Economical retaining wall structure and design and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the field of retaining wall structures, in particular to an economical retaining wall structure and a design and construction method thereof, which comprises at least one wall section structure unit, the wall section structure unit comprises at least two groups of supporting components, the supporting components comprise inner edge columns, outer edge columns and bearing members for resisting horizontal loads, the bearing members are arranged between the inner edge columns and the outer edge columns; a retaining plate is arranged between two adjacent outer edge columns, and the two adjacent bearing members and the retaining plate jointly form a filling bin for backfilling soil; the bottom ends of the inner edge columns and the outer edge columns are provided with foundation structure units, and the foundation structure units are used for fixing the inner edge columns and the outer edge columns at the wall bottom position of the retaining wall. The application is mainly used for the construction of a retaining wall with a large height, improves the utilization efficiency of structural materials, saves structural materials, reduces the construction difficulty and is more economical in construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of retaining wall structures, and in particular to an economical retaining wall structure and its design and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Retaining walls are structures used to support roadbeds or slopes, belonging to the category of retaining structures. Their main function is to prevent the backfill or soil from deforming and becoming unstable. According to their structural form, they can be divided into two main categories: gravity retaining walls and reinforced concrete retaining walls. Gravity retaining walls include counterweight type, semi-gravity type, unloading plate type, and vertical prestressed anchor type, which mainly resist horizontal earth pressure by their own weight or by using part of the soil's self-weight. Reinforced concrete retaining walls include cantilever type, buttress type, and pile-slab type, which mainly resist horizontal earth pressure by relying on cantilever, buttress, and anti-slide pile structures.

[0003] Since earth pressure and bottom shear force are basically proportional to the square of the retaining wall height, and the overturning moment or bending moment of the bottom structural surface is basically proportional to the cube of the retaining wall height, when the retaining wall height exceeds 10m, especially when it exceeds 15m, regardless of whether a gravity retaining wall or a reinforced concrete retaining wall is used, the cross-sectional dimensions of the retaining wall structure must be greatly increased to provide stable support for the supported soil. This results in huge structural thicknesses for gravity retaining walls or "giant" structural components for reinforced concrete retaining walls, which not only waste a lot of structural materials but also have problems such as high construction difficulty and poor controllability of construction quality, resulting in disadvantages such as waste of structural materials and high construction costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an economical retaining wall structure, mainly used for the construction of retaining walls with considerable height. It rationally "distributes" structural materials at key stress-bearing locations, improving the shear and bending stiffness of structural components and increasing the utilization efficiency of structural materials. It provides stable support to the supported soil without needing to infinitely increase the structural cross-section of the retaining wall as its height increases, thus saving on structural materials and construction costs, resulting in higher economic efficiency. Another objective of this invention is to provide a design and construction method for an economical retaining wall structure.

[0005] The economical retaining wall structure provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An economical retaining wall structure includes at least one wall segment structural unit, each wall segment structural unit comprising at least two sets of support components. Each support component includes an inner edge column, an outer edge column, and load-bearing members for resisting horizontal loads. The load-bearing members are disposed between the inner and outer edge columns. A retaining plate is disposed between two adjacent outer edge columns, and two adjacent load-bearing members and the retaining plate together form a backfill chamber for backfilling soil. A foundation structural unit is provided at the bottom of both the inner and outer edge columns, the foundation structural unit being used to fix the inner and outer edge columns at the bottom position of the retaining wall.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the load-bearing components have the ability to resist horizontal loads. Each set of support components can form a support point. Multiple sets of support components are distributed and supported on the soil, forming multiple distributed support points. This improves the shear and bending stiffness of the structural components, fully utilizes the characteristics of structural materials, and improves the utilization efficiency of structural materials. It eliminates the need for designing support structures with large cross-sections, large volumes, and thick-diameter steel bars, which are inconvenient to construct and wasteful of structural materials. This allows for the support of higher soil layers, thus saving structural materials and construction costs, resulting in higher economic efficiency. The foundation structural unit, as the supporting foundation of the wall segment structural unit, provides stable support for the inner and outer columns and load-bearing components, thereby ensuring the positional stability of the entire wall segment structural unit.

[0008] Optionally, at least two soil filling chambers are provided in the vertical direction.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple backfill chambers are set up vertically, thereby forming multiple structural layers in the vertical direction of the retaining wall structure. During construction, the backfill chambers can be backfilled layer by layer, making construction more convenient.

[0010] Optionally, at least two load-bearing members are provided in the vertical direction, and the load-bearing members are provided in correspondence with the backfill chamber. A frame beam is provided between two vertically adjacent load-bearing members, and the two ends of the frame beam are respectively connected to the inner edge column and the outer edge column.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the load-bearing components correspond to the backfill chamber, and the load-bearing components can be constructed layer by layer according to the structural layers, making construction more convenient; the frame beam can increase the connection stability between the inner and outer columns, and at the same time, the frame beam can form a frame for installing the load-bearing components with the inner and outer columns, thereby increasing the stability of the load-bearing components.

[0012] Optionally, at least two retaining plates are provided in the vertical direction, and an external connecting beam is provided between two adjacent retaining plates. The two ends of the external connecting beam are respectively connected to two adjacent outer edge columns, and the retaining plates are provided in correspondence with the filling chamber.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the retaining plate is mainly used to prevent the soil from collapsing in the filling chamber. Multiple retaining plates are set up to facilitate the construction of the retaining plates layer by layer. The external connecting beam can play a role in strengthening the connection between two adjacent outer edge columns, while facilitating the installation of the retaining plate. In addition, the external connecting beam can play a role in vertical load-bearing of the retaining plate.

[0014] Optionally, an inner connecting beam is provided between two adjacent inner edge columns, and the inner connecting beam is provided in correspondence with the outer connecting beam.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the internal connecting beam can increase the connection strength between the inner edge columns, thereby increasing the stability of the wall segment structural unit. At the same time, the setting of the internal connecting beam is conducive to the formation of the structural layer.

[0016] Optionally, the outer edge column includes multiple column sections connected end to end in a vertical direction, the cross-section of the upper column section is not larger than the cross-section of the lower column section, and the column sections are arranged corresponding to the backfill chamber.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, since the pressure exerted on the retaining wall structure by the supported soil gradually decreases from bottom to top, the pressure borne by the outer edge column also gradually decreases from bottom to top. By setting the cross-section of the outer edge column to gradually decrease upward, structural materials can be further saved and the economy can be improved while meeting the support requirements. Furthermore, dividing the outer edge column into multiple column sections and constructing it in layers with the filling chamber makes construction more convenient.

[0018] Optionally, the maximum dimension of the inner edge column along the length of the retaining wall is b, and the maximum dimension along the direction perpendicular to the back of the retaining wall is h, where b ≤ h.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, with a fixed spacing between two adjacent sets of support components, the spacing between two adjacent inner edge columns is larger, which is more conducive to the movement of the backfilling equipment and makes backfilling of the backfilling chamber more convenient.

[0020] Optionally, the maximum dimension of the outer edge column along the length of the retaining wall is b, and the maximum dimension along the direction perpendicular to the back of the wall is h, where b ≥ h.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the outer edge column is located on the side of the retaining wall away from the back of the wall and is in direct contact with the external environment. Through the above arrangement, the outward protrusion of the outer edge column can be reduced, and the possibility of damage to the outer edge column during the use of the retaining wall can be reduced.

[0022] Optionally, the load-bearing member is configured as a shear wall, which is perpendicular to the length direction of the retaining wall.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, and by setting the load-bearing component as a shear wall, which extends along the thickness direction of the retaining wall, the shear wall has a better ability to resist horizontal loads and can resist the soil pressure on the back of the wall. The utilization rate of structural materials is higher, and the construction is simple.

[0024] Optionally, for two vertically adjacent shear walls, the thickness of the upper shear wall is not greater than the thickness of the lower shear wall.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, since the horizontal earth pressure borne by the retaining wall structure gradually decreases from bottom to top, setting the thickness of the upper shear wall to be less than that of the lower shear wall can provide sufficient support for the soil while further saving structural materials and improving economic efficiency.

[0026] Optionally, a structural hole is provided in the shear wall, and the structural hole is located near the bottom of the shear wall.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, after the construction of the soil filling chamber structure system is completed, the soil filling machinery needs to enter the soil filling chamber for operation. The soil filling machinery can enter the soil filling chamber through the structural hole and shuttle between two adjacent soil filling chambers, making construction more convenient.

[0028] Optionally, the load-bearing member is configured as a diagonal brace, which extends downward from the inner edge column to the outer edge column.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, each set of support components forms a support point. The pressure exerted on the retaining wall structure by the supported soil is mainly horizontal earth pressure. The horizontal earth pressure causes the inner edge column to tend to tilt towards the outer edge column. The diagonal brace can play a supporting role and transmit horizontal force between the inner and outer edge columns.

[0030] Optionally, for two vertically adjacent diagonal braces, the cross-sectional dimension of the upper diagonal brace is not greater than that of the lower diagonal brace.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, since the horizontal earth pressure borne by the retaining wall structure gradually decreases from bottom to top, the above solution can provide sufficient support for the soil while further saving structural materials and improving economic efficiency.

[0032] Optionally, a protective device is provided at the top of the outer edge column, and the protective device is higher than the top of the retaining wall.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the protective device is higher than the ground on the top of the retaining wall, and can play a protective role on the ground on the top of the retaining wall, reducing the possibility of people falling or objects falling on the ground on the top of the retaining wall.

[0034] This application also discloses a design and construction method for an economical retaining wall structure, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1: Calculate the passive earth pressure of the retaining wall structure, and perform structural calculations on the wall segment structural units based on the passive earth pressure to obtain the structural calculation data of the wall segment structural units.

[0036] S2: Based on the structural calculation data of the wall segment structural unit, perform structural calculations on the foundation structural unit to obtain the structural calculation data of the foundation structural unit;

[0037] S3: Design the wall segment structural unit based on the structural calculation data of the wall segment structural unit;

[0038] S4: Design the basic structural unit based on the structural calculation data of the basic structural unit;

[0039] S5: Construct the lowest layer of the backfill chamber above the basic structural unit, and fill the lowest layer of the backfill chamber with soil;

[0040] S6: Construct the soil filling chamber layer by layer along the vertical direction. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the economical retaining wall structure and the supported retaining body in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the economic retaining wall structure of Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0043] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of AA.

[0044] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of BB in the middle.

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the expansion joints of two adjacent wall segment structural units in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the economical retaining wall structure and the supported retaining body in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0047] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the economical retaining wall structure of Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0048] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Supporting component; 11. Inner edge column; 12. Outer edge column; 121. Column joint; 13. Load-bearing component; 131. Shear wall; 1311. Structural opening; 132. Diagonal brace; 14. Frame beam; 15. Inner connecting beam; 16. Outer connecting beam; 161. Cantilever beam; 2. Backfill chamber; 3. Retaining plate; 4. Foundation structural unit; 41. Pile cap; 411. Inner pile cap; 412. Outer pile cap; 42. Pile; 43. Foundation tie beam; 44. Foundation crossbeam; 5. Protective device; 6. Supported retaining soil; 7. Back of wall. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-7 This application will be described in further detail.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] This embodiment discloses an economical retaining wall structure. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The economical retaining wall structure includes at least one wall segment structural unit. The number of wall segment structural units is determined by the overall length of the retaining wall structure. Multiple wall segment structural units are arranged sequentially on one side of the soil body 6 being supported, thereby providing stable support for the soil. The wall segment structural unit includes at least two sets of support components 1 evenly arranged along the length of the retaining wall. The support components 1 are used to resist horizontal loads from the soil body 6 being supported. The even arrangement of at least two sets of support components 1 along the length of the retaining wall can form multiple uniform and dispersed support points on one side of the soil body. Therefore, it is possible to provide stable support for the soil body 6 without increasing the cross-sectional dimensions of the retaining wall, thereby saving structural materials, reducing construction difficulty, and achieving higher construction economy.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the side of the retaining wall that is in direct contact with the supported retaining body 7 is the back wall 7, which is a vertical plane. The side of the retaining wall that is away from the supported retaining body 7 is the wall surface, which is also a vertical plane. The top of the retaining wall is the top of the wall, and the bottom of the retaining wall is the bottom of the wall.

[0053] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The retaining wall structure in this embodiment is mainly used for the construction of retaining walls with a height of more than 10m. To facilitate construction and structural calculation, the retaining wall structure is provided with multiple structural layers along the height direction, and the height of each structural layer is preferably 3 to 5m. Since the passive earth pressure and bottom shear force are basically proportional to the square of the height of the retaining wall, the horizontal earth pressure borne by the retaining wall structure gradually decreases from bottom to top. Therefore, the height of the structural layers can be gradually increased from bottom to top. In addition, the height of each position of the lowest structural layer can be different so that structural leveling can be completed in the lowest structural layer.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, taking each wall segment structural unit as an example containing four sets of support components 1, the support component 1 includes an inner edge column 11, an outer edge column 12, a frame beam 14, and a load-bearing member 13. The inner edge column 11 and the outer edge column 12 are both vertically arranged, and their bottom ends are fixedly supported on the foundation structural unit 4 at the bottom of the retaining wall. The inner edge column 11 is located at the back of the wall 7, and the outer edge column 12 is located at the outer side of the retaining wall. In this embodiment, the load-bearing member 13 is set as a shear wall 131. 1. The shear wall 131 is set perpendicular to the back wall 7 and extends along the thickness direction of the retaining wall. It is fixed between the inner edge column 11 and the outer edge column 12 and is mainly used to resist and disperse the horizontal passive earth pressure. The inner edge column 11 and the outer edge column 12 mainly act as edge restraint members of the shear wall 131 in the retaining wall. The foundation structural unit 4 can support the shear wall 131. The frame beam 14, the inner edge column 11, the outer edge column 12 and the shear wall 131 are integrally cast in place with reinforced concrete.

[0055] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Both the inner edge column 11 and the outer edge column 12 include multiple column segments 121 connected end to end. Each column segment 121 corresponds to a structural layer. The frame beam 14 is set at the height of the structural layer between adjacent inner edge columns 11 and outer edge columns 12. The column segments 121 of the inner edge column 11, the column segments 121 of the outer edge column 12, the shear wall 131, and the adjacent frame beam 14 above the shear wall 131 form a structural layer.

[0056] In other application scenarios, both the back wall 7 and the wall surface of the retaining wall can be set as inclined surfaces, and the two are close to each other from bottom to top. Those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the arrangement of the wall segment structural units according to the inclination of the back wall 7 and the wall surface. For example, the outer edge column 12 can be extended along the inclination direction of the back wall 7 so that the inclination direction of the outer edge column 12 matches the inclination direction of the back wall 7, and the inner edge column 11 can be set along the inclination direction of the wall surface so that the inclination direction of the inner edge column 11 matches the inclination direction of the wall surface.

[0057] Reference Figure 1-3A retaining plate 3, made of reinforced concrete, is fixedly connected between two adjacent outer edge columns 12 and is perpendicular to the shear wall 131. A soil filling chamber 2 is formed between the shear wall 131 and the retaining plate 3 of two adjacent sets of support components 1 for filling soil. The retaining plate 3 is attached to the side of the outer edge column 12 near the inner edge column 11. The retaining plate 3 has the ability to resist horizontal earth pressure and can be used to support the soil in the soil filling chamber 2. When the retaining plate 3 is subjected to horizontal earth pressure, it exerts horizontal pressure on the outer edge columns 12 on both sides. Furthermore, a drainage pipe hole (not shown in the figure) is provided on the retaining plate 3. Before filling the soil inside the retaining plate 3, a 300-500 mm wide graded sand and gravel filter layer needs to be backfilled. Groundwater in the soil is filtered through the sand and gravel filter layer and then discharged through the drainage pipe hole.

[0058] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Multiple shear walls 131 are vertically arranged between the inner edge columns 11 and the outer edge columns 12. Two vertically adjacent shear walls 131 are located in different structural layers. Multiple shear walls 131 located in the same structural layer have the same height. The spacing between two adjacent shear walls 131 in the same structural layer is preferably 4 to 6 meters. Multiple retaining plates 3 are also vertically arranged between two adjacent outer edge columns 12. Two vertically adjacent retaining plates 3 are also located in different structural layers. The retaining plates 3 are arranged corresponding to the shear walls 131, so that multiple backfill chambers 2 are also formed vertically along the structural layers. The soil in the backfill chambers 2 is vertically connected along the structural layers and is also connected to the supported soil 6 behind the wall back 7 in the horizontal direction. During construction, the retaining wall structure can be constructed layer by layer with the structural layers as nodes, and the backfill chambers 2 can be backfilled layer by layer, which makes construction more convenient.

[0059] Reference Figure 1-3 To facilitate the installation of the retaining plate 3, a multi-span external connecting beam 16 is fixedly connected between two adjacent outer edge columns 12. The external connecting beam 16 and the outer edge column 12 are cast in place with reinforced concrete. The side of the external connecting beam 16 near the inner edge column 11 protrudes from the side of the outer edge column 12 near the inner edge column 11. The multi-span external connecting beam 16 located in the same structural layer is connected end to end and integrally formed. The external connecting beam 16 is set between two vertically adjacent retaining plates 3. The upper and lower sides of the retaining plate 13 are respectively attached to the upper and lower external connecting beams 16. The external connecting beam 16 located below the retaining plate 13 can provide support for the retaining plate 13.

[0060] Reference Figure 1-3The retaining plate 3 can be a precast reinforced concrete slab or cast-in-place reinforced concrete. When the retaining plate 3 is a precast reinforced concrete slab, it is installed sideways, fitting against the outer edge column 12 near the inner edge column 11, and supported on the outer connecting beam 16. The outer edge column 12 and the outer connecting beam 16 define the position of the retaining plate 3. When subjected to horizontal earth pressure, the retaining plate 3 is essentially simply supported on the inner side of the outer edge column 12. When the retaining plate 3 is cast-in-place reinforced concrete, it is cast as a single unit with the outer edge columns 12 on both sides and the outer connecting beams 16 at the top and bottom. In other applications, this retaining wall structure can also be used for the construction of retaining walls with lower heights. When the total height of the retaining wall is no more than 8m, both the shear wall 131 and the retaining plate 3 can be constructed using masonry, thereby further saving structural materials.

[0061] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 An inner connecting beam 15 is provided between two adjacent inner edge columns 11 at the height of the structural layer. Within the same structural layer, the inner connecting beam 15 and the outer connecting beam 16 correspond one-to-one in height.

[0062] Reference Figure 2-4 During construction, the backfill soil in the filling chamber 2 forms an integral unit with the retaining soil 6 on one side of the wall back 7, meaning the retaining wall structure is embedded in the backfill soil. The inner edge column 11 is embedded in the soil, while the outer edge column 12 is exposed to the external environment. Both the inner edge column 11 and the outer edge column 12 have rectangular cross-sections. The dimensions of the inner edge column 11 and the outer edge column 12 along the length of the retaining wall are b, and the dimensions along the direction perpendicular to the wall back 7 are h. For the inner edge column 11, b ≤ h, meaning the distance between two adjacent inner edge columns 11 is larger, facilitating the filling machinery to fill the filling chamber 2. For the outer edge column 12, b ≥ h, facilitating the arrangement of the retaining plate 3 and reducing the outward protrusion of the outer edge column 12.

[0063] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 To facilitate the construction of the backfill chamber 2, structural openings 1311 are provided on the shear wall 131. These structural openings 1311 are door-frame shaped and are located below each layer of shear wall 131. The structural openings 1311 are situated above the frame beam 14 below the corresponding shear wall 131, allowing small backfilling machinery (such as small excavators) to travel between multiple backfill chambers 2 on the same structural layer. In other application scenarios, when the overall height of the retaining wall is low, the thickness of the retaining wall decreases accordingly, meaning the length of the shear wall 131 along the direction perpendicular to the back wall 7 decreases. In this case, structural openings 1311 are not required, and backfilling machinery can travel outside the retaining wall to backfill the backfill chamber 2.

[0064] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2Since the horizontal earth pressure borne by the retaining wall structure gradually decreases from bottom to top, the multiple column segments 121 that make up the inner edge column 11 and the outer edge column 12 are configured as follows: both the inner edge column 11 and the outer edge column 12 are composed of multiple column segments 121 connected end to end. The cross-section of the upper column segment 121 of two connected column segments 121 is not larger than the cross-section of the lower column segment 121. That is, both the inner edge column 11 and the outer edge column 12 gradually become thinner from bottom to top. At the same time, the thickness of the shear wall 131, the thickness of the retaining plate 3, the cross-section of the frame beam 14, and the cross-section of the outer connecting beam 16 also gradually decrease from bottom to top, thereby further saving structural materials and improving the economy of the structure.

[0065] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 Specifically, the relevant parameters of the shear wall 131 are designed as follows: the overall height of the retaining wall is H, the thickness of the bottom shear wall 131 is the initial thickness d, and the value of d is preferably 1 / 30H to 1 / 40H. The thickness of the upper shear wall 131 is reduced by 50 to 100 mm layer by layer upwards based on d. The length of the bottom shear wall 131 along the direction perpendicular to the length of the retaining wall is the initial length L, and the value of L is preferably 1 / 3H to 1 / 2H.

[0066] Reference Figure 2 and 5 When multiple wall segment structural units are set, the multiple wall segment structural units are spaced apart along the length of the retaining wall. The distance between the two outer edge columns 12 of two adjacent wall segment structural units is equal to the distance between two adjacent outer edge columns 12 within the same wall segment structural unit. Both sides of the wall segment structural unit are provided with cantilever beams 161, which are formed by the outer connecting beams 16 extending outward from the ends of the outer edge columns 12. A gap is provided between the cantilever beams 161 of two adjacent wall segment structural units, and the width of the gap can be set to 20-30mm. The gaps between the cantilever beams 161 in multiple structural layers are connected vertically, thereby forming the expansion joints between the wall segments of the retaining wall. Two cantilever beams 161 of the same height form a group. Retaining plates 3 are also installed between two vertically adjacent groups of cantilever beams 161 and two adjacent outer edge columns 12. The retaining plates 3 can slide along the length of the retaining wall, so that the retaining wall can adapt to the deformation of the retaining plates when the external climate changes, thus protecting the retaining wall structure.

[0067] In other application scenarios, when multiple wall segment structural units are set, the side spans of two adjacent wall segment structural units can be set close to each other, without the need to set the cantilever beam head 161. The shear walls 131 of two adjacent wall segment structural units (as well as the inner edge column 11, outer edge column 12, frame beam 14 and other structural components used to support the shear walls 131) form a double wall structure, and an expansion joint is also set between the two shear walls 131, so that the connection between the two wall segment structural units can adapt to the thermal expansion and contraction caused by climate change.

[0068] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 To facilitate the greening of the ground surface on top of the retaining wall and the layout of underground pipelines, a top structural layer is set on top of the retaining wall structure. The height of the top structural layer is less than that of the lower structural layer, and the height of the top structural layer is preferably 1.5 to 2.5m. The top structural layer only retains the outer edge column 12, the retaining plate 3, the outer connecting beam 16, and the cantilever beam 161. The outer edge column 12 at the top forms a cantilever structure. The height of the top ground surface of the supported soil body 6 on the side near the outer edge column 12 is flush with the top surface of the outer edge column 12. A protective device 5 is set above the top surface of the outer edge column 12. The protective device 5 can be constructed as a wall, guardrail, or other type to prevent objects and people from falling from the ground surface on top of the retaining wall.

[0069] Reference Figure 1-3 The foundation structural unit 4 serves as the foundation of the retaining wall structure, primarily providing support for the shear wall 131. The foundation structural unit 4 is located at the bottom of the inner edge column 11 and the outer edge column 12. The foundation structural unit 4 includes a pile cap 41 and piles 42. The outer edge column 12 is used as an example to describe the foundation structural unit 4 in detail below. The pile cap 41 is polygonal, but in this embodiment, a square pile cap is used as an example. It is embedded below the ground at the bottom of the wall. The piles 42 are cylindrical reinforced concrete cast-in-place piles, with four fixedly installed below each pile cap 41. The pile cap 41 is cast-in-place reinforced concrete, and the piles 42 are vertically embedded and fixedly connected to the pile cap 41. The projection of the outer edge column 12 onto the upper surface of the pile cap 41 is located at the center of the upper surface of the pile cap 41. The bottom end of the outer edge column 12 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the pile cap 41, thus stably supporting the outer edge column 12 on the foundation of the retaining wall.

[0070] Reference Figure 1-3For ease of description, the base 41 at the bottom of the inner column 11 is named the inner base 411, and the base 41 at the bottom of the outer column 12 is named the outer base 412. Foundation tie beams 43 are provided between multiple outer bases 412 within the same wall segment structural unit. Corresponding grooves for accommodating the foundation tie beams 43 are provided on the outer bases 412. The foundation tie beams 43 extend along the length of the retaining wall and are sequentially fixedly embedded in the grooves on the outer bases 412, thereby connecting multiple outer bases 412 within the same wall segment structural unit. The foundation tie beams 43 can also serve as the load-bearing foundation beams for the bottom retaining plate 3. Foundation tie beams 43 are also provided between multiple inner bases 411 within the same wall segment structural unit to connect the multiple inner bases 411. A foundation beam 44 is provided between adjacent inner foundation 411 and outer foundation 412. The foundation beam 44 can be used to support the shear wall 131 at the bottom. One end of the foundation beam 44 is integrally cast with the inner foundation 411, and the other end is integrally cast with the outer foundation 412. Multiple inner foundations 411 and multiple outer foundations 412 are horizontally and longitudinally connected through the foundation beam 44 and the foundation tie beam 43, thus forming a complete foundation system for the retaining wall structure.

[0071] The implementation principle of an economical retaining wall structure according to this application embodiment is as follows: During construction, the foundation structural unit is constructed first, and then the components of the lowest structural layer are constructed by cast-in-place or prefabrication. The backfilling equipment enters the backfilling chamber 2 through the structural hole 1311 on the shear wall 131 and travels between multiple backfilling chambers 2 in the same structural layer, thereby completing the backfilling of the lowest structural layer. The same construction method is used to construct layer by layer until the construction of the retaining wall structure is completed. In this embodiment, multiple sets of support components 1 are distributed and supported on the soil, forming multiple distributed support points, which can give full play to the characteristics of the structural materials and improve the utilization efficiency of the structural materials, thereby achieving the effect of saving structural materials and construction costs. According to preliminary estimates, more than 1 / 3 of the structural materials can be saved, which has good economic benefits.

[0072] This embodiment also discloses a design and construction method for an economical retaining wall structure, including the following steps:

[0073] S1: Use geotechnical engineering design software to calculate the passive earth pressure data along the height of the retaining wall structure; generally, the geotechnical engineering design software can be Lizheng Geotechnical Software.

[0074] S2: The passive earth pressure data mentioned above is used as the load of the retaining wall structure in this embodiment. It is imported into the structural engineering design software to perform structural calculations on the wall segment structural units and obtain the structural data of the wall segment structural units. Generally, the structural engineering design software can be the SETWE module in PKPM, Yingjianke software, or other building structural engineering calculation software. It should be noted that the wall segment structural units at the corner of the retaining wall structure need to be calculated separately.

[0075] S3: Based on the structural data of the wall segment structural unit mentioned above, carry out the structural design of the retaining wall structure above the ground floor, such as the design of the wall segment structural unit.

[0076] S4: Based on the geotechnical engineering investigation report of the retaining wall structure, determine the foundation scheme of the retaining wall. The foundation form of the retaining wall can be strip foundation, raft foundation, box foundation, pile foundation, etc.; the foundation structure unit 4 used in this embodiment is a pile foundation.

[0077] S5: Import the structural data of the wall segment structural unit in step S2 into the corresponding foundation calculation software (such as the JCCAD module in PKPM structural calculation software) to perform structural calculation of foundation structural unit 4, so as to obtain the structural data of foundation structural unit 4 and thus design foundation structural unit 4.

[0078] S6: Based on the design of foundation unit 4 and the geotechnical engineering investigation report, carry out the construction of foundation structure unit 4; among them, pile 42, pile cap 41, foundation tie beam 43 and foundation crossbeam 4 are all constructed on site by concrete pouring.

[0079] S7: After the construction of the lowest layer support component 1 and other structures is carried out above the basic structural unit 4, and the bottom retaining plate 3 is installed, the filling construction of the lowest layer filling chamber 2 can be carried out.

[0080] S7.1: Above the foundation 41, the lowest layer of reinforced concrete components such as the inner edge column 11, the outer edge column 12, the lowest column section 121, the shear wall 131, the inner tie beam 15, and the outer tie beam 16 are poured.

[0081] S7.2: Install the bottom retaining plate 3 to form the lowest layer of backfill 2;

[0082] S7.3: The backfilling machinery passes through the structural hole 1311 between adjacent backfilling chambers 2 to complete the backfilling of the lowest layer backfilling chamber 2;

[0083] S8: According to the relevant steps in S7, the retaining wall structure is constructed layer by layer according to the structural layers, and the construction of the wall segment structural unit is completed. The structural layers with the same height in two adjacent wall segment structural units can be constructed simultaneously.

[0084] S9: Construct protective device 5 above the top structural layer.

[0085] Example 2

[0086] This embodiment discloses an economical retaining wall structure, referring to... Figure 6 and Figure 7 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the load-bearing member 13 is set as a diagonal brace 132. The diagonal brace 132 is installed in the rectangular frame formed by the column section 121 of the inner edge column 11, the column section 121 of the outer edge column 12, and the frame beam 14. The diagonal brace 132 is set along the diagonal of the rectangular frame, and the diagonal brace 132 is connected from the upper node of the inner edge column 11 and the frame beam 14 to the lower node of the outer edge column 12 and the frame beam 14 (the lower end of the diagonal brace 132 in the bottom structural layer is connected to the foundation beam 44). That is, the end of the diagonal brace 132 near the inner edge column 11 is higher than the end near the outer edge column 12, thus forming a frame structure with diagonal brace. When resisting horizontal loads, the diagonal brace 132 is equivalent to a "hollow" cantilever beam. The two ends of the diagonal brace 132 are fixed at two opposite corners of the rectangular frame. The diagonal brace 132, the outer edge column 12, the inner edge column 11, and the frame beam 14 form a "hollow" structural system to resist horizontal forces. The cross-sectional dimensions of the diagonal braces 132 located in different structural layers are different, and the cross-sectional dimension of the upper diagonal brace 132 is not greater than the cross-sectional dimension of the lower adjacent diagonal brace 132.

[0087] Reference Figure 6 This embodiment replaces the shear wall 131 with the diagonal brace 132, which saves more structural materials and can also be used in retaining wall projects of general height, making it more applicable and thus achieving the effect of further saving structural materials.

[0088] This embodiment also discloses a design and construction method for an economical retaining wall structure, which differs from the design and construction method for the economical retaining wall structure in Embodiment 1 in that:

[0089] S7: After the construction of the lowest layer support component 1 and other structures is carried out above the basic structural unit 4, and the bottom retaining plate 3 is installed, the filling construction of the lowest layer filling chamber 2 can be carried out.

[0090] S7.1: Above the foundation 41, the lowest layer of reinforced concrete components such as column joints 121 of the inner edge column 11 and outer edge column 12, diagonal bracing 132, inner connecting beam 15, and outer connecting beam 16 are poured.

[0091] S7.2: Install the bottom retaining plate 3 to form the lowest layer of backfill 2;

[0092] S7.3: The filling machinery passes through the gap between the diagonal brace 132 and the lower frame beam 14 to pass between the adjacent filling chambers 2 and complete the filling construction of the lowest layer filling chamber 2.

[0093] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An economical retaining wall structure comprising at least one wall segment structural unit, characterised in that: The wall segment structure unit comprises at least two groups of supporting assemblies (1), the supporting assemblies (1) comprise inner edge columns (11), outer edge columns (12) and force members (13) for resisting horizontal load, the force members (13) are arranged between the inner edge columns (11) and the outer edge columns (12); a retaining board (3) is arranged between adjacent two outer edge columns (12), and adjacent two force members (13) and the retaining board (3) jointly form a filling bin (2) for backfilling soil; the inner edge columns (11) and the outer edge columns (12) are each provided with a foundation structure unit (4) at the bottom end, and the foundation structure unit (4) is used for fixing the inner edge columns (11) and the outer edge columns (12) at the wall bottom position of the retaining wall. The filling bin (2) is arranged in at least two in the vertical direction; the force member (13) is arranged in at least two in the vertical direction, and the force member (13) is arranged correspondingly to the filling bin (2); two vertically adjacent force members (13) are arranged with a frame beam (14) arranged between the two, and the frame beam (14) is connected to the inner edge column (11) and the outer edge column (12) at both ends. The retaining board (3) is arranged in at least two in the vertical direction, and two vertically adjacent retaining boards (3) are arranged with an outer connecting beam (16) arranged between the two, and the outer connecting beam (16) is connected to the adjacent two outer edge columns (12) at both ends; the retaining board (3) is arranged correspondingly to the filling bin (2); two adjacent inner edge columns (11) are arranged with an inner connecting beam (15) arranged correspondingly to the outer connecting beam (16). Both sides of the wall segment structure unit are provided with overhanging beams (161), the overhanging beams (161) are formed by extending the outer connecting beam (16) outward at the end of the outer edge column (12), a gap is arranged between the overhanging beams (161) of adjacent two wall segment structure units, the gap width is 20-30 mm, and the gaps between the overhanging beams (161) in multiple structure layers are connected to form expansion joints between wall segments of the retaining wall.

2. The economical retaining wall structure according to claim 1, wherein: The outer edge column (12) comprises a plurality of column segments (121) connected in head-to-tail mode, the cross section of the upper column segment (121) is not larger than that of the lower column segment (121), and the column segments (121) are arranged correspondingly to the filling bin (2).

3. The economical retaining wall structure according to claim 1, wherein: The maximum dimension of the inner edge column (11) in the length direction of the retaining wall is b, and the maximum dimension in the direction perpendicular to the back (7) of the retaining wall is h, b≤h.

4. The economical retaining wall structure according to claim 1, wherein: The maximum dimension of the outer edge column (12) in the length direction of the retaining wall is b, and the maximum dimension in the direction perpendicular to the back (7) of the retaining wall is h, b≥h.

5. The economic retaining wall structure according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein: The force member (13) is arranged as a shear wall (131), and the shear wall (131) is arranged perpendicularly to the length direction of the retaining wall.

6. The economical retaining wall structure according to claim 5, wherein: Two vertically adjacent shear walls (131), the thickness of the upper shear wall (131) is not larger than that of the lower shear wall (131).

7. The economical retaining wall structure according to claim 5, wherein: The shear wall (131) is provided with a structural hole (1311) arranged close to the lower part of the shear wall (131).

8. The economical retaining wall structure according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein: The force bearing member (13) is arranged as a diagonal brace (132) extending downward from the inner edge column (11) to the outer edge column (12).

9. The economical retaining wall structure according to claim 8, wherein: Two vertically adjacent diagonal braces (132), the upper one has a cross-sectional dimension not greater than that of the lower one.

10. The economical retaining wall structure according to claim 1, wherein: The outer edge column (12) is provided at the top end with a protection device (5) higher than the top of the retaining wall.

11. The design and construction method of the economical retaining wall structure according to any one of claims 1-10, comprising the following steps: S1: calculating the passive earth pressure of the retaining wall structure, and performing structural calculation on the wall section structural unit according to the passive earth pressure to obtain wall section structural unit structural calculation data; S2: performing structural calculation on the foundation structural unit (4) according to the wall section structural unit structural calculation data to obtain foundation structural unit structural calculation data; S3: designing the wall section structural unit according to the wall section structural unit structural calculation data; S4: designing the foundation structural unit (4) according to the foundation structural unit structural calculation data; S5: constructing the structure of the lowest layer of the fill bin (2) above the foundation structural unit (4) and filling the lowest layer of the fill bin (2); S6: constructing layer by layer according to the stratification of the fill bin (2) in the vertical direction.

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