An ultra-low temperature liquid air cross-season storage device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to an ultra-low temperature liquid air cross-season storage device and method, which includes: a tank body, including an inner tank and an outer tank; a filling layer is arranged between the inner tank and the outer tank; an evaporation condenser is arranged at an upper position inside the inner tank, and a first end of the evaporation condenser is connected to a temperature control device; a drainage device is arranged in the filling layer and located at the top of the tank body, and an input end of the drainage device is connected to a second end of the evaporation condenser. The present invention condenses the gaseous air at the upper part of the inner tank by consuming a small amount of cold energy of the liquid air at the lower part of the inner tank, so as to maintain the proportion of oxygen in the liquid air and improve the safety of the tank body; at the same time, the phase change material in the filling layer is used to store the cold energy of the gaseous air discharged from the inner tank, reduce the influence of the external environmental temperature fluctuation on the tank body, thereby reducing the daily dissipation rate of liquid air storage and increasing the power generation amount of liquid air. The present invention can be applied in the field of cross-season energy storage technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ultra-low temperature liquid air energy storage, and particularly to an ultra-low temperature liquid air cross-season storage device and method. Background Art

[0002] In order to address global climate change, countries around the world have successively introduced "zero carbon emissions" policies, the core of which is to vigorously develop renewable energy. However, renewable energy sources (such as wind energy, solar energy, etc.) are intermittent and volatile, resulting in a mismatch between energy supply and user demand, which limits the widespread application of renewable energy. Energy storage technology is a bridge connecting energy supply and user demand. It effectively solves the above problems by storing intermittent renewable energy and releasing stable energy according to user needs.

[0003] Ultra-low temperature liquid air energy storage, using liquid air as the energy storage medium, is one of the most promising large-scale grid energy storage technologies, with characteristics such as large energy storage density, atmospheric pressure storage, fast response speed, and environmental friendliness, and has attracted extensive attention in recent years.

[0004] The storage temperature of liquid air is extremely low (-196°C), with a large heat transfer temperature difference from the natural environment (20°C), resulting in obvious evaporation dissipation during the storage process of liquid air, with a daily evaporation rate of 0.4 - 0.8%. When storing renewable energy across seasons, for example, storing solar energy in summer for use in winter, the power generation of liquid air will be reduced by more than 50%, greatly restricting the economy of liquid air cross-season storage.

[0005] In addition, the boiling points of the components (N2, O2, Ar) of liquid air are different. During storage, due to external heat transfer, nitrogen evaporates first and accumulates in the upper part of the storage tank. At the same time, the oxygen concentration in the liquid air increases. As time goes by, the oxygen concentration in the liquid air increases to more than 23.5%, causing potential safety hazards and restricting the development of liquid air cross-season storage.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on the cross-season storage of liquid air storage tanks to improve the safety of liquid air storage and reduce the self-dissipation of liquid air, providing technical support for the cross-season storage of renewable energy. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultra-low temperature liquid air cross-season storage device and method. On the one hand, by consuming a small amount of liquid air to maintain the proportion of oxygen in the liquid air in the storage tank, the safety of liquid air storage is improved; on the other hand, the cold energy of the gaseous air discharged from the storage tank is recovered by using phase change materials, reducing the impact of external environmental temperature fluctuations on the storage tank and reducing the self-dissipation of liquid air storage.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A cryogenic liquid air seasonal storage device, which includes: a tank body, including an inner tank and an outer tank; a filling layer is arranged between the inner tank and the outer tank; an evaporation condenser is arranged at an upper position inside the inner tank, and a first end of the evaporation condenser is connected to a temperature control device; a drainage device is arranged in the filling layer, at the top of the tank body, and an input end of the drainage device is connected to a second end of the evaporation condenser; a one-way valve is connected to the bottom of the outer tank.

[0009] Further, the filling layer includes a heat insulation material layer and a porous phase change material layer; the heat insulation material layer is arranged on the outer side wall of the inner tank, and the porous phase change material layer is arranged between the heat insulation material layer and the outer tank; the drainage device is arranged in the porous phase change material layer.

[0010] Further, the temperature control device includes a throttle valve and a pressure gauge; one end of the throttle valve is connected to the first end of the evaporation condenser through a pipeline, and the other end of the throttle valve is connected to a pipeline of liquid air immersed in the inner tank; the pressure gauge is located outside the tank body, and the pressure gauge is communicated with the upper part of the inner tank through a pipeline, for transmitting the detected pressure in the inner tank to a control device located outside the tank body; the control device controls the opening and closing of the throttle valve according to the received pressure signal.

[0011] Further, the evaporation condenser includes fins, a shell, nozzles and a liquid air channel; the fins are arranged at the bottom outside the shell to improve the heat exchange efficiency; the liquid air channel is arranged at the top inside the shell, and the nozzles are arranged at intervals on the liquid air channel for spraying gas-liquid two-phase air; the right end of the liquid air channel is used as the first end of the evaporation condenser, and the left bottom end of the shell is used as the second end of the evaporation condenser.

[0012] Further, the evaporation condenser includes fins, a shell, a liquid air channel, a liquid absorption core and a steam inner cavity; the fins are arranged at the bottom outside the shell to improve the heat exchange efficiency; the liquid air channel is arranged at the top of the shell, a steam inner cavity is arranged inside the shell, and a liquid absorption core is arranged between the steam inner cavity and the shell; the right end of the liquid air channel is used as the first end of the evaporation condenser, and the left end of the liquid air channel is used as the second end of the evaporation condenser.

[0013] Further, the drainage device includes a drainage chamber and a diversion pipeline; the input end of the drainage chamber is connected to the second end of the evaporation condenser; a plurality of the diversion pipelines are provided, and the plurality of diversion pipelines are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the drainage chamber and are respectively connected to the output ends of the circumferential direction of the drainage chamber, and the plurality of diversion pipelines are arranged in the porous phase change material layer and extend from the top of the tank body to the bottom of the tank body.

[0014] Further, the drainage device includes a drainage chamber and a top spray structure; the input end of the drainage chamber is connected to the second end of the evaporation condenser; a plurality of the top spray structures are arranged at the top of the drainage chamber.

[0015] Further, the drainage device includes a drainage chamber and a cooling pipe; the input end of the drainage chamber is connected to the second end of the evaporation condenser; one end of the cooling pipe is connected to the output end of the drainage chamber, and the other end of the cooling pipe is wound around the heat insulation material layer of the filling layer to form a spiral structure, and the end of the other end is located at the bottom of the tank body.

[0016] A method for storing cryogenic liquid air across seasons implemented based on the above cryogenic liquid air cross-season storage device includes: due to the different boiling points of each component of the liquid air, nitrogen-rich air continuously accumulates in the upper part of the inner tank during the storage process, resulting in a gradual increase in the pressure of the tank body, and at the same time, the oxygen concentration in the liquid air increases; when the pressure value detected by the pressure gauge in the temperature control device reaches the set value, the throttle valve opens, and after the liquid air is depressurized and cooled through the throttle valve, it flows to the evaporation condenser to release cold energy, condensing the nitrogen-rich air in the upper part of the inner tank back, reducing the pressure of the tank body, and at the same time preventing the increase in the oxygen concentration in the liquid air; after the liquid air releases cold energy in the evaporation condenser, it becomes low-temperature gaseous air, and the low-temperature cold energy is transferred to the porous phase change material layer through the drainage device and then discharged through the one-way valve at the bottom of the tank body; when the pressure value detected by the pressure gauge in the control device is lower than the set value, the throttle valve closes.

[0017] A method for storing cryogenic liquid air across seasons implemented based on the above cryogenic liquid air cross-season storage device includes: during the storage process of the liquid air, on the one hand, the porous phase change material recovers the low-temperature cold energy of the stored gaseous air, maintaining a relatively low outer wall temperature of the inner tank and reducing the self-consumption caused by heat transfer due to temperature difference; on the other hand, the porous phase change material can absorb the ambient heat during the day and release the heat to the environment at night, reducing the self-consumption caused by the temperature fluctuation of the external environment.

[0018] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. By consuming a small amount of liquid air, the present invention condenses the nitrogen-rich air in the upper part of the storage tank, maintains the oxygen ratio of the liquid air in the storage tank, and effectively improves the safety of liquid air storage.

[0020] 2. The present invention utilizes a porous phase change material to recover the low-temperature cold energy of the gaseous air discharged from the storage tank, providing a low-temperature environment for the storage tank, greatly reducing the heat transfer due to temperature difference, and reducing the self-dissipation of liquid air.

[0021] 3. The porous phase change material adopted by the present invention can store the cold energy at night, eliminate the impact of the daytime ambient temperature on the liquid air storage tank, and reduce the self-dissipation of liquid air.

[0022] 4. The present invention provides a safe and reliable device and method for the cross-season storage of ultra-low temperature liquid air. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cross-season storage device for ultra-low temperature liquid air in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a first schematic structural diagram of the evaporation condenser in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a second schematic structural diagram of the evaporation condenser in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a first schematic structural diagram of the drainage device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a partial first schematic structural diagram of the drainage device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a second schematic structural diagram of the drainage device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a partial second schematic structural diagram of the drainage device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a third schematic structural diagram of the drainage device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 It is a partial third schematic structural diagram of the drainage device in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Among them, liquid air 1, inner tank 2, heat insulation material layer 3, phase change material layer 4, outer tank 5, throttle valve 6, evaporation condenser 7, fin 701, housing 702, nozzle 703, liquid air channel 704, liquid-absorbing core 705, steam inner cavity 706, regulating valve 8, drainage device 9, drainage chamber 901, shunt pipeline 902, top spray structure 903, cooling pipe 904, support frame 10, pressure gauge 11, check valve 12. Detailed Embodiment

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0035] A cryogenic liquid air seasonal storage device and method provided by the present invention. The device includes: a tank body, including an inner tank and an outer tank; a filling layer is arranged between the inner tank and the outer tank; an evaporation condenser is arranged at an upper position inside the inner tank, and a first end of the evaporation condenser is connected to a temperature control device; a drainage device is arranged in the filling layer and at the top of the tank body, and an input end of the drainage device is connected to a second end of the evaporation condenser.

[0036] The present invention condenses the nitrogen-rich air at the upper part of the storage tank by consuming a small amount of liquid air, maintains the oxygen ratio of the liquid air in the storage tank, and effectively improves the safety of liquid air storage; in addition, the low-temperature cold energy of the gaseous air discharged from the storage tank is recovered by using a porous phase change material to provide a low-temperature environment for the storage tank, greatly reducing the heat transfer due to temperature difference and reducing the self-dissipation of liquid air. Based on this, the present invention effectively controls the component ratio of liquid air on the one hand and improves the power generation of liquid air on the other hand, thereby enhancing the safety and economy of seasonal storage.

[0037] In an embodiment of the present invention, a cryogenic liquid air seasonal storage device is provided. In this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the device includes:

[0038] A tank body, including an inner tank 2 and an outer tank 5; a filling layer is arranged between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 5, and liquid air 1 is stored in the inner tank 2;

[0039] An evaporation condenser 7 is arranged at the upper part inside the inner tank 2 and in the gas phase region of the liquid air 1, and a first end of the evaporation condenser 7 is connected to a temperature control device;

[0040] A drainage device 9 is arranged in the filling layer and at the top of the tank body, and an input end of the drainage device 9 is connected to a second end of the evaporation condenser 7.

[0041] In the above embodiments, the filling layer includes a heat insulation material layer 3 and a porous phase change material layer 4. The heat insulation material layer 3 is disposed on the outer sidewall of the inner tank 2, and the porous phase change material layer 4 is disposed between the heat insulation material layer 3 and the outer tank 5. The drainage device 9 is disposed within the porous phase change material layer 4.

[0042] In the above embodiments, the temperature control device includes a throttle valve 6 and a pressure gauge 11. One end of the throttle valve 6 is connected to the first end of the evaporation condenser 7 through a pipeline, and the other end of the throttle valve 6 is connected to a pipeline immersed in the liquid phase region of the liquid air 1 in the inner tank 2. The pressure gauge 11 is located outside the tank body, and the pressure gauge 11 is communicated with the upper part of the inner tank 2 through a pipeline for transmitting the detected pressure in the inner tank 2 to a control device located outside the tank body; the control device controls the opening and closing of the throttle valve 6 according to the received pressure signal.

[0043] In the above embodiments, the evaporation condenser 7 can adopt one of the following structures:

[0044] The first structure is as Figure 2 shown. The evaporation condenser 7 includes fins 701, a housing 702, a nozzle 703, and a liquid air channel 704. The fins 701 are disposed at the outer bottom of the housing 702 to improve the heat exchange efficiency. The liquid air channel 704 is disposed at the inner top of the housing 702, and the nozzles 703 are spaced on the liquid air channel 704 for ejecting gas-liquid two-phase air.

[0045] Among them, the right end of the liquid air channel 704 serves as the first end of the evaporation condenser 7, and the left bottom end of the housing 702 serves as the second end of the evaporation condenser 7.

[0046] The second structure is as Figure 3 shown. The evaporation condenser 7 includes fins 701, a housing 702, a liquid air channel 704, a wick 705, and a steam inner cavity 706. The fins 701 are disposed at the outer bottom of the housing 702 to improve the heat exchange efficiency. The liquid air channel 704 is disposed at the inner top of the housing 702, a steam inner cavity 706 is disposed within the housing 702, and a wick 705 is disposed between the steam inner cavity 706 and the housing 702.

[0047] Among them, the right end of the liquid air channel 704 serves as the first end of the evaporation condenser 7, and the left end of the liquid air channel 704 serves as the second end of the evaporation condenser 7.

[0048] In the above embodiments, a regulating valve 8 is disposed on the pipeline at the input end of the drainage device 9. The regulating valve 8 is controlled to be opened and closed by a control device located outside the tank body.

[0049] In the above embodiments, the drainage device 9 can adopt one of the following structures:

[0050] The first structure, as Figure 4 , Figure 5 shown, the drainage device 9 includes a drainage chamber 901 and a diversion pipeline 902. The input end of the drainage chamber 901 is connected to the second end of the evaporation condenser 7. A plurality of diversion pipelines 902 are provided, and the plurality of diversion pipelines 902 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the drainage chamber 901, and are respectively connected to the output ends in the circumferential direction of the drainage chamber 901, and the plurality of diversion pipelines 902 are arranged in the porous phase change material layer 4 and extend from the top of the tank body to the bottom of the tank body.

[0051] The second structure, as Figure 6 , Figure 7 shown, the drainage device 9 includes a drainage chamber 901 and a top spray structure 903. The input end of the drainage chamber 901 is connected to the second end of the evaporation condenser 7. A plurality of top spray structures 903 are provided at the top of the drainage chamber 901.

[0052] The third structure, as Figure 8 , Figure 9 shown, the drainage device 9 includes a drainage chamber 901 and a cooling pipe 904. The input end of the drainage chamber 901 is connected to the second end of the evaporation condenser 7. One end of the cooling pipe 904 is connected to the output end of the drainage chamber 901, and the other end of the cooling pipe 904 is wound around the heat insulation material layer 3 of the filling layer to form a spiral structure, and the end of the other end is located at the bottom of the tank body.

[0053] In the above embodiments, a one-way valve 12 communicating with the outer tank 5 is provided at the bottom of the tank body.

[0054] In the above embodiments, a support frame 10 connected to the inner wall surface of the inner tank 2 is provided at the upper part of the inner tank 2, and the evaporation condenser 7 is arranged on the support frame 10 and is installed in the inner tank 2 through the support frame 10.

[0055] In the above embodiments, on the one hand, the porous phase change material layer 4 of the present invention can recover and store the cold energy after the evaporation of the liquid air inside the tank body, reduce the daily evaporation rate, and at the same time can also store the cold energy outside the tank body such as at night, and eliminate the thermal shock of the ambient temperature during the day on the tank body.

[0056] In summary, the present invention can effectively improve the safety and economy of liquid air storage, realize cross-season storage, and has a wide range of application scenarios, especially having special advantages in the fields of renewable energy consumption, power grid peak regulation and frequency modulation, black start, distributed energy, microgrid and integrated energy services.

[0057] In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for cross-season storage of ultra-low temperature liquid air is provided, and this method is realized based on the ultra-low temperature liquid air cross-season storage device in the above embodiments. Specifically, this method includes the following steps:

[0058] Due to the different boiling points of the components (N2, O2, Ar) in liquid air, nitrogen-rich air continuously accumulates in the upper part of the inner tank 2 during storage, resulting in a gradual increase in the tank pressure. At the same time, the oxygen concentration in the liquid air increases;

[0059] 1) When the pressure value detected by the pressure gauge 11 in the temperature control device reaches the set value, the throttle valve 6 opens. After the liquid air 1 is depressurized and cooled through the throttle valve 6, it flows to the evaporation condenser 7 to release cold energy, condensing the nitrogen-rich air in the upper part of the inner tank 2 back, reducing the tank pressure, and at the same time preventing the increase in the oxygen concentration in the liquid air;

[0060] 2) After the liquid air releases cold energy in the evaporation condenser 7, it becomes low-temperature gaseous air. The low-temperature cold energy is transferred to the porous phase change material layer 4 through the diversion device 9, and then discharged through the one-way valve 12 at the bottom of the tank;

[0061] 3) The above process continues. When the pressure value detected by the pressure gauge 11 in the control device is lower than the set value, the throttle valve 6 closes and the exhaust stops.

[0062] In the above embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, when the evaporation condenser 7 adopts the first structure: the liquid air (gas-liquid two-phase state) after throttling, depressurizing, and cooling enters the liquid air channel 704, and is sprayed and impacted on the lower side of the housing 702 through the nozzle 703 to strengthen heat transfer. Further, the cold energy is transferred to the nitrogen-rich air accumulated in the upper part of the inner tank 2 through the fins 701 on the outer side of the housing 702, condensing it into a liquid and falling back into the lower liquid phase region of the inner tank 2; after the liquid air releases cold energy, it becomes low-temperature gaseous air and is discharged from the left side of the housing 702.

[0063] As Figure 3 shown, when the evaporation condenser 7 adopts the second structure: the liquid air (gas-liquid two-phase state) after throttling, depressurizing, and cooling enters the liquid air channel 704; the circulating working fluid in the steam inner cavity 706 with a capillary structure absorbs the heat of the nitrogen-rich air accumulated in the upper part of the inner tank 2 and starts to evaporate, quickly filling the entire steam inner cavity 706; after the housing 702 absorbs the cold energy of the liquid air in the liquid air channel 704, it condenses the evaporated circulating working fluid in the steam inner cavity 706 and returns it to the bottom of the steam inner cavity 706 through the capillary structure of the liquid absorption core 705, running in a cycle and continuously condensing the nitrogen-rich air back; after the liquid air releases cold energy, it becomes low-temperature gaseous air and is discharged from the left side of the housing 702.

[0064] In the above embodiment, as Figure 4 、 Figure 5As shown, when the drainage device 9 adopts the first structure, the low-temperature gaseous air after evaporation and cold release enters the drainage chamber 901 through the regulating valve 8, and after being shunted by the shunt pipeline 902, it flows through the porous phase change material layer 4, storing the cold energy in the porous phase change material layer 4. In order to reduce the diffusion resistance, a number of small holes are provided on the shunt pipeline 902, and part of the gaseous air can enter the porous phase change material 4 through the small holes.

[0065] As Figure 6 , Figure 7 shown, when the drainage device 9 adopts the second structure, the low-temperature gaseous air after evaporation and cold release enters the drainage chamber 901 through the regulating valve 8, and is sprayed out through the top spray structure 903, flowing through the porous phase change material 4, storing the cold energy in the porous phase change material layer 4. At this time, the gaseous air is in direct contact with the porous phase change material.

[0066] As Figure 8 , Figure 9 shown, when the drainage device 9 adopts the third structure, the low-temperature gaseous air after evaporation and cold release enters the drainage chamber 901 through the regulating valve 8, and the cold energy is transferred and stored in the porous phase change material layer 4 through the spiral cooling pipe 904. A number of small holes can also be provided on the cooling pipe 904.

[0067] The method provided in this embodiment is implemented based on the above device embodiments. For the specific process and detailed content, please refer to the above embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. And these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-low temperature liquid air seasonal storage device, characterized in that, Comprising: A tank body, including an inner tank (2) and an outer tank (5); a filling layer is arranged between the inner tank (2) and the outer tank (5); An evaporation condenser (7), arranged at an upper position inside the inner tank (2), and a first end of the evaporation condenser (7) is connected to a temperature control device; A drainage device (9), arranged in the filling layer, at the top of the tank body, and an input end of the drainage device (9) is connected to a second end of the evaporation condenser (7); A check valve (12), connected to the bottom of the outer tank (5); The filling layer includes a heat insulation material layer (3) and a porous phase change material layer (4); The heat insulation material layer (3) is arranged on the outer side wall of the inner tank (2), and the porous phase change material layer (4) is arranged between the heat insulation material layer (3) and the outer tank (5); The drainage device (9) is arranged in the porous phase change material layer (4); The temperature control device includes a throttle valve (6) and a pressure gauge (11); One end of the throttle valve (6) is connected to the first end of the evaporation condenser (7) through a pipeline, and the other end of the throttle valve (6) is connected to a pipeline of liquid air (1) immersed in the inner tank (2); The pressure gauge (11) is located outside the tank body, and the pressure gauge (11) is communicated with the upper part of the inner tank (2) through a pipeline, for transmitting the detected pressure in the inner tank (2) to a control device located outside the tank body; the control device controls the opening and closing of the throttle valve (6) according to the received pressure signal; The evaporation condenser (7) includes fins (701), a housing (702), a liquid air channel (704), a wick (705) and a steam inner cavity (706); The fins (701) are arranged at the outer bottom of the housing (702) to improve the heat exchange efficiency; The liquid air channel (704) is arranged at the top of the housing (702), a steam inner cavity (706) is arranged in the housing (702), and a wick (705) is arranged between the steam inner cavity (706) and the housing (702); The right end of the liquid air channel (704) is used as the first end of the evaporation condenser (7), and the left end of the liquid air channel (704) is used as the second end of the evaporation condenser (7); The drainage device (9) includes a drainage chamber (901) and a diversion pipeline (902); An input end of the drainage chamber (901) is connected to the second end of the evaporation condenser (7); The diversion pipelines (902) are arranged in multiple numbers, and the multiple diversion pipelines (902) are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the drainage chamber (901), and are respectively connected to the output ends in the circumferential direction of the drainage chamber (901), and the multiple diversion pipelines (902) are arranged in the porous phase change material layer (4), and extend from the top of the tank body to the bottom of the tank body.

2. A cryogenic liquid air seasonal storage method implemented based on the cryogenic liquid air seasonal storage device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Comprising: Liquid Due to the different boiling points of the components of air, nitrogen-rich air continuously accumulates in the upper part of the inner tank (2) during storage, resulting in a gradual increase in the pressure of the tank body, and at the same time, the oxygen concentration in the liquid air increases; When the pressure value detected by the pressure gauge (11) in the temperature control device reaches the set value, the throttle valve (6) opens. After the liquid air (1) passes through the throttle valve (6) to reduce pressure and temperature, it flows to the evaporation condenser (7) to release cold energy, condensing the nitrogen-rich air in the upper part of the inner tank (2) back, reducing the pressure of the tank body, and at the same time preventing the increase in the oxygen concentration in the liquid air; after the liquid air releases cold energy in the evaporation condenser (7), it becomes low-temperature gaseous air, and the low-temperature cold energy is transferred to the porous phase change material layer (4) through the diversion device (9), and then is discharged through the one-way valve (12) at the bottom of the tank body; When the pressure value detected by the pressure gauge (11) in the temperature control device is lower than the set value, the throttle valve (6) closes.

3. The cryogenic liquid air cross-season storage method according to claim 2, wherein: During the storage process of liquid air, on the one hand, the porous phase change material layer (4) recovers and stores the low-temperature cold energy of the gaseous air, maintaining a relatively low outer wall temperature of the inner tank (2) and reducing the self-dissipation caused by heat transfer due to temperature difference; on the other hand, the porous phase change material layer (4) absorbs the ambient heat during the day and releases the heat to the environment at night, reducing the self-dissipation caused by the temperature fluctuation of the external environment.

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