A special-shaped crankshaft processing tooling

Abstract

The present invention discloses a special-shaped crankshaft processing tooling, which relates to the technical field of crankshaft processing, and includes a U-shaped seat, a motor, an arc-shaped top plate, a support assembly, an adjustment assembly, and a clamping assembly. In the present invention, the automatic clamping and automatic release of the clamping of the crankshaft can be realized by setting the arc-shaped top plate and the clamping assembly. Through the setting of the support assembly, the crankshaft does not need to be supported after being placed, which is different from the traditional manual clamping operation, can effectively reduce the working intensity of the staff, and can further improve the drilling processing efficiency of the crankshaft. Through the setting of the adjustment assembly, the clamping assembly and the limit unit can be adjusted, so as to be able to adapt to crankshafts of different diameters, and at the same time, the height of the annular transmission box can be adjusted, so as to be able to adapt to the limit of journal shafts of different heights, thereby effectively improving the applicable range of the tooling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crankshaft processing, and specifically, it is a special-shaped crankshaft processing tooling. Background Technique

[0002] A crankshaft is a heavy-duty part with two or more sections of outer circles on the same shaft, where the center lines of the outer circles are parallel but not coincident. The unique structural features of the crankshaft can achieve different mechanical actions. Its material is made of carbon structural steel or ductile iron, and it mainly consists of journal, connecting rod journal, and balance weight. The main journal is installed on the cylinder block, the connecting rod journal is connected to the big end hole of the connecting rod, and the small end hole of the connecting rod is connected to the cylinder piston, which is a typical crank-slider mechanism.

[0003] The processing technological process of the crankshaft is as follows: milling the end face and drilling the center hole (processed by the blank factory) - blank on the line, inspection - turning the outer circle of the thrust shaft - rough grinding the outer circle of the thrust shaft journal - rough machining of the main journal - rough machining of the two end journals - rough machining of the connecting rod journal - oil hole machining - intermediate cleaning - heat treatment - straightening - grinding of the thrust surface - grinding of the journal - machining of the two end threaded holes and positioning pin holes - milling the keyway - dynamic balancing - flaw detection - polishing - cleaning - off-line inspection. When machining the two end threaded holes and positioning pin holes of the crankshaft, generally, a rotary fixture is used to clamp the crankshaft, that is, a plurality of annularly distributed triangular claw plates are arranged on the upper end of a turntable. By driving the turntable to rotate through a motor, the circumferential movement of a plurality of triangular claw plates can be realized. Multiple crankshafts can be processed simultaneously through a plurality of triangular claw plates. At the same time, through the intermittent operation of a plurality of triangular claw plates, multiple workstations can be processed simultaneously, so that operations such as drilling, counterboring, chamfering, and tapping can be carried out in sequence. The last blank workstation is used for material taking and loading operations. Its working efficiency is high, but there are still the following problems with this clamping method:

[0004] The clamping and unclamping of the crankshaft by the triangular claw plate are mostly manually operated by workers. Each time during the operation, in order to ensure the firmness of the fixation of the triangular claw plate, the workers need to spend a lot of effort to tighten the operation, which also leads to the need to spend a lot of effort to complete the unclamping. This not only results in a large workload for the workers and is prone to fatigue. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a special-shaped crankshaft processing tooling to solve the problem that the traditional manual clamping and unclamping of the triangular claw plate during the machining of the two end holes of the crankshaft result in a large workload for the workers and are prone to fatigue.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A special-shaped crankshaft processing tooling, including a U-shaped seat and a motor installed inside the U-shaped seat. An arc-shaped top plate is fixed to the top of the U-shaped seat. A support assembly is arranged inside the arc-shaped top plate at the top of the U-shaped seat. The support assembly includes a rotating seat arranged on the top of the U-shaped seat and inside the arc-shaped top plate. The output end of the motor penetrates to the top of the U-shaped seat and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating seat. A first lifting seat is sleeved inside the rotating seat. The top end of the first lifting seat is fixedly connected to a fixed rod. The top end of the fixed rod extends above the rotating seat and is sleeved with a third lifting seat. The outer wall of the fixed rod is fixedly connected to a second lifting seat. The second lifting seat is located between the third lifting seat and the rotating seat. An annular transmission box is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third lifting seat;

[0007] Adjusting components for adjusting the heights of the second lifting seat and the third lifting seat are distributed inside the rotating seat, the third lifting seat, and the annular transmission box. A clamping assembly for automatically clamping and automatically releasing the clamping of the crankshaft is arranged on the top of the rotating seat. The adjusting components include a worm unit, a lifting unit, a limiting unit, and a driving assembly;

[0008] Among them, the worm unit includes a first worm, a second worm, a third worm, and a fixed shaft that are sequentially horizontally distributed. The first worm extends through to the outer end of the rotating seat. The first worm, the second worm, and the third worm are installed on the top end of the first lifting seat through a base. A plug hole, a first polygonal groove, and a first circular groove are sequentially opened inside the first worm. A second circular groove and a second polygonal groove are sequentially opened inside the second worm. A third circular groove and a third polygonal groove are sequentially opened inside the third worm;

[0009] Among them, the lifting unit includes a first worm gear meshing above the first worm. Both sides of the first worm gear are connected with linkage gears through connecting shafts. One end of the linkage gear meshes with a linkage rack. The bottom end of the linkage rack penetrates below the first lifting seat and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the inner wall of the rotating seat;

[0010] Among them, the limiting unit includes a second worm gear meshing on one side of the second worm and a third worm gear meshing on one side of the third worm. A transmission lead screw fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second worm gear penetrates through the second lifting seat and extends above the third lifting seat. A rotating column fixedly connected to the inner wall of the third worm gear penetrates above the second lifting seat. A connecting column is fixedly connected to the top end of the rotating column. A lifting shaft is sleeved on the top end of the connecting column. The top end of the lifting shaft penetrates into the third lifting seat and is connected with a transmission gear. A driven gear ring meshes with the outside of the transmission gear. The driven gear ring is located inside the annular transmission box, and a limiting clamp block extending below the annular transmission box is sleeved inside the driven gear ring;

[0011] Among them, the driving component includes a T-shaped handle and a driving shaft. The driving shaft sequentially penetrates through a first worm, a second worm, and a third worm from inside the insertion hole and extends into the fixed shaft. And on the outer wall of the driving shaft, a first polygonal block, a second polygonal block, and a third polygonal block are sequentially and fixedly connected inside the first worm, the second worm, and the third worm. The driving shaft is rotatably connected with a rotating block inside the fixed shaft, and a return spring is arranged at one end of the rotating block inside the fixed shaft;

[0012] Among them, the clamping component includes a fixed ring seat fixed on the top of the second lifting seat. A fixed clamping block is arranged at the top end of the fixed ring seat. The bottom end of the fixed clamping block is fixedly connected with an extrusion block penetrating into the fixed ring seat. A compression spring is arranged on one side of the extrusion block. An extrusion ring is arranged at the bottom end of the other side of the extrusion block. The bottom end of the extrusion ring is fixedly connected with an extrusion column penetrating below the fixed ring seat. The extrusion column is located outside the second lifting seat and directly above the arc-shaped top plate.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the connecting shaft connected to the first worm gear is installed at the top end of the first lifting seat through a base. A limiting square column is also fixedly connected to the bottom end of the inner wall of the rotating seat. There are two linkage racks and two limiting square columns, and they are arranged parallel and symmetrically to each other. A lifting groove for the linkage rack and the limiting square column to slide up and down is opened inside the first lifting seat.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the transmission lead screw is rotatably connected to the rotating seat and the second lifting seat through bearings, and an external thread is formed on the outer wall of the transmission lead screw above the second lifting seat. An internal thread groove matching the external thread of the transmission lead screw is formed on the inner wall of the third lifting seat. A limiting sliding groove matching the outer wall of the fixed rod is opened inside the third lifting seat. There are multiple fixed rods, and the multiple fixed rods and the transmission lead screw are distributed in a ring centered on the center point of the rotating seat.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: a polygonal socket is opened at one end of the driving shaft inside the first worm. The insertion hole is composed of three circular holes with gradually decreasing diameters. Three ends of the T-shaped handle are respectively fixed with sleeves matching the three circular holes, and a polygonal wrench matching the polygonal socket is fixedly connected inside the sleeve.

[0016] As a further aspect of the present invention: The rotating column is rotatably connected to the rotating seat and the second lifting seat through bearings respectively. The top view cross-section of the connecting column is in a "cross" shape structure. A contraction groove for the sliding of the connecting column is formed inside the lifting shaft. The number of the limiting clamping blocks is multiple, and the multiple limiting clamping blocks are annularly distributed with the center of the driven gear ring as the center. An arc-shaped groove is formed at the position where the driven gear ring contacts the limiting clamping block. A square block is fixed at the position where the outer wall of the limiting clamping block contacts the bottom end of the inner wall of the annular transmission box. A moving groove for the horizontal movement of the limiting clamping block and the square block is formed at the position where the annular transmission box contacts the limiting clamping block.

[0017] As a further aspect of the present invention: The first polygon block matches the first polygon groove, the second polygon block matches, and the third polygon block matches the third polygon groove. The inner wall sizes of the first circular groove, the second circular groove, and the third circular groove are respectively larger than the inner wall sizes of the first polygon groove, the second polygon groove, and the third polygon groove. The first circular groove is located at one end of the first polygon groove close to the second worm. The number of the second circular grooves is two, and the two second circular grooves are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the second polygon groove. The third circular groove is located at one end of the third polygon groove close to the second worm.

[0018] As a further aspect of the present invention: Horn-shaped contraction grooves are provided between the first polygon groove and the first circular groove, the second polygon groove and the second circular groove, and the third polygon groove and the third circular groove. The overall length of the first polygon groove and the horn-shaped contraction groove matches the length of one second circular groove. The overall length of one second circular groove, two horn-shaped contraction grooves, and the second polygon groove matches the length of the third circular groove.

[0019] As a further aspect of the present invention: An activity groove for the telescopic movement of the rotating block and the return spring is provided inside the fixed shaft. The fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the top end of the first lifting seat through a fixed seat.

[0020] As a further aspect of the present invention: The mutually contacting surfaces of the extrusion block and the extrusion ring are both inclined structures. The bottom end of the extrusion column is in a spherical structure. The number of the fixed clamping blocks, the extrusion blocks, and the compression springs is multiple and they are annularly distributed with the center of the fixed ring seat as the center. A horizontal movement groove for the horizontal movement of the extrusion block is formed at the position where the fixed ring seat contacts the extrusion block. The top end of the notch of the arc-shaped top plate is in an arc-shaped surface.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] By setting the arc-shaped top plate and the clamping assembly, the automatic clamping and unclamping operations of the crankshaft can be realized. Through the setting of the support assembly, the crankshaft can be placed without being supported after being placed. Different from the traditional manual clamping operation, it can effectively reduce the working intensity of the staff. At the same time, it can further improve the drilling processing efficiency of the crankshaft. Through the setting of the adjustment assembly, the clamping assembly and the limiting unit can be adjusted, so as to adapt to crankshafts of different diameters. At the same time, the height of the annular transmission box can be adjusted, so as to adapt to the limitation of journal shafts of different heights, and then effectively improve the applicable range of the tooling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the rotating seat of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is a connection schematic diagram of the first lifting seat, the second lifting seat and the third lifting seat of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the second lifting seat and the annular transmission box of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 is an exploded view of the structure of the limiting unit of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 is an exploded top view of the limiting unit of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 is a partial part schematic diagram of the worm unit, the lifting unit and the limiting unit of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the worm unit of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the worm unit and the driving unit of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the clamping assembly of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1, U-shaped seat; 2, motor; 3, arc-shaped top plate; 4, support assembly; 5, adjustment assembly; 6, clamping assembly;

[0035] 401, rotating seat; 402, first lifting seat; 403, fixed rod; 404, second lifting seat; 405, third lifting seat; 406, annular transmission box;

[0036] 501, worm unit; 502, lifting unit; 503, limiting unit; 504, driving assembly;

[0037] 5011, first worm; 5012, second worm; 5013, third worm; 5014, fixed shaft; 5015, first polygonal groove; 5016, first circular groove; 5017, second circular groove; 5018, second polygonal groove; 5019, third circular groove; 50110, third polygonal groove; 50111, insertion hole;

[0038] 5021, first worm gear; 5022, linkage gear; 5023, linkage rack; 5024, limiting square column;

[0039] 5031, second worm gear; 5032, third worm gear; 5033, transmission lead screw; 5034, rotating column; 5035, connecting column; 5036, lifting shaft; 5037, transmission gear; 5038, driven tooth ring; 5039, limiting clamp block;

[0040] 5041, drive shaft; 5042, first polygonal block; 5043, second polygonal block; 5044, third polygonal block; 5045, rotating block; 5046, return spring; 5047, T-shaped handle; 5048, polygonal wrench; 5049, polygonal socket;

[0041] 601, fixed ring seat; 602, fixed clamp block; 603, extrusion block; 604, extrusion ring; 605, extrusion column; 606, compression spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0042] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "set" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. The following describes the embodiments according to the overall structure of the present invention.

[0044] Please refer to Figures 1 to 11 , in an embodiment of the present invention, a special-shaped crankshaft processing tooling includes a U-shaped seat 1 and a motor 2 installed inside the U-shaped seat 1. An arc-shaped top plate 3 is fixed to the top of the U-shaped seat 1. A support assembly 4 is arranged inside the arc-shaped top plate 3 at the top of the U-shaped seat 1. The support assembly 4 includes a rotating seat 401 arranged on the top of the U-shaped seat 1 and inside the arc-shaped top plate 3. The output end of the motor 2 penetrates to the top of the U-shaped seat 1 and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating seat 401. A first lifting seat 402 is sleeved inside the rotating seat 401. The top end of the first lifting seat 402 is fixedly connected to a fixed rod 403. The top end of the fixed rod 403 extends above the rotating seat 401 and is sleeved with a third lifting seat 405. The outer wall of the fixed rod 403 is fixedly connected to a second lifting seat 404. The second lifting seat 404 is located between the third lifting seat 405 and the rotating seat 401. An annular transmission box 406 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third lifting seat 405;

[0045] Adjusting components 5 for adjusting the heights of the second lifting seat 404 and the third lifting seat 405 are distributed inside the rotating seat 401, the third lifting seat 405, and the annular transmission box 406. A clamping assembly 6 for automatically clamping and automatically releasing the clamping of the crankshaft is arranged on the top of the rotating seat 401. The adjusting components 5 include a worm unit 501, a lifting unit 502, a limiting unit 503, and a driving assembly 504;

[0046] Among them, the worm unit 501 includes a first worm 5011, a second worm 5012, a third worm 5013, and a fixed shaft 5014 that are horizontally distributed transversely in sequence. The first worm 5011 extends through to the outer end of the rotating seat 401, and the first worm 5011, the second worm 5012, and the third worm 5013 are installed on the top of the first lifting seat 402 through a base. Inside the first worm 5011, there are sequentially provided a plug hole 50111, a first polygonal groove 5015, and a first circular groove 5016. Inside the second worm 5012, there are sequentially provided a second circular groove 5017 and a second polygonal groove 5018. Inside the third worm 5013, there are sequentially provided a third circular groove 5019 and a third polygonal groove 50110;

[0047] Among them, the lifting unit 502 includes a first worm gear 5021 meshing above the first worm 5011. On both sides of the first worm gear 5021, there are linkage gears 5022 connected through connecting shafts. One end of the linkage gear 5022 meshes with a linkage rack 5023. The bottom end of the linkage rack 5023 penetrates below the first lifting seat 402 and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the inner wall of the rotating seat 401;

[0048] Among them, the limiting unit 503 includes a second worm gear 5031 meshing on one side of the second worm 5012 and a third worm gear 5032 meshing on one side of the third worm 5013. Inside the inner wall of the second worm gear 5031, there is a transmission lead screw 5033 fixedly connected and extending through the second lifting seat 404 and above the third lifting seat 405. Inside the inner wall of the third worm gear 5032, there is a rotating column 5034 extending through above the second lifting seat 404. At the top of the rotating column 5034, there is a connecting column 5035 fixedly connected. At the top of the connecting column 5035, there is a lifting shaft 5036 sleeved. The top end of the lifting shaft 5036 penetrates into the third lifting seat 405 and is connected with a transmission gear 5037. On the outside of the transmission gear 5037, there is a driven gear ring 5038 meshing. The driven gear ring 5038 is located inside the annular transmission box 406 and inside the driven gear ring 5038, there is a limiting clamp block 5039 sleeved and extending below the annular transmission box 406;

[0049] Among them, the driving component 504 includes a T-shaped handle 5047 and a driving shaft 5041. The driving shaft 5041 sequentially penetrates through the first worm 5011, the second worm 5012, and the third worm 5013 from inside the plug hole 50111 and extends into the fixed shaft 5014. And on the outer wall of the driving shaft 5041, there are sequentially fixedly connected a first polygonal block 5042, a second polygonal block 5043, and a third polygonal block 5044 inside the first worm 5011, the second worm 5012, and the third worm 5013. The driving shaft 5041 is rotatably connected with a rotating block 5045 inside the fixed shaft 5014. Inside the fixed shaft 5014, a return spring 5046 is arranged at one end of the rotating block 5045;

[0050] Among them, the clamping assembly 6 includes a fixed ring seat 601 fixed to the top of the second lifting seat 404, and the fixed ring seat 601 is located directly below the annular transmission box 406. A fixed clamping block 602 is provided at the top end of the fixed ring seat 601. The bottom end of the fixed clamping block 602 is fixedly connected to a pressing block 603 penetrating into the interior of the fixed ring seat 601. A compression spring 606 is provided on one side of the pressing block 603. On the other side bottom end of the pressing block 603, there is a pressing ring 604. The bottom end of the pressing ring 604 is fixedly connected to a pressing column 605 penetrating below the fixed ring seat 601. The pressing column 605 is located outside the second lifting seat 404 and directly above the arc-shaped top plate 3.

[0051] The surfaces of the pressing block 603 and the pressing ring 604 in contact with each other are both inclined structures. The bottom end of the pressing column 605 is a spherical structure. The number of the fixed clamping blocks 602, the pressing blocks 603, and the compression springs 606 is multiple and they are annularly distributed with the center of the fixed ring seat 601 as the center. A horizontal movement groove for the horizontal movement of the pressing block 603 is provided at the position where the fixed ring seat 601 is in contact with the pressing block 603. The top end of the notch of the arc-shaped top plate 3 is an arc-shaped surface.

[0052] In this embodiment: When this tooling is in use, it can be placed below the drilling device. The number of the clamping assemblies 6 can be set according to the process of the drilling device. The number of the clamping assemblies 6 is the number of drilling processes plus one blank station.

[0053] When drilling the end of the crankshaft, the to-be-processed end of the crankshaft can be facing upwards, and the other end can pass through the middle hole slot of the annular transmission box 406 downwards and be inserted into the interior of the fixed ring seat 601. Then the crankshaft can be released. At this time, a balance weight on the crankshaft will be located inside the middle hole slot of the fixed ring seat 601. At the same time, multiple limit clamping blocks 5039 can limit the crankshaft to avoid the crankshaft from tipping over.

[0054] After that, the motor 2 is started by an external controller. The motor 2 runs to drive the rotating seat 401 to rotate by one working station and then stops. At this time, the fixed ring seat 601 with the crankshaft placed on it is driven to rotate to the first working station, and the other fixed ring seat 601 rotates to the blank working station. At this time, the second crankshaft can be placed inside this fixed ring seat 601. During the process that the first fixed ring seat 601 rotates to the first working station, the extrusion column 605 below it rotates synchronously and is extruded by the arc-shaped top plate 3, and the extrusion column 605 will move upward under the extrusion of the arc-shaped top plate 3. The extrusion column 605 can push the extrusion ring 604 to move upward. The extrusion ring 604 can extrude the extrusion block 603 to move towards the inner side of the fixed ring seat 601 through the inclined surface. The extrusion block 603 can drive the fixed clamping block 602 to move towards the crankshaft direction and extrude the compression spring 606 to contract. The movement of multiple fixed clamping blocks 602 can realize the fixed clamping of the bottom end of the crankshaft, thus facilitating the drilling process of the crankshaft. After the drilling process at the first working station is completed, the motor 2 can be started again to run. By repeating such operations, the continuous operation of multiple drilling processes of the crankshaft can be realized, and at the same time, the automatic clamping operation of the crankshaft can be realized. When the crankshaft that has completed all processes is rotated by the rotating seat 401 to the blank working station, at this time, the extrusion column 605 on the fixed ring seat 601 at the blank working station is located at the notch of the arc-shaped top plate 3, that is, the extrusion column 605 loses the extrusion force. At this time, the compression spring 606 resets to push the extrusion block 603 to reset, and the extrusion block 603 drives the fixed clamping block 602 to move outward, thereby releasing the clamping of the crankshaft, and then realizing the automatic release clamping operation of the crankshaft. Through the cooperation of the above-mentioned multiple parts, the automatic clamping and automatic release clamping operations of the crankshaft can be realized. Different from the traditional manual clamping operation, it can effectively reduce the working intensity of the staff and further improve the working efficiency of the crankshaft drilling process.

[0055] Please refer specifically to Figures 3 to 10, the connecting shaft connected to the first worm gear 5021 is installed at the top of the first lifting seat 402 through the base. At the bottom end of the inner wall of the rotating seat 401, a limiting square column 5024 is also fixedly connected. There are two linkage racks 5023 and limiting square columns 5024, which are arranged in parallel and symmetrically. An lifting groove for the linkage rack 5023 and the limiting square column 5024 to slide up and down is opened inside the first lifting seat 402; the transmission lead screw 5033 is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 401 and the second lifting seat 404 through bearings, and an external thread is formed on the outer wall of the transmission lead screw 5033 above the second lifting seat 404. An internal thread groove matching the external thread of the transmission lead screw 5033 is formed on the inner wall of the third lifting seat 405. A limiting sliding groove matching the outer wall of the fixed rod 403 is opened inside the third lifting seat 405. There are multiple fixed rods 403, and the multiple fixed rods 403 and the transmission lead screw 5033 are annularly distributed around the center point of the rotating seat 401; the rotating column 5034 is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 401 and the second lifting seat 404 through bearings respectively. The top view cross-section of the connecting column 5035 is in a "cross" shape structure. A contraction groove for the connecting column 5035 to slide is opened inside the lifting shaft 5036. The number of limiting clamping blocks 5039 is multiple, and the multiple limiting clamping blocks 5039 are annularly distributed around the center of the driven gear ring 5038. An arc-shaped groove is opened at the contact position between the driven gear ring 5038 and the limiting clamping block 5039. A square block is fixed at the contact position between the outer wall of the limiting clamping block 5039 and the bottom end of the inner wall of the annular transmission box 406. A moving groove for the limiting clamping block 5039 and the square block to move horizontally is opened at the contact position between the annular transmission box 406 and the limiting clamping block 5039;

[0056] One end of the driving shaft 5041 located inside the first worm 5011 is provided with a polygonal socket 5049. The insertion hole 50111 is composed of three circular holes with gradually decreasing diameters. Three ends of the T-shaped handle 5047 are respectively fixed with sleeves matching the three circular holes, and a polygonal wrench 5048 matching the polygonal socket 5049 is fixedly connected inside the sleeve; the first polygonal block 5042 matches the first polygonal groove 5015, the second polygonal block 5043 matches 508, and the third polygonal block 5044 matches the third polygonal groove 50110. The inner wall dimensions of the first circular groove 5016, the second circular groove 5017, and the third circular groove 5019 are respectively larger than the inner wall dimensions of the first polygonal groove 5015, the second polygonal groove 5018, and the third polygonal groove 50110. The first circular groove 5016 is located at one end of the first polygonal groove 5015 close to the second worm 5012. The number of the second circular grooves 5017 is two, and the two second circular grooves 5017 are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the second polygonal groove 5018. The third circular groove 5019 is located at one end of the third polygonal groove 50110 close to the second worm 5012.

[0057] In this embodiment: When this tooling is in use, the height of the annular transmission case 406, the size of the limiting aperture of the limiting clamping block 5039, and the size of the clamping aperture of the fixed clamping block 602 can be adjusted respectively, so as to clamp crankshafts of different models;

[0058] Among them, when the diameter of the crankshaft journal changes, the size of the clamping aperture of the fixed clamping block 602 can be adjusted. The operator can first align the sleeve with the largest aperture on the T-shaped handle 5047 and insert it into the insertion hole 50111. At this time, the polygon wrench 5048 on the T-shaped handle 5047 cannot move after being inserted into the polygon socket 5049. At this time, the drive shaft 5041 is not forced to move, and its first polygon block 5042 is engaged with the first polygon groove 5015, the second polygon block 5043 is located inside the second circular groove 5017, and the third polygon block 5044 is located inside the third circular groove 5019. Then rotate the T-shaped handle 5047. At this time, the T-shaped handle 5047 can drive the first worm 5011 to rotate through the transmission of the polygon wrench 5048, the polygon socket 5049, the drive shaft 5041, the first polygon block 5042, and the first polygon groove 5015, while the second worm 5012 and the third worm 5013 remain stationary. The first worm 5011 can drive the first worm gear 5021 to rotate, and the first worm gear 5021 can drive the linkage gear 5022 to rotate. Since the linkage rack 5023 is fixedly connected to the rotating seat 401 and cannot move, when the linkage gear 5022 rotates, it can move up and down along the outer wall of the linkage rack 5023, thereby driving the first lifting seat 402 to move up and down. The first lifting seat 402 can drive the second lifting seat 404 and the third lifting seat 405 to move up and down synchronously through the cooperation of the fixed rod 403 and the transmission screw rod 5033. Among them, the up and down movement of the second lifting seat 404 can adjust the distance between the bottom end of the extrusion column 605 and the top end of the arc-shaped top plate 3. By adjusting this distance, the upward movement distance of the extrusion ring 604 can be adjusted, so as to realize the adjustment of the moving distance of the fixed clamping block 602, and then realize the adjustment of the clamping diameter of the fixed clamping block 602;

[0059] Among them, when the height of the crankshaft journal changes, the height of the annular transmission box 406 can be adjusted to adapt to this change. At this time, the sleeve with a medium aperture in the T-shaped handle 5047 can be aligned and inserted into the insertion hole 50111. After the polygon wrench 5048 is inserted into the polygon socket 5049, the T-shaped handle 5047 can be continuously pushed to move. At this time, the T-shaped handle 5047 can squeeze the drive shaft 5041 to move. The drive shaft 5041 can drive the first polygon block 5042 to move into the first circular groove 5016 and the second polygon block 5043 to move into the second polygon groove 5018, while the third polygon block 5044 still remains in the third circular groove 5019. At this time, rotate the T-shaped handle 5047. Through the transmission of the polygon wrench 5048, the polygon socket 5049, the drive shaft 5041, the second polygon block 5043, and the second polygon groove 5018, the second worm 5012 can be driven to rotate, while the first worm 5011 and the third worm 5013 remain stationary. The second worm 5012 can drive the transmission lead screw 5033 to rotate through the transmission of the second worm gear 5031. Since the inner threaded groove is provided inside the third lifting seat 405 and under the limiting action of the fixed rod 403, when the transmission lead screw 5033 rotates, it can drive the third lifting seat 405 and the annular transmission box 406 to move up and down synchronously, so as to realize the distance adjustment between the annular transmission box 406 and the fixed ring seat 601, thus adapting to the height change of the journal;

[0060] Meanwhile, when the diameter of the crankshaft journal changes, it is also necessary to adjust the size of the limiting aperture of the limiting clamp block 5039. The size of the limiting aperture of the limiting clamp block 5039 is slightly larger than the crankshaft journal, so as to facilitate the insertion of the crankshaft journal and also facilitate the limitation of the crankshaft journal, avoiding the crankshaft from tipping over. The sleeve with the smallest aperture on the T-shaped handle 5047 can be aligned and inserted into the insertion hole 50111. After the polygon wrench 5048 is inserted into the polygon socket 5049, the T-shaped handle 5047 can be continuously pushed to move. The T-shaped handle 5047 can push the drive shaft 5041 to move to the maximum position, and its first polygon block 5042 moves into the first circular groove 5016. The second polygon block 5043 passes through the second polygon groove 5018 and moves into the second circular groove 5017, while the third polygon block 5044 moves into the third polygon groove 50110. At this time, rotate the T-shaped handle 5047. Through the transmission of the polygon wrench 5048, the polygon socket 5049, the drive shaft 5041, the third polygon block 5044, and the third polygon groove 50110, the third worm 5013 can be driven to rotate, while the first worm 5011 and the second worm 5012 remain stationary. The third worm 5013 can drive the transmission gear 5037 to rotate through the transmission of the third worm gear 5032, the rotating column 5034, the connecting column 5035, and the lifting shaft 5036. The transmission gear 5037 can drive a plurality of driven tooth rings 5038 to rotate. Through the cooperation of the arc-shaped groove opened in the driven tooth ring 5038 and the moving groove opened on the annular transmission box 406, when the driven tooth ring 5038 rotates, a plurality of limiting clamp blocks 5039 can move along the inner wall of the moving groove, so as to realize the adjustment of the limiting aperture of the plurality of limiting clamp blocks 5039;

[0061] Through the operations of the above-mentioned multiple steps, the limitation and clamping of crankshafts of different models can be realized, thus effectively improving the applicable range of this tooling.

[0062] Please refer specifically to Figures 9 to 10 , a horn-shaped shrinkage groove is provided between the first polygon groove 5015 and the first circular groove 5016, between the second polygon groove 5018 and the second circular groove 5017, and between the third polygon groove 50110 and the third circular groove 5019. The overall length of the first polygon groove 5015 and the horn-shaped shrinkage groove matches the length of a second circular groove 5017. The overall length of a second circular groove 5017, two horn-shaped shrinkage grooves, and the second polygon groove 5018 matches the length of the third circular groove 5019;

[0063] An activity groove for the telescopic movement of the rotating block 5045 and the return spring 5046 is provided inside the fixed shaft 5014. The fixed shaft 5014 is fixedly connected to the top of the first lifting seat 402 through a fixed seat.

[0064] In this embodiment: When the first polygon block 5042 enters the first polygon slot 5015 from the first circular slot 5016, the second polygon block 5043 enters the second polygon slot 5018 from the second circular slot 5017, and the third polygon block 5044 enters the third polygon slot 50110 from the third circular slot 5019 through the horn contraction slots, the polygon blocks can be automatically calibrated by deflecting under force during the movement, so as to realize the automatic docking of the polygon blocks and the polygon slots. When the driving shaft 5041 loses extrusion through the return spring 5046, the driving shaft 5041 can automatically reset, which is convenient for subsequent adjustment operations. The rotating block 5045 can prevent wear between the driving shaft 5041 and the return spring 5046, thereby reducing the rotational friction of the driving shaft 5041 and facilitating the automatic reset of the driving shaft 5041. It should be noted that: There is a large frictional force between the first worm 5011, the second worm 5012, the third worm 5013 and their respective bases, and they can remain stationary during the rotation of the rotating seat 401. Moreover, during the adjustment process, when one worm is rotated, the other two worms can also remain stationary. During the automatic reset process of the driving shaft 5041, the frictional force between the worm and the base can also prevent the worm from shifting under force.

[0065] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special-shaped crankshaft processing tooling, comprising a U-shaped seat (1) and a motor (2) installed inside the U-shaped seat (1), characterized in that, An arc-shaped top plate (3) is fixed to the top of the U-shaped seat (1). A support assembly (4) is arranged inside the arc-shaped top plate (3) at the top of the U-shaped seat (1). The support assembly (4) includes a rotating seat (401) arranged on the top of the U-shaped seat (1) and inside the arc-shaped top plate (3). The output end of the motor (2) penetrates to the top of the U-shaped seat (1) and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating seat (401). A first lifting seat (402) is sleeved inside the rotating seat (401). The top end of the first lifting seat (402) is fixedly connected to a fixed rod (403). The top end of the fixed rod (403) extends above the rotating seat (401) and is sleeved with a third lifting seat (405). The outer wall of the fixed rod (403) is fixedly connected to a second lifting seat (404). The second lifting seat (404) is located between the third lifting seat (405) and the rotating seat (401). An annular transmission box (406) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third lifting seat (405); An adjusting assembly (5) for adjusting the heights of the second lifting seat (404) and the third lifting seat (405) is distributed inside the rotating seat (401), the third lifting seat (405), and the annular transmission box (406). A clamping assembly (6) for automatically clamping and automatically releasing the clamping of the crankshaft is arranged on the top of the rotating seat (401). The adjusting assembly (5) includes a worm unit (501), a lifting unit (502), a limiting unit (503), and a driving assembly (504); Among them, the worm unit (501) includes a first worm (5011), a second worm (5012), a third worm (5013), and a fixed shaft (5014) that are sequentially horizontally distributed. One end of the first worm (5011) extends through the outside of the rotating seat (401). The first worm (5011), the second worm (5012), and the third worm (5013) are installed on the top end of the first lifting seat (402) through a base. A plug hole (50111), a first polygonal groove (5015), and a first circular groove (5016) are sequentially opened inside the first worm (5011). A second circular groove (5017) and a second polygonal groove (5018) are sequentially opened inside the second worm (5012). A third circular groove (5019) and a third polygonal groove (50110) are sequentially opened inside the third worm (5013); Among them, the lifting unit (502) includes a first worm gear (5021) meshing above the first worm (5011). Both sides of the first worm gear (5021) are connected with a linkage gear (5022) through a connecting shaft. One end of the linkage gear (5022) meshes with a linkage rack (5023). The bottom end of the linkage rack (5023) penetrates below the first lifting seat (402) and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the inner wall of the rotating seat (401); Among them, the limiting unit (503) includes a second worm gear (5031) meshed on one side of the second worm (5012) and a third worm gear (5032) meshed on one side of the third worm (5013). A transmission lead screw (5033) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second worm gear (5031) penetrates through the second lifting seat (404) and extends above the third lifting seat (405). A rotating column (5034) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the third worm gear (5032) penetrates above the second lifting seat (404). A connecting column (5035) is fixedly connected to the top end of the rotating column (5034). A lifting shaft (5036) is sleeved on the top end of the connecting column (5035). The top end of the lifting shaft (5036) penetrates into the third lifting seat (405) and is connected with a transmission gear (5037). A driven gear ring (5038) is meshed on the outer side of the transmission gear (5037). The driven gear ring (5038) is located inside the annular transmission box (406), and a limiting clamp block (5039) extending below the annular transmission box (406) is sleeved inside the driven gear ring (5038); Among them, the driving assembly (504) includes a T-shaped handle (5047) and a driving shaft (5041). The driving shaft (5041) sequentially penetrates through the first worm (5011), the second worm (5012), and the third worm (5013) from inside the insertion hole (50111) and extends into the fixed shaft (5014). And first polygon blocks (5042), second polygon blocks (5043), and third polygon blocks (5044) are sequentially fixedly connected to the outer wall of the driving shaft (5041) inside the first worm (5011), the second worm (5012), and the third worm (5013). The driving shaft (5041) is rotatably connected with a rotating block (5045) inside the fixed shaft (5014). A return spring (5046) is arranged at one end of the rotating block (5045) inside the fixed shaft (5014); One end of the driving shaft (5041) inside the first worm (5011) is provided with a polygon socket (5049). The insertion hole (50111) is composed of three circular holes with gradually decreasing diameters. Three ends of the T-shaped handle (5047) are respectively fixed with sleeves matching the three circular holes, and a polygon wrench (5048) matching the polygon socket (5049) is fixedly connected inside the sleeve; The first polygonal block (5042) matches the first polygonal groove (5015), the second polygonal block (5043) matches (508), and the third polygonal block (5044) matches the third polygonal groove (50110). The inner wall dimensions of the first circular groove (5016), the second circular groove (5017), and the third circular groove (5019) are respectively larger than the inner wall dimensions of the first polygonal groove (5015), the second polygonal groove (5018), and the third polygonal groove (50110). The first circular groove (5016) is located at one end of the first polygonal groove (5015) close to the second worm (5012). The number of the second circular grooves (5017) is two, and the two second circular grooves (5017) are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the second polygonal groove (5018). The third circular groove (5019) is located at one end of the third polygonal groove (50110) close to the second worm (5012). Flared contraction grooves are provided between the first polygonal groove (5015) and the first circular groove (5016), between the second polygonal groove (5018) and the second circular groove (5017), and between the third polygonal groove (50110) and the third circular groove (5019). The overall length of the first polygonal groove (5015) and the flared contraction groove matches the length of one second circular groove (5017). The overall length of one second circular groove (5017), two flared contraction grooves, and the second polygonal groove (5018) matches the length of the third circular groove (5019). An activity groove for the telescopic movement of the rotating block (5045) and the return spring (5046) is provided inside the fixed shaft (5014). The fixed shaft (5014) is fixedly connected to the top of the first lifting seat (402) through a fixed seat. Among them, the clamping assembly (6) includes a fixed ring seat (601) fixed to the top of the second lifting seat (404). A fixed clamping block (602) is provided at the top of the fixed ring seat (601). The bottom end of the fixed clamping block (602) is fixedly connected to a pressing block (603) penetrating into the inside of the fixed ring seat (601). A compression spring (606) is provided on one side of the pressing block (603). On the other side bottom end of the pressing block (603), a pressing ring (604) is provided. The bottom end of the pressing ring (604) is fixedly connected to a pressing column (605) penetrating below the fixed ring seat (601). The pressing column (605) is located outside the second lifting seat (404) and directly above the arc-shaped top plate (3).

2. The special-shaped crankshaft processing tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting shaft connected to the first worm gear (5021) is installed at the top of the first lifting seat (402) through a base. A limiting square column (5024) is also fixedly connected to the bottom end of the inner wall of the rotating seat (401). Both the linkage rack (5023) and the limiting square column (5024) are provided with two and are arranged parallel and symmetrically. A lifting groove for the up and down sliding of the linkage rack (5023) and the limiting square column (5024) is provided inside the first lifting seat (402).

3. The special-shaped crankshaft processing tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission lead screw (5033) is rotatably connected to the rotating seat (401) and the second lifting seat (404) through bearings, and an external thread is formed on the outer wall of the transmission lead screw (5033) above the second lifting seat (404). An internal thread groove matching the external thread of the transmission lead screw (5033) is formed on the inner wall of the third lifting seat (405). A limiting sliding groove matching the outer wall of the fixed rod (403) is formed inside the third lifting seat (405). A plurality of fixed rods (403) are provided, and the plurality of fixed rods (403) and the transmission lead screw (5033) are annularly distributed around the center point of the rotating seat (401).

4. A special-shaped crankshaft processing tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that The rotating column (5034) is rotatably connected to the rotating seat (401) and the second lifting seat (404) through bearings respectively. The top view cross-section of the connecting column (5035) is in a "plus" shape structure. A contraction groove for the connecting column (5035) to slide is formed inside the lifting shaft (5036). A plurality of limiting clamping blocks (5039) are provided, and the plurality of limiting clamping blocks (5039) are annularly distributed around the center of the driven gear ring (5038). An arc-shaped groove is formed at the position where the driven gear ring (5038) contacts the limiting clamping block (5039). A square block is fixed at the position where the outer wall of the limiting clamping block (5039) contacts the bottom end of the inner wall of the annular transmission box (406). A moving groove for the limiting clamping block (5039) and the square block to move horizontally is formed at the position where the annular transmission box (406) contacts the limiting clamping block (5039).

5. The special-shaped crankshaft processing tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mutually contacting surfaces of the extrusion block (603) and the extrusion ring (604) are both inclined structures. The bottom end of the extrusion column (605) is in a spherical structure. A plurality of fixed clamping blocks (602), extrusion blocks (603), and compression springs (606) are provided and are annularly distributed around the center of the fixed ring seat (601). A horizontal moving groove for the extrusion block (603) to move horizontally is formed at the position where the fixed ring seat (601) contacts the extrusion block (603). The top end of the notch of the arc-shaped top plate (3) is in an arc-shaped surface.

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