Moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board, preparation method thereof and moisture-proof and heat-insulating board

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of thermal insulation materials technology, and particularly to a moisture-proof and thermal insulation composite board, its preparation method, and a moisture-proof and thermal insulation board A. The composite board comprises a polyolefin foam material layer and a fiber cloth layer. The polyolefin foam material layer is prepared by foaming a polyolefin composition, which, by mass, comprises 100 parts of polyolefin, 5-20 parts of maleic anhydride-modified polyolefin, and 2-10 parts of polyether polyol compound. The moisture-proof and thermal insulation composite board has low VOCs and excellent bonding strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal insulation materials, and in particular to a moisture-proof thermal insulation composite board, a preparation method thereof and a moisture-proof thermal insulation board armor. Background Art

[0002] Insulation board refers to the board used for heat preservation, while moisture-proof insulation board is a board that can both keep warm and prevent moisture. Insulation board is not only used in construction, but also in cold storage and other fields.

[0003] The current insulation board is mainly polystyrene insulation board. Polystyrene insulation board is a rigid foam plastic board made of polystyrene resin as raw material, other raw materials and polymers, which are heated and mixed while injecting catalysts, and then extruded and pressed into shape. Polyurethane insulation board is a composite board with rigid polyurethane foam plastic as core material and covered with some decorative surface layer on both sides or one side.

[0004] In the preparation process of polystyrene insulation board, both raw materials and semi-finished products contain a large amount of harmful volatile substances, and the prepared insulation board has a high VOC content. These are not in line with the concept of environmental protection. At the same time, during the use of the insulation board, due to its own structural reasons, the bonding strength with the substrate interface is low, affecting the use effect and service life.

[0005] Therefore, in view of the environmental protection problems faced by the current insulation boards and the problem of low bonding strength during use that affects their use, it is necessary to develop a new moisture-proof insulation board. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems existing in the current insulation board and moisture-proof insulation board, and to provide an environmentally friendly moisture-proof insulation composite board. The moisture-proof insulation composite board provided in this case has high peel strength and adjustable tensile strength, and has good moisture-proof insulation effect. In addition, the product can adjust the foaming material hardness and the tensile strength of the foaming material layer by adjusting the foaming ratio of the foaming material layer, thereby changing the overall performance of the moisture-proof insulation board. This moisture-proof insulation board has high weldability and welding strength, and is easy to construct.

[0007] At the same time, this case also provides a method for preparing the moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board, and provides a moisture-proof and heat-insulating board armor using the moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board.

[0008] Specifically, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] First, a moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board is provided, comprising a polyolefin foam material layer and a fiber cloth layer, wherein the polyolefin foam material used in the polyolefin foam material layer is prepared by foaming a polyolefin composition, and the polyolefin composition comprises, by mass, 100 parts of polyolefin, 5 to 20 parts of maleic anhydride-modified polyolefin and 2 to 10 parts of polyether polyol compounds.

[0010] Through in-depth research, the inventors found that the purpose of the present invention can be achieved by providing a fiber cloth layer in combination with a polyolefin foam material and adjusting the combination and proportion of the polyolefin foam material layer.

[0011] The polyolefin used in the present invention is preferably polyethylene and polypropylene from the perspective of industrial availability. The polyethylene may be linear low-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, or ethylene-octene multi-block copolymers, and the polypropylene may be homopolymerized polypropylene, random copolymerized polypropylene, block copolymerized polypropylene, and propylene elastomer.

[0012] The maleic anhydride modified polyolefin of the present invention is not particularly limited, and maleic anhydride modified polyethylene or maleic anhydride modified polypropylene is generally selected. The preparation method of the maleic anhydride modified polyolefin is not particularly limited, and a solution method, a melting method, a radiation method and a solid phase method can be selected, and the maleic anhydride modified polyolefin prepared by the melting method is preferred.

[0013] Preferably, the polyether polyol compound is Irgasurf HL 560 or UNITHOX Ethoxylates. The polyether polyol compound used in the present invention can be selected from Irgasurf HL 560 and UNITHOX Ethoxylates from the perspective of easy availability. IrgasurfTM HL 560 is commercially available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Inc., and UNITHOX Ethoxylates is commercially available from Baker Petrolite.

[0014] In addition, the polyolefin composition may further contain various other additives as required, including flame retardants, silane coupling agents, pigments, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, weathering stabilizers, light diffusers, nucleating agents, discoloration inhibitors, and the like.

[0015] Preferably, the fiber cloth used in the fiber cloth layer is a fiber mesh cloth or a fiber non-woven fabric.

[0016] The fiber cloth layer can improve the peel strength and mechanics of the board. The fiber cloth layer is preferably a fiber mesh cloth or a fiber non-woven fabric, and there is no particular limitation on the type of fiber, such as: glass fiber mesh cloth, polyester fiber mesh cloth, polypropylene fiber mesh cloth, glass fiber non-woven fabric, polyester fiber non-woven fabric and polypropylene fiber non-woven fabric.

[0017] Considering the ease of industrial acquisition and economic cost, glass fiber mesh is preferred. Regarding glass fiber mesh, there is no special requirement for the gram weight. From the perspective of mechanical properties, products of 80 grams or more can be selected, and the upper limit is usually 200 grams.

[0018] Preferably, the fiber cloth used for the fiber cloth layer is pretreated with a pre-impregnation liquid and dried before compounding; the pre-impregnation liquid contains a solution of 1-10wt% polyvinyl alcohol, 1-5wt% organic base tetramethylguanidine and 1-5wt% ferric chloride.

[0019] After the pretreatment, not only can the polyvinyl alcohol better coat the fibers in the fiber cloth layer to improve the coating strength, but also the fiber cloth layer coated with polyvinyl alcohol has better compatibility with the polyolefin foam material layer, so that the bonding strength between the two layers is improved. One of the reasons is that the maleic anhydride modified polyolefin and polyether polyol in the polyolefin foam material layer can play a good bridging role, so that the polyolefin foam material layer has good compatibility with the fiber layer. The polyether polyol in the foam material layer has a similar solubility parameter with polyolefin due to its longer alkyl chain, and the ether functional group and hydroxyl functional group therein have similar solubility parameters with the hydroxyl functional group of the fiber cloth layer. Another reason is that during the composite processing, the maleic anhydride functional group in the surface layer of the polyolefin foam material layer, the ether functional group and hydroxyl group in the polyether polyol, and the hydroxyl functional group and organic base tetramethylguanidine on the surface of the fiber layer can form a three-dimensional hydrogen bond network. The organic base tetramethylguanidine is not only a strong hydrogen bond acceptor that can form dynamic hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl groups in the system, but it can also coordinate with iron ions to form metal coordination bonds, which is also of positive significance for improving the bonding strength.

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board, which comprises the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Extruding a polyolefin composition raw material including polyolefin, maleic anhydride-modified polyolefin and polyether polyol compound by an extruder to prepare a polyolefin composition sheet; the thickness of the polyolefin composition sheet is not particularly limited and is adjusted as needed, usually 5 to 200 mm.

[0022] The extruder used in the mixing process is a twin-screw extruder, such as a parallel counter-rotating twin-screw extruder, a parallel co-rotating twin-screw extruder, a conical twin-screw extruder, etc., preferably a parallel co-rotating twin-screw extruder, which has a good mixing effect and no calendering effect caused by separation force, and is therefore preferred.

[0023] Step 2: Place the polyolefin composition sheet in a foaming device, first, heat it to a saturation temperature, which is Tm-50℃~Tm; then, fill it with a supercritical fluid to a saturation pressure, which is 5-30MPa, and then keep it warm and pressurized for 10-300min; finally, release the pressure of the foaming device to obtain a polyolefin foam material. The polyolefin foam material is cut by a layer splitter to obtain a polyolefin foam material layer, and the thickness of the polyolefin foam material layer is not particularly limited and is set according to actual needs, usually 5-50mm.

[0024] Step 3: Compound, heat-press and shape the polyolefin foam material layer and the fiber cloth layer in a high-pressure steam composite material forming machine according to predetermined dimensions to obtain a moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board.

[0025] Finally, the present invention also provides a moisture-proof and heat-insulating plate armor structure, which comprises a substrate, a primer, an adhesive and the above-mentioned moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board in sequence.

[0026] Preferably, the primer is an epoxy primer or a polyurethane primer.

[0027] Preferably, the adhesive is a polyurethane adhesive, and more preferably a thermoplastic polyurethane adhesive, which has inherent adhesion properties and strength, and has good bonding properties, water resistance and aging resistance.

[0028] The polyether polyol compounds and polyvinyl alcohol in the moisture-proof and thermal insulation composite board can undergo cross-linking reaction with the isocyanate group in the polyurethane adhesive. In addition, the organic base tetramethylguanidine in the moisture-proof and thermal insulation composite board can form hydrogen bonds with the urethane group in the polyurethane adhesive, thereby effectively improving the bonding strength between the moisture-proof and thermal insulation composite board and the substrate.

[0029] Preferably, the preparation method of the moisture-proof and heat-insulating plate armor structure comprises:

[0030] First, the substrate surface is ground or sandblasted, and a primer is applied to the substrate surface;

[0031] Then, after the primer is cured, the moisture-proof thermal insulation composite panels are pasted by a kneading process, and a plurality of moisture-proof thermal insulation composite panels are sequentially pasted on the substrate by using an adhesive.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] 1) The moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board of the present invention has low VOC, is green and environmentally friendly, and can be used for indoor and basement decoration;

[0034] 2) The moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board of the present invention optimizes the overall structure, and the polyolefin foam material layer and the surface pre-treated fiber layer are put into the composite material forming machine together to fuse and bond the interface of the two, so that the polyolefin foam material layer and the fiber layer have excellent bonding strength;

[0035] 3) The strength and hardness of the moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board of the present invention can be adjusted by the foaming process of the olefin foam material layer;

[0036] 3) In the moisture-proof and heat-insulating board structure prepared by the present invention, the moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board has excellent bonding strength with the substrate, thereby improving the overall strength and having excellent performance;

[0037] 4) The moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board of the present invention can conveniently realize functions such as flame retardancy by adding functional additives, and can change the color of the moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board by adding pigments, and can ensure the performance of the product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite plate armor structure of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: 1 polyolefin foam material layer, 2 fiber cloth layer, 3 substrate, 4 primer, 5 adhesive. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Representative embodiments will now be further refined. It should be understood that the following description is not intended to limit the embodiments to a preferred embodiment. On the contrary, it is intended to cover alternatives, modifications and equivalents that may be included in the essence and scope of the embodiments defined by the appended claims.

[0042] Embodiment 1: A moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board, such as Figure 1 As shown, the moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board is composed of a polyolefin foam material layer and a fiber cloth layer.

[0043] The specific preparation process of the moisture-proof and thermal insulation composite board is as follows:

[0044] Step 1: Extruding a polyolefin composition raw material including polypropylene, maleic anhydride modified polypropylene and Irgasurf HL 560 by using an extruder to prepare a polypropylene composition sheet with a thickness of 10 mm.

[0045] The polypropylene composition comprises, by weight, 100 parts of polypropylene hydrocarbon, 10 parts of maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene and 5 parts of polyether polyol compounds;

[0046] Step 2: placing the composite sheet in a foaming device, firstly, heating it to a saturation temperature of 152°C; then, filling it with a supercritical fluid to a saturation pressure of 12MPa, and then maintaining the temperature and pressure for 120min; finally, depressurizing the foaming device to obtain a polypropylene foam material, the foaming material has a magnification of 15 times, and cutting to obtain a polyolefin foam material layer with a thickness of 20mm;

[0047] The fiber cloth layer is a national standard 120g glass fiber cloth; firstly, the surface oil of the glass fiber cloth is removed, and then it is pretreated with a pre-impregnation liquid and dried; the pre-impregnation liquid is a polyvinyl alcohol solution containing 10wt%;

[0048] Step 3: Compound, heat-press and shape the polyolefin foam material and the fiber cloth in a high-pressure steam composite material forming machine according to a predetermined size to obtain a moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board.

[0049] After the preparation is completed, the prepared moisture-proof and thermal insulation composite board is subjected to performance tests, mainly including a peel strength test.

[0050] The peel strength test is as follows:

[0051] Firstly, 6 specimens were cut from the moisture-proof and thermal insulation composite board, with a width of 20 mm and a length of 300 mm.

[0052] Then, a constant speed tensile testing machine is used to test the peel strength at 90°, and the automatic recorder records the value at least once every 1 mm peeling. The sample is fixed on a horizontal bracket as a whole, and a 25 mm fiber cloth layer is pre-peeled off at one end of the sample and the fiber cloth layer is clamped in a 90° fixture perpendicular to the horizontal bracket. Peeling is performed continuously at a rate of 5.0 mm / s. After the load fixture is operated, the value obtained when the first 25 mm fiber cloth layer is peeled off is ignored, and the average force value of the next 50 mm fiber cloth layer peeled off from the polyolefin foam material layer is used as the peeling force and converted into peeling strength. Each group of 5 samples, the sample result is the arithmetic mean of all the results.

[0053] Finally, after measurement and statistics, the peeling strength between the fiber cloth layer and the polyolefin foam material layer of the moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board prepared in this embodiment is 4.7 N / cm.

[0054] Embodiment 2: A moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board, which is composited by a polyolefin foam material layer and a fiber cloth layer, and the polyolefin foam material layer is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0055] The fiber cloth layer is a national standard 120g glass fiber cloth; firstly, the surface oil agent of the fiber cloth is removed, and then it is pretreated with a pre-impregnation liquid and dried; the pre-impregnation liquid is a solution containing 10wt% polyvinyl alcohol, 2wt% organic base tetramethylguanidine and 2wt% ferric chloride.

[0056] The specific preparation steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0057] The prepared samples were tested for performance using the same testing method as in Example 1.

[0058] Finally, after measurement and statistics, the peeling strength between the fiber cloth layer and the polyolefin foam material layer of the moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board prepared in this embodiment is 6.5 N / cm.

[0059] Example 3: A moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board is different from Example 2 in that the polyolefin composition used in foaming is modified, and other conditions are the same as those of Example 2.

[0060] The polyolefin composition in Example 2 comprises 100 parts of polypropylene, 10 parts of maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene and 5 parts of polyether polyol compounds by mass; while the polyolefin composition in Example 3 comprises 100 parts of polypropylene, 20 parts of maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene and 5 parts of polyether polyol compounds by mass.

[0061] The prepared samples were tested for performance using the same testing methods as in Examples 1 and 2.

[0062] Finally, after measurement and statistics, the peeling strength between the fiber cloth layer and the polyolefin foam material layer of the moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board prepared in this embodiment is 7.1 N / cm.

[0063] Comparative Example 1: In order to compare the performance of the foaming materials, in this comparative example, except that the polyolefin composition used in foaming is different from that in Example 2, other conditions are the same as those in Example 2.

[0064] The polyolefin composition in Example 2 comprises 100 parts of polypropylene, 10 parts of maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene and 5 parts of polyether polyol compounds by mass; while the polyolefin composition in this comparative example comprises only polypropylene, and does not contain maleic anhydride-modified polyolefin and polyether polyol compounds.

[0065] The comparative samples were prepared using the above conditions.

[0066] Finally, the performance of the prepared moisture-proof thermal insulation composite board sample was tested. The peel strength between the fiber cloth layer and the polyolefin foam material layer of the moisture-proof thermal insulation composite board sample was measured to be 1.2 N / cm.

[0067] The specific performance parameters of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 are compared in the table below.

[0068] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Foam material layer Polyolefin composition Same as Example 1 Partial adjustment based on Example 2 Polypropylene Fiber cloth Simplified pre-preg liquid processing Pre-liquid treated Pre-liquid treated Pre-preg liquid treated Peel strength 4.7 N / cm 6.5 N / cm 7.1 N / cm 1.2 N / cm

[0069] By comparing the performance of the samples prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1, the following conclusions were drawn.

[0070] Firstly, by comparing Example 1 and Example 2, it can be seen that the pretreatment of the fiber cloth directly affects the product performance of a moisture-proof and thermal insulation composite board prepared. The quality of the pretreatment is determined by the prepreg liquid of the pretreatment. The prepreg liquid provided in this case has a positive effect on the peel strength of a moisture-proof and thermal insulation composite board sample, and has a relatively obvious effect on improving the peel strength.

[0071] Second, from the comparison between Example 2 and Example 3, it can be seen that the adjustment of the proportion of each component of the foaming material will also have a certain influence on the performance of a prepared moisture-proof and thermal insulation composite board sample. By comparison, it can be seen that the appropriate increase in the proportion of maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene in Example 3 can improve the peeling strength between the polyolefin foaming material layer and the fiber cloth layer of a moisture-proof and thermal insulation composite board.

[0072] Third, it can be seen from the comparison between Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 that the choice of foaming material has a direct impact on the peeling strength between the polyolefin foaming material layer and the fiber cloth layer of a moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board. Compared with the foaming material prepared by the polyolefin composition in Example 2, the peeling strength between the fiber cloth layer and the polyolefin foaming material layer of the sample prepared in Example 2 is higher, indicating that the performance of the sample prepared in Example 2 is better. However, the performance of the sample prepared in the comparative example is limited due to the choice of foaming material.

[0073] The above fully illustrates that the design scheme of the polyolefin foam material layer provided in this case can be more effectively combined with the pre-treated fiber cloth layer in this case, and can achieve better product performance. The foam material in this case can effectively improve the product performance of a moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board.

[0074] The above is a direct product prepared, namely a moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board. On this basis, the following extended embodiments are provided.

[0075] Embodiment 4:

[0076] The present embodiment provides a moisture-proof and heat-insulating plate armor structure, which comprises a substrate, a primer, an adhesive and the moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board in the above-mentioned embodiment 3 in sequence.

[0077] In order to facilitate the test of bonding strength, marble floor tiles (width 20mm, length 300mm) with physical and chemical properties similar to those of the wall were used as the substrate, conventional commercial polyurethane primer was used as the primer, and thermoplastic polyurethane adhesive was used as the adhesive.

[0078] First, the surface of the substrate is polished, and then a primer is applied on the surface of the substrate; after the primer is cured, a moisture-proof thermal insulation composite board (width 20 mm, length 300 mm, thickness 5 mm) is pasted by a kneading process, and the moisture-proof thermal insulation composite board is pasted on the substrate in turn using an adhesive.

[0079] After obtaining the above-mentioned moisture-proof insulation board armor structure, a constant speed tensile testing machine is used to test the peeling strength of the moisture-proof insulation composite board and the marble floor tile at 90°. The automatic recorder records the value at least once every 1mm peeling. The sample is fixed on a horizontal bracket as a whole. One end of the sample pre-peels off 25mm of the moisture-proof insulation composite board and clamps the moisture-proof insulation composite board in a 90° fixture perpendicular to the horizontal bracket. Continuously peel at a rate of 5.0 mm / s. After the load fixture is running, ignore the value obtained when the first 25mm moisture-proof insulation composite board is peeled off, and the average force value of the next 50mm moisture-proof insulation composite board peeled off from the matrix is ​​used as the peeling force and converted into peeling strength. Every 5 samples are a group, and the sample results are the arithmetic mean of all the results, which are measured. Finally, the peeling strength of the moisture-proof insulation composite board and the marble floor tile at 90° is 16.8 N / cm.

[0080] With a peel strength performance of 16.8 N / cm, this moisture-proof and thermal insulation board armor structure can meet the basic applications in this field and is a product with leading performance.

[0081] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that certain modifications, combinations and variations can be made based on the above teachings.

Claims

1. A moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite panel, characterized in that: The polyolefin foam material layer is composited with a fiber cloth layer, wherein the polyolefin foam material used in the polyolefin foam material layer is prepared by foaming a polyolefin composition, wherein the polyolefin composition comprises, by weight, 100 parts of polyolefin, 5 to 20 parts of maleic anhydride-modified polyolefin, and 2 to 10 parts of a polyether polyol compound; The polyether polyol compound is Irgasurf HL 560 or UNITHOX Ethoxylates; The fiber cloth used in the fiber cloth layer is pretreated with a pre-impregnation liquid and dried before compounding; the pre-impregnation liquid is a solution containing 1-10wt% polyvinyl alcohol, 1-5wt% organic base tetramethylguanidine and 1-5wt% ferric chloride.

2. The moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber cloth used in the fiber cloth layer is fiber mesh cloth or fiber non-woven fabric.

3. The moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber cloth used in the fiber cloth layer is glass fiber mesh cloth.

4. A method for preparing a moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, extruding a polyolefin composition raw material comprising polyolefin, maleic anhydride-modified polyolefin and polyether polyol compound by using an extruder to prepare a polyolefin composition sheet; Step 2: placing the polyolefin composition sheet in a foaming device, firstly, heating it to a saturation temperature, the saturation temperature being Tm-50°C~Tm; then, filling it with a supercritical fluid to a saturation pressure, the saturation pressure being 5-30 MPa, and then maintaining the temperature and pressure for 10-300 minutes; finally, depressurizing the foaming device to obtain a polyolefin foam material, wherein the polyolefin foam material layer is obtained by splitting the polyolefin foam material; Step 3: Compound, heat-press and shape the polyolefin foam material layer and the fiber cloth layer in a high-pressure steam composite material forming machine according to predetermined dimensions to obtain a moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board.

5. A moisture-proof and heat-insulating plate armor structure, characterized in that: The moisture-proof and heat-insulating board armor structure comprises, in sequence, a substrate, a primer, an adhesive and the moisture-proof and heat-insulating composite board described in any one of claims 1 to 3 above.

6. The moisture-proof and heat-insulating plate armor structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The primer is an epoxy primer or a polyurethane primer.

7. The moisture-proof and heat-insulating plate armor structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adhesive is a polyurethane adhesive.

8. The moisture-proof and heat-insulating plate armor structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method of the moisture-proof and heat-insulating plate armor structure comprises: First, the substrate surface is ground or sandblasted, and a primer is applied to the substrate surface; Then, after the primer is cured, the moisture-proof thermal insulation composite panels are pasted by a kneading process, and a plurality of moisture-proof thermal insulation composite panels are sequentially pasted on the substrate by using an adhesive.

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