An intelligent monitoring anchor rod device with stress sensing and displacement memory function

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of intelligent monitoring anchor rod device with stress perception and displacement memory function, including anchor rod, one end is inserted into rock-soil body, for supporting the rock-soil body;Tray, the anchor rod is set, for with the surface of the rock-soil body each other extrusion;Pusher, the anchor rod is set, and it is abutted to the tray, for transmission extrusion force;Bearing, the anchor rod is set, and it is abutted to the pusher, when the extrusion force reaches first preset value, the bearing can be moved along the anchor rod, and send displacement change signal;Sensor, the anchor rod is set, and it is abutted to the bearing, for monitoring the displacement change signal and the axial stress of the bearing, to monitor the axial stress and axial deformation of the anchor rod.This device can reliably monitor the axial stress and axial deformation of anchor rod and surrounding rock interaction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of anchor bolt technology, and more specifically, to an intelligent monitoring anchor bolt device with stress sensing and displacement memory functions. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, rock bolts have been widely used in traditional geotechnical protection engineering to reinforce the surrounding rock of tunnels, allowing the surrounding rock to support itself.

[0003] Existing intelligent anchor bolt monitoring technologies mainly include resistive, electromagnetic, and fiber optic grating types. These technologies primarily involve directly installing sensors at the anchor bolt ends or laying optical fibers inside the bolt body. However, due to the highly complex deformation process of soil and rock masses, single anchor bolt end sensors frequently experience anchoring failures in practical engineering applications, leading to unloading. After unloading, the anchor bolt end sensors struggle to collect axial stress. Furthermore, fiber optic gratings are easily damaged by compression inside the bolt body. Coupled with the complex environment of high pressure and high humidity inside soil and rock masses, deploying fiber optic grating sensors over a large area presents significant technical challenges.

[0004] In summary, how to reliably monitor the axial stress and axial deformation of the interaction between the anchor bolt and the surrounding rock is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide an intelligent monitoring anchor bolt device with stress sensing and displacement memory functions. This device can reliably monitor the axial stress and axial deformation of the interaction between the anchor bolt and the surrounding rock.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0007] An intelligent monitoring anchor bolt device with stress sensing and displacement memory functions includes: an anchor bolt, one end of which extends into the rock and soil mass for supporting the rock and soil mass; a tray, on which the anchor bolt is fitted, for mutual compression with the surface of the rock and soil mass; a jacking member, on which the anchor bolt is fitted and abuts against the tray, for transmitting the compressive force; a bearing member, on which the anchor bolt is fitted and abuts against the jacking member, wherein when the compressive force reaches a first preset value, the bearing member can move along the anchor bolt and emit a displacement change signal; and a sensor, on which the anchor bolt is fitted and abuts against the bearing member, for monitoring the displacement change signal and the axial stress of the bearing member, so as to monitor the axial stress and axial deformation of the anchor bolt.

[0008] Preferably, the displacement change signal is a stress fluctuation signal.

[0009] Preferably, the support member has multiple support platforms for sequentially abutting against the pusher member, and the distance between two adjacent support platforms is a second preset value. When the extrusion pressure reaches the first preset value, the pusher member pushes against any of the support platforms to abut against the adjacent support platform, so that the support member emits the stress fluctuation signal. The sensor is used to monitor the number of stress fluctuation signals to monitor the displacement change of the support member.

[0010] Preferably, the bearing member further includes a bearing column, on which the anchor rod is sleeved, and all the bearing platforms are disposed on the circumferential outer wall of the bearing column and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the bearing column.

[0011] Preferably, the support platform is ring-shaped.

[0012] Preferably, the second preset value is 2-5 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the pusher includes: a connecting portion abutting against the tray; a transition portion, spherical in shape, with one end connected to the connecting portion for bearing a certain amount of the compressive force; and a pusher platform, connected to the other end of the transition portion and extending along an axial direction perpendicular to the anchor rod to the inner side of the transition portion for abutting against the bearing platform.

[0014] Preferably, it further includes: a nut, which is fitted onto the anchor rod and connected to the sensor.

[0015] Preferably, the tray is in a feeding position, and the protruding side of the tray is positioned towards the pusher.

[0016] The intelligent monitoring anchor bolt device with stress sensing and displacement memory functions provided in this application adds a jacking component and a bearing component. The jacking component transfers the compressive force between the tray and the soil / rock mass to the bearing component. When the compressive force reaches a first preset value, the bearing component moves a certain distance along the anchor bolt and sends a displacement change signal. The sensor abuts against the bearing component and is connected to the bearing component's signal to monitor the displacement change signal and the axial stress of the bearing component. In this way, the device can not only adapt to the deformation and failure of the soil / rock mass, but also simultaneously monitor the axial stress and axial deformation of the anchor bolt. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1This is a structural schematic diagram of the intelligent monitoring anchor bolt device with stress sensing and displacement memory functions according to this application;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pusher component in this application;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the load-bearing component of this application;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the nut structure of this application.

[0022] in:

[0023] 10 is the anchor bolt, 20 is the tray, 30 is the jacking component, 31 is the connecting part, 32 is the transition part, 33 is the jacking platform, 40 is the bearing component, 41 is the bearing platform, 42 is the bearing column, 50 is the sensor, and 60 is the nut. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] An intelligent monitoring anchor bolt device includes an anchor bolt 10, a tray 20, a jacking component 30, a bearing component 40, and a sensor 50. One end of the anchor bolt 10 extends into the rock and soil mass for supporting the rock and soil mass. The tray 20 is fitted with the anchor bolt 10 and is used to press against the surface of the rock and soil mass. The jacking component 30 is fitted with the anchor bolt 10 and abuts against the tray 20 to transmit the compressive force. The bearing component 40 is fitted with the anchor bolt 10 and abuts against the jacking component 30. When the compressive force reaches a first preset value, the bearing component 40 can move along the anchor bolt 10 and emit a displacement change signal. The sensor 50 is fitted with the anchor bolt 10 and abuts against the bearing component 40 to monitor the displacement change signal and the axial stress of the bearing component 40, so as to monitor the axial stress and axial deformation of the anchor bolt 10.

[0027] The first preset value mentioned above is set according to the deformation and failure process of the soil and rock mass. Essentially, when the soil and rock mass deforms and fails, the bearing member 40 can move a certain distance along the anchor rod 10, continuing to abut against the jacking member 30, and correspondingly sending a displacement change signal. The sensor 50 abuts against the bearing member 40 and is signal-connected to the bearing member 40 to monitor the displacement change signal and the axial stress of the bearing member 40. In this way, the device can adapt to the deformation and failure process of the soil and rock mass, and simultaneously monitor the axial stress and axial displacement of the anchor rod 10.

[0028] In some embodiments, the displacement change signal is specifically a stress fluctuation signal.

[0029] Of course, in practice, changes in displacement can also be manifested in other ways, such as by installing displacement sensors 50, etc.

[0030] In some embodiments, the support member 40 has a plurality of support platforms 41 for sequentially abutting against the pusher member 30, and the distance between two adjacent support platforms 41 is a second preset value. When the extrusion pressure reaches a first preset value, the pusher member 30 pushes any support platform 41 to abut against the adjacent support platform 41, so that the support member 40 emits a stress fluctuation signal. The sensor 50 is used to monitor the number of stress fluctuation signals to monitor the displacement change of the support member 40.

[0031] With attachment Figure 3 The orientation is used as a reference. Specifically, the second preset value mentioned above is also set according to the deformation process of the rock and soil. When the anchor rod 10 is inserted into the rock and soil, the tray 20 interacts and squeezes directly with the rock and soil. The axial force is transmitted to the jacking member 30 through the tray 20. The jacking member 30 abuts against the leftmost bearing platform 41 of the bearing member 40. When the axial force reaches the first preset value, the jacking member 30 pushes and shears the bearing platform 41. Then, the adjacent bearing platform 41 falls onto the jacking member 30, causing stress fluctuation in the bearing member 40 and moving it along the anchor rod 10 by the second preset value. This continues until the jacking member 30 abuts against the last bearing platform 41. During the fracture process of the bearing platform 41, the sensor 50 simultaneously monitors its axial stress change and the number of stress fluctuations. Based on the number of stress fluctuations and the distance between the bearing platforms 41, the axial deformation of the anchor rod 10 is monitored.

[0032] In some embodiments, the support member 40 further includes a support column 42, on which an anchor rod 10 is sleeved, and all the support platforms 41 are provided on the circumferential outer wall of the support column 42 and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the support column 42.

[0033] Specifically, with attachment Figure 3With the orientation as a reference, the bearing column 42 has through holes through which it is installed on the anchor rod 10. The bearing platform 41 extends outward along an axis perpendicular to the bearing column 42. The distance from the first bearing platform 41 on the left to the left end face of the bearing column 42 is 15mm, and the first bearing platform 41 on the right is flush with the right end face of the bearing column 42, used to abut against the sensor 50. Simultaneously, according to the deformation process of the soil and rock, the thickness of the bearing platform 41 gradually increases in the direction away from the jacking member 30, and this size is also set according to the deformation process of the soil and rock, set to 3mm, 5mm, and 6mm respectively. This allows the intelligent monitoring anchor rod device to adapt to the deformation process of the soil and rock, falling within the scope of flexible anchor rod 10 support.

[0034] In some embodiments, the support platform 41 is ring-shaped.

[0035] Of course, the shape of the support platform 41 is not limited. In order to avoid stress concentration, the embodiments of this application set the support platform 41 in a ring shape, and all support platforms 41 have the same size.

[0036] In some embodiments, the second preset value is specifically 2-5 mm.

[0037] That is to say, the distance between two adjacent bearing platforms 41 is 2-5mm, and all bearing platforms 41 can be evenly distributed along the axial direction of the bearing column 42 or non-uniformly distributed.

[0038] In some embodiments, the pusher 30 includes a connecting portion 31, a transition portion 32, and a pusher platform 33. The connecting portion 31 abuts against the tray 20. The transition portion 32 is spherical, with one end connected to the connecting portion 31, and is used to withstand a certain compressive force. The pusher platform 33 is connected to the other end of the transition portion 32 and extends along the axial direction perpendicular to the anchor rod 10 to the inner side of the transition portion 32, and is used to abut against the bearing platform 41.

[0039] Furthermore, the side of the connecting part 31 facing the tray 20 is set in an arc shape to match the shape of the tray 20, so that the connecting part 31 can fit tightly with the tray 20; the transition part 32 is hollow, and the minimum width of the transition part 32 is greater than the maximum width of the connecting part 31 and the push table 33, so as to withstand a certain compressive force. Its strength is greater than the strength of the support table 41. Therefore, when the compressive force reaches the first preset value, the push table 33 pushes against the support table 41; the shape of the push table 33 is adapted to the support table 41 and is annular.

[0040] In some embodiments, the intelligent monitoring anchor bolt device further includes a nut 60, which is fitted onto the anchor bolt 10 and connected to a sensor 50.

[0041] Throughout the extrusion process, nut 60 is constantly subjected to axial stress.

[0042] In some embodiments, the tray 20 is in a feeding position, and the raised side of the tray 20 is disposed toward the pusher 30.

[0043] It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0044] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this application without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An intelligent monitoring anchor bolt device with stress sensing and displacement memory functions, characterized in that, include: An anchor bolt, with one end extending into the rock and soil mass, is used to support the rock and soil mass; The tray, fitted with the anchor bolt, is used to press against the surface of the rock and soil mass; The pusher, fitted with the anchor rod and abutting against the tray, is used to transmit compressive force; The support member is fitted with the anchor rod and abuts against the push member. When the compressive force reaches a first preset value, the support member can move along the anchor rod and send a displacement change signal. A sensor, fitted onto the anchor rod and abutting against the bearing member, is used to monitor the displacement change signal and the axial stress of the bearing member, so as to monitor the axial stress and axial deformation of the anchor rod; The displacement change signal is specifically a stress fluctuation signal; The support member has multiple support platforms for sequentially abutting against the pusher member, and the distance between two adjacent support platforms is a second preset value. When the extrusion pressure reaches the first preset value, the pusher member pushes against any of the support platforms to abut against the adjacent support platform, so that the support member emits the stress fluctuation signal. The sensor is used to monitor the number of stress fluctuation signals to monitor the displacement change of the support member. The pusher includes: The connecting part abuts against the tray; The transition section is spherical, with one end connected to the connecting section, and is used to withstand a certain amount of the extrusion force; A pusher platform, connected to the other end of the transition section, extends along an axial direction perpendicular to the anchor rod to the inner side of the transition section, and is used to abut against the bearing platform.

2. The intelligent monitoring anchor bolt device with stress sensing and displacement memory functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing component also includes a bearing column, on which the anchor rod is sleeved, and all the bearing platforms are located on the circumferential outer wall of the bearing column and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the bearing column.

3. The intelligent monitoring anchor bolt device with stress sensing and displacement memory functions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support platform is ring-shaped.

4. The intelligent monitoring anchor bolt device with stress sensing and displacement memory functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second preset value is specifically 2-5mm.

5. The intelligent monitoring anchor bolt device with stress sensing and displacement memory functions according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Also includes: A nut is fitted onto the anchor rod and connected to the sensor.

6. The intelligent monitoring anchor bolt device with stress sensing and displacement memory functions according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The tray is arched, and the convex side of the tray faces the pusher.

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