A photovoltaic module cooling method based on a new hydrogel material

Abstract

The application discloses a photovoltaic module cooling method based on a novel hydrogel material, and comprises the following steps: first, preparing a hydrogel, wherein the hydrogel is a chitosan hydrophobic association-microcrystal double-network novel hydrogel; second, embedding water vapor adsorbent particles on the chitosan hydrophobic association-microcrystal double-network novel hydrogel; and third, assembling the chitosan hydrophobic association-microcrystal double-network novel hydrogel with a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module cooling method based on the novel hydrogel material uses natural high-molecular chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol as a hydrogel matrix, so that the water absorption capacity of the hydrogel is increased, and the hydrogel has good bonding capacity.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of new energy, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic module cooling method based on a new hydrogel material. BACKGROUND

[0002] The new energy industry is developing rapidly, and photovoltaic is the most potential new energy to become the core energy. However, during the use of the photovoltaic module, the output power will decrease by 0.4% to 0.6% per degree Celsius increase in temperature, so there is a cooling problem in the process of solar cell operation.

[0003] At present, the photovoltaic module cooling mainly includes two methods of active cooling and passive cooling. Although the active cooling has better cooling effect, it needs large initial investment and also generates more energy consumption; compared with the active cooling, the passive cooling has less initial investment and energy consumption, but the cooling effect is not so obvious.

[0004] It is necessary to develop a more efficient passive cooling technology for the photovoltaic module, promote the development of the photovoltaic industry and promote energy conservation. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the application is to solve the above problems, and provide a chitosan hydrophobic association-microcrystal double network new hydrogel with better water absorption and adhesion, and a photovoltaic module cooling method based on the new hydrogel material.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme of the application is as follows: a photovoltaic module cooling method based on a new hydrogel material, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, preparing a hydrogel, wherein the hydrogel is a chitosan hydrophobic association-microcrystal double network new hydrogel;

[0008] S2, embedding water vapor adsorbent particles on the chitosan hydrophobic association-microcrystal double network new hydrogel;

[0009] S3, assembling the chitosan hydrophobic association-microcrystal double network new hydrogel with the photovoltaic module.

[0010] Further, the step S1 comprises the following sub-steps:

[0011] S11, heating and stirring a base with deionized water to obtain a uniform solution;

[0012] S12, adding a hydrophilic monomer and a hydrophobic monomer;

[0013] S13, adding a natural emulsifier to uniformly disperse the hydrophobic monomer in the gel system;

[0014] S14, adding an initiator to initiate solution polymerization;

[0015] S15, finally, the mixed solvent is poured into a special mold, and freeze-thaw cycles are performed three times to obtain the hydrogel.

[0016] Further, the base body in the step S11 is polyvinyl alcohol and natural high molecular chitosan.

[0017] Further, the hydrophilic monomer in the step S12 is acrylamide and acrylic acid, and the hydrophobic monomer is octadecyl methacrylate.

[0018] Further, the natural emulsifier in the step S13 is gum arabic.

[0019] Further, the initiator in the step S14 is potassium sulfate and sodium bisulfite.

[0020] Further, the special mold in the step S15 is a cuboid mold with a spherical protrusion on one side.

[0021] Further, the freeze-thaw cycle in the step S15 is as follows: the special mold is placed in a 70℃ constant temperature drying box for 24h, then taken out and placed in a 50℃ oven for 24h, then cooled to room temperature, then placed again in a -20℃ refrigerator for 22h, then taken out and restored at room temperature for 2h, and the above process is repeated three times.

[0022] Further, the water vapor adsorbent particles in the step S2 are calcium chloride or water-absorbing silica gel.

[0023] Further, in the step S3, the adhesive side of the hydrogel is tightly attached to the back plate of the photovoltaic module, and dried at room temperature to make it tightly connected with the back plate of the photovoltaic module, and a frame is installed around the hydrogel and the photovoltaic module for fixation.

[0024] The present application has the following advantages:

[0025] 1. The photovoltaic module cooling method based on the novel hydrogel material provided by the present application uses natural high molecular chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol as the hydrogel base body, which can not only increase the water absorption capacity of the hydrogel, but also make the hydrogel have good adhesive ability.

[0026] 2. The present application introduces hydrophilic monomers acrylamide and acrylic acid as hydrophilic monomers, and octadecyl methacrylate as a hydrophobic monomer, which can form a hydrophobic association network and form hydrophobic association crosslinking points in the hydrogel, forming some tight three-dimensional structures to prevent the hydrogel from being excessively swollen and losing structural stability due to excessive water absorption.

[0027] 3. The present application uses gum arabic as an emulsifier, which can promote the uniform dispersion of the hydrophobic monomer in the gel system, and also has strong adhesion, which can improve the adsorption force of the hydrogel.

[0028] 4、The application adopts freeze-thaw method to make the hydrogel phase change molding for three times, which can form microcrystalline crosslinking points in the chitosan hydrophobic association-microcrystalline double network novel hydrogel, and also can form hydrogen bonds to help improve the structural stability of the hydrogel.

[0029] 5、The application composites a water vapor adsorbent layer on the chitosan hydrophobic association-microcrystalline double network novel hydrogel to enhance the water absorption capacity and ensure the cooling effect on the photovoltaic module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Fig. 1 is a step diagram of a photovoltaic module cooling method based on a novel hydrogel material of the application;

[0031] Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of application of the chitosan hydrophobic association-microcrystalline double network novel hydrogel prepared by the application on a photovoltaic module;

[0032] Fig. 3 is a top view of a special mold used for preparing the chitosan hydrophobic association-microcrystalline double network novel hydrogel of the application.

[0033] The reference signs are explained as follows: 1, frame; 2, hydrogel; 3, photovoltaic module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0035] As shown in the drawings, Figs. 1 to 3 the application provides a photovoltaic module cooling method based on a novel hydrogel material, which comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1, preparing a hydrogel 2, which is a chitosan hydrophobic association-microcrystalline double network novel hydrogel.

[0037] This step further comprises the following sub-steps:

[0038] S11, dissolving the base by heating and stirring with deionized water to obtain a uniform solution.

[0039] The base in this step is polyvinyl alcohol and natural high molecular chitosan.

[0040] S12, adding a hydrophilic monomer and a hydrophobic monomer.

[0041] The hydrophilic monomer in this step is acrylamide and acrylic acid, and the hydrophobic monomer is octadecyl methacrylate.

[0042] S13, adding a natural emulsifier to uniformly disperse the hydrophobic monomer in the gel system.

[0043] The natural emulsifier in this step is gum arabic.

[0044] S14. Add an initiator to initiate solution polymerization.

[0045] The initiators in this step are potassium sulfate and sodium bisulfite.

[0046] S15. Finally, pour the mixed solvent into a special mold and freeze-thaw three times to obtain a hydrogel.

[0047] The special mold used in this step is a cuboid mold with a spherical protrusion on one side. The freeze-thaw cycle in this step is as follows: place the special mold in a 70℃ constant temperature drying oven for 24 hours, remove the special mold and place it in a 50℃ oven for 24 hours, cool to room temperature, then place it in a -20℃ freezer for 22 hours, and then remove it and allow it to recover at room temperature for 2 hours. The above process needs to be repeated three times.

[0048] S2. Water vapor adsorbent particles are embedded in a novel chitosan hydrophobic association-microcrystalline dual-network hydrogel.

[0049] The water vapor adsorbent particles used in this step are calcium chloride or silica gel, etc.

[0050] S3. Assemble the novel chitosan hydrophobic-associated microcrystalline dual-network hydrogel with the photovoltaic module 3.

[0051] In this step, the adhesive side of the hydrogel 2 is tightly attached to the backsheet of the photovoltaic module 3 and dried at room temperature to ensure a tight bond between them. A frame 1 is then installed around the hydrogel 2 and the photovoltaic module 3 for fixation. The hydrogel 2 is used to cool the photovoltaic module 3.

[0052] The novel chitosan hydrophobic-associated-microcrystalline dual-network hydrogel prepared in this invention is a novel hydrogel with good water absorption and adsorption properties, exhibiting good adsorption force for commonly used photovoltaic module backsheets. Simultaneously, a water vapor adsorption layer is composited on the surface of the novel chitosan hydrophobic-associated-microcrystalline dual-network hydrogel, enhancing its adsorption capacity for water vapor. Fig. 2 As shown, a novel chitosan hydrophobic association-microcrystalline dual-network hydrogel is adsorbed onto a photovoltaic module 3, with an external frame 1. The temperature of the photovoltaic module is effectively reduced through the cycle of water absorption and evaporation of the novel chitosan hydrophobic association-microcrystalline dual-network hydrogel.

[0053] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein are intended to help the reader understand the principles of the invention, and should be understood that the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific modifications and combinations based on the technical teachings disclosed in this invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these modifications and combinations are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for cooling a photovoltaic assembly based on a hydrogel material, characterized in that, The application relates to a method for preparing a water gel for photovoltaic components. The method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a water gel, which is a chitosan hydrophobic association-microcrystal double network water gel; S2, inlaying water vapor adsorbent particles on the chitosan hydrophobic association-microcrystal double network water gel; S3, assembling the chitosan hydrophobic association-microcrystal double network water gel with a photovoltaic component; The step S1 comprises the following sub-steps: S11, heating and stirring a base with deionized water to obtain a uniform solution; S12, adding a hydrophilic monomer and a hydrophobic monomer; S13, adding a natural emulsifier to uniformly disperse the hydrophobic monomer in the gel system; S14, adding an initiator to initiate solution polymerization; S15, finally pouring the mixed solvent into a special mold, and freezing and thawing for three times to prepare the water gel; The special mold in the step S15 is a cuboid mold with a spherical protrusion on one side; The water vapor adsorbent particles in the step S2 are calcium chloride or water-absorbing silica gel; 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrogel material is a polyacrylamide hydrogel material. In the step S3, the water gel is adhered to the back plate of the photovoltaic component with viscosity, dried at normal temperature, closely connected with the back plate of the photovoltaic component, and fixed by installing a frame around the water gel and the photovoltaic component, so that the photovoltaic component is cooled by the water gel.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrogel material is a polyacrylamide hydrogel material. The base in the step S11 is polyvinyl alcohol and natural high molecular chitosan.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrogel material is a polyacrylamide hydrogel material. The hydrophilic monomer in the step S12 is acrylamide and acrylic acid, and the hydrophobic monomer is octadecyl methacrylate.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrogel material is a polyacrylamide hydrogel material. The natural emulsifier in the step S13 is gum arabic.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrogel material is a polyacrylamide hydrogel material. The initiator in the step S14 is potassium sulfate and sodium bisulfite. The freezing and thawing cycle in the step S15 is as follows: placing the special mold in a 70 DEG C constant temperature drying box for 24 h, taking out the special mold and placing it in a 50 DEG C oven for 24 h, cooling to room temperature, placing again, freezing in a-20 DEG C refrigerator for 22 h, taking out and recovering at room temperature for 2 h, and repeating the above process for three times.

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