A method for stimulating tropical sea cucumbers to spawn and ejaculate by continuously aerating water

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for stimulating tropical sea cucumbers to lay eggs and release sperm by continuously aerating water bodies. The present invention effectively stimulates tropical sea cucumbers to lay eggs and release sperm by operating the steps of parent ginseng treatment, continuously aerating water bodies to induce spawning, separating male and female parent ginseng, and continuously aerating water bodies to stimulate the spawning and release sperm, and the spawning efficiency and the amount of eggs laid are significantly improved, sufficient fertilized eggs are obtained, and a technical basis is provided for the large-scale cultivation of tropical sea cucumber seedlings. The present invention is simple to operate, has low equipment requirements, is short in time consumption, and is suitable for promotion, providing technical support for the transplantation, proliferation and commercial application of tropical sea cucumbers.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular relates to a method for stimulating tropical sea cucumbers to spawn and ejaculate by continuously aerating water bodies. Background technology:

[0002] Sea cucumber is a traditional nourishing food in my country, ranking first among the eight delicacies. It is not only rich in nutrition, but also has extremely high medicinal value. In addition, sea cucumbers live in the bottom of the sea, mainly feeding on organic debris in the seabed mud, playing a role in biological agitation and promoting material circulation, and playing a vital role in the seabed ecosystem. At present, except for the cold-water species of Apostichopus japonicus, the rest of the edible sea cucumbers are distributed in subtropical and tropical waters. Due to the lack of artificial breeding technology, tropical sea cucumbers have always relied on wild fishing. Due to the increasing market demand, tropical sea cucumbers are overfished seriously, and even resources are exhausted, which also causes serious damage to seabed ecosystems such as coral reefs. Therefore, developing tropical sea cucumber artificial breeding industry and reducing wild fishing can not only meet market demand, but also protect tropical sea cucumber wild populations and seabed ecosystems.

[0003] Artificial breeding is a prerequisite for artificial breeding. And induced spawning is a key technical link in artificial breeding. According to publicly available information, the current more efficient tropical sea cucumber induced spawning technology process is: after a certain period of shade drying, water flow stimulation, male and female sea cucumbers produce sperm and spawn separately, continuous water flow stimulation, and then fertilize according to a certain ratio to obtain fertilized eggs (Comparative Document 1, a method for improving the spawning efficiency of sea cucumbers by continuous stimulation, CN109220913A). Although the existing induced spawning technology can obtain a sufficient amount of fertilized eggs, the operation process requires continuous artificial stirring of the water body, and the frequency and intensity of artificial stirring are not easy to master. Excessive stirring intensity can easily cause tropical sea cucumbers to be frightened and stop ovulation, and too small stirring intensity cannot fully stimulate spawning. In addition, it is also necessary to squat for a long time, increase labor costs, and is not conducive to application and promotion. Summary of the invention:

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a method for stimulating tropical sea cucumbers to lay eggs and ejaculate by continuously aerating the water body, which is simple to operate, short in time, and has a large amount of spawning, and effectively reduces production costs and labor costs. The present invention is the first to continuously stimulate tropical sea cucumbers by aerating the water body, so that the spawning efficiency of tropical sea cucumbers is substantially improved, and the spawning amount is greatly increased while simplifying the spawning induction steps, saving and shortening the spawning induction time, and providing a basis for large-scale breeding of tropical sea cucumbers.

[0005] The method of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for stimulating tropical sea cucumbers to spawn and ejaculate by continuously aerating water, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0007] A. From June to September, collect wild tropical sea cucumbers;

[0008] B. Rinse the ginseng and put it into the spawning bucket, add seawater;

[0009] C. When the ginseng climbs above the water surface, place an air chamber in the bucket to continuously aerate the water, forming a stable water flow to stir the water;

[0010] D. If you find that the ginseng is producing sperm or laying eggs, catch it immediately. All male ginsengs that are producing sperm should be placed in a separate sperm-producing bucket, and all female ginsengs that are laying eggs should be placed in a separate egg-laying bucket. At the same time, place an air chamber in the bucket to continuously inflate the water and continuously stimulate egg-laying and sperm-laying.

[0011] After spawning and sperm production, the sperm and eggs are wet-inseminated artificially, and the density of fertilized eggs is adjusted to 500,000 to 1,000,000 per ton of seawater for subsequent hatching.

[0012] Preferably, the sea cucumber is Sea Cucumber sutchuenensis.

[0013] Preferably, the seawater is added in step B to a water depth of 0.7 to 1.2 m.

[0014] Preferably, the air chamber placement standard in steps C and D is 1.0 to 2.0 m 2 / indivual.

[0015] Preferably, the time for continuous aeration of the water body in steps C and D is 1.0 to 2.5 hours.

[0016] Preferably, the air chamber intensity of the continuous aeration treatment of the water body described in steps C and D is a water surface bubble movement speed of 20 to 30 cm / s.

[0017] The difference between the present invention and the disclosed sea cucumber induction method is that: while the disclosed method is cumbersome to operate and time-consuming, the present invention uses continuous aeration of the water body to stimulate the tropical sea cucumber parent, which significantly improves the spawning efficiency and output of tropical sea cucumbers, and obtains a sufficient amount of fertilized eggs. It is significantly different from the disclosed method of waiting for delivery after continuous stimulation of drying in the shade and running water. The disclosed method cannot predict whether the method of the present invention is feasible, nor can it form a revelatory effect on the method of the present invention. The present invention breaks the tradition of waiting for spawning after drying in the shade and stimulating with running water during the sea cucumber induction process. It stimulates the female tropical sea cucumber by continuously aerating the water body, significantly improving the spawning efficiency of tropical sea cucumbers, and providing support for the mature application of large-scale proliferation technology of tropical sea cucumbers. The method of the present invention is simple to operate, has low equipment requirements, and is suitable for promotion, providing technical support for the transplantation, proliferation and commercial application of tropical sea cucumbers. Description of the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 Yes: The parent ginseng that climbed to the top of the spawning bucket;

[0019] Figure 2 Yes: The male ginseng that ejaculates;

[0020] Figure 3 Yes: The female ginseng that lays eggs. Specific implementation method:

[0021] The following examples are provided to further illustrate the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention.

[0022] Embodiment 1:

[0023] Artificial induction of labor in tropical sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota

[0024] A. In August 2022, 80 wild sea cucumbers with a body length of more than 20 cm were collected from the seabed of the natural sea area of ​​Shenzhen, Guangdong as the prepared ginseng population. The gender of the ginseng could not be determined at this time;

[0025] B. Rinse the ginseng and place it in a spawning bucket, then add seawater to a depth of 1.0m;

[0026] C. Wait for the ginseng to climb above the water surface ( Figure 1 ), place an air chamber in the barrel with a density of 1m 2 / Set the inflation intensity to a water bubble moving speed of 25cm / s, forming a stable water flow to stir the water body, and continue inflation for 1.0h;

[0027] D. If you find that the male ginseng is producing sperm or laying eggs, immediately catch them. All male ginsengs that are producing sperm should be placed in a separate sperm-producing bucket, and all female ginsengs that are laying eggs should be placed in a separate egg-laying bucket. Figure 2 and 3 ), and place an air chamber in the barrel with a density of 1m 2 / , set the aeration intensity to a water bubble moving speed of 25cm / s, and continuously aerate the water for 1.0h to continuously stimulate spawning and sperm production; in this step, a total of 9 sperm-producing male ginsengs and 5 spawning female ginsengs were found;

[0028] E. Perform wet artificial insemination on sperm and eggs. Generally, male ginseng produces sufficient sperm, and the sperm concentration is much higher than that of eggs. Performing wet artificial insemination on sperm and eggs at a volume ratio of 1:100 can effectively avoid polyspermy and obtain a higher proportion of high-quality fertilized eggs. The density of fertilized eggs can be adjusted to about 1 million per ton of seawater for subsequent hatching.

[0029] After the operation of Example 1 of the present invention, the fertilized eggs were dispersed into 15 1-ton barrels for incubation. Sampling statistics showed that there were about 15 million fertilized eggs, and the average egg-laying capacity of female ginseng was 3 million eggs per head, which provided a good foundation for subsequent large-scale cultivation.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] Artificial induction of labor in tropical sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota

[0032] A. In August 2022, 80 wild sea cucumbers with a body length of more than 20 cm were collected from the seabed of the natural sea area of ​​Shenzhen, Guangdong as the prepared ginseng population. The gender of the ginseng could not be determined at this time;

[0033] B. Rinse the ginseng and place it in a spawning bucket, then add seawater to a depth of 1.0m;

[0034] C. When the ginseng climbs above the water surface, place an air chamber in the bucket with a density of 1m 2 / , set the inflation intensity to a bubble movement speed of 25cm / s on the water surface, form a stable water flow to stir the water body, and continue to inflate for 2.0h;

[0035] D. If the parent ginseng is found to be producing sperm or laying eggs, it should be caught immediately. All male ginsengs producing sperm should be placed in a separate sperm-producing bucket, and all female ginsengs laying eggs should be placed in a separate egg-laying bucket. At the same time, an air chamber with a density of 1m 2 / , set the aeration intensity to a bubble movement speed of 25cm / s on the water surface, and continuously aerate the water for 2.0h to continuously stimulate spawning and sperm production; in this step, a total of 20 sperm-producing male ginsengs and 19 egg-laying female ginsengs were found;

[0036] E. Perform wet artificial insemination on sperm and eggs. Generally, male ginseng produces sufficient sperm, and the sperm concentration is much higher than that of eggs. Performing wet artificial insemination on sperm and eggs at a volume ratio of 1:100 can effectively avoid polyspermy and obtain a higher proportion of high-quality fertilized eggs. The density of fertilized eggs can be adjusted to about 1 million per ton of seawater for subsequent hatching.

[0037] After the operation of Example 2 of the present invention, the fertilized eggs were dispersed into 5 14-ton hatching pools for hatching. Sampling statistics showed that there were about 67.2 million fertilized eggs (the density of fertilized eggs in the last hatching pool was about 500,000 eggs / ton), and the average egg-laying capacity of female ginseng was 3.5368 million eggs / head, which provided a good foundation for subsequent large-scale cultivation.

[0038] Comparative Example 1

[0039] A. In August 2022, 40 wild sea cucumbers with a body length of more than 20 cm were collected from the seabed of the natural sea area of ​​Shenzhen, Guangdong as the prepared ginseng population. The gender of the ginseng could not be determined at this time;

[0040] B. Rinse the ginseng and place it in a spawning bucket, then add seawater to a depth of 1.0m;

[0041] C. When the ginseng climbs above the water surface, place an air chamber in the bucket with a density of 2m 2 / , set the inflation intensity to a water bubble moving speed of 50cm / s, form a stable water flow to stir the water body, and continue inflation for 2.0h.

[0042] Comparative Example 2

[0043] A. In August 2022, 40 wild sea cucumbers with a body length of more than 20 cm were collected from the seabed of the natural sea area of ​​Shenzhen, Guangdong as the prepared ginseng population. The gender of the ginseng could not be determined at this time;

[0044] B. Rinse the ginseng and place it in a spawning bucket, then add seawater to a depth of 1.0m;

[0045] C. When the ginseng climbs above the water surface, place an air chamber in the bucket with a density of 1m 2 / , set the inflation intensity to a bubble movement speed of 5 cm / s on the water surface, form a stable water flow to stir the water body, and continue inflation for 2.0 hours;

[0046] The number of fertilized and spawned sea cucumbers, the total spawning amount and the average spawning amount of the above two embodiments and two comparative embodiments were statistically analyzed and compared with the public data (Comparative Document 1, a method for improving the spawning efficiency of sea cucumbers by continuous stimulation, CN109220913A, Example 1). The results are shown in Table 1.

[0047]

[0048] The two embodiments and two comparative embodiments of the present invention are compared with the public data (comparative document 1, a method for improving the spawning efficiency of sea cucumbers by continuous stimulation, CN109220913A), and the results are shown in Table 1: the average egg-laying amount of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 of the present invention reaches 3 million and 3.5368 million eggs per head respectively, and the induction efficiency is much greater than that of comparative document 1 (1.4583 million eggs per head); no spawning and sperm-ejaculating individuals were found in comparative embodiments 1 and 2, among which comparative embodiment 1 cannot produce sufficient stimulation to the parent sea cucumber due to the too low aeration intensity of the water body, and comparative embodiment 2 scares the parent sea cucumber due to the excessive aeration intensity; it shows that the operating steps of the present invention for continuously aerating the water body through the air chamber can significantly stimulate the parent sea cucumber to spawn and ejaculate, and the egg-laying amount is significantly improved. In addition, the operating method of the present invention is simple, time-saving, does not require long-term manual surveillance, greatly saves labor costs, and has significant differences and innovative features compared with the existing methods.

Claims

1. A method for stimulating tropical sea cucumbers to spawn and ejaculate by continuously aerating water, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A. From June to September, collect wild tropical sea cucumbers; B. Rinse the ginseng and put it into the spawning bucket, add seawater; C. When the ginseng climbs above the water surface, place an air chamber in the bucket to continuously aerate the water, forming a stable water flow to stir the water; D. If the parent ginseng is found to be producing sperm or laying eggs, it shall be immediately caught. All the male ginsengs producing sperm shall be placed in a separate sperm-producing bucket, and all the female ginsengs laying eggs shall be placed in a separate egg-laying bucket. At the same time, an air chamber shall be placed in the bucket to continuously aerate the water body and continuously stimulate the production of eggs and sperm; The air chamber placement standard described in steps C and D is 1.0 to 2.0 m 2 / indivual; The time for continuous aeration of the water body described in steps C and D is 1.0 to 2.5 hours; The air chamber intensity of the continuous aeration treatment of the water body described in steps C and D is a water surface bubble movement speed of 20 to 30 cm / s.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The sea cucumber is a sea cucumber of jade foot.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The seawater is added in step B to a water depth of 0.7 to 1.2 m.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: After spawning and sperm production, the sperm and eggs are wet-inseminated artificially, and the density of fertilized eggs is adjusted to 500,000 to 1,000,000 per ton of seawater for subsequent hatching.

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