A high-efficiency compact diffusion welded heat exchanger core

Abstract

The application discloses a high-efficiency compact diffusion-welded heat exchanger core body, which comprises a first fluid plate, a plurality of second fluid plates and a plurality of intermediate plates. The first fluid plate, the second fluid plates and the intermediate plates are stacked in sequence and then diffusion-welded to form a heat exchanger core body structure. The holes in the upper and lower layers of the plates completely correspond to each other, the pressure borne by different positions of the core body is relatively uniform during diffusion welding, the welding quality is high, the channel size is small after welding, and the diffusion welding quality of the core body is improved. The high-efficiency compact diffusion-welded heat exchanger core body provided by the application can realize high-efficiency heat exchange of two or more kinds of fluids, is particularly suitable for heat exchange of working medium with large channels on one side or large channels on both sides, and has good economic performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of heat exchanger manufacturing technology, specifically relating to a high-efficiency, compact diffusion-welded heat exchanger core. Background Technology

[0002] Printed circuit board (PCB) heat exchangers are high-efficiency, compact heat exchangers characterized by high heat exchange efficiency and resistance to high temperatures and pressures, showing great promise for applications in supercritical carbon dioxide power generation, offshore oil and gas platforms, and nuclear power. Traditional PCB heat exchangers feature etched semi-circular channels with diameters of 0.1mm-2mm on both the hot and cold sides, suitable for clean gas or liquid working fluids. In nuclear power, concentrated solar power (CSP), and flue gas recovery, the working fluid on one side of the heat exchanger may be liquid metal, molten salt, or flue gas, requiring larger channels to prevent blockage. However, due to limitations in etching processes, the channel size cannot be made large. Therefore, existing technologies have designed hybrid heat exchangers, with one side featuring large finned channels and the other side featuring etched microchannels. However, because the finned side of the hybrid heat exchanger is relatively larger than the microchannel side, diffusion welding is difficult, easily resulting in welding defects and severe fin deformation after welding. Furthermore, due to the special structure of the finned side, its pressure-bearing capacity is low, with design pressure generally required to be below 10MPa, making it unsuitable for higher-pressure conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a high-efficiency, compact diffusion-welded heat exchanger core that enables efficient heat exchange of two or more fluids, and is particularly suitable for heat exchange of working fluids with a large channel on one side or both sides.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a high-efficiency, compact diffusion-welded heat exchanger core, comprising a first fluid plate, multiple layers of second fluid plates, and multiple layers of intermediate plates.

[0005] The first fluid plate is arranged in the uppermost and lowermost layers of the core structure, the multi-layer second fluid plate is arranged between the uppermost and lowermost first fluid plates, and the intermediate plates are arranged between adjacent second fluid plates.

[0006] The first fluid plate has spaced-apart first fluid holes, the second fluid plate has spaced-apart first fluid holes and second fluid holes, the side has an opening, and the middle plate has spaced-apart first fluid holes and second fluid holes.

[0007] The holes in the first fluid plate, the second fluid plate, and the intermediate plate correspond perfectly.

[0008] The first fluid hole on the uppermost first fluid plate is the inlet of the first fluid channel, used to guide the first fluid into the middle plate, and the first fluid hole on the lowermost first fluid plate is the outlet of the first fluid channel, used to guide the first fluid out of the middle plate.

[0009] The second fluid hole on the second fluid plate located below the uppermost first fluid plate is the inlet of the second fluid channel, used to guide the second fluid into the middle plate; the second fluid hole on the second fluid plate located above the lowermost first fluid plate is the outlet of the second fluid channel, used to guide the second fluid out of the middle plate.

[0010] The first fluid plate, the second fluid plate, and the first fluid holes on the intermediate plate together constitute the first fluid channel of the core structure.

[0011] The second fluid holes on the second fluid plate and the intermediate plate, as well as the openings on the side of the second fluid plate, together constitute the second fluid channel of the core structure.

[0012] The first and second fluid holes on the intermediate plate are the main heat exchange sections of the first and second fluid channels in the heat exchanger core structure.

[0013] The central axes of the main heat exchange sections of the first and second fluid channels are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the plane where the plates are located.

[0014] Preferably, the first fluid plate, the second fluid plate, and the intermediate plate are stacked in sequence and then formed into a heat sink core structure by diffusion welding.

[0015] Preferably, the shapes of the holes on the first fluid plate, the second fluid plate, and the intermediate plate include, but are not limited to, circles, rectangles, triangles, and rhombuses.

[0016] Preferably, the hole size corresponding to the same flow channel on the intermediate plates of different layers can be designed in a gradient form to form a flow channel with a gradient size.

[0017] Preferably, in the core structure, all the intermediate plates have the same structural dimensions.

[0018] Preferably, some or all of the intermediate plates in the core structure are provided with a reinforcing structure.

[0019] Preferably, fins are provided inside the first fluid channel and the second fluid channel to enhance heat transfer. The shape of the fins includes, but is not limited to, triangles, rectangles and trapezoids.

[0020] Preferably, the holes on the first fluid plate, the second fluid plate, and the intermediate plate can be processed using one or more methods, including machining, stamping, etching, laser cutting, and waterjet cutting.

[0021] Preferably, the size, quantity, and position of the first and second flow channels are determined by thermal calculations based on the actual application conditions of the product.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] The present invention provides a high-efficiency and compact diffusion welding heat exchanger core. Because the holes between the upper and lower plates are completely aligned, the pressure on different positions of the core is relatively uniform during diffusion welding, resulting in high welding quality. At the same time, the channel size deformation after welding is small, which improves the diffusion welding quality of the core.

[0024] In this invention, the flow channel shape of the large channel can be processed by stamping, laser cutting, machining and other methods, avoiding the limitation of etching size. The size can be determined according to actual needs, reducing the risk of flow channel blockage.

[0025] In this invention, each plate is processed within its own plane. Whether it is processing, etching or cutting, reinforcing ribs can be easily processed inside the flow channel, thereby improving the convective heat transfer coefficient and the compactness of the equipment, and enhancing heat transfer within the channel.

[0026] This invention improves the pressure-bearing capacity of the large channel side by designing it as a circular structure, thereby expanding the application range of the equipment.

[0027] Most of the plates and structures in this invention can be processed by economical, quick, and environmentally friendly machining or cutting methods, avoiding the problems of long processing cycles and serious environmental pollution faced by photochemical etching, thus reducing manufacturing costs and exhibiting good economic performance. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first fluid plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second fluid plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the intermediate plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the core in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the core in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the intermediate plate reinforcement structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal ribs of the flow channel in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure, 1 is the first fluid plate; 2 is the first fluid hole; 3 is the second fluid plate; 4 is the second fluid hole; 5 is the intermediate plate; 6 is the heat exchanger core; 7 is the first fluid channel; 8 is the second fluid channel; 9 is the second fluid outlet; 10 is the second fluid inlet; 11 is the intermediate plate reinforcement structure; and 12 is the internal rib of the flow channel. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention provides 1. a high-efficiency compact diffusion welding heat exchanger core, characterized in that: the heat exchanger core includes a first fluid plate 1, multiple layers of second fluid plates 3 and multiple layers of intermediate plates 5;

[0038] The first fluid plate 1 is arranged in the uppermost and lowermost layers of the core structure, the multi-layer second fluid plate 3 is arranged between the uppermost first fluid plate 1 and the lowermost first fluid plate 1, and the intermediate plate 5 is arranged between adjacent second fluid plates 3.

[0039] The first fluid plate 1 is provided with spaced first fluid holes 2, the second fluid plate 3 is provided with spaced first fluid holes 2 and second fluid holes 4, and has an opening on the side. The middle plate 5 is provided with spaced first fluid holes 2 and second fluid holes 4.

[0040] The holes in the first fluid plate 1, the second fluid plate 3, and the intermediate plate 5 correspond perfectly.

[0041] Among them, the first fluid hole 2 on the uppermost first fluid plate 1 is the inlet of the first fluid channel 7, which is used to guide the first fluid into the middle plate 5, and the first fluid hole 2 on the lowermost first fluid plate 1 is the outlet of the first fluid channel 7, which is used to guide the first fluid out of the middle plate 5.

[0042] The second fluid hole 4 on the second fluid plate 3 located below the uppermost first fluid plate 1 is the inlet 9 of the second fluid channel 8, used to guide the second fluid into the middle plate 5; the second fluid hole 4 on the second fluid plate 3 located above the lowermost first fluid plate 1 is the outlet 10 of the second fluid channel 8, used to guide the second fluid out of the middle plate 5.

[0043] The first fluid plate 1, the second fluid plate 3, and the first fluid holes 2 on the intermediate plate 5 together constitute the first fluid channel 7 of the core structure.

[0044] The second fluid holes 4 on the second fluid plate 3 and the intermediate plate 5, as well as the openings on the side of the second fluid plate 3, together constitute the second fluid channel 8 of the core structure.

[0045] The first fluid hole 2 and the second fluid hole 4 on the intermediate plate 5 constitute the main heat exchange sections of the first fluid channel 7 and the second fluid channel 8 of the heat exchanger core structure.

[0046] The central axes of the main heat exchange sections of the first fluid channel 7 and the second fluid channel 8 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the plane where the plates are located.

[0047] The following example, using a large-channel first fluid flow path and a small-channel second fluid flow path, further illustrates the heat exchanger core provided in the technical solution of this invention:

[0048] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this example provides a heat exchanger core 6, which includes a first fluid plate 1, several layers of second fluid plates 3, and several layers of intermediate plates 5.

[0049] Specifically, the first fluid plate 1 is arranged on the uppermost layer of the core 6, and a first fluid hole 2 is provided on it, forming the inlet of the first fluid channel 7, which guides the first fluid into the intermediate plate 5; at the same time, the first fluid plate 1 is also arranged on the lowermost layer of the core 6, and a first fluid hole 2 is provided on it, forming the outlet of the first fluid channel 7, which guides the first fluid out of the intermediate plate 5. Together with the first fluid hole 2 on the intermediate plate 5, the two form a complete first fluid channel 7.

[0050] The second fluid plate 3 is arranged below the uppermost first fluid plate 1, and has flow channels and second fluid holes 4, forming the inlet 9 of the second fluid channel 8, which guides the second fluid into the intermediate plate 5. Simultaneously, the second fluid plate 3 is also arranged above the lowermost first fluid plate 1, and has flow channels and second fluid holes 4, which guide the second fluid out of the intermediate plate 5. Together with the second fluid holes 4 on the intermediate plate 5, they form a complete second fluid channel 8. First fluid holes 2 are machined into the second fluid plate 3 to allow the first fluid to pass through it, forming a complete flow path.

[0051] The intermediate plate 5 is arranged between the second fluid plates 3, and forms the main heat exchange section of the heat exchanger core 6 through the first fluid hole 2 and the second fluid hole 4 above, which are the first fluid channel 7 and the second fluid channel 8.

[0052] In this embodiment, the first fluid plate 1, the second fluid plate 3, and the intermediate plate 5 are stacked in sequence and then formed into a core 6 by diffusion welding. The first fluid flows vertically downwards from above the core 6 along the first fluid channel 7. The second fluid enters the core 6 through the second fluid inlet 10, flows vertically upwards along the second fluid channel 8, and then exits the core 6 from the second fluid outlet 9. Figure 5 As shown, a complete first fluid channel 7 and a second fluid channel 8 are displayed, with countercurrent heat exchange achieved between the two.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the first fluid orifice 2 and the second fluid orifice 4 can be any shape such as circular, rectangular, triangular, or rhomboid, and can be processed by methods such as machining, stamping, etching, laser cutting, or water jet cutting. By adjusting the cross-sectional shape, flow channels of corresponding shapes can be formed, which, combined with the characteristics of the working fluids on the hot and cold sides, makes the structure of the heat exchanger more compact.

[0054] like Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the intermediate plate 5 can be partially or completely replaced with a reinforced intermediate plate 11. When the second fluid flows to the reinforced intermediate plate 11, the cavity formed above the plate increases the turbulence intensity of the fluid and also allows the fluid flow rate to be redistributed evenly, thereby improving the heat transfer effect of the device.

[0055] like Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, fins 12 can be processed inside the first fluid channel 7 to enhance heat transfer. The shape of the fins 12 is triangular, rectangular, trapezoidal, etc. The presence of fins can further improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0056] The hole size corresponding to the same flow channel on the intermediate plates 5 of different layers can be designed in a gradual form. By changing the size of different intermediate plates 5 on the same flow channel, a gradual flow channel can be formed, which can adapt to complex flow and heat transfer problems.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the core structure, the structural dimensions of the intermediate plates 5 are all the same to facilitate the manufacture of the equipment.

[0058] In the above examples, the number of plates and the flow channel form have been simplified, but the present invention is not limited to this and should be set according to actual needs. In fact, the number of the first fluid channel 7 and the second fluid channel 8, the number of plates, the orientation of the flow channels, etc., can all be adjusted according to different working requirements. The fluid passing through the first fluid channel 7 and the second fluid channel 8 is not limited; that is, both the first fluid channel 7 and the second fluid channel 8 can carry high-temperature fluids or low-temperature fluids. In addition, the size and shape of the fluid channels are not limited and can be designed according to the actual application scenario.

[0059] It should be noted that all directional and positional terms used in this invention, such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," "back," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "top," "lower," "tail end," "head end," and "center," are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and connection situations between components in a specific state. They are merely for the convenience of describing the invention and do not require the invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Additionally, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously.

[0060] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0061] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency, compact diffusion-welded heat exchanger core, characterized in that: The heat exchanger core includes a first fluid plate (1), multiple layers of second fluid plates (3), and multiple layers of intermediate plates (5); The first fluid plate (1) is arranged in the uppermost and lowermost layers of the core structure, the multiple layers of the second fluid plate (3) are arranged between the uppermost first fluid plate (1) and the lowermost first fluid plate (1), and the intermediate plate (5) is arranged between adjacent second fluid plates (3). The first fluid plate (1) is provided with spaced first fluid holes (2), the second fluid plate (3) is provided with spaced first fluid holes (2) and second fluid holes (4), and the side is provided with an opening. The middle plate (5) is provided with spaced first fluid holes (2) and second fluid holes (4). The holes in the first fluid plate (1), the second fluid plate (3), and the intermediate plate (5) are completely corresponding; The first fluid hole (2) on the uppermost first fluid plate (1) is the inlet of the first fluid channel (7) and is used to guide the first fluid into the middle plate (5). The first fluid hole (2) on the lowermost first fluid plate (1) is the outlet of the first fluid channel (7) and is used to guide the first fluid out of the middle plate (5). The second fluid hole (4) on the second fluid plate (3) located below the uppermost first fluid plate (1) is the inlet (10) of the second fluid channel (8) and is used to guide the second fluid into the intermediate plate (5); the second fluid hole (4) on the second fluid plate (3) located above the lowermost first fluid plate (1) is the outlet (9) of the second fluid channel (8) and is used to guide the second fluid out of the intermediate plate (5); The first fluid holes (2) on the first fluid plate (1), the second fluid plate (3), and the intermediate plate (5) together constitute the first fluid channel (7) of the core structure; The second fluid hole (4) on the second fluid plate (3) and the intermediate plate (5), as well as the opening on the side of the second fluid plate (3), together constitute the second fluid channel (8) of the core structure; The first fluid hole (2) and the second fluid hole (4) on the intermediate plate (5) constitute the main heat exchange sections of the first fluid channel (7) and the second fluid channel (8) of the heat exchanger core structure; The central axes of the main heat exchange sections of the first fluid channel (7) and the second fluid channel (8) are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the plane where the plate is located; The first fluid plate (1), the second fluid plate (3) and the intermediate plate (5) are stacked in sequence and then formed into a heat sink core structure by diffusion welding. The shapes of the holes on the first fluid plate (1), the second fluid plate (3) and the intermediate plate (5) include circles, rectangles, triangles and rhombuses; The first fluid channel (7) and the second fluid channel (8) are provided with ribs (12), and the shape of the ribs (12) includes triangles, rectangles and trapezoids.

2. The high-efficiency compact diffusion-welded heat exchanger core as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The hole size corresponding to the same flow channel on the intermediate plate (5) of different layers is designed to be gradually varied.

3. The high-efficiency compact diffusion-welded heat exchanger core as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the core structure, all the intermediate plates (5) have the same structural dimensions.

4. The high-efficiency compact diffusion-welded heat exchanger core as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The core structure has some or all of the intermediate plates with reinforcement structures (11).

5. The high-efficiency compact diffusion-welded heat exchanger core as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The holes on the first fluid plate (1), the second fluid plate (3) and the intermediate plate (5) are processed by one or more methods including machining, stamping, etching, laser cutting and water jet cutting.

6. The high-efficiency compact diffusion-welded heat exchanger core as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The dimensions, quantity, and location of the first and second flow channels are determined by thermal calculations based on the actual application conditions of the product.

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