A design method for a top beam device with energy absorption and impact prevention functions

Abstract

The present invention proposes a design method for a top beam device with energy-absorbing and impact-resistant functions, including the configuration of the top beam device, the distance S between the bottom surface of the top beam cover plate and the top of the energy-absorbing and impact-resistant material, the distance h between the bottom surface of the top beam cover plate and the top of the limiting ring, and the thickness of the energy-absorbing and impact-resistant material when the top beam is not under stress. By providing multiple rubber metal springs and energy-absorbing and impact-resistant materials, and designing the gap distance between the top beam cover plate and the energy-absorbing and impact-resistant material, the gap distance between the top beam cover plate and the energy-absorbing and impact-resistant material, and the thickness of the energy-absorbing and impact-resistant material, a reasonable design method for an impact energy-absorbing and protective device is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mine safety, and in particular to a design method of a top beam device with energy absorption and impact prevention functions. Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic supports are the main equipment for supporting coal seam mining. They not only provide a safe working space for workers, but also support and control the roof of the working face. With the continuous development of the coal industry, the difficulty of coal mining is increasing, so the reliability requirements of hydraulic supports are getting higher and higher. During the operation of the hydraulic support, the contact conditions between the top beam of the hydraulic support and the rock wall at the top of the coal mine tunnel are constantly changing, and the pressure they are subjected to is also constantly changing. In addition, due to the changes in the rock layer space, the top beam of the hydraulic support is constantly subjected to impact loads. The impact load is extremely destructive and can cause the telescopic columns of the hydraulic support to swell, deform, or even burst. Therefore, the provision of impact energy absorption protection devices on the hydraulic support is extremely important. At present, the design of hydraulic supports mainly considers static load-bearing, and rarely considers performance protection when subjected to impact loads. This patent mainly solves the problem of protecting the main structure of the support from damage by absorbing energy through the top beam when the hydraulic support is subjected to impact loads. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0004] To this end, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a design method for a top beam device with energy-absorbing and impact-proof functions. By setting multiple rubber metal springs and energy-absorbing and impact-proof materials, and designing the gap distance between the top beam cover plate and the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material, the gap distance between the top beam cover plate and the top of the limit ring, and the thickness of the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material, a reasonable setting is provided for the impact energy-absorbing protection device.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention proposes a design method for a top beam device with energy absorption and impact prevention function, which includes the following steps:

[0006] A limiting ring is arranged around the top circumference of the hydraulic support top beam, and a plurality of rubber metal springs are arranged in the limiting ring, so that a plurality of filling spaces are enclosed between the plurality of rubber metal springs, and the filling spaces are filled with energy-absorbing and impact-proof materials. Then, a top beam cover plate connected to the top of the rubber metal spring is arranged on the top of the rubber metal spring, and positioning lugs are arranged around the bottom surface of the top beam cover plate. The positioning lugs are movably inserted into the limiting ring and can move up and down along the limiting ring;

[0007] Obtain the support force F of the hydraulic support, the ratio a between the external force received by the hydraulic support and the support force F of the hydraulic support, the stiffness K and the number n of the rubber-metal springs, and then calculate the distance S between the bottom surface of the top beam cover plate and the top of the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material when the top beam is not stressed according to formula (1):

[0008]

[0009] Refer to Figure 4 , obtain the impact force P when the impact force received by the hydraulic support reaches or exceeds the set compression value of the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material and the bottom surface of the top beam cover plate contacts the top of the limiting ring, and then calculate the distance h between the bottom surface of the top beam cover plate and the top of the limiting ring when the top beam is not stressed according to formula (2):

[0010]

[0011] , obtain the impact force when the top beam cover plate of the hydraulic support moves downward by a distance H (H < h) under the action of the impact force, and then calculate the impact work W received by the hydraulic support at this time according to formula (3) The impact work W received by the hydraulic support J , and at the same time calculate the impact energy W received by n rubber-metal springs according to formula (4) F :[[]]END]]

[0012] W J = U·H (3)

[0013] W F = 0.5nK·H 2 (4)

[0014] Obtain the number m of the energy-absorbing and impact-proof materials, and calculate the impact work W absorbed by the energy-absorbing and impact-proof materials according to formula (5) XM :[[]]END]]

[0015]

[0016] Obtain the surface area A of each energy-absorbing and impact-proof material and the energy C absorbed per unit volume of the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material, and then calculate the thickness T of the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material according to formula (6).

[0017]

[0018] Furthermore, it further includes arranging a limiting component on the limiting ring, and the limiting component is inserted into the positioning ear plate to prevent the positioning ear plate from disengaging from the limiting ring when moving up and down.

[0019] Furthermore, the limiting component is a limiting pin, and an elongated ear hole is provided on the side wall of the positioning ear plate. The limiting pin passes through the limiting ring and is inserted into the elongated ear hole. The length of the elongated ear hole is greater than the diameter of the limiting pin, so that the positioning ear plate can move up and down along the limiting ring.

[0020] Furthermore, the limiting ring includes an outer limiting ring and an inner limiting ring sleeved inside the outer limiting ring, a limiting groove is formed between the outer limiting ring and the inner limiting ring, the positioning ear plate is movably inserted in the limiting groove, and the limiting pin shaft passes through the outer limiting ring and the inner limiting ring and is inserted into the elongated ear hole.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a positioning plate arranged on the top surface of the top beam, the positioning plate is located in the limiting ring, a plurality of fixing columns are arranged on the surface of the positioning plate, and the plurality of rubber metal springs are respectively mounted on the plurality of fixing columns.

[0022] Furthermore, the fixed column includes a fixed bottom column arranged on the positioning plate, and an upper inclined column is detachably connected to the fixed bottom column.

[0023] Furthermore, an external threaded stud is provided on the top of the fixed bottom column, and an internal threaded hole threadedly matched with the external threaded stud is provided on the bottom of the upper inclined column.

[0024] Furthermore, a quick-install component is provided on the top beam, the quick-install component includes a lifting pallet, the lifting pallet is provided on the top beam, the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material is provided on the lifting pallet, and a positioning tube is provided on the lifting pallet.

[0025] Furthermore, there are multiple positioning tubes, and the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material is provided with multiple assembly holes that match the positioning tubes, so that the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material can be inserted into the assembly holes through the positioning tubes and installed on the lifting pallet.

[0026] Furthermore, it is characterized in that a mounting hole is opened in the middle of the surface of the positioning plate, and the lifting tray is arranged in the mounting hole.

[0027] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the energy-absorbing and impact-resistant top beam device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a top view of the energy-absorbing and impact-resistant top beam device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the energy-absorbing and impact-resistant top beam device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the local structure.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the energy-absorbing and impact-resistant top beam device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the top beam cover plate of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This invention Figure 6 AA cross-section diagram.

[0036] Figure 8 This invention Figure 6 BB cross-section diagram.

[0037] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the rubber metal spring in the energy-absorbing and impact-resistant top beam device of the present invention when it is disassembled.

[0038] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the energy-absorbing and impact-resistant top beam device of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 11 This invention Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the local structure.

[0040] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the energy-absorbing and impact-resistant top beam device of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 13 This invention Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the local structure.

[0042] In the figure: 1. Top beam; 2. Limiting ring; 21. Outer limiting ring; 22. Inner limiting ring; 23. Limiting groove; 24. First fixing hole; 25. Second fixing hole; 26. Ear plate; 3. Rubber metal spring; 4. Energy-absorbing and impact-resistant material; 5. Top beam cover; 51. Positioning ear plate; 52. Long ear hole; 6. Limiting pin; 7. Positioning plate; 71. Fixed column; 72. Fixed bottom column; 73. Upper inclined column; 8. Quick-release assembly; 81. Lifting tray; 82. Positioning tube; 83. Lifting ring DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. On the contrary, the embodiments of the present invention include all variations, modifications, and equivalents that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0044] like Figure 1-10 As shown, the present invention discloses a design method for a top beam device with energy absorption and impact prevention functions, comprising:

[0045] A limiting ring 2 is arranged around the top circumference of the hydraulic support top beam 1, and multiple rubber metal springs 3 are arranged in the limiting ring 2, so that multiple filling spaces are enclosed between the multiple rubber metal springs 3. The filling spaces are filled with energy-absorbing and impact-proof materials 4. Then, a top beam cover plate 5 connected to the top of the rubber metal spring 3 is arranged on the top of the rubber metal spring 3. Positioning lugs 51 are arranged around the bottom surface of the top beam cover plate 5. The positioning lugs 51 are movably inserted in the limiting ring 2 and can move up and down along the limiting ring 2;

[0046] It can be understood that a circle of limiting rings 2 is set on the circumferential side of the hydraulic support top beam 1, and multiple rubber metal springs 3 are located in the limiting ring 2, which can be blocked by the limiting ring 2, and multiple rubber metal springs 3 can enclose multiple filling spaces, and the energy-absorbing and anti-impact materials 4 can be filled in the filling spaces. When the top beam 1 is subjected to external impact, the top beam 1 first bears the external load through the rubber metal springs 3. According to design requirements, when the external force applied to the top beam 1 reaches a certain proportion of working resistance, the energy-absorbing and anti-impact material 4 begins to play a role, and through the limiting effect of the limiting ring 2 on the positioning ear plate 51, the top beam cover plate 5 will not separate from the limiting ring 2.

[0047] See Figure 3 , obtain the support force F of the hydraulic support, the ratio a between the external force on the hydraulic support and the support force F of the hydraulic support, the stiffness K and the number n of the rubber metal springs, and then calculate the distance S between the bottom surface of the top beam cover plate and the top of the energy-absorbing and anti-impact material when the top beam is not under force using formula (1):

[0048]

[0049] It can be understood that when the hydraulic support is not under force, the gap between the top beam cover plate 5 and the energy-absorbing and anti-impact material 4 is S. It is stipulated that when the external force applied to the hydraulic support reaches a certain proportion of the support force F of the hydraulic support, and the ratio a between the external force applied to the hydraulic support and the support force F of the hydraulic support is 80-90%, the lower surface of the top beam cover plate 5 contacts the upper surface of the energy-absorbing and anti-impact material 4.

[0050] Obtain the impact force P when the impact force received by the hydraulic support reaches or exceeds the compression value set by the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material, causing the bottom surface of the top beam cover plate to contact the top of the limit ring, and then calculate the distance h between the bottom surface of the top beam cover plate and the top of the limit ring when the top beam is not stressed according to formula (2):

[0051]

[0052] It can be understood that when the top beam 1 of the hydraulic support is not stressed, the gap between the lower surface of the top beam cover plate 5 and the top of the limit ring is h, and the maximum compression amount of the rubber-metal spring 3 should be greater than h. When the impact force P reaches or exceeds the compression value set by the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material 4, the bottom surface of the top beam cover plate 5 contacts the top of the limit ring.

[0053] Refer to Figure 4 , obtain the impact force when the top beam cover plate of the hydraulic support moves downward by a distance H (H < h) under the action of the impact force, and then calculate the impact work W received by the hydraulic support at this time according to formula (3): J , and at the same time calculate the impact energy W received by n rubber-metal springs according to formula (4): F :[[]]END]]

[0054] W J = U·H (3)

[0055] W F = 0.5nK·H 2 (4)

[0056] Obtain the quantity m of the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material, and calculate the impact work W absorbed by the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material according to formula (5): XM :[[]]END]]

[0057]

[0058] Obtain the surface area A of each energy-absorbing and impact-proof material and the energy C absorbed per unit volume of the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material, and then calculate the thickness T of the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material according to formula (6).

[0059]

[0060] In addition, it should also be noted that refer to Figure 5 , when the hydraulic support is not stressed, the gap between the rubber-metal springs 3 is L. When the hydraulic support is subjected to an external force, L becomes smaller, and the gap L is used to accommodate the lateral volume expansion deformation of the rubber-metal springs 3 when they are subjected to a vertical force.

[0061] In some embodiments, it further includes a limiting component provided on the limit ring 2. The limiting component is inserted into the positioning ear plate 51 and is used to prevent the positioning ear plate 51 from detaching from the limit ring 2 when moving up and down.

[0062] It can be understood that the limiting assembly set on the limiting ring 2 can limit the up and down movement distance of the top beam cover plate 5 by limiting and blocking the positioning ear plate 51, and can effectively prevent the positioning ear plate 51 from escaping from the limiting ring 2 and causing the top beam cover plate 5 to shift.

[0063] It should be noted that there may be various types of position limiting component structures that can limit the positioning ear plate 51 and do not hinder the upward and downward movement of the positioning ear plate 51 .

[0064] As a possible situation, the limiting component can be a limiting pin 6, and an elongated ear hole 52 is provided on the side wall of the positioning ear plate 51. The limiting pin 6 passes through the limiting ring 2 and is inserted into the elongated ear hole 52. The length of the elongated ear hole 52 is greater than the diameter of the limiting pin 6, so that the positioning ear plate 51 can move up and down along the limiting ring 2. At the same time, during the movement, the positioning ear plate 51 is blocked by the elongated ear hole 52, so that the positioning ear plate 51 will not fall out of the limiting ring 2.

[0065] In some embodiments, the limit ring 2 includes an outer limit ring 21 and an inner limit ring 22 sleeved inside the outer limit ring 21. A limit groove 23 is formed between the outer limit ring 21 and the inner limit ring 22. The positioning ear plate 51 is movably inserted into the limit groove 23. The limit pin 6 passes through the outer limit ring 21 and the inner limit ring 22 and is inserted into the elongated ear hole 52.

[0066] It can be understood that the outer limiting ring 21 and the inner limiting ring 22 can both be square frames, the inner limiting ring 22 is located in the outer limiting ring 21, and then a plurality of first fixing holes 24 are opened on the four side walls of the square frame of the outer limiting ring 21, and a plurality of second fixing holes 25 corresponding to the first fixing holes 24 are also opened on the four side walls of the square frame of the inner limiting ring 22, and at the same time, four positioning ear plates 51 are set on the bottom surface of the top beam cover plate 5, and the four positioning ear plates 51 are surrounded by a square, and each positioning ear plate 51 has a plurality of elongated ear holes 52, and the elongated ear holes 52 are aligned with the first fixing holes 24 and The second fixing holes 25 are all arranged correspondingly. During installation, the positioning ear plate 51 is inserted into the limiting groove 23 and then the limiting pin 6 is passed through the first fixing hole 24, the elongated ear hole 52 and the second fixing hole 25. In addition, in order to limit the limiting pin 6, two relatively set ear plates 26 can be set on the outer wall of the outer limiting ring 21 at the first fixing hole 24, and the first fixing hole 24 is located between the two ear plates 26. After the limiting pin 6 passes through the first fixing hole 24, the elongated ear hole 52 and the second fixing hole 25, the limiting pin 6 is blocked and limited by the stop pin passing through the two ear plates 26.

[0067] In some embodiments, a positioning plate 7 is provided on the top surface of the top beam 1 , the positioning plate 7 is located in the limiting ring 2 , a plurality of fixing columns 71 are provided on the surface of the positioning plate 7 , and a plurality of rubber metal springs 3 are respectively mounted on the plurality of fixing columns 71 .

[0068] It can be understood that the positioning plate 7 is arranged inside the inner limiting ring 22. When the multiple fixing columns 71 are installed on the positioning plate 7, a circle of fixing columns 71 are arranged on the side of the positioning plate 7. The multiple fixing columns 71 are arranged to form a square. Multiple fixing columns 71 are arranged in the middle of the enclosed square to divide one square into two squares. Then, a rubber metal spring 3 is installed on each fixing column 71, so that after the rubber metal spring 3 is installed, the middle part of the installed rubber metal spring 3 forms two square filling spaces for filling the energy-absorbing and anti-impact material 4, so that the two sides filled with the energy-absorbing and anti-impact material 4 are evenly surrounded by multiple rubber metal springs 3.

[0069] In some embodiments, the fixing column 71 includes a fixing bottom column 72 disposed on the positioning plate 7 , and an upper inclined column 73 is detachably connected to the fixing bottom column 72 .

[0070] It can be understood that in order to accurately and quickly complete the installation and positioning of the fixing column 71, a steel plate with positioning holes of a certain thickness, namely the positioning plate 7, is made. According to the layout requirements of the fixing column 71, a certain number of positioning holes are processed on the steel plate. The positioning holes penetrate the steel plate. The aperture A of the positioning holes is equal to the maximum outer diameter a of the fixing column 71. The spacing between the positioning holes is determined according to the layout requirements of the fixing column 71. During installation, the outer periphery of the positioning plate 7 is welded together with the positioning plate 7 and the top of the top beam 1 by filling welding. The depth of the weld is not less than the thickness of the positioning plate. Then, the fixing columns 71 are inserted into the positioning holes in sequence. At the same time, After welding is completed, the inner limiting ring 22 and the outer limiting ring 21 are welded around the top of the top beam 1. Then the rubber metal spring 3 is installed on the fixing column 71. The inner hole of the rubber metal spring 3 is tightly fitted with the fixing column 71. During installation, the deformation ability of the rubber outside the rubber metal spring 3 is used to squeeze the rubber metal spring 3 into the fixing column 71 to prevent the rubber metal spring 3 from loosening. When disassembling the rubber metal spring 3, the upper inclined column 73 is removed first to release the tight fit between the inner hole of the rubber metal spring 3 and the fixing column 71, and then the rubber metal spring 3 is removed in sequence.

[0071] In some embodiments, an external threaded stud is provided on the top of the fixed bottom column 72, and an internal threaded hole that is threadably matched with the external threaded stud is provided on the bottom of the upper inclined column 73.

[0072] It can be understood that a bevel is provided at the lower end of the fixed base column 72. The fixed base column 72 is first inserted into the positioning hole of the positioning plate 7 in sequence. The bevel at the lower end of the fixed base column 72 cooperates with the positioning hole of the positioning plate 7. The fixed base column 72 is welded together with the positioning plate 7 by welding, and the fixed base column 72 is completely installed in place. After the fixed base column 72 is completely welded, the threaded holes of the upper inclined column 73 are sequentially put on the external threaded studs of the fixed base column 72, and the upper inclined column 73 is rotated in sequence. When each upper inclined column 73 cannot rotate, the assembly of all the fixed columns 71 is completed.

[0073] In addition, it should be noted that a sleeve hole is provided at the top of the upper inclined column 72. When removing the rubber metal spring 3, first insert the sleeve into the upper inclined column 73 to match the sleeve hole, rotate the sleeve, remove the upper inclined column 73 in turn, and then remove the rubber metal spring 3 in turn to complete the removal of the rubber metal spring 3.

[0074] In some embodiments, a quick-install component 8 is also provided on the top beam 1 , the quick-install component 8 includes a lifting pallet 81 , the lifting pallet 81 is provided on the top beam 1 , the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material 4 is provided on the lifting pallet 81 , and a positioning tube 82 is provided on the lifting pallet 81 .

[0075] It is understood that the energy-absorbing and anti-collision material 4 is placed on the lifting tray 81, and an internal thread can be provided on the positioning tube 82. During installation, the lifting ring 83 is screwed into the positioning tube 82 and then placed into the square area surrounded by the rubber metal spring 3 on the top beam 1. The lifting ring 83 is then rotated in the opposite direction and removed, completing the installation of the energy-absorbing and anti-collision material 4. During disassembly, the lifting ring 83 is screwed into the positioning tube 82 and the lifting tray 81 and the energy-absorbing and anti-collision material 4 are lifted out of the square area surrounded by the rubber metal spring 3.

[0076] In some embodiments, there are multiple positioning tubes 82, and the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material 4 is provided with multiple assembly holes that match the positioning tubes 82, so that the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material 4 can be inserted into the assembly holes through the positioning tubes 82 and installed on the lifting pallet 81.

[0077] It can be understood that by providing an assembly hole on the energy-absorbing and impact-resistant material 4 that matches the positioning tube 82 , the energy-absorbing and impact-resistant material 4 can be prevented from shifting during installation and removal.

[0078] In some embodiments, a mounting hole is opened in the middle of the surface of the positioning plate 7, and the lifting tray 81 is set in the mounting hole. By setting the mounting hole on the surface of the positioning plate 7, the weight of the positioning plate 7 can be reduced, and the installation of the lifting tray 81 is also facilitated.

[0079] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0080] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes alternative implementations in which functions may be performed out of the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention pertain.

[0081] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0082] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for a top beam device with energy absorption and impact prevention function, characterized in that: include: A limiting ring is arranged around the top circumference of the hydraulic support top beam, and a plurality of rubber metal springs are arranged in the limiting ring, so that a plurality of filling spaces are enclosed between the plurality of rubber metal springs, and the filling spaces are filled with energy-absorbing and impact-proof materials. Then, a top beam cover plate connected to the top of the rubber metal spring is arranged on the top of the rubber metal spring, and positioning lugs are arranged around the bottom surface of the top beam cover plate. The positioning lugs are movably inserted into the limiting ring and can move up and down along the limiting ring; Obtain the support force F of the hydraulic support, the ratio a between the external force on the hydraulic support and the support force F of the hydraulic support, the stiffness K and the number n of the rubber metal springs, and then calculate the distance S between the bottom surface of the top beam cover plate and the top of the energy-absorbing and anti-impact material when the top beam is not under force using formula (1): (1) Obtain the impact force P when the impact force on the hydraulic support reaches or exceeds the compression value set by the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material, causing the bottom surface of the top beam cover plate to contact the top of the limit ring. Then, calculate the distance h between the bottom surface of the top beam cover plate and the top of the limit ring when the top beam is not under force using formula (2): (2) Obtain the impact force when the top beam cover of the hydraulic support moves downward by a distance of H under the impact force, H≤h, and then calculate the impact work received by the hydraulic support at this time by formula (3): , and the impact energy of n rubber metal springs is calculated by formula (4): : (3) (4) Obtain the amount of energy-absorbing and anti-impact materials m, and calculate the impact energy absorbed by the energy-absorbing and anti-impact materials using formula (5): : (5) Obtain the surface area A of each energy-absorbing and anti-collision material and the energy C absorbed per unit volume of the energy-absorbing and anti-collision material, and then calculate the thickness T of the energy-absorbing and anti-collision material by formula (6): (6)。 2. The design method of a top beam device with energy absorption and impact prevention function according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a limiting component arranged on the limiting ring, and the limiting component is plugged into the positioning ear plate to prevent the positioning ear plate from separating from the limiting ring when moving up and down.

3. The design method of a top beam device with energy absorption and impact prevention function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting component is a limiting pin shaft, and an elongated ear hole is provided on the side wall of the positioning ear plate. The limiting pin shaft passes through the limiting ring and is inserted into the elongated ear hole. The length of the elongated ear hole is greater than the diameter of the limiting pin shaft, so that the positioning ear plate can move up and down along the limiting ring.

4. The design method of a top beam device with energy absorption and impact prevention function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting ring includes an outer limiting ring and an inner limiting ring sleeved inside the outer limiting ring. A limiting groove is formed between the outer limiting ring and the inner limiting ring. The positioning ear plate is movably inserted into the limiting groove. The limiting pin passes through the outer limiting ring and the inner limiting ring and is inserted into the elongated ear hole.

5. The design method of a top beam device with energy absorption and impact prevention function according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a positioning plate arranged on the top surface of the top beam, the positioning plate is located in the limiting ring, a plurality of fixing columns are arranged on the surface of the positioning plate, and the plurality of rubber metal springs are respectively sleeved on the plurality of fixing columns.

6. The design method of a top beam device with energy absorption and impact prevention function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed column includes a fixed bottom column arranged on the positioning plate, and an upper inclined column is detachably connected to the fixed bottom column.

7. The design method of a top beam device with energy absorption and impact prevention function according to claim 6, characterized in that: An external threaded stud is provided on the top of the fixed bottom column, and an internal threaded hole threadably matched with the external threaded stud is provided on the bottom of the upper inclined column.

8. The design method of a top beam device with energy absorption and impact prevention function according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a quick-install component arranged on the top beam, the quick-install component includes a lifting pallet, the lifting pallet is arranged on the top beam, the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material is arranged on the lifting pallet, and a positioning tube is arranged on the lifting pallet.

9. The design method of a top beam device with energy absorption and impact prevention function according to claim 8, characterized in that: There are multiple positioning tubes, and the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material is provided with multiple assembly holes that match the positioning tubes, so that the energy-absorbing and impact-proof material can be inserted into the assembly holes through the positioning tubes and installed on the lifting pallet.

10. The design method of a top beam device with energy absorption and impact prevention function according to claim 8, characterized in that: A mounting hole is opened in the middle of the surface of the positioning plate, and the lifting tray is arranged in the mounting hole.

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