An upward long-path filling mining method

Abstract

This invention discloses an upward long-path backfilling mining method, belonging to the field of mining, which solves the problems of low mining efficiency and poor ventilation in existing mining methods. The invention includes the following steps: vertically dividing the ore body into multiple intermediate sections, and further dividing the ore body into multiple blocks along the strike; vertically dividing the blocks within each intermediate section into multiple layers, and dividing each layer into multiple strip ore bodies perpendicular to the strike of the ore body; leaving isolation pillars at both ends of the blocks in each layer; tunneling roadways; and mining and backfilling the ore bodies in the layered blocks in strips until the entire ore body is mined. Compared with the traditional upward-path backfilling method, this invention has a longer mining path, reducing the number of times mining equipment needs to be moved; it eliminates the need to consider the solidification of the backfill before mining, enabling continuous mining and further improving ore output capacity and mining efficiency; the working face is always located on the necessary ventilation path for fresh airflow, ensuring a continuous supply of fresh air and good ventilation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of mining, and particularly relates to a long upward drift filling mining method. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, when mining an acute-inclined thick ore body by using the upward horizontal drift filling mining method, the layered ore body is generally divided into several drifts along the ore body strike, and then the drifts are mined and filled in turn. Sometimes, in order to improve the mining efficiency and the ore output capacity, two-step mining and filling of the ore body is adopted, and one ore body is mined every other one, and meanwhile, several drifts are mined. However, due to the too short drift, the mining equipment needs to be frequently transferred, which reduces the mining efficiency of the equipment. In addition, when the drift is mined to the deep part, due to the reasons such as air flow shunting or short circuit, the air flow is difficult to enter the mining working face, which affects the ventilation effect. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to provide a long upward drift filling mining method, so as to solve the problems of low mining efficiency and poor ventilation existing in the prior art.

[0004] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a long upward drift filling mining method, which is mined from top to bottom as a whole, and is mined from bottom to top in a middle section or stage, and is retreated from one end to the other end in the horizontal direction, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: dividing the acute-inclined thick ore body into multiple middle sections according to the vertical height of the ore body every 40-60 m, and dividing the ore body into multiple ore blocks every 200-300 m in length along the strike;

[0006] Step 2: vertically dividing the ore blocks into multiple layers every 8-12 m in the middle section, and dividing each layer into multiple strip ore bodies every 16-24 m in length along the strike of the ore body, and leaving a 10-12 m wide isolation pillar at both ends of the ore blocks in each layer;

[0007] Step 3: arranging a middle section transport roadway at the lower disc of the middle section ore body, arranging a vein outside return air roadway at the upper disc of the middle section ore body, and arranging a sectional transport roadway at the lower disc of each layer of the middle section ore body, and connecting the sectional transport roadway of each section with the middle section transport roadway by a middle section chute; horizontally excavating a cutting vein into the internal ore body of the layer ore block along the strike of the ore body from the sectional transport roadway, and excavating a plurality of mining drifts in the middle part of each strip ore body along the strike of the ore body, and connecting the mining drifts by a return air vein at the end of each mining drift and connecting the vein outside return air roadway; connecting the vein outside return air roadway with a special return air shaft through a return air connecting passage;

[0008] Step four: when mining the ore body of the layered ore block, the strip mining is adopted; each three strip ore bodies near each other form a group, and the three strip ore bodies in the group are mined in a certain order one by one: first, the strip ore body near the lower disc of the group is mined, then the strip ore body near the upper disc of the group is mined, and finally the middle strip ore body is mined; when mining a single strip ore body, the mining is retreated from the return air vein to the cutting vein, and the isolation pillars at both ends are temporarily not mined. After each strip ore body in the group is mined, the cemented filling is formed to form a filling body;

[0009] Step five: after all the strip ore bodies of the layered ore block are mined and filled, the isolation pillars on both sides of the cutting vein are retreated from the return air roadway to the segmented transportation roadway, and are filled immediately after mining; the return air vein of the layered ore block is connected to the segmented transportation roadway in the reverse direction, and will be used as the cutting vein of the adjacent unmined layered ore block; the isolation pillars in the return air vein will not be mined, and will be left for the next ore block mining; the return air vein of the ore block is connected to the segmented transportation roadway, and is used as the cutting vein of the next ore block mining;

[0010] Step six: repeat steps four and five to complete the mining of the entire ore body.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, when mining the layered ore block, the fresh air flow enters the strip ore body mining working face through the segmented transportation roadway, the segmented connecting passage, the cutting vein and the mining access in sequence, and after washing dust, the dirty air enters the return air vein through the mined-out area of the strip ore body, and then enters the air return roadway outside the vein through the return air vein, and finally enters the special air return well to be discharged to the ground.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present application, when mining the strip ore body and the isolation pillar of the layered ore block, upward fan-shaped medium-length hole drilling and blasting are adopted, the hole spacing is 0.8-1.2m, the blast hole row spacing is 0.8-1.2m, and 4-8 rows of holes are drilled at one time; 4-8 rows of holes are simultaneously detonated at one time, and then the air is ventilated and the dust is settled, and then the ore is mined.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present application, the cross section shape of the cutting vein, the mining access and the return air vein is three-centered arch type or rectangular.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present application, each group of strip ore bodies in the layered ore block can be simultaneously mined according to the predetermined mining order in the group.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. Compared with the traditional upward access filling method, the present application has a long mining access, reduces the number of times of changing the mining and loading equipment, has good mining continuity, and further improves the ore mining capacity and mining efficiency through the upward fan-shaped medium-length hole drilling and blasting of the whole strip section.

[0017] 2. Compared with the traditional upward drift filling method, the method does not need to consider the post-solidification mining of the filling body, the continuity of the mining filling and the re-mining is good, the continuous mining can be realized, and the ore output capacity and the mining efficiency are further improved.

[0018] 3. Compared with the traditional upward drift filling method, the stoping working face of the mining method is always located on the necessary airway of fresh air flow, and there is always fresh air flow supply, the ventilation effect is good, and the ventilation safety of the mining operation can be better ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a left view in the mining process in the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is the I-I view in Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 3 is the II-II view in Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic view before mining the first strip ore body in the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic view before mining the second strip ore body and after filling the first strip ore body in the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic view before mining the third strip ore body and after filling the second strip ore body in the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 is a schematic view after filling the third strip ore body in the embodiment of the present application.

[0026] In the figure: 1 - middle section transport drift; 2 - sectional transport drift; 3 - middle section chute; 4 - sectional communication way; 5 - cutting through vein; 6 - stoping drift; 7 - return air through vein; 8 - return air communication way; 9 - vein external return air drift; 10 - special return air shaft; 11 - isolation pillar; 12 - strip ore body; 13 - filling body; 14 - blast hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and the specific embodiments.

[0028] An upward long drift filling mining method, comprising the following steps:

[0029] Step one: steeply inclined thick ore body is divided into multiple sections according to the vertical height of the ore body, and the ore body is divided into multiple blocks along the strike every 200-300m in length, and the block width is the thickness of the ore body;

[0030] Step two: the blocks are vertically divided into multiple layers according to the vertical height of the ore body, and each layer is divided into multiple strip ore bodies 12 every 16-24m in length along the strike, and 10-12m wide isolation pillars 11 are left at both ends of each layer of blocks;

[0031] Step three: a section transport drift 1 is arranged at the lower side of the section ore body, an out-of-vein air return drift 9 is arranged at the upper side of the section ore body, and a section transport drift 2 is arranged at the lower side of each layer of the section ore body; the section transport drift 2 of each section in the section is connected by a section chute 3; a cutting through vein 5 is horizontally excavated into the internal side of the layer block from the section transport drift 2 along the strike of the ore body, and a plurality of stoping access roads 6 are excavated in the middle of each strip ore body along the strike of the ore body; an air return through vein 7 is excavated at the end of each stoping access road 6 to connect each stoping access road 6 and connect the out-of-vein air return drift 9; the out-of-vein air return drift 9 is connected to the special air return shaft 10 through the air return connecting channel 8;

[0032] Step four: when the ore body of the layer block is mined, it is mined in strips; every three strip ore bodies 12 adjacent to each other form a group, and the three strip ore bodies 12 in the group are mined in a certain order: first, the strip ore body 12 close to the lower side of the group is mined, then the strip ore body 12 close to the upper side of the group is mined, and finally the strip ore body 12 in the middle is mined; when a single strip ore body 12 is mined, it is mined backward from the air return through vein 7 to the cutting through vein 5, and the isolation pillars 11 at both ends are not mined at this time. After each strip ore body 12 in the group is mined, it is immediately formed into a filling body 13 by cementation and filling;

[0033] Step five: after all the strip ore bodies 12 of the layer block are mined and filled, the isolation pillars 11 on both sides of the cutting through vein 5 are mined backward from the air return drift 9 to the section transport drift 2, and are immediately filled after mining; the air return through vein 7 of the layer block is connected to the section transport drift 2 in the reverse direction and will be used as the cutting through vein 5 of the adjacent unmined layer block; the isolation pillars 11 in the air return through vein 7 will not be mined and will be left for the next block mining; the air return through vein 7 of the block is connected to the section transport drift 2 and used as the cutting through vein 5 of the next block during mining;

[0034] Step six: repeat steps four and five to complete the mining of the entire ore body.

[0035] When the sublevel ore block is mined, the fresh air flow enters the strip ore body 12 mining working face through the sublevel transport roadway 2, the sublevel connecting passage 4, the cutting through vein 5 and the mining access 6 in turn, and after washing dust, the dirty air enters the goaf of the strip ore body 12 through the return air through vein 7, and then enters the vein outside return air roadway 9 through the return air through vein 7, and finally enters the special return air shaft 10 to be discharged to the ground.

[0036] When the strip ore body 12 and the isolated ore pillar 11 of the sublevel ore block are mined, upward fan-shaped medium-length hole drilling and blasting is used, the hole spacing is 0.8-1.2m, the blast hole row spacing is 0.8-1.2m, and 4-8 rows of holes are drilled at one time; 4-8 rows of holes are simultaneously detonated at one time, and after blasting, ventilation and dust removal are carried out, and then the ore is mined.

[0037] The cross-sectional shape of the cutting through vein 5, the mining access 6 and the return air through vein 7 is a three-center arch type or a rectangle, and the size should be convenient for equipment operation, and can carry out mining operation and meet the ventilation requirements.

[0038] Each group of strip ore bodies 12 in the sublevel ore block can be mined at the same time according to the established mining sequence in the group.

[0039] The present application is a kind of upward long access filling mining method which can be applied in steeply inclined thick and large ore body, has large ore output capacity, high mining efficiency and good ventilation effect.

[0040] The present application adopts longitudinal long access and strip combination mining design to reduce the frequency of equipment transfer during mining process, seamlessly connects the mining and filling operation links, and makes the mining operation surface always on the fresh air flow path, thereby increasing the ore output capacity, improving the mining efficiency and ensuring the ventilation safety.

[0041] The present application can solve the problems of small ore output capacity, low mining efficiency and poor ventilation effect in the traditional upward access filling mining method for mining thick and large ore body, and through longitudinal long access and strip ore body combination mining, the ore output capacity is larger, the mining efficiency is higher and the ventilation is safer when the upward access filling mining method is used to mine steeply inclined thick and large ore body.

[0042] The contents not described in detail in the specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A top longwall fill mining method, characterized in that Comprising the following steps: Step one: according to the vertical height of the ore body, the steeply inclined thick and large ore body is divided into multiple sections every 40-60m in height, and the ore body is divided into multiple blocks every 200-300m in length along the strike; Step two: in the section, the blocks are vertically divided into multiple layers every 8-12m in vertical height, and each layer is divided into multiple strip ore bodies (12) every 16-24m in length along the vertical strike, and 10-12m wide isolation pillars (11) are left at both ends of each layer; Step three: a section transport drift (1) is arranged at the lower wall of the section ore body, an out-of-vein air return drift (9) is arranged at the upper wall of the section ore body, and a subsection transport drift (2) is arranged at the lower wall of each layer in the section ore body, and the subsection transport drift (2) in each subsection in the section is connected with the section transport drift (1) by a section chute (3); a cutting through vein (5) is horizontally excavated into the internal side of the layer ore body from the subsection transport drift (2) every 16-24m in length along the vertical strike, and multiple mining access roads (6) are excavated in the middle of each strip ore body (12) along the strike, and air return through veins (7) are excavated at the end of each mining access road (6) to connect each mining access road (6) and connect with the out-of-vein air return drift (9); the out-of-vein air return drift (9) is connected with a special air return shaft (10) through an air return connecting passage (8); Step four: when the ore body of the layer block is mined, it is mined in strips; every three strip ore bodies (12) near each other form a group, and the three strip ore bodies (12) in the group are mined in a certain order: first, the strip ore body (12) near the lower wall of the group is mined, then the strip ore body (12) near the upper wall of the group is mined, and finally the middle strip ore body (12) is mined, and the strip ore body (12) is mined by retreating from the air return through vein (7) to the cutting through vein (5), and the isolation pillars (11) at both ends are not mined at this time; after each strip ore body (12) in the group is mined, a filling body (13) is formed by immediate cementation and filling; Step five: after all the strip ore bodies (12) of the layer block are mined and filled, the isolation pillars (11) on both sides of the cutting through vein (5) are mined by retreating from the air return drift (9) to the subsection transport drift (2), and are filled immediately after mining; the air return through vein (7) of the layer block is connected to the subsection transport drift (2) by reversing, and will be used as the cutting through vein (5) of the adjacent unmined layer block; the isolation pillars (11) in the air return through vein (7) will not be mined, and will be left for the next block mining, the air return through vein (7) of the block is connected with the subsection transport drift (2), and is used as the cutting through vein (5) of the next block mining; Step six: repeat steps four and five to complete the mining of the entire ore body.

2. A top longwall advance method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the layer block is mined, fresh air flows into the strip ore body (12) mining working face through the subsection connecting passage (4), the cutting through vein (5) and the mining access road (6) from the subsection transport drift (2) in sequence, and after washing dust, the dirty air enters the air return through vein (7) from the strip ore body (12) mined-out area, and then enters the out-of-vein air return drift (9) from the air return through vein (7), and finally enters the special air return shaft (10) to be discharged to the ground.

3. A top longwall advance method according to claim 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that: The upward fan-shaped medium-length hole is used for rock drilling and blasting in the strip ore body (12) and the isolated pillar (11) of the layered ore block, the hole spacing is 0.8-1.2 m, the hole row spacing is 0.8-1.2 m, 4-8 rows of holes are drilled at one time, 4-8 rows of holes are simultaneously detonated at one time, and the ore is mined after the blasting and the ventilation and dust removal.

4. A top longwall advance method according to claim 3, characterised in that: The cross section shape of the cut-through vein (5), the mining access (6) and the return air cut-through vein (7) is a three-centered arch type or a rectangular shape.

5. A top longwall advance method according to claim 4, characterised in that: Each group of strip ore bodies (12) in the layered ore block can be simultaneously mined according to the established mining sequence in the group.

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