Fuel injector, internal combustion engine and monitoring method

Abstract

The present application provides an oil injector, an internal combustion engine and a monitoring method. The oil injector comprises a monitoring module, a first signal collector, a second signal collector and a third signal collector, the first signal collector is used to collect signals of a chamber and / or a flow channel connected with a main injection high-pressure oil circuit of the oil injector, the second signal collector is used to collect signals of an in-cylinder environment, and the third signal collector is used to collect driving signals of the oil injector; a wire outlet module, the lead wire of the first signal collector, the lead wire of the second signal collector and the lead wire of the third signal collector are led out by the wire outlet module and used to be connected with a signal receiver; wherein the first signal collector and the second signal collector are located inside the oil injector, and the third signal collector and the wire outlet module are integrated on the top of the oil injector. Real-time monitoring and independent correction of each cylinder are realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to an oil injector, an internal combustion engine and a monitoring method. BACKGROUND

[0002] As the final actuator of the whole common rail system, the electronically controlled oil injector is one of the most core components of the fuel supply system, which sprays diesel to a specific part of the combustion chamber according to the requirements of the diesel engine mixture. For multi-cylinder diesel engines, the injection pressure, injection timing and spray characteristics of the electronically controlled oil injectors of different cylinders have certain differences, and under single cylinder fault conditions, not only the in-cylinder pressure, maximum explosion pressure and heat release rate curve of the cylinder are abnormal, but also the local fault is transmitted, causing abnormal combustion in other cylinders, and further causing power reduction, abnormal shutdown, knocking, and even whole machine failure such as runaway. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide an oil injector.

[0004] Another purpose of the present application is to provide an internal combustion engine.

[0005] Still another purpose of the present application is to provide a monitoring method of an oil injector.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present application, an oil injector comprises: a monitoring module comprising a first signal collector, a second signal collector and a third signal collector, the first signal collector is used to collect signals of a chamber and / or a flow channel in communication with a main injection high-pressure oil path of the oil injector, the second signal collector is used to collect signals of an in-cylinder environment, and the third signal collector is used to collect a driving signal of the oil injector; a wire outlet module, leads of the first signal collector, leads of the second signal collector and leads of the third signal collector are led out by the wire outlet module for communication with a signal receiver; wherein the first signal collector and the second signal collector are located inside the oil injector, and the third signal collector and the wire outlet module are integrated on the top of the oil injector.

[0007] The technical solution of the present application realizes real-time monitoring of actual transient pressure signals of each cylinder oil injector, in-cylinder transient pressure signals and actual transient driving current signals of each cylinder by setting the first signal collector, the second signal collector and the third signal collector, and further analyzes the characteristics of the above monitoring signals to realize online independent correction and online fault diagnosis of each cylinder for key injection performance indicators of the electronically controlled oil injector such as actual injection quantity, injection timing and injection duration, and actual combustion conditions of each cylinder.

[0008]

[0009] ​The signal collector is integrated on the fuel injector, the monitoring function structure arrangement is simplified, the diesel engine with the fuel injector of the embodiment installed can realize real-time monitoring, independent correction, safety alarm, performance prediction and other functions of each cylinder, without changing other components of the diesel engine

[0010] The signal collector is integrated on the fuel injector, the monitoring function structure arrangement is simplified, the diesel engine with the fuel injector of the embodiment installed can realize real-time monitoring, independent correction, safety alarm, performance prediction and other functions of each cylinder, without changing other components of the diesel engine

[0011] The signal collector is integrated on the fuel injector, the monitoring function structure arrangement is simplified, the diesel engine with the fuel injector of the embodiment installed can realize real-time monitoring, independent correction, safety alarm, performance prediction and other functions of each cylinder, without changing other components of the diesel engine

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the fuel injector, the fuel injector further comprises a pressure accumulation cavity

[0013] The first signal collector is embedded in the top of the pressure accumulation cavity and communicates with the cavity of the pressure accumulation cavity.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the fuel injector, the fuel injector further comprises a pilot valve, and a driving lead joint of the pilot valve is arranged on the lead-out module; the third signal collector further comprises a collection terminal connected to the driving lead joint of the pilot valve, and a lead of the third signal collector is connected to the collection terminal.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the fuel injector, the fuel injector further comprises a body and a fuel nozzle, the fuel nozzle is fixedly connected and sealed with the body through a first nut, and the pressure accumulation cavity is fixedly connected and sealed with the body through a second nut.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the fuel injector, the second signal collector is arranged on the side wall of the fuel nozzle or the first nut to communicate with the in-cylinder environment.

[0017] In one or more embodiments of the fuel injector, the lead-out module comprises a base, the third signal collector further comprises a support, and the support is fixedly connected to the base through a fixing member to fix the collection terminal and the lead of the third signal collector to the base.

[0018] In one or more embodiments of the fuel injector, the base is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and the lead of the first signal collector and the lead of the second signal collector are respectively led out by corresponding mounting holes.

[0019] In one or more embodiments of the fuel injector, the base is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and the lead of the first signal collector and the lead of the second signal collector are respectively led out by corresponding mounting holes.

[0020] In one or more embodiments of the fuel injector, the base is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and the lead of the first signal collector and the lead of the second signal collector are respectively led out by corresponding mounting holes.

[0021] In one or more embodiments of the fuel injector, the first signal collector is a high-frequency pressure sensor, the second signal collector is a cylinder pressure sensor, and the third signal collector is a current sensor.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present application, an internal combustion engine comprises a plurality of cylinders, each of which corresponds to at least one fuel injector as described above, the fuel injection nozzle of the fuel injector injecting fuel into the interior of the cylinder, and the second signal collector of the fuel injector being in communication with the in-cylinder environment.

[0023] According to still another aspect of the present application, a monitoring method for a fuel injector comprises: providing a monitoring module on the fuel injector, the monitoring module being capable of collecting a first signal from a chamber and / or a flow passage in communication with a main fuel injection high-pressure oil passage of the fuel injector, collecting a second signal from an in-cylinder environment, and collecting a third signal from a driving signal of the fuel injector; and providing an outgoing module outside the fuel injector, the first signal, the second signal, and the third signal being transmitted by the outgoing module to a signal receiver. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] The above and other features, aspects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals designate like elements throughout the drawings, it being noted that the drawings have been simplified for clarity which should not be interpreted in a limiting sense for purposes of the present application,

[0025] Wherein:

[0026] Figure 1 Structure diagram of a fuel injector according to an embodiment;

[0027] Figure 2 Structure diagram of a fuel injector according to an embodiment from another perspective;

[0028] Figure 3 Connection structure diagram of an outgoing module and a pressure accumulation cavity of a fuel injector according to an embodiment;

[0029] Figure 4 Connection structure diagram of a fuel injection nozzle and a body of a fuel injector according to an embodiment.

[0030] Reference numerals:

[0031] 100 - fuel injector;

[0032] 10 - monitoring module;

[0033] 1 - first signal collector;

[0034] 11 - lead wire of the first signal collector;

[0035] 2 - second signal collector;

[0036] 21 - lead wire of the second signal collector;

[0037] 22 - head, 23 - connecting part, 24 - sensing part;

[0038] 3 - third signal collector;

[0039] 31 - lead wire of the third signal collector;

[0040] 301 - collecting terminal, 302 - support;

[0041] 20 - outgoing line module;

[0042] 201 - base;

[0043] 202 - mounting hole;

[0044] 203 - accommodating space;

[0045] 204 - bolt;

[0046] 40 - chamber in communication with the main injection high-pressure oil passage of the oil injector,

[0047] 41 - flow channel in communication with the main injection high-pressure oil passage of the oil injector;

[0048] 4 - pressure accumulation cavity;

[0049] 401 - cavity of the pressure accumulation cavity;

[0050] 42 - stepped hole;

[0051] 402 - large hole, 403 - small hole;

[0052] 51 - driving lead wire joint of the pilot valve;

[0053] 6 - body;

[0054] 61 - second signal collector lead wire hole;

[0055] 7 - oil injection nozzle;

[0056] 71 - side wall of the oil injection nozzle;

[0057] 72 - second stepped hole;

[0058] 721 - second large hole, 722 - second small hole, 723 - hole;

[0059] 81 - first nut, 82 - second nut;

[0060] 9 - fixing member. Detailed Implementation

[0061] Reference will now be made in detail to various embodiments of the invention, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings and described below. Although the invention will be described in conjunction with exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that this specification is not intended to limit the invention to those exemplary embodiments. Rather, the invention is intended to cover not only these exemplary embodiments, but also various alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and other embodiments that may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

[0062] In the following description, the terms “inner,” “outer,” “upper,” “lower,” “top,” “bottom,” or other directional terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0063] Furthermore, this application uses specific terms to describe its embodiments. For example, "some embodiments" refers to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic associated with at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "some embodiments" mentioned twice or more in different locations in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics of some embodiments of this application can be appropriately combined.

[0064] Currently, with the increasing demands for intelligent control of diesel engines, there is a need to further improve the structure of fuel injectors.

[0065] The inventors of this application, through in-depth research, discovered that if it were possible to achieve online independent correction, online fault safety alarm, and performance prediction for key injection performance indicators of electronically controlled fuel injectors such as actual injection quantity, injection timing, and injection duration, as well as the actual combustion conditions of each cylinder, it would effectively prevent the occurrence of diesel engine failures, reduce maintenance costs, and improve diesel engine performance. However, existing diesel engines cannot achieve the above functions because most existing diesel engine technologies use overall engine speed and phase signals to achieve unified closed-loop control of the injection quantity and injection timing of each cylinder, thereby achieving closed-loop control of overall engine power and speed. Although independent in-cylinder pressure sensors are installed in each cylinder to monitor the actual combustion conditions such as in-cylinder pressure in real time, it is impossible to achieve real-time monitoring of the injection characteristics and injection faults of the electronically controlled fuel injectors in each cylinder, nor can it perform closed-loop control and independent correction based on the actual combustion conditions of each cylinder, let alone achieve health management prediction functions such as performance prediction and health alarm.

[0066] Based on the above considerations, the inventors, after in-depth research, designed a fuel injector that achieves real-time monitoring of the actual transient pressure signals at the injector end of each cylinder, the transient pressure signals inside the cylinder, and the actual transient drive current signals of each cylinder by setting up a first signal collector, a second signal collector, and a third signal collector. Furthermore, through characteristic analysis of the above-mentioned monitoring signals, it achieves functions such as online independent correction for each cylinder, online fault safety alarm, and performance prediction, targeting key injection performance indicators of the electronically controlled fuel injector such as actual injection quantity, injection timing, and injection duration, as well as the actual combustion situation of each cylinder. Integrating the signal collectors onto the fuel injector simplifies the structural layout of the monitoring functions. Diesel engines equipped with the fuel injector of this embodiment can achieve real-time monitoring, independent correction, safety alarm, and performance prediction for each cylinder without changing the structure of other diesel engine components to install the collectors or undertaking complex wiring, thus improving the wide applicability to diesel engines with monitoring needs. Meanwhile, by setting up a wiring module, the leads of each signal acquisition unit are concentrated on one component and uniformly set on the outside of the fuel injector, which simplifies the wiring structure, saves costs, facilitates disassembly and assembly, and also improves the applicability to diesel engines with monitoring needs.

[0067] While the injectors disclosed in this application are applicable to marine diesel engines to improve emissions and fuel economy, they are not limited thereto. For example, they can be applied to other applications, such as heavy vehicles and railway trains, as well as other internal combustion engines, such as mixed-fuel engines, such as methanol-diesel engines, etc., as long as the engine can utilize the injectors disclosed in this application. The following description of injector application scenarios uses diesel engines as an example.

[0068] refer to Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the injector 100 may include a monitoring module 10 and a wiring module 20. The monitoring module 10 includes a first signal collector 1, a second signal collector 2, and a third signal collector 3. The first signal collector 1 collects signals from the chamber 40 and / or flow channel 41 connected to the main injection high-pressure oil circuit of the injector 100. The second signal collector 2 collects signals from the in-cylinder environment (not shown in the figure), and the third signal collector 3 collects the drive signals of the injector 100. The wiring module 20 has leads 11 from the first signal collector 1, 21 from the second signal collector 2, and 31 from the third signal collector 3, which are used to connect to a signal receiver (not shown in the figure). The first signal collector 1 and the second signal collector 2 are located inside the injector 100, while the third signal collector 3 and the wiring module 20 are located outside the injector 100.

[0069] Here, "outgoing wiring module 20" refers to a structural component that centralizes the leads of all signal acquisition devices onto a single part and is uniformly installed on the outside of the fuel injector for easy connection to the signal receiver. This differs from "monitoring module 10," which is a collective term for all signal acquisition devices, not an integration of them onto a single part. Instead, each signal acquisition device is positioned at different locations on the fuel injector to collect different signals, and each device operates independently, enabling independent online monitoring, correction, performance or fault prediction, or arbitrary combinations as needed.

[0070] The meaning of "chamber 40 and / or flow channel 41 connected to the main injection high-pressure oil circuit of injector 100" here is that when the object of the acquisition is an injector with an accumulator chamber, the first signal acquisition device acquires the signal in the accumulator chamber; for injectors without an accumulator chamber structure, the high-pressure flow channel or chamber connected to the main injection high-pressure oil circuit can be acquired, such as the high-pressure flow channel inlet or the main injection flow channel.

[0071] The term "signal receiver (not shown in the figure)" here refers to receiving signals collected by various signal acquisition devices and processing and analyzing those signals.

[0072] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are that by setting up a first signal acquisition unit, a second signal acquisition unit, and a third signal acquisition unit, real-time monitoring of the actual transient pressure signal at the injector end of each cylinder, the transient pressure signal inside the cylinder, and the actual transient drive current signal of each cylinder can be achieved. Furthermore, through feature analysis of the above-mentioned monitoring signals, functions such as online independent correction for each cylinder, online fault safety alarm, and performance prediction can be realized, targeting key injection performance indicators of the electronically controlled injector such as actual injection quantity, injection timing, and injection duration, as well as the actual combustion situation of each cylinder. Integrating the signal acquisition units onto the injector simplifies the structural layout of the monitoring function. Diesel engines equipped with the injector of this embodiment can achieve real-time monitoring, independent correction, safety alarm, and performance prediction for each cylinder without changing the structure of other diesel engine components to install acquisition units or performing complex wiring, thus improving the wide applicability to diesel engines with monitoring needs. Simultaneously, by setting up a wiring module, the leads of each signal acquisition unit are concentrated on one component and uniformly set on the outside of the injector, simplifying the wiring structure, saving costs, facilitating disassembly and assembly, and further improving the wide applicability to diesel engines with monitoring needs.

[0073] refer to Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the injector 100 may further include a pressure accumulator 4, with the first signal acquisition unit 1 embedded in the top of the pressure accumulator 4 and communicating with the cavity 401 of the pressure accumulator 4. Specifically, as shown... Figure 3In the illustrated embodiment, a stepped hole 42 is formed at the top of the accumulator chamber 4. The larger hole 402 of the stepped hole 42 is a threaded hole. The lower section of the first signal acquisition device 1 has an external thread that mates with the threaded hole, fixing the first signal acquisition device 1 to the top of the accumulator chamber 4. The bottom end of the first signal acquisition device 1 abuts against the bottom end of the larger hole 402 for a good high-pressure seal. The first signal acquisition device 1 communicates with the cavity 401 of the accumulator chamber 4 through the smaller hole 403 of the stepped hole 42, enabling real-time acquisition and monitoring of the actual transient accumulator pressure in the high-pressure accumulator chamber during the injection process of each cylinder injector. The output module 20 provides a receiving space 203, in which the upper section of the first signal acquisition device 1 is placed. The beneficial effect of this configuration is that, based on the extraction and analysis of the injector accumulator pressure signal characteristics, it creates conditions for online independent monitoring, correction, performance or fault prediction of the injection timing, injection quantity, and injection duration of each cylinder. It is understood that this embodiment is only an example of one type of injector, namely a accumulator-type electronically controlled injector, and is not intended to limit the type of injector in this solution. This solution can also be an electronically controlled injector without a high-pressure accumulator chamber. The first signal acquisition unit can be integrated into other key chambers or key high-pressure flow channels connected to the main injection high-pressure oil circuit at the injector end.

[0074] refer to Figure 2 Combination Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the injector 100 may further include a pilot valve (not shown in the figure), with the pilot valve's drive lead connector 51 located in the output module 20. The third signal acquisition unit 3 also includes a acquisition terminal 301, which is connected to the pilot valve's drive lead connector 51, and the lead 31 of the third signal acquisition unit 3 is connected to the acquisition terminal 301. Specifically in Figure 2 , Figure 3In the illustrated embodiment, the output module 20 is equipped with two pilot valve drive lead connectors 51. Each pilot valve drive lead connector 51 can be a threaded copper pillar. The pilot valve's output wire is led out through the injector's internal wire hole and welded to the threaded copper pillar. The threaded copper pillar is fixed to the output module through potting and threading, forming good insulation. The acquisition terminal 301 is a ring-shaped sleeve fitted onto the pilot valve drive lead connector 51. The lead 31 of the third signal acquisition unit is led out from one side of the acquisition terminal 301, thus realizing real-time acquisition and monitoring of the drive current. Here, "pilot valve" can be a built-in pilot-operated solenoid valve or a piezoelectric or other novel built-in pilot valve actuator. It is understood that this embodiment is merely an example of an injector type with a pilot valve and is not intended to limit the type of injector in this solution. The injector can also use other driving methods, and the third signal acquisition unit 3 acquires the driving signal of that driving method. The beneficial effect of this embodiment is that, based on the extraction and analysis of the driving signal characteristics of each cylinder injector, in order to achieve real-time monitoring of the actual driving signal of each cylinder, it can not only monitor the differences in the actual injection characteristics of the injectors caused by the differences in the injector wiring harness of each cylinder, but also create conditions for realizing online monitoring and correction of performance degradation, monitoring, alarming and prediction of various injection faults.

[0075] refer to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the injector 100 may further include a body 6 and an injector nozzle 7. The injector nozzle 7 is fixedly connected and sealed to the body 6 by a first nut 81, and the accumulator chamber 4 is fixedly connected and sealed to the body 6 by a second nut 82. Specifically, in... Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the injector 100 consists of, from top to bottom, a cable outlet module 20, a pressure accumulator chamber 4, a body 6, and an injector nozzle 7. The advantage of this configuration is that it requires minimal modification to the original injector structure, thus reducing costs.

[0076] refer to Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the specific structure of the second signal acquisition device 2 can be that the second signal acquisition device 2 is disposed on the side wall 71 of the fuel injector 7 or the first nut 81 to communicate with the cylinder environment, so as to realize the extraction and analysis of the signal characteristics of the cylinder pressure sensor, and provide support for online independent monitoring, correction and performance or fault prediction of the actual combustion of each cylinder. Figure 4In the embodiment shown, the second signal collector 2 includes a head 22, a connecting part 23 and a sensing part 24 from top to bottom. The diameter of the head 22 is larger than the diameter of the connecting part 23 and the diameter of the sensing part 24. The connecting part 23 has an external thread structure. A second stepped hole 72 is formed on the side wall 71 of the fuel injector, communicating with a second signal acquisition lead hole 61 formed on the main body 6. The second stepped hole 72 includes a second large hole 721 and a second small hole 722. The diameter of the second signal acquisition lead hole 61 is larger than the diameter of the second large hole 721, which is larger than the diameter of the second small hole 722. The head 22 of the second signal acquisition device 2 is placed in the second signal acquisition lead hole 61. The second large hole 721 has a matching thread at the position of the external thread structure of the connecting part 23. The second signal acquisition device 2 is fixed in the side wall 71 of the fuel injector through the threaded engagement of the connecting part 23 and the second large hole 721. The connection between the second signal acquisition lead hole 61 and the second large hole 721 provides support for the head 22, strengthening the limiting and fixing of the second signal acquisition device 2. The sensing part 24 is located in the second stepped hole 72. A hole 723 is formed radially outward at the bottom of the second small hole 722 to allow the sensing part 24 to communicate with the cylinder environment. It is understood that the integration location of the second signal acquisition unit 2 is not limited to the side wall 71 of the fuel injector or the first nut 81, but can also be integrated into other components of the fuel injector that can directly contact the cylinder environment. In some embodiments, the second signal acquisition unit 2 can also be fixed by interference fit.

[0077] refer to Figure 2 Combination Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the specific structure of the injector 100 may include a wiring module 20 including a base 201, and a third signal acquisition device 3 including a support 302. The support 302 is fixedly connected to the base 201 by a fastener 9 to fix the acquisition terminal 301 and the lead wire 31 of the third signal acquisition device 3 to the base 201, so that the third signal acquisition device 3 is stable on the wiring module 20 during the operation of the injector 100, ensuring real-time monitoring of the actual drive signal of each cylinder. Figure 2 , Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the fastener 9 is a bolt, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the support 302 is a potting compound, and the interior of the support 302 includes a current signal acquisition circuit board.

[0078] In such Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the base 201 of the output module 20 is fixedly connected to the top of the accumulator cavity 4 by bolts 204, which facilitates wiring.

[0079] refer to Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the injector 100 may have a base 201 with multiple mounting holes 202, through which the leads 11 of the first signal collector 1 and the leads 21 of the second signal collector 2 are led out from the corresponding mounting holes 202. This integrates the output interfaces of each signal collector, providing a structural basis for the engineering application of the injector 100. Figure 2 , Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the mounting hole of the lead wire 11 of the first signal collector is located at the center of the base 201, and the mounting hole of the lead wire 21 of the second signal collector is annularly located around the mounting hole of the lead wire 11 of the first signal collector. The mounting hole 202 and the receiving space 203 can be potted and fixed using potting fluid. In some embodiments, the lead wire 11 of the first signal collector and the lead wire 21 of the second signal collector can extend from the inside of the injector 100 to the mounting hole 202, or they can be fixed to the outside of the injector 100 and extend to the mounting hole 202, integrated into the output module 20.

[0080] refer to Figure 3 Combination Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the specific structure of the monitoring module 10 can be such that the first signal acquisition unit 1 is a high-frequency response pressure sensor, the second signal acquisition unit 2 is a cylinder pressure sensor, and the third signal acquisition unit 3 is a current sensor. Each sensor is independent and can perform independent online monitoring, correction, and performance or fault prediction according to actual needs. They can also be arbitrarily combined and integrated. The "high-frequency response pressure sensor," also known as a high-frequency dynamic pressure sensor, has the characteristic of a high response frequency. The "cylinder pressure sensor" can also be a high-frequency dynamic pressure sensor, but because the cylinder pressure sensor is in direct contact with the combustion environment inside the cylinder, compared to the "high-frequency response pressure sensor" located in the chamber 40 and / or flow channel 41 connected to the main injection high-pressure oil circuit, the cylinder pressure sensor needs to have high temperature resistance and high structural strength. The "current sensor" is used to acquire and measure the current signal of the AC power driving the pilot valve.

[0081] refer to Figures 1 to 4As shown, in one embodiment, the internal combustion engine has a specific structure including multiple cylinders, each corresponding to at least one injector 100 as described above. Generally, each cylinder corresponds to one injector 100, but it is not excluded that one cylinder corresponds to multiple injectors 100. The injector nozzle 7 of the injector 100 injects fuel into the cylinder, and the second signal acquisition unit 2 of the injector 100 is connected to the cylinder environment. The beneficial effect of this configuration is that it enables real-time monitoring of the actual transient pressure signal at the injector end of each cylinder, the transient pressure signal inside the cylinder, and the actual transient drive current signal of each cylinder. Furthermore, through the characteristic analysis of the above-mentioned monitoring signals, it enables functions such as online independent correction of each cylinder, online fault safety alarm, and performance prediction for key injection performance indicators of electronically controlled injectors such as actual injection quantity, injection timing, and injection duration, as well as the actual combustion situation of each cylinder. Integrating each signal acquisition unit on the injector simplifies the structural layout of the monitoring function and improves the applicability to internal combustion engines with monitoring requirements.

[0082] Continue to refer to Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the specific steps of the monitoring method for the injector 100 may include: setting a monitoring module 10 on the injector 100; the monitoring module 10 is capable of acquiring signals from the chamber 40 and / or flow channel 41 connected to the main injection high-pressure oil circuit of the injector 100 to obtain a first signal, acquiring signals from the cylinder environment (not shown in the figure) to obtain a second signal, and acquiring drive signals from the injector 100 to obtain a third signal. An output module 20 is set outside the injector 100, and the first, second, and third signals are transmitted from the output module 20 to a signal receiver (not shown in the figure). This method can realize functions such as online independent correction for each cylinder, online fault safety alarm, and performance prediction based on key injection performance indicators of the electronically controlled injector, such as the actual injection quantity, injection timing, and injection duration of each cylinder, as well as the actual combustion situation of each cylinder.

[0083] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the invention, fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel injector, characterized in that, include: The monitoring module includes a first signal acquisition unit, a second signal acquisition unit, and a third signal acquisition unit. The first signal acquisition unit is used to acquire signals from the chamber and / or flow channel connected to the main injection high-pressure oil circuit of the injector. The second signal acquisition unit is used to acquire signals from the cylinder environment. The third signal acquisition unit is used to acquire the drive signal of the injector. The outgoing module has leads from the first signal collector, the second signal collector, and the third signal collector, which are used to connect to the signal receiver. The first signal collector and the second signal collector are located inside the injector, and the third signal collector is integrated with the output module and located on the top of the injector. The injector also includes a pilot valve, the pilot valve's drive lead connector being disposed on the output module; the third signal acquisition unit also includes an acquisition terminal, the acquisition terminal being connected to the pilot valve's drive lead connector, and the third signal acquisition unit's lead being connected to the acquisition terminal; The output module includes a base, and the third signal collector also includes a support. The support is fixedly connected to the base by a fastener to fix the acquisition terminal and the lead wire of the third signal collector to the base.

2. The injector as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The injector also includes a pressure accumulator, and the first signal acquisition device is embedded in the top of the pressure accumulator and communicates with the inside of the pressure accumulator.

3. The injector as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The injector also includes a body and an injector nozzle. The injector nozzle is fixedly connected to and sealed to the body by a first nut, and the accumulator chamber is fixedly connected to and sealed to the body by a second nut.

4. The injector as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The second signal collector is disposed on the side wall of the fuel injector or the first nut to communicate with the cylinder environment.

5. The injector as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The base has multiple mounting holes, and the leads of the first signal collector and the second signal collector are respectively led out from the corresponding mounting holes.

6. The injector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The first signal acquisition device is a high-frequency response pressure sensor, the second signal acquisition device is a cylinder pressure sensor, and the third signal acquisition device is a current sensor.

7. An internal combustion engine, characterized in that, It includes multiple cylinders, each cylinder corresponding to at least one injector as described in any one of claims 1-6, the injector nozzle of the injector injects fuel into the interior of the cylinder, and the second signal acquisition unit of the injector is in communication with the interior environment of the cylinder.

8. A method for monitoring fuel injectors, characterized in that, Using the injector as described in any one of claims 1-6, the monitoring method includes: A monitoring module is installed on the injector. The monitoring module can collect signals from the chamber and / or flow channel connected to the main injection high-pressure oil circuit of the injector to obtain a first signal, collect signals from the cylinder environment to obtain a second signal, and collect the driving signal of the injector to obtain a third signal. An output module is provided outside the injector, through which the first signal, the second signal, and the third signal are transmitted to a signal receiver.

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