Multi-level insulation detection control method and device suitable for whole vehicle high-voltage system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multilevel insulation detection control method and device suitable for whole vehicle high pressure system, comprising: when the insulation of whole vehicle is abnormal, control 1~M power battery packs inside insulation detection module to monitor the insulation state of each power battery pack, upload to BMS controller and display in integrated display control terminal;Control 1~N contactor in high voltage distribution box to attract and open, and upload the insulation state information of 1~N high voltage distribution box to BMS controller one by one and display in integrated display control terminal;Attract the contactor in the high voltage distribution box corresponding to the power battery pack with normal insulation one by one, and control 1~K high voltage accessories corresponding to the contactor in high voltage distribution box to attract one by one, upload the insulation state information to BMS controller one by one and display in integrated display control terminal;The power battery pack with normal insulation, the high voltage distribution box with normal insulation, the high voltage accessory with normal insulation are connected to whole vehicle high pressure system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electric vehicle technology, and in particular to a multi-level insulation detection and control method and device applicable to the high-voltage system of a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the popularization and development of electric vehicles, their safety has become increasingly important. Electric vehicles are primarily powered by high-voltage battery packs, which control the power distribution of all electrical equipment in the vehicle via a high-voltage distribution box. Any abnormality in the vehicle's insulation will directly affect the safety of the vehicle and its occupants. Therefore, real-time monitoring of the vehicle's insulation status and diagnosis of insulation faults are essential.

[0003] Currently, insulation diagnosis for electric vehicles mainly uses resistance testing. However, current insulation resistance testing functions are limited and cannot quickly locate the fault point after an insulation abnormality is detected. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a multi-level insulation detection and control method and device applicable to the high-voltage system of a vehicle, in order to solve or partially solve the technical problem of being unable to quickly locate the fault point after insulation abnormality.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the first aspect of this invention discloses a multi-level insulation detection and control method applicable to a vehicle high-voltage system. The method is applied to a multi-level insulation detection and control device applicable to a vehicle high-voltage system. In this device, 1 to M power battery packs and 1 to K high-voltage accessories are connected at the same level to a high-voltage distribution box. The 1 to M power battery packs, 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes, BMS controller, and integrated display and control terminal are connected layer by layer. The 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes are redundant, the 1 to M power battery packs are redundant, and accessories with the same function among the 1 to K high-voltage accessories are redundant, where 2≤M≤N and 2≤K.

[0006] The method includes:

[0007] When the insulation of the whole vehicle is abnormal, the insulation detection module inside the 1 to M power battery packs is controlled to monitor the insulation status of each power battery pack, and the insulation status information of the 1 to M power battery packs is uploaded to the BMS controller and displayed on the integrated display and control terminal.

[0008] The BMS controller controls the contactors in the 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes to engage and disengage, and uploads the insulation status information of the 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes to the BMS controller one by one and displays it on the integrated display and control terminal;

[0009] The BMS controller sequentially engages the contactors in the high-voltage distribution box corresponding to each normally insulated power battery pack, thereby connecting the normally insulated power battery pack to the high-voltage bus.

[0010] The BMS controller controls the interconnection of high-voltage distribution boxes with normal insulation, controls the contactors in the high-voltage distribution boxes corresponding to the 1 to K high-voltage accessories to engage one by one, and uploads the insulation status information of the 1 to K high-voltage accessories one by one to the BMS controller and displays it on the integrated display and control terminal;

[0011] The BMS controller connects the normally insulated power battery pack, normally insulated high-voltage distribution box, and normally insulated high-voltage accessories to the vehicle's high-voltage system, and detects the insulation status of the vehicle's high-voltage system.

[0012] Preferably, when the insulation of the entire vehicle is abnormal, the method further includes:

[0013] The BMS controller receives the one-button insulation detection control command from the upper-level integrated display and control terminal via CAN communication;

[0014] Based on the one-click insulation detection control command, the following steps are executed: "Control the insulation detection modules inside the 1 to M power battery packs to monitor the insulation status of each power battery pack, upload the insulation status information of the 1 to M power battery packs to the BMS controller and display it on the integrated display and control terminal".

[0015] Preferably, the method further includes:

[0016] If an insulation abnormality occurs after a normally insulated power battery pack is connected to the corresponding high-voltage distribution box, the contactor in the corresponding high-voltage distribution box will be disconnected to isolate the power battery pack with the abnormal insulation; or another normally insulated power battery pack will be used to replace the power battery pack with the one with the abnormal insulation in situ.

[0017] Preferably, the method further includes:

[0018] If the insulation of a high-voltage accessory is abnormal after it is connected to the high-voltage bus, the contactor in the corresponding high-voltage distribution box will be disconnected to isolate the high-voltage accessory with abnormal insulation; or other normal high-voltage accessories can be used to replace the high-voltage accessory with abnormal insulation in its original position.

[0019] Preferably, the method further includes:

[0020] If the insulation of the high-voltage distribution box is abnormal, isolate the high-voltage distribution box with abnormal insulation; or replace the high-voltage distribution box with another normal high-voltage distribution box in its original position.

[0021] Preferably, the method further includes:

[0022] When a properly insulated power battery pack is connected to the high-voltage bus, the insulation status of the vehicle's high-voltage system is detected by the insulation detection module inside the properly insulated power battery pack, and the detected insulation status is reported level by level through CAN communication.

[0023] Preferably, the method further includes:

[0024] When multiple normally insulated power battery packs are connected to the high-voltage bus at the same time, the insulation monitoring module inside any normally insulated power battery pack is controlled to be in working state to monitor the insulation resistance of the vehicle's high-voltage bus, so as to monitor the insulation status of the vehicle's high-voltage system.

[0025] Preferably, the method further includes:

[0026] When a fault is detected in the power battery pack of the vehicle's high-voltage system, the BMS controller controls the corresponding high-voltage distribution box to disconnect the faulty power battery pack, and the insulation status of the vehicle's high-voltage system is detected by the insulation detection module in another power battery pack with normal insulation.

[0027] A second aspect of the present invention discloses a multi-level insulation detection and control device applicable to the high-voltage system of a vehicle, comprising: an integrated display and control terminal, a BMS controller, 1 to M power battery packs, 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes, 1 to K high-voltage accessories, where 2 ≤ M ≤ N and 2 ≤ K;

[0028] The integrated display and control terminal is connected to the BMS controller via a CAN bus and uses CAN communication for data exchange.

[0029] The BMS controller is connected to the 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes; the 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes have the same structure and principle, and are redundant with each other; each high-voltage distribution box is connected to each power battery pack and high-voltage accessories through a contactor;

[0030] The 1 to M power battery packs are directly connected to the 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes, and the power of each power battery pack is supplied to other electrical equipment through the high-voltage distribution boxes; the 1 to M power battery packs have the same structural principle and are mutually redundant.

[0031] The 1 to K high-voltage accessories are connected to the high-voltage busbar through their respective high-voltage distribution boxes; accessories with the same function among the 1 to K high-voltage accessories are redundant; wherein, the power battery pack and the high-voltage accessories can be connected to the same high-voltage distribution box, or they can be connected to different distribution boxes.

[0032] A third aspect of the present invention discloses a vehicle including a multi-level insulation detection and control device applicable to the high-voltage system of a vehicle as described above.

[0033] Through one or more technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages:

[0034] This invention discloses a multi-level insulation detection and control method and device applicable to the high-voltage system of a vehicle. When the insulation of the vehicle is abnormal, the BMS controls the insulation fault of the vehicle to be detected and diagnosed in the order of power battery pack insulation → high-voltage distribution box insulation → high-voltage accessory insulation → vehicle insulation, thereby realizing the rapid location of insulation faults and reducing the vehicle troubleshooting time.

[0035] This invention discloses a multi-level insulation detection and control method and device applicable to the high-voltage system of a vehicle. Through multiple redundancy designs, multiple power battery packs and multiple high-voltage distribution boxes are mutually redundant. After isolating and shielding the diagnosed insulation fault points, the vehicle can continue to operate, improving the reliability of the vehicle and solving the problem of not being able to continue operating when the vehicle has an insulation fault.

[0036] This invention discloses a multi-level insulation detection and control method and device applicable to the high-voltage system of a vehicle. The insulation detection module of the vehicle also adopts a multi-redundancy design. After a single insulation detection module fails, other insulation detection modules can take over the work, ensuring continuous diagnosis of the vehicle's insulation, thereby solving the problem of insulation detection module failure.

[0037] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and in order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings.

[0039] In the attached diagram:

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multi-level insulation detection and control device for a vehicle high-voltage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0041] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a multi-level insulation detection and control method applicable to a vehicle high-voltage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0042] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the invention and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0043] This invention discloses a multi-level insulation detection and control method applicable to a vehicle high-voltage system, wherein the method is applied to a multi-level insulation detection and control device applicable to a vehicle high-voltage system. To illustrate and explain this invention, the device of this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0044] See Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-level insulation detection and control device for a vehicle high-voltage system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The device includes: an integrated display and control terminal 101, a BMS controller 102, and 1 to M power battery packs, numbered M1, M2…M… m There are 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes, numbered N1, N2…N n There are 1 to K high-voltage accessories, numbered K1, K2…K k ; 2≤M≤N, 2≤K. Among them, 1 to M power battery packs and 1 to K high-voltage accessories are connected to the high-voltage distribution box at the same level; 1 to M power battery packs, 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes, BMS controller 102, and integrated display and control terminal 101 are connected in stages.

[0045] Specifically, the integrated display and control terminal 101 is connected to the BMS controller 102 via a CAN bus, and uses CAN communication for data exchange. The integrated display and control terminal 101 is powered by the vehicle's 24V low-voltage power supply.

[0046] The BMS controller 102 connects to 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes. These boxes transmit information such as the insulation status and power-on / off status of 1 to M power battery packs and 1 to K high-voltage accessories to the BMS controller 102 via CAN communication. The 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes have identical structural principles, are redundant with each other, and are completely equivalent and replaceable. Each high-voltage distribution box is internally connected to each power battery pack and high-voltage accessory via contactors. If one high-voltage distribution box experiences an insulation failure, it can be directly isolated, or, according to the vehicle's operational requirements, other normal distribution boxes can be replaced in situ with the faulty box, improving the overall reliability of the vehicle.

[0047] One to M power battery packs are directly connected to one to N high-voltage distribution boxes, which in turn connect to the high-voltage busbar, supplying power from each battery pack to other electrical equipment. The one to M power battery packs have identical structural principles, are mutually redundant, and are completely interchangeable. The one to N high-voltage distribution boxes use contactors to connect or disconnect the one to M power battery packs from the vehicle's high-voltage system. Each power battery pack has its own corresponding insulation monitoring module for automatic insulation detection. Notably, the insulation monitoring modules of each power battery pack are designed with redundancy.

[0048] One to K high-voltage accessories are connected to the high-voltage busbar through their respective high-voltage distribution boxes. These accessories constitute the high-voltage electrical equipment of the vehicle, including multi-function controllers, drive motors, power units, and other devices, serving as the actuators for the normal operation of the vehicle. Since complete redundancy is not possible with these accessories due to their different functions, redundancy is implemented for accessories with identical functions. This ensures that accessories with the same function are mutually redundant, allowing the vehicle to continue operating even if one accessory fails and is isolated, without losing any vehicle function or degrading its operation, thus improving overall vehicle reliability. The high-voltage accessories are connected to the high-voltage busbar through their corresponding high-voltage distribution boxes to ensure normal vehicle operation and driving. The high-voltage distribution boxes (numbers 1 to N) use contactors to connect or disconnect the high-voltage accessories from the vehicle's high-voltage system.

[0049] The power battery pack and high-voltage accessories can be connected to the same high-voltage distribution box, or they can be connected to different distribution boxes. Specifically, when the number of power battery packs is the same as the number of high-voltage distribution boxes, the relationship between the power battery pack and the high-voltage distribution box is one-to-one; when the number of power battery packs is less than the number of high-voltage distribution boxes, in addition to the one-to-one connection between the power battery packs and the high-voltage distribution boxes, the extra high-voltage distribution boxes are connected to the high-voltage accessories.

[0050] Based on the above structure, the BMS controller 102 receives status information such as insulation resistance and bus voltage from the vehicle's battery pack, high-voltage distribution boxes, and high-voltage accessories. This information is then uploaded to the integrated display and control terminal 101 and displayed to the driver in graphical form. Therefore, the driver can observe the current insulation status and other status information of the entire vehicle in real time through the integrated display and control terminal 101. Meanwhile, the BMS controller 102 controls the engagement / disengagement of contactors at various levels within 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes to complete the power-on / power-off operations of each device on the high-voltage bus. Simultaneously, the 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes upload the insulation status information of each high-voltage device to the BMS controller 102.

[0051] The 1 to M power battery packs are designed to be redundant, the 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes are designed to be redundant, and the accessories with the same function among the 1 to K high-voltage accessories are redundant. Therefore, when a single device has an insulation failure, the vehicle can still operate and drive under normal or emergency conditions by isolating the fault point.

[0052] Based on the above structure and implementation principle, this embodiment of the invention also provides a multi-level insulation detection and control method applicable to the high-voltage system of a vehicle. When the insulation of the vehicle is abnormal, the driver can perform a one-click operation on the integrated display and control terminal 101. The BMS controller 102 receives the one-click insulation detection and control command from the upper integrated display and control terminal 101 via CAN communication, and uploads the insulation status and other status information of 1 to M power battery packs, 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes, and 1 to K high-voltage accessories to the integrated display and control terminal 101 for display according to the one-click insulation detection and control command.

[0053] See Figure 2 This refers to the specific implementation process of the BMS controller 102 controlling the insulation faults of the entire vehicle in the order of power battery pack insulation → high-voltage distribution box insulation → high-voltage accessory insulation → overall vehicle insulation, realizing the bottom-up step-by-step insulation detection and diagnosis, including the following steps:

[0054] Step 201: When the insulation of the whole vehicle is abnormal, control the insulation detection module inside 1 to M power battery packs to monitor the insulation status of each power battery pack, upload the insulation status information of 1 to M power battery packs to the BMS controller and display it on the integrated display and control terminal.

[0055] In this embodiment, each power battery pack is equipped with an insulation detection module to monitor and report the insulation status of its respective power battery pack. Furthermore, the insulation detection modules of each power battery pack are redundantly designed, so that if the insulation detection module of a single power battery pack fails, any other insulation detection module can take over the monitoring.

[0056] Step 202: The BMS controller controls the contactors in 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes to engage and disengage, and uploads the insulation status information of 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes to the BMS controller one by one and displays it on the integrated display terminal.

[0057] In this embodiment, the BMS controller 102 receives the one-button insulation detection control command from the upper-level integrated display and control terminal 101 via CAN communication, and then converts the one-button insulation detection control command and sends it to the lower-level 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes via CAN communication, thereby controlling the engagement and disengagement of each contactor in the 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes to obtain the insulation status information of the 1 to N high-voltage distribution boxes.

[0058] If the insulation of the high-voltage distribution box is abnormal, isolate the high-voltage distribution box with abnormal insulation to ensure the emergency operation or driving of the vehicle; or replace the high-voltage distribution box with another normal high-voltage distribution box in situ to improve the reliability of the vehicle operation.

[0059] Step 203: The BMS controller engages the contactors in the high-voltage distribution boxes corresponding to the normally insulated power battery packs one by one, so as to connect the normally insulated power battery packs to the high-voltage bus.

[0060] Connecting to the high-voltage busbar means connecting to the vehicle's high-voltage system.

[0061] In one alternative implementation, if an insulation abnormality occurs after a normally insulated power battery pack is connected to the corresponding high-voltage distribution box, the contactor in the corresponding high-voltage distribution box is disconnected to isolate the power battery pack with the abnormal insulation, thereby enabling emergency operation and driving; or other normally insulated power battery packs are used to replace the power battery pack with the power pack with the abnormal insulation in situ, thereby improving the reliability of the vehicle operation.

[0062] Step 204: The BMS controller controls the interconnection of high-voltage distribution boxes with normal insulation, and controls the contactors in the high-voltage distribution boxes corresponding to 1 to K high-voltage accessories to engage one by one, and uploads the insulation status information of 1 to K high-voltage accessories to the BMS controller and displays it on the integrated display terminal.

[0063] In this implementation, insulation testing of each high-voltage accessory can be completed by controlling the contactors in the high-voltage distribution boxes corresponding to 1 to K high-voltage accessories to engage one by one. If the insulation of a high-voltage accessory is abnormal after being connected to the high-voltage busbar, the contactor in the corresponding high-voltage distribution box is controlled to disconnect, thus isolating the high-voltage accessory with abnormal insulation and troubleshooting in a timely manner to ensure emergency operation or driving of the entire vehicle; or other normal high-voltage accessories can be used to replace the high-voltage accessory with abnormal insulation in situ, thereby improving the reliability of the entire vehicle's operation.

[0064] Step 205: The BMS controller connects the normally insulated power battery pack, normally insulated high-voltage distribution box, and normally insulated high-voltage accessories to the vehicle's high-voltage system, and detects the insulation status of the vehicle's high-voltage system.

[0065] In this embodiment, when a normally insulated power battery pack is connected to the high-voltage bus, the insulation status of the vehicle's high-voltage system is detected by the insulation detection module inside the normally insulated power battery pack, and the detected insulation status is reported level by level through CAN communication.

[0066] Specifically, when multiple normally insulated battery packs are simultaneously connected to the high-voltage bus, the insulation monitoring module inside any normally insulated battery pack is activated to monitor the insulation resistance of the vehicle's high-voltage bus, thereby monitoring the insulation status of the vehicle's high-voltage system. When there are two or more normally insulated battery packs, and a fault is detected in a battery pack within the vehicle's high-voltage system, the BMS controller 102 controls the corresponding high-voltage distribution box to disconnect the faulty battery pack. The insulation status of the vehicle's high-voltage system is then monitored in real time by the insulation detection modules within other normally insulated battery packs, allowing them to continue operating and ensuring continuous diagnosis of the vehicle's insulation.

[0067] This technical solution addresses the difficulty of insulation detection and diagnosis when the vehicle's insulation is abnormal. The integrated display and control terminal 101 can display the current insulation status of the entire vehicle in real time. Custom insulation detection settings can be configured on the terminal, allowing for rapid location of insulation faults and timely isolation, thus reducing the impact of insulation faults on the safety of the vehicle and its occupants. Regarding the issue of the vehicle's high-voltage system failing to power on due to insulation abnormalities, the redundant design of the high-voltage system ensures that the vehicle can still operate normally and run, thanks to the isolation and protection of insulation fault points. This improves the reliability and stability of the entire vehicle system while ensuring the safety of the vehicle and its occupants.

[0068] Based on the same inventive concept as one or more of the above embodiments, the following embodiments describe a vehicle including the multi-level insulation detection and control device applicable to the high-voltage system of the whole vehicle as described above.

[0069] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0070] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A multi-level insulation detection and control method applicable to high-voltage systems of vehicles, characterized in that, The method is applied to a multi-level insulation detection and control device suitable for a vehicle's high-voltage system. In this device, M power battery packs and K high-voltage accessories are connected to a high-voltage distribution box at the same level. The M power battery packs, N high-voltage distribution boxes, BMS controller, and integrated display and control terminal are connected in stages. The N high-voltage distribution boxes are redundant, the M power battery packs are redundant, and accessories with the same function among the K high-voltage accessories are redundant, where 2≤M≤N and 2≤K. The method includes: When the insulation of the whole vehicle is abnormal, the insulation detection module inside the M power battery packs is controlled to monitor the insulation status of each power battery pack, and the insulation status information of the M power battery packs is uploaded to the BMS controller and displayed on the integrated display and control terminal. The BMS controller controls the contactors in the N high-voltage distribution boxes to engage and disengage, and uploads the insulation status information of the N high-voltage distribution boxes to the BMS controller one by one and displays it on the integrated display and control terminal; The BMS controller sequentially engages the contactors in the high-voltage distribution box corresponding to each normally insulated power battery pack to connect the normally insulated power battery pack to the high-voltage bus. When the normally insulated power battery pack is connected to the high-voltage bus, the insulation status of the vehicle's high-voltage system is detected by the insulation detection module inside the normally insulated power battery pack, and the detected insulation status is reported level by level through CAN communication. The BMS controller controls the interconnection of high-voltage distribution boxes with normal insulation, controls the contactors in the high-voltage distribution boxes corresponding to the K high-voltage accessories to engage one by one, and uploads the insulation status information of the K high-voltage accessories to the BMS controller and displays it on the integrated display and control terminal. The BMS controller connects the normally insulated power battery pack, normally insulated high-voltage distribution box, and normally insulated high-voltage accessories to the vehicle's high-voltage system, and detects the insulation status of the vehicle's high-voltage system.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the insulation of the entire vehicle is abnormal, the method further includes: The BMS controller receives the one-button insulation detection control command from the upper-level integrated display and control terminal via CAN communication; Based on the one-click insulation detection control command, the following steps are executed: "Control the insulation detection modules inside the M power battery packs to monitor the insulation status of each power battery pack, upload the insulation status information of the M power battery packs to the BMS controller and display it on the integrated display and control terminal".

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: If an insulation abnormality occurs after a normally insulated power battery pack is connected to the corresponding high-voltage distribution box, the contactor in the corresponding high-voltage distribution box will be disconnected to isolate the power battery pack with the abnormal insulation; or another normally insulated power battery pack will be used to replace the power battery pack with the one with the abnormal insulation in situ.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the insulation of a high-voltage accessory is abnormal after it is connected to the high-voltage bus, the contactor in the corresponding high-voltage distribution box will be disconnected to isolate the high-voltage accessory with abnormal insulation; or other normal high-voltage accessories can be used to replace the high-voltage accessory with abnormal insulation in its original position.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the insulation of the high-voltage distribution box is abnormal, isolate the high-voltage distribution box with abnormal insulation; or replace the high-voltage distribution box with another normal high-voltage distribution box in its original position.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When multiple normally insulated power battery packs are connected to the high-voltage bus at the same time, the insulation monitoring module inside any normally insulated power battery pack is controlled to be in working state to monitor the insulation resistance of the vehicle's high-voltage bus, so as to monitor the insulation status of the vehicle's high-voltage system.

7. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When a fault is detected in the power battery pack of the vehicle's high-voltage system, the BMS controller controls the corresponding high-voltage distribution box to disconnect the faulty power battery pack, and the insulation status of the vehicle's high-voltage system is detected by the insulation detection module in another power battery pack with normal insulation.

8. A multi-level insulation detection and control device suitable for high-voltage systems in vehicles, characterized in that, include: The system consists of an integrated display and control terminal, a BMS controller, M power battery packs, N high-voltage distribution boxes, and K high-voltage accessories, where 2 ≤ M ≤ N and 2 ≤ K. The integrated display and control terminal is connected to the BMS controller via a CAN bus and uses CAN communication for data exchange. The BMS controller is connected to the N high-voltage distribution boxes; the N high-voltage distribution boxes have the same structure and principle, and are mutually redundant. Each high-voltage distribution box is connected to each power battery pack and high-voltage accessories via a contactor. The M power battery packs are directly connected to the N high-voltage distribution boxes, and the power of each power battery pack is supplied to other electrical equipment through the high-voltage distribution boxes; the M power battery packs have the same structural principle and are redundant with each other; The K high-voltage accessories are connected to the high-voltage busbar through their respective high-voltage distribution boxes; accessories with the same function among the K high-voltage accessories are redundant; wherein, the power battery pack and the high-voltage accessories are connected to the same high-voltage distribution box, or each is connected to a different distribution box. When the insulation of the whole vehicle is abnormal, the insulation detection module inside the M power battery packs monitors the insulation status of each power battery pack, uploads the insulation status information of the M power battery packs to the BMS controller and displays it on the integrated display and control terminal; The BMS controller controls the contactors in the N high-voltage distribution boxes to engage and disengage, and uploads the insulation status information of the N high-voltage distribution boxes to the BMS controller one by one and displays it on the integrated display and control terminal; The BMS controller sequentially engages the contactors in the high-voltage distribution box corresponding to each normally insulated power battery pack to connect the normally insulated power battery pack to the high-voltage bus. When the normally insulated power battery pack is connected to the high-voltage bus, the insulation status of the vehicle's high-voltage system is detected by the insulation detection module inside the normally insulated power battery pack, and the detected insulation status is reported level by level through CAN communication. The BMS controller controls the interconnection of high-voltage distribution boxes with normal insulation, controls the contactors in the high-voltage distribution boxes corresponding to the K high-voltage accessories to engage one by one, and uploads the insulation status information of the K high-voltage accessories to the BMS controller and displays it on the integrated display and control terminal. The BMS controller connects the normally insulated power battery pack, normally insulated high-voltage distribution box, and normally insulated high-voltage accessories to the vehicle's high-voltage system, and detects the insulation status of the vehicle's high-voltage system.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the multi-level insulation detection and control device for high-voltage systems of vehicles as described in claim 8.

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