A laser cladding material and a walking wheel obtained by applying the modified material

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of laser cladding technology, and specifically discloses a laser cladding material and a travel wheel obtained by using the modified material. A laser cladding material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of tungsten carbide powder; 20-28 parts of cobalt powder; 0.1-0.5 parts of magnesium oxide powder; 0.1-0.5 parts of cerium oxide powder; 0.1-0.3 parts of yttrium oxide powder; 10-18 parts of iron powder; 0.3-1 parts of boron powder; and 2-6 parts of nickel powder. A travel wheel comprises a travel wheel substrate, and the above-mentioned laser cladding material is applied to the gear teeth of the travel wheel substrate to form a cladding layer. The laser cladding material of the present application can function uniformly and stably during the cladding process, and the formed cladding layer has fewer pores and is not prone to cracking during subsequent continuous application, and is therefore not prone to cracking and falling off. At the same time, when applied to the travel wheel, the hardness and wear resistance of the tooth surface are greatly improved, thereby extending the service life of the travel wheel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of laser cladding technology, and more specifically, to a laser cladding material and a travel wheel obtained by using the modified material. Background Art

[0002] Laser cladding technology is an advanced manufacturing technology that irradiates a high-power density laser beam onto the surface of the substrate, causing the substrate and the cladding layer material to quickly melt and solidify, obtaining a coating that is metallurgically bonded to the substrate. Among them, tungsten carbide (WC) is the most widely used.

[0003] As an integral component of a shearer, the traction system is a crucial source of power. With increasingly complex underground geological conditions, increasing traction power and capacity, and increasing labor intensity, higher requirements are being placed on the travel wheels, a key component of the traction system. Existing travel wheels suffer from poor wear resistance, prone to tooth wear and sharpening, and a short service life. To overcome these deficiencies, laser tungsten carbide cladding is commonly used, significantly improving the hardness and wear resistance of the tooth surface.

[0004] Regarding the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors believe that the thermal process of the interaction between the laser and the cladding layer material will affect the microstructural evolution and thermal stress, and often cause pores in the cladding layer. Although the pores are relatively small overall, they can serve as the source of cracks. Especially in the high-demand work of the above-mentioned gear teeth, it is easy to cause coating cracking. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a solution to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to reduce the generation of pores in the cladding layer during the laser cladding process and avoid cracking of the coating, the present application provides a laser cladding material and a walking wheel obtained by using the modified material.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a laser cladding material, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A laser cladding material comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0008] 55-65 parts of tungsten carbide powder;

[0009] 20-28 parts of cobalt powder;

[0010] 0.1-0.5 parts of magnesium oxide powder;

[0011] 0.1-0.5 parts of cerium oxide powder;

[0012] 0.1-0.3 parts of yttrium oxide powder;

[0013] 10-18 parts iron powder;

[0014] Boron powder 0.3-1 part;

[0015] 2-6 parts nickel powder.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, tungsten carbide has high hardness and relatively good toughness, excellent wear resistance, and is the main component of laser cladding materials. The use of cobalt powder can be well matched with tungsten carbide powder and form a stable and excellent mixed matrix during the laser cladding process, which is conducive to the full cooperation of other raw materials in the matrix. Iron powder can play a transitional role, which is conducive to the formation of a tight and stable bond between the various components. Boron powder and nickel powder can greatly improve the hardness and wear resistance of the cladding layer. Magnesium oxide powder can play a good grain refining role in the laser cladding process, which is conducive to the uniform distribution of the hard phase, thereby greatly reducing the cracks in the cladding layer. The addition of cerium oxide powder can refine the structure of the cladding layer, greatly reduce the pores, and effectively inhibit the generation and growth of cracks. Yttrium oxide powder is beneficial to make the structure of the cladding layer more uniform, which can reduce the occurrence of pores and even cracks to a certain extent. At the same time, magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder can play an excellent compound synergistic role, so that the laser cladding material can play a role evenly and stably during the cladding process, and the formed cladding layer has fewer pores and is not prone to cracks in the subsequent continuous application process, and is not prone to cracking, and the overall application effect is outstanding.

[0017] Preferably, the weight ratio of the magnesium oxide powder, the cerium oxide powder and the yttrium oxide powder is (0.6-1.2):(1.4-1.8):1.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder are used within the above weight ratio range, and the coordination effect between them is relatively excellent. During the laser cladding process, the cladding layer produced has fewer pores, so that the coating formed by the laser cladding material is not only not easy to crack, but also has relatively excellent hardness and wear resistance as a whole.

[0019] Preferably, the weight ratio of the magnesium oxide powder, the cerium oxide powder and the yttrium oxide powder is 1:1.5:1.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the combination effect of magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder in the above proportions is the most excellent, and the overall effect in laser cladding materials is the most stable.

[0021] Preferably, the particle size of the laser cladding material is 400-600 mesh.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, during the laser cladding process, the various component raw materials of the laser cladding material with the above particle size can quickly form a stable combination and be more evenly distributed, which is conducive to ensuring the quality of the cladding layer and obtaining a coating with a uniform and stable organizational structure and fewer pores, and the overall application effect is relatively stable.

[0023] Preferably, 9-14 parts by weight of a reinforcing agent are further added to the laser cladding material, the reinforcing agent is composed of silicon powder and chromium carbide powder, and the weight ratio of the silicon powder to the chromium carbide powder is 1:(8-13).

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the addition of chromium carbide powder optimizes the structure of the cladding layer. During the laser cladding process, it can precipitate hard phases and blocky structures dispersed in the cladding layer, which can effectively remove defects such as pores and cracks in the cladding layer. The addition of silicon powder improves the uniformity between the components of the laser cladding material, and has excellent fluidity during the laser cladding process, resulting in excellent and stable forming effects and less prone to pores and cracks. At the same time, when silicon powder and chromium carbide powder are used in a specific ratio to form a reinforcing agent, they can play a synergistic role with each other, not only improving the hardness and wear resistance of the coating formed by the laser cladding material, but also greatly reducing the generation of pores and inhibiting the appearance of cracks, thereby making the coating less prone to cracking. It can be seen that reinforcing agents can bring more outstanding improvements to laser cladding materials.

[0025] Preferably, the weight ratio of the silicon powder to the chromium carbide powder is 1:10.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the silicon powder and chromium carbide powder in the above proportions have a relatively excellent coordination effect with each other, which has a more significant effect on improving the hardness and wear resistance of the coating formed by the laser cladding material. The resulting cladding layer has fewer pores, and the probability of cracking of the coating during the application process is low. The overall effect is relatively excellent and stable.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present application provides a walking wheel, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0028] A traveling wheel comprises a traveling wheel base body. The above-mentioned laser cladding material is applied to perform laser cladding on the gear teeth of the traveling wheel base body to form a cladding layer.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the above laser cladding material forms a cladding layer, i.e., a coating, on the surface of the gear teeth of the travel wheel substrate through laser cladding operation, which greatly improves the hardness and wear resistance of the tooth surface and extends the service life of the travel wheel.

[0030] Preferably, the cladding layer is composed of 3-5 cladding layers.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the coating layer composed of 3-5 layers of cladding layers has a more stable overall structure, and a mutually interlocking structure is formed between the layers. The overall hardness and wear resistance are relatively excellent, and 3-5 layers of cladding layers can meet the needs of strengthening the gear teeth on the walking wheel base.

[0032] Preferably, the thickness of the cladding layer is 0.3-0.5 mm.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the cladding layer of the above thickness can not only ensure that the thickness of the formed cladding layer is moderate, but also can exhibit excellent hardness and wear resistance, and can ensure that the laser cladding material forms a uniform and stable organizational structure, with less overall pores and less prone to cracks.

[0034] Preferably, a carbon fiber mesh is provided between adjacent cladding layers.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, the presence of the carbon fiber mesh improves the bonding strength between the cladding layers and can effectively inhibit the expansion of cracks. At the same time, the toughening effect is obvious, making it difficult for the cladding layer to fall off due to cracks.

[0036] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. Since this application uses magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder for compounding, the laser cladding material can function evenly and stably during the cladding process, and the formed cladding layer has fewer pores and is less likely to crack during subsequent continuous application, thereby less likely to cause cracking, and the overall application effect is outstanding;

[0038] 2. The reinforcing agent composed of silicon powder and chromium carbide powder in a specific ratio is used in this application, which can not only improve the hardness and wear resistance of the coating formed by the laser cladding material, but also greatly reduce the generation of pores and inhibit the occurrence of cracks, thereby making the coating less likely to crack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0040] Example

[0041] Example 1

[0042] A traveling wheel includes a traveling wheel base body, and a laser cladding material is applied to the teeth of the traveling wheel base body to form a cladding layer. The components of the laser cladding material and their corresponding weights are shown in Table 1.

[0043] Note: The material of the travel wheel substrate is 18Cr2Ni4WE, and the surface hardness is 58-62HRC; the laser cladding adopts the laser cladding machine model YC-YBD1000; the cladding layer consists of 4 layers; the cladding layer thickness is 0.4mm; the particle size of the laser cladding material is 500 mesh.

[0044] Example 2-3

[0045] A traveling wheel, which is different from Example 1 in that the components of the laser cladding material and their corresponding weights are shown in Table 1.

[0046] Table 1 Components and their weight parts in Examples 1-3 (kg / part)

[0047] Components Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Tungsten carbide powder 60 55 65 cobalt powder 24 20 28 magnesium oxide powder 0.3 0.1 0.5 Cerium oxide powder 0.3 0.5 0.1 Yttrium oxide powder 0.3 0.1 0.5 die-hard fans 14 10 18 Boron powder 0.65 0.3 1 Nickel powder 4 2 6

[0048] Example 4

[0049] A traveling wheel, which is different from Example 1 in that the coating layer is composed of three layers of cladding layers.

[0050] Example 5

[0051] A traveling wheel, which is different from Example 1 in that the coating layer is composed of 5 layers of cladding layers.

[0052] Example 6

[0053] A traveling wheel, which is different from Example 1 in that the thickness of the cladding layer is 0.3 mm.

[0054] Example 7

[0055] A traveling wheel, which is different from Example 1 in that the thickness of the cladding layer is 0.5 mm.

[0056] Example 8

[0057] A traveling wheel, which is different from Example 1 in that the particle size of the laser cladding material is 400 mesh.

[0058] Example 9

[0059] A traveling wheel, which is different from Example 1 in that the particle size of the laser cladding material is 600 mesh.

[0060] Example 10

[0061] A traveling wheel differs from Example 1 in that the total amount of magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder remains unchanged, and the weight ratio of magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder is adjusted to 1:1.5:1.

[0062] Example 11

[0063] A traveling wheel differs from Example 1 in that the total amount of magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder remains unchanged, and the weight ratio of magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder is adjusted to 0.9:1.6:1.

[0064] Example 12

[0065] A traveling wheel differs from Example 1 in that the total amount of magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder remains unchanged, and the weight ratio of magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder is adjusted to 0.6:1.4:1.

[0066] Example 13

[0067] A traveling wheel differs from Example 1 in that the total amount of magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder remains unchanged, and the weight ratio of magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder is adjusted to 1.2:1.8:1.

[0068] Example 14

[0069] A traveling wheel differs from Example 1 in that the total amount of magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder remains unchanged, and the weight ratio of magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder is adjusted to 0.5:1.3:1.

[0070] Example 15

[0071] A traveling wheel differs from Example 1 in that the total amount of magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder remains unchanged, and the weight ratio of magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder is adjusted to 1.3:1.9:1.

[0072] Example 16

[0073] A traveling wheel differs from Example 1 in that 11.5 parts by weight of a reinforcing agent are further added to the laser cladding material, and the reinforcing agent is composed of silicon powder and chromium carbide powder in a weight ratio of 1:10.

[0074] Example 17

[0075] A traveling wheel differs from Example 1 in that 9 parts by weight of a reinforcing agent are further added to the laser cladding material, and the reinforcing agent is composed of silicon powder and chromium carbide powder in a weight ratio of 1:10.

[0076] Example 18

[0077] A traveling wheel differs from Example 1 in that 14 parts by weight of a reinforcing agent are further added to the laser cladding material, and the reinforcing agent is composed of silicon powder and chromium carbide powder in a weight ratio of 1:10.

[0078] Example 19

[0079] A traveling wheel differs from Example 1 in that 11.5 parts by weight of a reinforcing agent are further added to the laser cladding material, and the reinforcing agent is composed of silicon powder and chromium carbide powder in a weight ratio of 1:8.

[0080] Example 20

[0081] A traveling wheel differs from Example 1 in that 11.5 parts by weight of a reinforcing agent are further added to the laser cladding material, and the reinforcing agent is composed of silicon powder and chromium carbide powder in a weight ratio of 1:13.

[0082] Example 21

[0083] A traveling wheel differs from Example 1 in that 11.5 parts by weight of a reinforcing agent are further added to the laser cladding material, and the reinforcing agent is composed of silicon powder and chromium carbide powder in a weight ratio of 1:10.5.

[0084] Example 22

[0085] A traveling wheel is different from Example 1 in that 11.5 parts by weight of a reinforcing agent is further added to the laser cladding material, and the reinforcing agent is silicon powder.

[0086] Example 23

[0087] A traveling wheel is different from Example 1 in that 11.5 parts by weight of a reinforcing agent is further added to the laser cladding material, and the reinforcing agent is chromium carbide powder.

[0088] Example 24

[0089] A traveling wheel differs from Example 1 in that 11.5 parts by weight of a reinforcing agent are further added to the laser cladding material, and the reinforcing agent is composed of silicon powder and chromium carbide powder in a weight ratio of 1:7.

[0090] Example 25

[0091] A traveling wheel differs from Example 1 in that 11.5 parts by weight of a reinforcing agent are further added to the laser cladding material, and the reinforcing agent is composed of silicon powder and chromium carbide powder in a weight ratio of 1:14.

[0092] Example 26

[0093] A traveling wheel, which differs from the embodiment 1 in that a carbon fiber mesh is provided between adjacent cladding layers. The carbon fiber mesh is purchased from YOSHINO brand YS-CFME-R10.

[0094] Comparative Example

[0095] Comparative Example 1

[0096] A traveling wheel, which differs from Example 1 in that the mass of magnesium oxide powder is replaced by cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder in a corresponding mass ratio.

[0097] Comparative Example 2

[0098] A traveling wheel, which differs from Example 1 in that the mass of cerium oxide powder is replaced by magnesium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder in a corresponding mass ratio.

[0099] Comparative Example 3

[0100] A traveling wheel, which differs from Example 1 in that the mass of yttrium oxide powder is replaced by magnesium oxide powder and cerium oxide powder in a corresponding mass ratio.

[0101] Comparative Example 4

[0102] A traveling wheel, which is different from Example 1 in that cerium oxide powder, yttrium oxide powder and the like are replaced by magnesium oxide powder.

[0103] Comparative Example 5

[0104] A traveling wheel, which is different from Example 1 in that magnesium oxide powder, yttrium oxide powder and the like are replaced by cerium oxide powder.

[0105] Comparative Example 6

[0106] A traveling wheel, which differs from Example 1 in that magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and the like are replaced by yttrium oxide powder.

[0107] Comparative Example 7

[0108] A traveling wheel, which is different from Example 1 in that the laser cladding material does not contain magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder.

[0109] Performance test sample: The running wheel obtained in Example 1-26 was used as the test sample 1-26, and the running wheel obtained in Comparative Example 1-7 was used as the control sample 1-7.

[0110] Test method: According to the requirements of GB / T2019 "Test method for performance of remanufactured laser cladding layers", the coating hardness, wear and porosity tests were performed on test samples 1-26 and control samples 1-7. The hardness test was performed on an HXD-1000 microhardness tester, and the wear test was performed on an MRH-3 high-speed ring-block wear tester. The porosity test conditions must meet the relevant provisions of GB / T 17721. The hardness value (HV), wear amount (mg) and porosity (%) measured for each sample are recorded in the table below.

[0111] Table 2 Test results of test samples 1-26 and control samples 1-7

[0112]

[0113]

[0114] Combining Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 with Table 2, it can be seen that the combination of magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder, and yttrium oxide powder can greatly improve the hardness of the coating layer, greatly reduce the wear and porosity, wherein the reduction in porosity means that the cladding layer has fewer pores and fewer cracks, and is less likely to crack and fall off during later application. The use of any one or two of magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder, and yttrium oxide powder, compared to the blank control without the three raw materials, can only bring about a simple superposition of effects and cannot play a composite synergistic role. Only when the three raw materials are used together can a composite synergistic role be played, and the overall application effect is outstanding.

[0115] In combination with Example 1, Example 2-3, Example 10-13, Example 14-15 and Table 2, it can be seen that when the weight ratio of magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder is within the range of (0.6-1.2): (1.4-1.8): 1, the test can show relatively excellent hardness, wear volume and porosity, among which when the weight ratio of magnesium oxide powder, cerium oxide powder and yttrium oxide powder is 1:1.5:1, the sample test performance is the best. While Examples 2-3 and Examples 14-15 are all outside the range of (0.6-1.2): (1.4-1.8): 1, there is a significant decrease in the hardness, wear volume and porosity tests, but they are still within the good performance range.

[0116] In combination with Example 1, and Examples 16-21 and Table 2, it can be seen that the use of a reinforcing agent composed of silicon powder and chromium carbide powder in a specific ratio can not only improve the hardness and wear resistance of the coating formed by the laser cladding material, but also significantly improve the hardness and wear resistance of the coating, significantly reduce the hardness and wear amount during the test, and greatly reduce the generation of pores, the overall porosity is low, and it is more difficult to crack and fall off. In combination with Examples 22-23 and Table 2, it can be seen that when silicon powder or chromium carbide powder is used alone as a reinforcing agent, the improvement in hardness, wear amount and porosity performance is limited, and is far less effective than the excellent effect brought by the compounding of the two. In combination with Examples 24-25 and Table 2, it can be seen that if the weight ratio of silicon powder and chromium carbide powder is outside 1: (8-13), the improvement effect brought about will have a greater loss. It can be seen that only when silicon powder and chromium carbide powder form a reinforcing agent within a specific ratio range can a more prominent improvement effect be brought about.

[0117] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A laser cladding material, characterized in that: Contains the following components in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of tungsten carbide powder; 20-28 parts of cobalt powder; 0.1-0.5 parts of magnesium oxide powder; 0.1-0.5 parts of cerium oxide powder; 0.1-0.3 parts of yttrium oxide powder; 10-18 parts iron powder; Boron powder 0.3-1 part; 2-6 parts nickel powder; 9-14 parts of reinforcing agent; The reinforcing auxiliary agent consists of silicon powder and chromium carbide powder, and the weight ratio of the silicon powder to the chromium carbide powder is 1:(8-13).

2. The laser cladding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the magnesium oxide powder, the cerium oxide powder and the yttrium oxide powder is (0.6-1.2): (1.4-1.8):

1.

3. The laser cladding material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the magnesium oxide powder, the cerium oxide powder and the yttrium oxide powder is 1:1.5:

1.

4. The laser cladding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the laser cladding material is 400-600 mesh.

5. The laser cladding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the silicon powder to the chromium carbide powder is 1:

10.

6. A traveling wheel, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a traveling wheel base body, and the laser cladding material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is applied to perform laser cladding on the gear teeth of the traveling wheel base body to form a cladding layer.

7. The travel wheel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cladding layer is composed of 3-5 cladding layers.

8. The travel wheel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the cladding layer is 0.3-0.5 mm.

9. The travel wheel according to claim 7, characterized in that: A carbon fiber mesh is arranged between adjacent cladding layers.

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