A method for repairing and fruiting the hollowed-out parts of main branches of mature sweet cherry trees

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for repairing and fruiting the hollowed-out parts of the main branches of mature sweet cherry trees, and belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation. The method of the present invention performs re-germination of hidden buds in the hollowed-out parts to cultivate side branches in the first year, and fully utilizes the characteristics of the high germination rate and strong stemness of the back branches to leave enough back branches to achieve the repair of the fruiting branches; through the reasonable use of water, fertilizer, and regulating agents in the first year, the flower buds of the new branches are cultivated. The technology is simple to operate, easy to learn, and has high work efficiency. The hollowed-out branches can be repaired and fruited in the second year. Compared with the prior art, the lower space resources are fully utilized to achieve the re-fruiting of the hollowed-out parts of the lower main branches of the sweet cherry trees, and the fruiting amount is significantly increased, but the existing spatial layout of plant spacing and row spacing is not damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for repairing and fruiting a hollowed-out part of a main branch of an adult sweet cherry tree. Background Art

[0002] Sweet cherry is one of the most popular fruits on the market, but there is often a saying that "cherries are delicious but the trees are difficult to grow." Therefore, the management of sweet cherry trees is generally more difficult than other fruit tree species. Improper management will result in the phenomenon of only growing trees but no fruit. Most of my country's sweet cherry trees adopt the method of single-axis extension of the main branches. This tree shape is easy to manage and has high yields, and is deeply loved by growers. However, as the trees enter adulthood and bear a lot of fruit, affected by various factors such as light, the lower main branches will be emptied from the base year by year, and the fruiting part will gradually move to the end, resulting in excessive consumption of nutrients and a decrease in yield. In order to maintain production, growers continue to grow the main branches, which eventually causes the spacing between plants to be too narrow, affecting manual operations. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for repairing and fruiting the hollowed-out parts of the main branches of mature sweet cherry trees, which can achieve fruiting again of the hollowed-out parts of the lower main branches of the sweet cherry trees without damaging the existing spatial layout of plant spacing and row spacing. The method is simple and practical.

[0004] The invention provides a method for repairing the hollowed-out part of the main branch of an adult sweet cherry tree, comprising the following steps: before the fruit tree sprouts in spring, the hollowed-out branch is pruned back; after the sprouting, buds are cut above the hidden buds that have not sprouted in the hollowed-out part; after the branches on both sides of the main branch grow to 10-15 cm in length, they are cut short; and when the branches on the back of the main branch grow to 60-80 cm in length, the tips are pinched.

[0005] Preferably, the pruning back of the hollow branches includes heavy pruning and applying a wound dressing to the cut ends.

[0006] Preferably, bud carving is performed 0.3 to 0.5 cm above the latent buds that have not germinated in the hollowed-out parts, and branching factor is applied.

[0007] Preferably, the branches on both sides of the main branch grow to 10 to 15 cm in length and then shorten to 6 to 8 cm.

[0008] Preferably, the branches on the back of the main branches are pinched when they grow to 60 to 80 cm in length, and the second and third buds at the top are removed.

[0009] Preferably, water and fertilizer management is also included.

[0010] Preferably, the water and fertilizer management includes: spraying at least one of PBO chemical control agent, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, seaweed fertilizer and amino acid foliar fertilizer on the leaves during the growth period of new shoots;

[0011] Apply humic acid fertilizer containing amino acids to the roots;

[0012] Control water after picking the fruit.

[0013] Preferably, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, seaweed fertilizers and / or amino acid foliar fertilizers are sprayed once every 7 to 10 days;

[0014] PBO chemical control agent is sprayed once in June and mid-July, with a concentration of 100-150 times;

[0015] Fertilize the roots in mid-July.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a method for repairing and fruiting the hollowed-out parts of the main branches of mature sweet cherry trees. The method makes full use of the characteristics of the high germination rate and strong stemness of the back branches, can repair the fruiting branches, and can achieve high-quality and high yields year after year. The method of the present invention is simple to operate, easy to learn, and has high work efficiency. The hollowed-out branches can be repaired in the second year to make them bear fruit. Compared with the prior art, the present invention achieves the purpose of re-bearing the hollowed-out parts of the lower main branches of the sweet cherry trees without damaging the existing spatial layout of plant spacing. In the first year, the present invention re-germinates the hidden buds in the hollowed-out parts and cultivates fruiting branches on both sides. Sufficient back branches are left to achieve fruiting on the back branches, and the lower space resources are used as much as possible to increase the amount of fruiting. Through the rational use of water, fertilizer, and regulators in the first year, the flower buds of the new branches are cultivated, and fruiting is achieved in the second year. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The invention provides a method for repairing the hollowed-out part of the main branch of an adult sweet cherry tree, comprising the following steps: before the fruit tree sprouts in spring, the hollowed-out branch is pruned back; after the sprouting, buds are cut above the hidden buds that have not sprouted in the hollowed-out part; after the branches on both sides of the main branch grow to 10-15 cm in length, they are cut short; and when the branches on the back of the main branch grow to 60-80 cm in length, the tips are pinched.

[0018] The method of the present invention preferably includes: before the fruit trees sprout in spring, the hollow branches are heavily pruned back to shorten the conduction distance, promote the germination of latent buds in the middle and rear parts, and produce new branches, and then apply a wound coating agent to the cut ends. After sprouting, buds are cut above the latent buds that have not sprouted in the hollow parts, and branching factor is applied. After the branches on both sides of the main branches grow to a certain length, they are shortened. The back branches continue to grow, and when they grow to a certain length, they are pinched to mature and lignify. During the growth of new shoots, PBO chemical control agents are sprayed on the leaves, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed, supplemented with seaweed fertilizer or amino acid foliar fertilizer. Humic acid fertilizer containing amino acids can be applied to the roots. After harvesting the fruits, the field water holding rate is maintained at about 60%.

[0019] In the present invention, preferably, bud cutting is performed at 0.3-0.5 cm above the hidden buds that have not sprouted in the hollowed-out part, and a branching agent is applied. The shortening described in the present invention preferably includes shortening the branches on both sides of the main branch to 6-8 cm after the branches grow to 10-15 cm in length. In the present invention, when the branches on the back of the main branch of the open-heart tree shape grow to 60-80 cm in length, the tips are pinched, and the second and third buds at the top are removed. When the water and fertilizer management is carried out in the present invention, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, seaweed fertilizers and / or amino acid foliar fertilizers are sprayed once every 7 to 10 days. The phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are mainly potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizers, and the concentration of each spraying is 0.2%. The spraying concentration of Lexan amino acid fertilizer is 600 to 800 times, and it is based on spraying without dripping on the leaf surface; PBO chemical control agents are sprayed once in June and mid-July respectively, with a concentration of 100 to 150 times, and it is based on spraying without dripping on the leaf surface; root fertilizers are applied in mid-July, and 20 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers (20:10:10) are topdressed per mu.

[0020] In order to further illustrate the present invention, a method for repairing the hollowed-out parts of the main branches of mature sweet cherry trees provided by the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] Take the open-heart tree shape as an example. Before the fruit trees sprout in spring, the hollow branches are pruned back to shorten the conduction distance, promote the germination of latent buds in the middle and rear parts, and produce new branches. Then apply wound dressing on the cut. After sprouting, the latent buds that have not sprouted are cut with a saw blade at 0.3cm to 0.5cm above the buds (towards the tip), and the depth of the cut buds is to the xylem of the branches. Apply branching agent. When the sprouting branches on both sides of the main branch grow to 10 to 15cm, shorten them to 6 to 8cm, and the new sprouting branches are 15 to 20cm apart and arranged in a fishbone shape. The back branches continue to grow, and when they grow to 60 to 80cm, pinch the tips and wipe off the second and third buds below the top. During the growth of new shoots, spray high-phosphorus and high-potassium fertilizers on the leaves every 7 to 10 days, supplemented with seaweed fertilizers or amino acid foliar fertilizers. PBO chemical control agent was sprayed once in June and mid-July, with a concentration of 100-150 times. Root fertilization time was in mid-July, and humic acid fertilizer containing amino acids could be applied to the roots. Water was controlled after fruit picking, and the changes of a single main branch after treatment are shown in Table 1.

[0023] Table 1 Happy-shaped sweet cherry tree before and after treatment (single main branch)

[0024]

[0025] Example 2

[0026] Taking the main trunk layered tree shape as an example, before the fruit trees sprout in spring, the hollow branches are pruned back to shorten the conduction distance, promote the germination of latent buds in the middle and rear parts, and produce new branches, and then apply wound smear on the cut. After the branches sprout, use a saw blade to cut the buds 0.3cm to 0.5cm above the unsprouted latent buds (in the direction of the tip), and the depth of the bud cutting is to the xylem of the branches, and apply the branching agent. When the sprouting branches on both sides of the main branch grow to 10 to 15cm, they are shortened to 6 to 8cm, and the spacing between the newly sprouted branches is 15 to 20cm, arranged in a fishbone shape. During the growth of new shoots, high-phosphorus and high-potassium fertilizers are sprayed on the leaves every 7-10 days, supplemented with seaweed fertilizers or amino acid foliar fertilizers. PBO chemical control agents are sprayed once in June and mid-July, with a concentration of 100 to 150 times. The root fertilization time is in mid-July, and the roots can be irrigated with humic acid fertilizers containing amino acids. Water was controlled after fruit picking, and the improvement effect of a single main branch is shown in Table 2.

[0027] Table 2 Trunk shape of sweet cherry trees before and after treatment (single main branch)

[0028]

[0029] Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for repairing the hollowed-out parts of the main branches of mature sweet cherry trees, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Before the fruit trees sprout in spring, the hollow branches are pruned back; after sprouting, the buds are cut above the hidden buds that have not sprouted in the hollow parts; when the branches on both sides of the main branches grow to 10-15cm long, they are shortened to 6-8cm; when the branches on the back of the main branches grow to 60-80cm long, pinch the tips and remove the second and third buds at the top; It also includes water and fertilizer management, which includes: spraying at least one of PBO chemical control agent, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, seaweed fertilizer and amino acid foliar fertilizer on the leaves during the growth of new shoots; spraying humic acid fertilizer containing amino acids on the roots; and controlling water after fruit picking; Among them, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, seaweed fertilizers and / or amino acid foliar fertilizers are sprayed every 7 to 10 days; PBO chemical control agents are sprayed once in June and mid-July with a concentration of 100 to 150 times; and root fertilizers are applied in mid-July.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Pruning back hollow branches includes heavy pruning and applying wound dressing to the cut ends.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Buds should be cut 0.3 to 0.5 cm below the hidden buds that have not sprouted in the hollowed-out area, and branching hormone should be applied.

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