Optical cable for wide temperature range and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses an optical cable for a wide temperature range and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of optical cables. The optical cable for a wide temperature range includes an optical fiber and a composite material. The composite material includes a matrix layer and a plurality of reinforcing fibers. The matrix layer is coaxially arranged on the optical fiber, and the plurality of reinforcing fibers are uniformly and spacedly arranged in the matrix layer. The matrix layer and the plurality of reinforcing fibers extend along the length direction of the optical fiber, and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the composite material is 5-9×10<supgt;-7< / supgt>℃<supgt;-1< / supgt>. The optical cable for a wide temperature range provided by the embodiment of the present invention not only has a simple structure, but also can form a protective layer for the optical fiber, and can also achieve transmission under the condition of a wide temperature range of -100°C to +150°C, and the additional attenuation at the full temperature is at a low level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of optical cables, and more specifically, relates to an optical cable for a wide temperature range and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As optical fiber and cable technology matures, the application areas of optical cables are further expanded, which not only puts forward higher requirements on the tensile strength of optical fiber and cable, but also puts forward higher requirements on the operating temperature range of optical cables.

[0003] At present, the thermal expansion coefficients of optical fiber and outer sheath differ greatly in the use temperature range of -40 to +80℃, but due to the small use temperature range, the deformation difference between the optical fiber and the outer sheath is small (the deformation difference can be regarded as the difference after the integration of the thermal expansion coefficient of the two within the temperature range), and the interaction force between the two is small, resulting in limited additional attenuation of the product. When the use temperature range of the optical cable is further widened, for example: -100℃ to +150℃, the temperature range has been significantly improved, resulting in a large deformation difference between the optical fiber and the outer sheath, and a large interaction force between the two, resulting in the maximum additional attenuation of the optical fiber fluctuating from a few dB to dozens of dB, and even in some extreme cases, there is a possibility of fiber breakage interrupting signal transmission. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides an optical cable for a wide temperature range and a preparation method thereof, the purpose of which is not only to have a simple structure, but also to form a protective layer for the optical fiber, and to achieve transmission under a wide temperature range of -100°C to +150°C, and the additional attenuation at all temperatures is at a low level.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an optical cable for a wide temperature range, the optical cable for a wide temperature range comprising an optical fiber and a composite material;

[0006] The composite material comprises a matrix layer and a plurality of reinforcing fibers, wherein the matrix layer is coaxially arranged on the optical fiber, the plurality of reinforcing fibers are evenly spaced and arranged in the matrix layer, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcing fibers is 10-50% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the matrix layer, the matrix layer and the plurality of reinforcing fibers extend along the length direction of the optical fiber, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material is 5-9×10 -7 ℃ -1 .

[0007] Optionally, the modulus factor of the plurality of reinforcing fibers is 5 to 150 GPa, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the reinforcing fibers is -5 to 7×10 -7 ℃ -1 The modulus factor of the base layer is 0.5 to 2 GPa, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the base layer is 50 to 180×10-7 ℃ -1 .

[0008] Optionally, the outer diameter of the optical cable for a wide temperature range is 0.6-8.0 mm, and the diameter of the optical fiber is 0.2-0.3 mm.

[0009] Optionally, the reinforcing fiber is glass yarn, glass fiber, quartz fiber, aramid, polyimide fiber, PBO fiber or polyethylene fiber.

[0010] Optionally, the base layer is a thermosetting resin, an ultraviolet curing resin, a heat curing silicone rubber, a heat curing polyimide, an epoxy resin, a liquid crystal material or a polyamide material.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an optical cable for a wide temperature range, the preparation method being based on the optical cable for a wide temperature range described in the first aspect, the preparation method comprising:

[0012] Determining the thermal expansion coefficients of the matrix layer and the plurality of reinforcing fibers, and calculating the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material;

[0013] Based on the matrix layer and the plurality of reinforcing fibers corresponding to the composite material, multiple layers of the matrix layer are arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the optical fiber, and in the process of arranging the multiple layers of the matrix layer, the plurality of reinforcing fibers are uniformly woven or twisted between two adjacent matrix layers.

[0014] Optionally, calculating the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material includes:

[0015] The thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material is calculated using the following formula:

[0016]

[0017] Among them, C f and C m are the thermal expansion coefficients of the reinforcing fiber and the matrix layer, respectively, in °C -1 , M f and M m are the modulus factors of the reinforcing fiber and the matrix layer, respectively, in GPa, and C is the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material, in °C -1 .

[0018] Optionally, the uniformly weaving or twisting a plurality of the reinforcing fibers between two adjacent base layers comprises:

[0019] Between two adjacent base layers, N reinforcing fibers are evenly woven, wherein 0.5N reinforcing fibers are woven in a forward direction, and 0.5N reinforcing fibers are woven in a reverse direction, and the forward weaving and the reverse weaving are performed alternately.

[0020] Optionally, the uniformly weaving or twisting a plurality of the reinforcing fibers between two adjacent base layers comprises:

[0021] Between two adjacent matrix layers, a plurality of the reinforcing fibers are uniformly twisted in the forward direction, and between another two adjacent matrix layers, a plurality of the reinforcing fibers are uniformly twisted in the reverse direction, the forward twisting direction and the reverse twisting direction are symmetrical along the axis of the optical fiber, and the two twistings satisfy the following formula:

[0022] F=N s F s sinθ s -N z F z sinθ z ;

[0023] Among them, θ s and θ z Represents the angles of forward twist and reverse twist respectively, N s is the number of the reinforcing fibers twisted in the forward direction, N Z is the number of the reinforcing fibers twisted in the forward direction, F s and F z They represent the pay-off tension of the reinforcing fiber during forward twisting and reverse twisting, respectively, and the unit is N; F is the torsional force exerted on the optical cable for wide temperature range, and the unit is N.

[0024] Optionally, before arranging multiple layers of the matrix layer on the outer peripheral wall of the optical fiber based on the matrix layer and the plurality of reinforcing fibers corresponding to the composite material, the preparation method further comprises:

[0025] The optical fiber is drawn using a doped core glass rod, and the surface of the optical fiber is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene material during the drawing process.

[0026] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] For an optical cable for a wide temperature range provided in an embodiment of the present invention, since the optical cable for a wide temperature range includes an optical fiber and a composite material, the composite material includes a matrix layer and a plurality of reinforcing fibers, the matrix layer is coaxially arranged on the optical fiber, the matrix layer and the reinforcing fibers have a simple structure, and a protective layer structure is formed outside the optical fiber to prevent the optical fiber from being damaged during transportation or use.

[0028] Furthermore, a plurality of reinforcing fibers are evenly spaced and arranged in the matrix layer, the matrix layer and the plurality of reinforcing fibers extend along the length direction of the optical fiber, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material is 5 to 9×10 -7 ℃ -1 At this time, the matrix layer and the plurality of reinforcing fibers form a composite material, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material (5 to 9×10 -7 ℃ -1 ) can match the thermal expansion coefficient of optical fiber (6~7×10 -7 ℃ -1 ), the thermal expansion coefficients of the two are close. At this time, even in a wide temperature range of -100℃~+150℃, the deformation of the optical fiber and the composite material is still relatively small, and transmission can be achieved under such a wide temperature range of -100℃~+150℃, and the full-temperature additional attenuation is at a low level (no more than 0.5dB), thereby reducing the large additional attenuation of the optical fiber under extreme temperature conditions due to the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient of the external material of the optical fiber and the thermal expansion coefficient of the optical fiber itself when the wide temperature range is used.

[0029] That is to say, the optical cable for a wide temperature range provided by the embodiment of the present invention not only has a simple structure, but also can form a protective layer for the optical fiber while realizing transmission under a wide temperature range of -100°C to +150°C, and the additional attenuation at all temperatures is at a relatively low level. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an optical cable for a wide temperature range provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of a method for preparing an optical cable for a wide temperature range provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of weaving or twisting of reinforcing fibers provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of another optical cable for a wide temperature range provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] The symbols in the figure mean the following:

[0035] 1. Optical fiber; 2. Composite material; 21. Matrix layer; 22. Reinforcing fiber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0037] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an optical cable for a wide temperature range provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the optical cable for wide temperature range includes an optical fiber 1 and a composite material 2.

[0038] The composite material 2 includes a matrix layer 21 and a plurality of reinforcing fibers 22. The matrix layer 21 is coaxially arranged on the optical fiber 1. The plurality of reinforcing fibers 22 are evenly spaced and arranged in the matrix layer 21. The cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcing fibers 22 is 10-50% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the matrix layer 21. The matrix layer 21 and the plurality of reinforcing fibers 22 extend along the length direction of the optical fiber 1. The thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material 2 is 5-9×10 -7 ℃ -1 .

[0039] For an optical cable for a wide temperature range provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the optical cable for a wide temperature range includes an optical fiber 1 and a composite material 2, the composite material 2 includes a base layer 21 and a plurality of reinforcing fibers 22, the base layer 21 is coaxially arranged on the optical fiber 1, the base layer 21 and the reinforcing fibers 22 have a simple structure, and a protective layer structure is formed outside the optical fiber 1 to prevent the optical fiber 1 from being damaged during transportation or use.

[0040] Furthermore, a plurality of reinforcing fibers 22 are evenly spaced and arranged in the matrix layer 21, the matrix layer 21 and the plurality of reinforcing fibers 22 extend along the length direction of the optical fiber 1, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material 2 is 5 to 9×10 -7 ℃ -1 At this time, the matrix layer 21 and the plurality of reinforcing fibers 22 form a composite material 2, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material 2 (5 to 9×10 -7 ℃ -1 ) can match the thermal expansion coefficient of optical fiber 1 (6 to 7 × 10 -7 ℃ -1 ), the thermal expansion coefficients of the two are close. At this time, even in the wide temperature range of -100℃~+150℃, the deformation of optical fiber 1 and composite material 2 is still relatively small, so that transmission in the wide temperature range of -100℃~+150℃ can be achieved, and the full-temperature additional attenuation is at a low level (not more than 0.5dB), thereby reducing the large additional attenuation of optical fiber 1 under extreme temperature conditions due to the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient of the external material of optical fiber 1 and the thermal expansion coefficient of optical fiber 1 itself when the wide temperature range is used.

[0041] That is to say, the optical cable for a wide temperature range provided by the embodiment of the present invention not only has a simple structure, but also can form a protective layer for the optical fiber 1, and can also achieve transmission under a wide temperature range of -100°C to +150°C, and the full-temperature additional attenuation is at a low level.

[0042] The cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcing fiber 22 is 10-50% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the base layer 21 .

[0043] It is easy to understand that the reinforcing fiber 22 generally has a larger modulus factor in order to achieve effective control of the mechanical properties and thermal expansion coefficient of the optical cable. The base layer 21 has a certain buffering and protective effect, and generally speaking, its modulus factor is relatively small. The modulus factor of the reinforcing fiber 22 in the composite material 2 used in the present invention is several tens to one hundred times that of the base layer 21. By compounding the materials with two modulus factors to form a thermal expansion coefficient that matches the optical fiber 1, the additional attenuation is reduced.

[0044] In addition, when the proportion of the reinforcing fiber 22 in the composite material 2 is small, the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material 2 is basically consistent with the matrix layer 21, and it is not easy to produce. Therefore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcing fiber 22 is 10-50% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the matrix layer 21, which can ensure that the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material 2 can match the thermal expansion coefficient of the optical fiber 1, and at this time, the additional attenuation of the optical cable in a wide temperature range meets a low level.

[0045] In addition, the reinforcing fibers 22 and the matrix layer 21 form a composite material 2, which plays a role in the tensile strength and lateral pressure resistance of the optical cable.

[0046] In this embodiment, the modulus factor of the plurality of reinforcing fibers 22 may be 5 to 150 GPa, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the reinforcing fibers 22 may be -5 to 7×10 -7 ℃ -1 , preferably: 2×10 -7 ℃ -1 .

[0047] The modulus factor of the base layer 21 may be 0.5 to 2 GPa, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the base layer 21 may be 50 to 180×10 -7 ℃ -1 , preferably: 60×10 -7 ℃ -1 .

[0048] Exemplarily, the outer diameter of the wide temperature range optical cable is 0.6-8.0 mm, and the diameter of the optical fiber 1 is 0.2-0.3 mm. Preferably, the outer diameter of the wide temperature range optical cable can be 0.9 mm, 1.8 mm, or 4.2 mm. The diameter of the optical fiber 1 can be 0.25 mm.

[0049] In an implementation of the present invention, the reinforcing fiber 22 may be glass yarn, glass fiber, quartz fiber, aramid fiber, polyimide fiber, PBO fiber or polyethylene fiber.

[0050] In an implementation of the present invention, the base layer 21 may be a thermosetting resin, an ultraviolet curing resin, a heat curing silicone rubber, a heat curing polyimide, an epoxy resin, a liquid crystal material or a polyamide material.

[0051] The above materials are all conventional materials with low cost and easy to obtain.

[0052] Figure 2 is a flow chart of a method for preparing an optical cable for a wide temperature range provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the preparation method is based on the above-mentioned optical cable for a wide temperature range, and the preparation method comprises:

[0053] S201 , determining the expansion coefficients of the matrix layer 21 and the plurality of reinforcing fibers 22 , and calculating the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material 2 .

[0054] In the above embodiment, by confirming the expansion coefficients of the base layer 21 and the plurality of reinforcing fibers 22 before subsequent preparation, the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material 2 can be calculated in advance, so that the base layer 21 and the plurality of reinforcing fibers 22 can be determined by simulation calculation first, and then the subsequent production can be guided to avoid product scrapping, thereby saving costs.

[0055] S202, based on the matrix layer 21 and multiple reinforcing fibers 22 corresponding to the composite material 2, multiple matrix layers 21 are arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the optical fiber 1, and in the process of arranging the multiple matrix layers 21, multiple reinforcing fibers 22 are uniformly woven or twisted between two adjacent matrix layers 21.

[0056] It should be noted that the base layer 21 is generally formed by coating with liquid material and then by heat curing (for example, thermosetting resin coating curing process), UV curing, etc. For some materials, extrusion molding can also be used. The molding process needs to ensure that the base layer 21 and the plurality of reinforcing fibers 22 are tightly combined. The above methods improve the bonding force between the base layer 21 and the reinforcing fibers 22, ensure the interaction between different materials, and the design and optimization process improve the uniformity of the material, reduce the problem of local stress concentration of the material, and improve the stability of the product.

[0057] In order to improve the uniformity of the base layer 21 and the reinforcing fiber 22, the composite material 2 can be realized by repeatedly stacking multi-layer fiber molding and substrate resin curing processes. This process can further improve the uniformity of the optical cable and reduce stress concentration.

[0058] In step S201, the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material 2 is calculated, including:

[0059] The thermal expansion coefficient of composite material 2 is calculated using the following formula:

[0060]

[0061] Among them, C f and C m are the thermal expansion coefficients of the reinforcing fiber 22 and the matrix layer 21, in °C -1 ;M f and M m are the modulus factors of the reinforcing fiber 22 and the matrix layer 21, respectively, in GPa; C is the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material 2, in °C -1 .

[0062] It should be noted that the expansion coefficient of the conventional composite material 2 is calculated by the volume formula. Since the conventional composite material 2 has a small difference in modulus, it has a large limitation. However, the performance of the materials involved in the present invention is quite different. For example, the modulus of the reinforcing fiber 22 used in the present invention is several tens to one hundred times or even higher than that of the matrix layer 21. In this case, it is necessary to consider the influence of the modulus factor on its linear expansion coefficient.

[0063] When the modulus factors of the two materials are not much different, the composite formula of the conventional composite material 2 can still be compatible with the above situation, but for materials with a large difference in modulus factors, the conventional composite material 2 volume formula is no longer used. The present invention creatively proposes the above formula through experimental calculation, which can effectively simulate the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material 2, and is not only applicable to the case when the modulus factor difference is not large, but also to the case when the modulus factor difference is huge.

[0064] In one implementation of the present invention, a plurality of reinforcing fibers 22 are uniformly woven or twisted between two adjacent base layers 21, including:

[0065] See Figure 1 , N reinforcing fibers 22 are evenly woven between two adjacent base layers 21, wherein 0.5N reinforcing fibers 22 are woven in the forward direction ( Figure 3 Medium S 1 direction), 0.5N reinforcing fibers 22 reverse braided ( Figure 3 Medium S 2 Direction), forward weaving and reverse weaving are carried out alternately.

[0066] In the above implementation, by forward braiding and reverse braiding, torque balance can be achieved during the braiding process to avoid affecting the retraction and extension of the optical cable.

[0067] In another implementation of the present invention, a plurality of reinforcing fibers 22 are uniformly woven or twisted between two adjacent base layers 21, including:

[0068] See Figure 4 , between two adjacent base layers 21, uniform positive twisting ( Figure 3 Medium S 1 A plurality of reinforcing fibers 22 are evenly twisted in the opposite direction between two adjacent base layers 21 ( Figure 3 Medium S 2 A plurality of reinforcing fibers 22 are provided in a forward twisting direction and a reverse twisting direction, and the two twisting directions are symmetrical along the axis of the optical fiber 1, and the two twistings satisfy the following formula:

[0069] F=N s F s sinθ s -N z F z sinθ z ; (2)

[0070] Among them, θ s and θ z Represents the angles of forward twist and reverse twist respectively, N s is the number of the forward-twisted reinforcing fibers 22, N Z is the number of the forward-twisted reinforcing fibers 22, F s and F z They represent the pay-off tension of the reinforcing fiber 22 during forward twisting and reverse twisting, respectively, in N; F is the torsional force applied to the optical cable for wide temperature range, in N.

[0071] In the above implementation, through the double-layer forward twisting and reverse twisting, a torque balance design can be achieved during the twisting process to avoid affecting the retraction and extension of the optical cable.

[0072] In general, the present invention realizes the torsional balance design of the optical cable through the double-layer twisted structure, and especially quantifies the torsional force. The quantified formula can be calculated through theoretical analysis to adjust the unidirectional torque formed on the optical cable due to the twisting angle during the twisting process of the reinforcing fiber 22 (the torque will cause the optical cable to twist, especially the optical cable will directly cause the torque to be instantly amplified during the bending process), thereby avoiding affecting the retraction and release of the optical cable.

[0073] Exemplarily, F should be no greater than ±3, so that the torque on the optical cable is controlled within a lower range and will not affect the retraction and extension of the optical cable.

[0074] It is easy to understand that the twist angle θ can be calculated by the following formula:

[0075]

[0076] Wherein, D is the equivalent diameter of the reinforcing fiber 22 in the fiber twisting, and P is the pitch in the fiber twisting (the pitch P is not greater than 30D).

[0077] Before step S202, the preparation method further includes:

[0078] The optical fiber 1 is drawn using a doped core glass rod, and during the drawing process, the surface of the optical fiber 1 is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene material, thereby improving the mechanical strength and bending resistance of the optical fiber 1.

[0079] In order to better understand the present invention, several specific embodiments are provided to briefly introduce the structure and method provided by the present invention:

[0080] Embodiment 1:

[0081] See Figure 1 The reinforcing fiber is aramid (equivalent outer diameter 0.08 mm, modulus factor 92 GPa, thermal expansion coefficient 6×10 -7 ), the base layer 21 is a low modulus thermosetting adhesive (modulus factor is 500MPa, thermal expansion coefficient is 80×10 -7 ), the thermal expansion coefficient of the designed wide temperature range optical cable is 6.4×10 -7 , this value meets the design requirements.

[0082] Preparation process: The 150°C high-temperature resistant optical fiber 1 with an outer diameter of 0.25mm is first coated with a low modulus thermosetting adhesive to an outer diameter of 0.40±0.02mm, and cured at 180°C. Then, 16 reinforcing fibers 22 are weaved on the above cured base layer 21. During the weaving process, 8 fibers are weaved in the forward direction and 8 fibers are weaved in the reverse direction. The 16 reinforcing fibers 22 are staggered in the weaving direction. The pay-off tension during the weaving of the reinforcing fibers 22 is 1.5N, and the weaving pitch is 30mm. Obviously, the torque of the optical cable for a wide temperature range is 0, that is, the torsional balance design of the optical cable can be achieved. Finally, the surface of the braided layer is coated with a low modulus thermosetting adhesive, and the optical cable for a wide temperature range is obtained after the curing temperature is 180°C. The outer diameter of the optical cable for a wide temperature range is 0.80mm;

[0083] The optical cable for wide temperature range prepared by the above method has an additional attenuation of 0.05dB / km at full temperature of -65 to +150°C.

[0084] Implementation Case 2:

[0085] See Figure 4 The reinforcing fiber is quartz fiber (equivalent outer diameter 0.09 mm, modulus factor 74 GPa, thermal expansion coefficient 6×10 -7 / ℃), the base layer 21 is a thermoplastic material with a maximum operating temperature of 200℃ (modulus factor is 0.9GPa, thermal expansion coefficient is 42×10 -7 / ℃), the thermal expansion coefficient of the designed wide temperature range optical cable is 6.73×10 -7 , this value meets the design requirements.

[0086] Processing technology: A first layer of base layer is coated on the outside of the 0.300 mm optical fiber 1 with a thermoplastic material. After curing, 16 quartz fibers are used for forward twisting, with a twisting pitch of 80 cm and a quartz fiber pay-off tension of 6 N. A second layer of base layer is coated on the outside of the first layer of quartz fiber. After curing, 18 quartz fibers are used for reverse twisting on the outside of the unit, with a pitch of 100 cm and a quartz fiber pay-off tension of 5 N. Through the twisting pitch and the twisting equivalent diameter, the F value of the optical cable for a wide temperature range is 0.375 after calculation using formula (2), which means that the torsional balance design of the optical cable can be achieved.

[0087] Finally, a third layer of substrate is coated on the second layer of quartz fiber by thermoplastic material, and the outer diameter of the wide temperature range optical cable is 1.40mm. After the wide temperature range optical cable is repeatedly retracted and released 200 times under 100N, the reinforcing fiber 22 and the substrate layer 21 of the wide temperature range optical cable have no mechanical damage and do not fail, which means that the reinforcing fiber 22 and the substrate layer 21 are tightly combined and meet the quality requirements. In addition, the additional attenuation of the wide temperature range optical cable at -100℃~+150℃ is not more than 0.5dB / km.

[0088] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical cable for a wide temperature range, It is characterized in that The optical cable for a wide temperature range comprises an optical fiber (1) and a composite material (2); The composite material (2) comprises a matrix layer (21) and a plurality of reinforcing fibers (22), wherein the matrix layer (21) is coaxially arranged on the optical fiber (1), the plurality of reinforcing fibers (22) are evenly spaced and arranged in the matrix layer (21), and the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcing fibers (22) is 10-50% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the matrix layer (21), the matrix layer (21) and the plurality of reinforcing fibers (22) extend along the length direction of the optical fiber (1), and the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material (2) is 5-9×10 -7 ℃ -1 , matching the thermal expansion coefficient of the optical fiber (1).

2. The optical cable for a wide temperature range according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The modulus factor of the plurality of reinforcing fibers (22) is 5 to 150 GPa, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the reinforcing fibers (22) is -5 to 7×10 -7 ℃ -1 The modulus factor of the base layer (21) is 0.5 to 2 GPa, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the base layer (21) is 50 to 180×10 -7 ℃ -1 .

3. The optical cable for wide temperature range according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The outer diameter of the wide temperature range optical cable is 0.6-8.0 mm, and the diameter of the optical fiber (1) is 0.2-0.3 mm.

4. An optical cable for a wide temperature range according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The reinforcing fiber (22) is glass yarn, glass fiber, quartz fiber, aramid fiber, polyimide fiber, PBO fiber or polyethylene fiber.

5. An optical cable for a wide temperature range according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The base layer (21) is a thermosetting resin, an ultraviolet curing resin or a heat curing silicone rubber.

6. A method for preparing an optical cable for a wide temperature range, It is characterized in that The preparation method is based on an optical cable for a wide temperature range according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the preparation method comprises: Determining the thermal expansion coefficients of the matrix layer (21) and the plurality of reinforcing fibers (22), and calculating the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material (2); Based on the matrix layer (21) and the plurality of reinforcing fibers (22) corresponding to the composite material (2), multiple layers of the matrix layer (21) are arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the optical fiber (1), and in the process of arranging the multiple layers of the matrix layer (21), the plurality of reinforcing fibers (22) are uniformly woven or twisted between two adjacent matrix layers (21).

7. The method for preparing an optical cable for a wide temperature range according to claim 6, It is characterized in that Calculating the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material (2) comprises: The thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material (2) is calculated using the following formula: ； Among them, C f and C m are the thermal expansion coefficients of the reinforcing fiber (22) and the matrix layer (21), respectively, in degrees Celsius -1 , M f and M m are the modulus factors of the reinforcing fiber (22) and the matrix layer (21), respectively, in GPa, and C is the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite material (2), in °C -1 .

8. The method for preparing an optical cable for a wide temperature range according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The uniformly weaving or twisting of the plurality of reinforcing fibers (22) between two adjacent base layers (21) comprises: Between two adjacent base layers (21), N reinforcing fibers (22) are evenly woven, wherein 0.5N reinforcing fibers (22) are woven in a forward direction, and 0.5N reinforcing fibers (22) are woven in a reverse direction, and the forward weaving and the reverse weaving are performed alternately.

9. The method for preparing an optical cable for a wide temperature range according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The uniformly weaving or twisting of the plurality of reinforcing fibers (22) between two adjacent base layers (21) comprises: Between two adjacent matrix layers (21), a plurality of reinforcing fibers (22) are uniformly twisted in the forward direction, and between another two adjacent matrix layers (21), a plurality of reinforcing fibers (22) are uniformly twisted in the reverse direction, the forward twisting direction and the reverse twisting direction are symmetrical along the axis of the optical fiber (1), and the two twistings satisfy the following formula: ； Among them, θ s and θ z Represents the angles of forward twist and reverse twist respectively, N s is the number of the reinforcing fibers (22) twisted in the forward direction, N Z is the number of the reversely twisted reinforcing fibers (22), F s and F z represents the pay-off tension of the reinforcing fiber (22) during forward twisting and reverse twisting, respectively, in N, and F represents the torsion force applied to the optical cable for a wide temperature range, in N.

10. The method for preparing an optical cable for a wide temperature range according to claim 6, It is characterized in that Before arranging multiple layers of the matrix layer (21) on the outer peripheral wall of the optical fiber (1), the preparation method further comprises: The optical fiber (1) is drawn using a doped core glass rod, and during the drawing process, the surface of the optical fiber (1) is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene material.

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