, it is calcined at a low temperature of 350 °C to prepare a mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium. After testing, the content of available potassium that plants can absorb in the prepared mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium reaches 3.1%, the available silicon reaches 9.8%, the available calcium reaches 20.8%, and the available magnesium reaches 2.8%.

[0036] Example 8:

[0037] 4 parts of bentonite, 4 parts of attapulgite, and 2 parts of diatomite are mineral - compounded. Then, the compounded mineral material and industrial sulfuric acid are stirred and acidified in a ratio of 9.5:0.5, granulated and formed, and then low - temperature calcined at 450 °C to prepare a mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium. After testing, the content of available potassium that plants can absorb in the prepared mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium reaches 4.2%, available silicon reaches 18.8%, available calcium reaches 25.3%, and available magnesium reaches 4.6%.

[0038] Example 9:

[0039] 4 parts of bentonite, 3 parts of attapulgite, and 3 parts of diatomite are mineral - compounded. Then, the compounded mineral material and industrial sulfuric acid are stirred and acidified in a ratio of 9.5:0.5, granulated and formed, and then low - temperature calcined at 450 °C to prepare a mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium. After testing, the content of available potassium that plants can absorb in the prepared mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium reaches 4.3%, available silicon reaches 20.1%, available calcium reaches 24.4%, and available magnesium reaches 4.4%.

[0040] Example 10:

[0041] 4 parts of bentonite, 4 parts of attapulgite, and 2 parts of diatomite are mineral - compounded. Then, the compounded mineral material and industrial sulfuric acid are stirred and acidified in a ratio of 9:1, granulated and formed, and then low - temperature calcined at 450 °C to prepare a mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium. After testing, the content of available potassium that plants can absorb in the prepared mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium reaches 4.3%, available silicon reaches 19.2%, available calcium reaches 25.6%, and available magnesium reaches 4.5%.

[0042] Example 11:

[0043] 4 parts of bentonite, 4 parts of attapulgite, and 2 parts of diatomite are mineral - compounded. Then, the compounded mineral material and industrial sulfuric acid are stirred and acidified in a ratio of 9.5:0.5, granulated and formed, and then low - temperature calcined at 450 °C to prepare a mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium. After testing, the content of available potassium that plants can absorb in the prepared mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium reaches 3.8%, available silicon reaches 18.9%, available calcium reaches 22.8%, and available magnesium reaches 3.6%.

[0044] Example 12:

[0045] 4 parts of bentonite, 4 parts of attapulgite, and 2 parts of diatomite are mineral-combined. Then, the combined mineral material is stirred and acidified with industrial hydrochloric acid in a ratio of 9.5:0.5. After granulation and molding, it is calcined at a low temperature of 450°C to prepare a mineral-based nutrient hydroponic medium. After testing, the content of available potassium that plants can absorb in the prepared mineral-based nutrient hydroponic medium reaches 3.7%, the available silicon reaches 18.6%, the available calcium reaches 24.8%, and the available magnesium reaches 4.2%.

[0046] Example 13:

[0047] 4 parts of bentonite, 4 parts of attapulgite, and 2 parts of diatomite are mineral-combined. Then, the combined mineral material is stirred and acidified with industrial sulfuric acid + industrial hydrochloric acid in a ratio of 9.5:0.5. After granulation and molding, it is calcined at a low temperature of 450°C to prepare a mineral-based nutrient hydroponic medium. After testing, the content of available potassium that plants can absorb in the prepared mineral-based nutrient hydroponic medium reaches 4.5%, the available silicon reaches 19.6%, the available calcium reaches 26.2%, and the available magnesium reaches 4.6%.

[0048] Through the comparison of the effects of different raw materials, different acidification conditions, and different calcination conditions, it can be seen that the best technology is to stir and acidify the mineral material with industrial sulfuric acid, industrial hydrochloric acid, or industrial sulfuric acid + industrial hydrochloric acid in a ratio of 9.5:0.5 (mass ratio), and then calcine it at a low temperature of 450°C. The pH value of the prepared mineral-based nutrient hydroponic medium is between 6.5 and 7.5, which is neutral and conforms to the plant growth environment.

Claims

1. A mineral-based nutrient hydroponic medium, characterized in that, 4 parts of bentonite, 4 parts of attapulgite, and 2 parts of diatomite are mineral - compounded, and then the compounded mineral material is stirred and acidified with industrial sulfuric acid + industrial hydrochloric acid in a ratio of 9.5:0.

5. After granulation and forming, it is calcined at a low temperature of 450 °C. Before the bentonite, attapulgite, and diatomite are stirred and acidified with acid, they are first ground into powders with a particle size of less than 0.075 mm, and after being fully mixed with air to form a fluidized state, dry purification is carried out under the action of the centrifugal force of the classification wheel and the suction force of the fan.

2. The mineral-based nutrient hydroponic medium according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pH value of the mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium is 6.5 - 7.

5.

3. The mineral nutrient hydroponic medium according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium is 2 mm - 20 mm.

4. Application of the mineral - type nutrient hydroponic medium according to any one of claims 1 - 3 in hydroponic plants.