Supercritical anhydrous dyeing kettle, dyeing system and dyeing method

Abstract

A supercritical waterless dyeing kettle comprises a kettle body, a feed pipe, a discharge pipe, and an insulation jacket unit disposed on the kettle body, wherein the insulation jacket unit comprises a jacket disposed on the outside of the kettle body and sealedly connected to the outer wall of the kettle body, an air inlet pipe disposed on one end of the jacket body, an air outlet pipe disposed on the other end of the jacket body, a control valve disposed on the air inlet pipe, and an insulation adjustment member disposed between the inner wall of the jacket body and the outer wall of the kettle body. The present invention, through the provision of the insulation jacket unit, not only has a preheating effect on the dye, thereby improving the uniformity and stability of dyeing within the kettle body, improving dyeing efficiency, and enhancing dyeing quality, but also can flexibly switch the heating or insulation effect of the kettle body according to process requirements, effectively avoiding waste of resources and achieving the goals of energy conservation, emission reduction, and green environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of printing and dyeing equipment, and particularly relates to a supercritical anhydrous dyeing kettle, a dyeing system and a dyeing method. Background Art

[0002] In traditional dyeing processes, water is typically used as the primary medium. Large amounts of dyes, surfactants, and other chemicals can negatively impact environmental sustainability. Furthermore, wastewater discharge from dyeing requires treatment, including neutralization and sedimentation, which requires significant manpower and resources. In recent years, severe water shortages have plagued much of my country, and issues like wastewater discharge have severely hampered the further development of the dyeing and finishing industry. Therefore, preventing pollution and developing green and efficient dyeing processes are crucial for the future of dyeing and finishing.

[0003] Supercritical CO2 waterless dyeing is highly sought after due to its high efficiency, pollution-free operation, and short dyeing time. This technology uses supercritical CO2 as the dyeing medium. When the CO2 is heated to temperatures exceeding 31°C and pressures exceeding 73 MPa, it transforms into a supercritical state, a state neither gas nor liquid. A circulating pump then pumps the CO2 back and forth between dye tanks, where it delivers the dissolved dye to the fiber pores, evenly and quickly dyeing the fabric. The entire process eliminates the need for cleaning or drying. Those skilled in the art are diligently developing this new, energy-efficient, and widely applicable green dyeing and finishing equipment, aiming to industrialize and commercialize it.

[0004] Existing supercritical CO2 dyeing processes are only semi-continuous, and the dyeing kettle lacks insulation, resulting in significant heat loss during the process. Authorization Announcement No. CN212000222U discloses a supercritical CO2 anhydrous cheese dyeing kettle, which includes a lid, inner and outer walls. The outer wall is connected to a steam inlet, which is connected to an external steam pipeline. This heats the inner wall and accelerates pigment mixing.

[0005] However, the problem with this device is that neither the critical temperature required for supercritical CO2 nor the heating temperature required for the internal dye requires continuous water vapor for heating, which wastes resources. The device that uses electric heating temperature control has the problem of unstable heating and the high cost of electronic control components, which is not conducive to the development of industrialization. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a supercritical anhydrous dyeing kettle. Through the setting of the insulation jacket unit, it not only has a preheating effect on the dye, thereby improving the uniformity and stability of dyeing in the kettle body, improving the dyeing efficiency and improving the dyeing quality, but also can flexibly switch the heating or insulation effect of the kettle body according to the process requirements, effectively avoiding the waste of resources and achieving the purpose of energy saving, emission reduction and green environmental protection.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A supercritical waterless dyeing kettle comprises a kettle body, a feed pipe, a discharge pipe, and a heat-insulating sleeve unit arranged on the kettle body. The heat-insulating sleeve unit comprises a sleeve body arranged on the outside of the kettle body and sealedly connected to the outer wall of the kettle body, an air inlet pipe arranged on one end of the sleeve body, an air outlet pipe arranged on the other end of the sleeve body, a control valve arranged on the air inlet pipe, and a heat-insulating regulating member arranged between the inner wall of the sleeve body and the outer wall of the kettle body.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thermal insulation regulating member includes a thermal insulation body filled between the inner wall of the sleeve and the outer wall of the kettle body.

[0010] As a further preference of the present invention, the thermal insulation adjustment part also includes a pressure plate arranged at the upper end of the thermal insulation body, an adjustment rope arranged in the thermal insulation body and passing through the upper and lower ends of the thermal insulation body, and an opening arranged at the lower end of the sleeve, one end of the adjustment rope is connected to the pressure plate, and the other end passes through the opening and extends to the outside of the lower end of the sleeve.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat-insulating body is a compressible material with heat-insulating effect.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat-insulating body is one of a foamed plastic polymer or a mixture of foamed plastic polymers.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat-insulating adjustment member further includes a limiting plate provided on the end portion of the adjustment rope extending to the outer side of the lower end of the sleeve.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat-insulating adjustment member further includes a threaded column arranged on a side of the adjustment rope close to the pressure plate, and a fixing nut arranged at the opening and used to fix the threaded column.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the insulation jacket unit further includes a heating jacket arranged at the feed pipe and sleeved with the feed pipe, and a secondary air inlet pipe and a secondary air outlet pipe respectively arranged on both sides of the heating jacket; the heating jacket is also connected to the air inlet pipe.

[0016] The present invention also provides a supercritical anhydrous dyeing system, comprising the above-mentioned supercritical anhydrous dyeing kettle.

[0017] The present invention also provides a supercritical waterless dyeing method, which uses the supercritical waterless dyeing system to dye incoming materials.

[0018] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The supercritical waterless dyeing kettle provided by the present invention has a preheating effect on the dye before entering the kettle body, which can ensure the stability and mixing effect of the dye entering the kettle body, thereby improving the uniformity and stability of dyeing in the kettle body, improving the dyeing efficiency, and improving the dyeing quality.

[0020] The supercritical waterless dyeing kettle provided by the present invention can switch the heating or insulation effect of the kettle body. In the dyeing process flow where the external environment of the device is stable and high, the preheated dye temperature is sufficient, or the dyeing time is short, the switch valve can be controlled to control the insulation / heating state of the casing, thereby ensuring the stability inside the kettle body. In addition, the dynamic adjustment mode can avoid waste of resources, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving, emission reduction, and green environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Attachment Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Attachment Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dyeing kettle of the present invention.

[0023] Attachment Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the thermal insulation cover unit of the present invention.

[0024] Attachment Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the insulation sleeve unit at the feed pipe of the present invention.

[0025] Attachment Figure 5 This is a working schematic diagram of the thermal insulation regulating component of the present invention.

[0026] Attachment Figure 6 This is a working schematic diagram of the thermal insulation regulating member of the present invention.

[0027] Description of the drawings: support frame 10, kettle body 11, kettle cover 11a, kettle wall 11b, transmission shaft 11c, feed pipe 12, discharge pipe 13, insulation sleeve unit 1, sleeve body 101, air inlet pipe 102, air outlet pipe 103, control valve 104, insulation adjustment part 105, insulation body 105a, pressure plate 105b, adjustment rope 105c, opening 105d, limit plate 105e, threaded column 105f, fixing nut 105g, heating sleeve 106, secondary air inlet pipe 107, secondary air outlet pipe 108. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example

[0028] This embodiment provides a supercritical anhydrous dyeing kettle, as shown in the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, it includes a support frame 10, a kettle body 11, a feed pipe 12, a discharge pipe 13 and a heat preservation cover unit 1 arranged on the kettle body 11. Figure 2 As shown, the kettle body 11 is composed of a lid 11a and a wall 11b connected together. A drive shaft 11c is provided at the upper end of the lid 11a and extends into the wall 11b to improve dyeing and mixing. The feed pipe 12 is connected to external equipment (dye tank) to deliver a dye solution composed of supercritical carbon dioxide and dye into the kettle body 11. The discharge pipe 13 is used to discharge residual dye from processing and is connected to external equipment (collection tank and separation device) to collect, purify, and dry the residual dye, thereby achieving dye recycling, reducing waste generation, and achieving green, environmentally friendly, and clean production goals.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the thermal insulation unit 1 provided in this embodiment is very different from the existing structure. Figure 3 and attached Figure 4 As shown, it includes: a sleeve 101 arranged on the outside of the kettle body 11 and sealed with the outer wall of the kettle body 11, an air inlet pipe 102 arranged on one side end of the sleeve 101, an air outlet pipe 103 arranged on the other side end of the sleeve 101, a control valve 104 arranged on the air inlet pipe 102, a heat preservation regulating member 105 arranged between the inner wall of the sleeve 101 and the outer wall of the kettle body 11, a heating jacket 106 arranged at the feed pipe 12 and sleeved with the feed pipe 12, a secondary air inlet pipe 107 and a secondary air outlet pipe 108 respectively arranged on both sides of the heating jacket 106; the heating jacket 106 is also connected to the air inlet pipe 102.

[0030] The height of the sleeve 101 is equivalent to the height of the kettle wall 11b of the kettle body 11, and is used to keep the dyeing part of the kettle body 11 warm. The upper and lower ends of the sleeve 101 should be sealed with the outer wall of the kettle body 11 to reduce heat loss. The heating sleeve 106 is sleeved on the outer end of the feed pipe 12 near the kettle cover 11a, and its two ends should also be sealed to reduce heat loss. The heating sleeve 106 is respectively provided with an air inlet pipe 102, a secondary air inlet pipe 107, and a secondary air outlet pipe 108. The secondary air inlet pipe 107 is connected to an external device (steam pipe). Therefore, the insulation sleeve unit 1 of this embodiment has two modes: the first is the kettle body heating and heat preservation mode, in which the control valve 104 is opened and steam enters from the secondary air inlet pipe 107. After flowing through the entire heating jacket 106, the steam enters the jacket body 101 along the air inlet pipe 102. The steam introduced heats and keeps the kettle body 11 warm, promoting sufficient mixing and dyeing of the internal dye. The second mode is the kettle body insulation mode. The control valve 104 is closed, and the steam enters from the secondary air inlet pipe 107. After flowing through the entire heating jacket 106, it is discharged and recovered along the secondary air outlet pipe 108. The dye is preheated by the steam before entering the kettle body 11 to ensure that the dye entering the kettle body 11 remains in a uniform and stable state, thereby ensuring the quality of dyeing.

[0031] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of this device include at least the following: First, it has a preheating effect on the dye before entering the kettle body, which can ensure the stability and mixing effect of the dye entering the kettle body, thereby improving the uniformity and stability of dyeing in the kettle body, improving the dyeing efficiency, and improving the dyeing quality; Second, it can switch the heating or insulation effect of the kettle body. In the dyeing process flow where the external environment of the device is stable and high, the preheated dye temperature is sufficient, or the dyeing time is short, the switch valve can be controlled to control the insulation / heating state of the sleeve 11, thereby ensuring the stability inside the kettle body, and the dynamic adjustment mode can avoid waste of resources, achieving the purpose of energy saving, emission reduction, and green environmental protection.

[0032] In this embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 5 and attached Figure 6As shown, the heat-insulating regulating member 105 includes a heat-insulating body 105a filled between the inner wall of the casing 101 and the outer wall of the kettle body 11, a pressure plate 105b provided at the upper end of the heat-insulating body 105a, an adjusting rope 105c provided in the heat-insulating body 105a and passing through the upper and lower ends of the heat-insulating body 105a, and an opening 105d provided at the lower end of the casing 101. One end of the adjusting rope 105c is connected to the pressure plate 105b, and the other end passes through the opening 105d and extends to the outer side of the lower end of the casing 101. The heat-insulating body 105a is a compressible material with a heat-insulating effect, and can be a foamed plastic polymer or a mixture of foamed plastic polymers, such as sponge; the pressure plate 105b is sealed and connected to the inner wall of the casing 101, thereby isolating the heat-insulating body 105a at the lower end.

[0033] Therefore, the thermal insulation adjustment member 105 of this embodiment has two modes: the first is the kettle body heating and insulation mode, in which the adjustment rope 105c at the lower end of the kettle body 11 is pulled, thereby pulling the pressure plate 105b downward to compress the insulation body 105a until the insulation body 105a is compressed to the minimum value. At this time, the heating gas enters the cavity between the inner wall of the sleeve 101 and the outer wall of the kettle body 11 through the air inlet pipe 102, and is output along the air outlet pipe 103. The circulating heating gas heats the kettle body 11; the second is the kettle body insulation mode, in which the control valve 104 is closed. At this time, the pressure plate 105b is at the highest point and abuts against the upper end of the inner wall of the kettle body 11. The entire insulation body 105a completely fills the cavity between the inner wall of the sleeve 101 and the outer wall of the kettle body 11, and is used to insulate the kettle body 11.

[0034] The present embodiment is provided with a heat preservation regulating part, which has the advantages over the prior art in that the heating / heat preservation mode can be flexibly switched according to the scene in which the kettle is located. For example, in summer, the external temperature generally reaches above the critical temperature. At this time, the kettle does not need to be continuously heated by the heating gas. The dye with the initial temperature enters the kettle, and the switch valve is closed to relax the entire heat preservation body to insulate the kettle and reduce heat loss. In winter, the external temperature is significantly lower than the critical value. At this time, the heat preservation body needs to be compressed and the switch valve is opened to allow the heating gas to quickly fill the cavity between the inner wall of the sleeve and the outer wall of the kettle. The kettle is continuously heated to maintain the printing and dyeing temperature of the kettle above the critical value, thereby ensuring the uniformity and stability of dyeing.

[0035] In this embodiment, the thermal insulation adjustment member 105 further includes a stop plate 105e disposed on the end of the adjustment rope 105c extending to the outside of the lower end of the casing 101, a threaded post 105f disposed on the side of the adjustment rope 105c proximate to the pressure plate 105b, and a fixing nut 105g disposed at the opening 105d and used to secure the threaded post 105f. The stop plate 105e is used to prevent the end of the adjustment rope 105c from retracting into the casing 101, and the threaded post 105f is used to threadably connect with the fixing nut 105g at the lower end of the kettle body, thereby facilitating the securing of the compressed thermal insulation body 105a and preventing it from rebounding.

[0036] This embodiment further provides a supercritical waterless dyeing system and dyeing method comprising the above-mentioned supercritical waterless dyeing kettle. During dyeing, liquid carbon dioxide flows from the carbon dioxide storage tank through a pressurizing unit and a heating unit, sequentially entering the dye tank to mix with the dye. The mixed dye is then fed into an auxiliary agent tank to mix with the auxiliary agent, and then fed into the supercritical waterless dyeing kettle via a feed pump. The operating principle of the supercritical waterless dyeing kettle has been described above. The pressurizing unit simply pressurizes the carbon dioxide to above 16 MPa, the heating unit heats the carbon dioxide to above 40°C, and the auxiliary agent tank contains anhydrous ethanol as an auxiliary agent to achieve a more uniform dyeing. The pressurizing unit, heating unit, dye tank, and auxiliary agent tank are all prior art and will not be further described in this embodiment. After the dyeing is completed, the remaining dye is discharged from the supercritical waterless dyeing kettle into a collection tank, where the supercritical carbon dioxide is further separated from the dye and auxiliary agent by a decompression separation device. The dye and auxiliary agent are then separated by extraction. The carbon dioxide, dye, and auxiliary agent are then purified and dried separately before being recycled to the raw material bin. The above-mentioned decompression separation device, extraction method, purification and drying method are all commonly used equipment and technologies in this field, so they are not described in detail in this embodiment.

[0037] The supercritical waterless dyeing kettle and dyeing method of this embodiment improve efficiency by at least 18% and reduce costs by approximately 20% compared to existing processes. The present invention enables green, clean production, recycling, high-yield, and low-cost printing and dyeing of cashmere, wool, and synthetic fibers using supercritical carbon dioxide, improving fabric dyeing uniformity and enhancing plant color fastness, reaching up to level five.

[0038] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention. Persons skilled in the art may make various modifications, additions, or substitutions to the described specific embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention or exceeding the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A supercritical anhydrous dyeing kettle, comprising a kettle body (11), a feed pipe (12), and a discharge pipe (13), characterized in that: The invention also includes a heat-insulating sleeve unit (1) provided on the kettle body (11), the heat-insulating sleeve unit (1) including a sleeve (101) provided on the outside of the kettle body (11) and sealed to the outer wall of the kettle body (11), an air inlet pipe (102) provided on one end of the sleeve (101), an air outlet pipe (103) provided on the other end of the sleeve (101), a control valve (104) provided on the air inlet pipe (102), and a heat-insulating regulating member (105) provided between the inner wall of the sleeve (101) and the outer wall of the kettle body (11); The heat-insulating regulating member (105) comprises a heat-insulating body (105a) filled between the inner wall of the sleeve (101) and the outer wall of the kettle body (11), a pressing plate (105b) arranged at the upper end of the heat-insulating body (105a), an regulating rope (105c) arranged in the heat-insulating body (105a) and passing through the upper and lower ends of the heat-insulating body (105a), and an opening (105d) arranged at the lower end of the sleeve (101), wherein one end of the regulating rope (105c) is connected to the pressing plate (105b), and the other end passes through the opening (105d) and extends to the outer side of the lower end of the sleeve (101).

2. A supercritical anhydrous dyeing kettle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-insulating body (105a) is a compressible material having a heat-insulating effect.

3. A supercritical anhydrous dyeing kettle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-insulating body (105a) is one of a foamed plastic polymer or a mixture of foamed plastic polymers.

4. A supercritical anhydrous dyeing kettle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-insulating regulating member (105) further comprises a limiting plate (105e) provided on the end portion of the regulating rope (105c) extending to the outside of the lower end of the sleeve (101).

5. A supercritical anhydrous dyeing kettle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-insulating regulating member (105) further comprises a threaded column (105f) arranged on a side of the regulating rope (105c) close to the pressing plate (105b), and a fixing nut (105g) arranged at the opening (105d) and used for fixing the threaded column (105f).

6. A supercritical anhydrous dyeing kettle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-insulating jacket unit (1) further comprises a heating jacket (106) arranged at the feed pipe (12) and sleeved with the feed pipe (12), a secondary air inlet pipe (107) and a secondary air outlet pipe (108) respectively arranged on both sides of the heating jacket (106); the heating jacket (106) is also connected to the air inlet pipe (102).

7. A supercritical anhydrous dyeing system, characterized in that: The invention comprises any one of the supercritical anhydrous dyeing kettles as described in claims 1 to 6.

8. A supercritical waterless dyeing method, using the dyeing system according to claim 7 to dye incoming materials.

Images