Bin coverage analysis method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a bin coverage analysis method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a plurality of insufficient coverage data subsets from full coverage dataset data and insufficient coverage model data; performing pre-stack migration processing on the full coverage dataset data and the plurality of insufficient coverage data subsets respectively to obtain pre-stack migration result data; performing stacking processing on the pre-stack migration result data respectively to obtain post-stack single-channel data; performing cross-correlation processing on the post-stack single-channel data corresponding to the full coverage dataset data and the plurality of insufficient coverage data subsets respectively in time window data to obtain correlation coefficient spectrum data; and determining whether the correlation coefficient result corresponding to the insufficient coverage model satisfies a specified correlation coefficient condition to form an acceptable threshold of insufficient coverage. The method can consider the differentiation of different bin energies in the analysis process and is applied to the quality control process in the three-dimensional streamer seismic data acquisition stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geophysical exploration technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, electronic device, and readable storage medium for surface cover analysis. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid pace of social development, the targets of marine seismic exploration are becoming increasingly complex. In the process of marine seismic exploration, 3D towed cable seismic acquisition cover analysis can predict the quality of migration imaging. Therefore, improving the accuracy of evaluating the quality of element coverage is particularly important during the quality control process of 3D towed cable seismic data acquisition.

[0003] In existing technologies, the analysis method based on seismic Fresnel zones adds the geological target layer depth, velocity, and dominant frequency attributes as references to the analysis method based on shot-receiver distance. The insufficient allowable surface coverage is constrained by several parameters, and the results obtained are more accurate than the analysis method based on shot-receiver distance.

[0004] However, the shortcoming of the analysis method based on seismic wave Fresnel zones is that it ignores the energy differences within the seismic wave Fresnel zones. It applies the same treatment principle to all surface elements within the seismic wave Fresnel zones without taking into account the energy differences between different surface elements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present invention are proposed to provide a method, apparatus, electronic device and readable storage medium for surface coverage analysis that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for analyzing surface cover is provided, the method comprising:

[0007] Pre-acquire full-coverage dataset data and corresponding time window data for the target area;

[0008] Based on the full coverage dataset, several under-coverage subsets of data are obtained using the under-coverage model data.

[0009] Based on the full-coverage dataset and the several under-coverage subsets of data, pre-stack offset processing is performed to obtain first pre-stack offset result data and several second pre-stack offset result data.

[0010] Based on the first pre-stack offset result data and the plurality of second pre-stack offset result data, superposition processing is performed respectively to obtain the first post-stack single-channel data and the plurality of second post-stack single-channel data.

[0011] The first stacked single-channel data and the plurality of second stacked single-channel data are cross-correlated in the time window data to obtain correlation coefficient spectrum data, wherein the correlation coefficient spectrum data is obtained from a plurality of correlation coefficient data;

[0012] According to the pre-set correlation coefficient conditions, it is determined whether the correlation result data obtained from the undercoverage model data in the correlation coefficient spectrum data meets the correlation coefficient conditions. Several undercoverage models corresponding to the smallest correlation coefficient result that meets the correlation coefficient conditions jointly form the acceptable threshold for undercoverage. The acceptable threshold is applied in actual production to determine whether the encountered undercoverage situation is acceptable.

[0013] Optionally, the step of pre-acquiring full-coverage dataset data and corresponding time window data for the target area includes:

[0014] The actual seismic data collected in the target area will be used as the full-coverage dataset.

[0015] The time window data is determined based on the corresponding geological target strata within the target area.

[0016] Optionally, the step of obtaining several under-covered data subsets based on the full-coverage dataset and the under-coverage model data includes:

[0017] After obtaining the actual seismic data collected in the target area, the dataset data in the area with an offset aperture greater than that of the target area is taken and grouped by shot-receiver distance to obtain seismic trace data grouped by shot-receiver distance.

[0018] For the seismic trace data of each shot-receiver offset group, the degree of insufficient coverage of the surface cells is quantified according to three dimensions: the number of surface cells along the survey line direction, the number of surface cells perpendicular to the survey line direction, and the percentage of actual coverage times relative to the total coverage times. By removing continuous shot-receiver offset seismic trace data of different ranges from the seismic trace data grouped by shot-receiver offset, several subsets of data with insufficient coverage percentages are obtained.

[0019] Optionally, the pre-stack offset processing includes:

[0020] During the pre-stack migration process, the offset aperture is optimized at the input end of the pre-stack migration, and the center element of the spatial range where the insufficiently covered data subset is located is selected as the output element at the output end of the pre-stack migration.

[0021] Optionally, the step of performing cross-correlation processing on the first post-stack single-channel data and the plurality of second post-stack single-channel data in the time window data to obtain correlation coefficient spectrum data includes:

[0022] Using the first post-stack single-channel data as reference channel data, cross-correlation processing is performed on the several second post-stack single-channel data in the time window data to obtain the correlation coefficient spectrum data of the data subsets with insufficient coverage of different coverage percentages and the data of the full coverage dataset.

[0023] Optionally, the acceptable threshold is applied in actual production to determine whether the encountered insufficient coverage situation is acceptable, including:

[0024] Different combinations of the number of face cells along the survey line direction and the number of face cells perpendicular to the survey line direction are used to form moving average windows of different sizes. The number of face cell coverages in the insufficient coverage area encountered in actual production is then averaged to obtain the equivalent number of face cells in the insufficient coverage area.

[0025] If the percentage of the equivalent coverage count of each element in the under-covered area relative to the full coverage count is greater than the percentage of the coverage count corresponding to the acceptable threshold of the moving average window, then the under-covered area does not require additional data collection to compensate.

[0026] If the ratio of the equivalent coverage count to the total coverage count of at least one surface element in the under-covered area is less than the percentage of coverage count corresponding to the acceptable threshold of the moving average window, then the under-covered area needs to be compensated for with the additional data collection workload.

[0027] According to a second aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for surface cover analysis is provided, the apparatus comprising:

[0028] The acquisition module is used to pre-acquire full-coverage dataset data and corresponding time window data for the target area;

[0029] The model module is used to obtain several under-covered data subsets based on the full-coverage dataset and the under-coverage model data.

[0030] The pre-stack offset module is used to perform pre-stack offset processing on the full-coverage dataset and the several under-coverage subsets of data respectively, to obtain the first pre-stack offset result data and several second pre-stack offset result data;

[0031] The overlay module is used to perform overlay processing on the first pre-stack offset result data and the plurality of second pre-stack offset result data respectively to obtain the first post-stack single-channel data and the plurality of second post-stack single-channel data.

[0032] The cross-correlation module is used to perform cross-correlation processing on the first post-stack single-channel data and the plurality of second post-stack single-channel data in the time window data to obtain correlation coefficient spectrum data, wherein the correlation coefficient spectrum data is obtained from a plurality of correlation coefficient data;

[0033] The judgment module is used to determine whether the correlation result data obtained from the undercoverage model data in the correlation coefficient spectrum data meets the correlation coefficient conditions according to the pre-set correlation coefficient conditions. The undercoverage models corresponding to the smallest correlation coefficient result that meets the correlation coefficient conditions together form the acceptable threshold for undercoverage. The acceptable threshold is applied in actual production to determine whether the encountered undercoverage situation is acceptable.

[0034] Optionally, the determination module includes:

[0035] The application module is used to form moving average windows of different sizes using different combinations of the number of facets along the survey line direction and the number of facets perpendicular to the survey line direction. These windows are then used to perform moving averages on the coverage counts of facets in under-covered areas encountered in actual production, obtaining the equivalent coverage count for each facet in the under-covered area. If the percentage of the equivalent coverage count relative to the total coverage count for each facet in the under-covered area is greater than the percentage of coverage count corresponding to the acceptable threshold for the moving average window, then the under-covered area does not require additional data acquisition. If the ratio of the equivalent coverage count to the total coverage count for at least one facet in the under-covered area is less than the percentage of coverage count corresponding to the acceptable threshold for the moving average window, then the under-covered area requires additional data acquisition.

[0036] According to a third aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, characterized in that it includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus;

[0037] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0038] A processor is used to execute programs stored in memory.

[0039] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a readable storage medium is provided on which a computer program is stored.

[0040] This invention provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, and readable storage medium for area coverage analysis. The method involves: acquiring a full coverage dataset and corresponding time window data for a target area beforehand; using the full coverage dataset and coverage insufficiency model data to obtain several coverage insufficiency subsets; performing pre-stack migration processing on the full coverage dataset and the coverage insufficiency subsets to obtain a first pre-stack migration result and several second pre-stack migration result data; and performing overlay processing on the first pre-stack migration result data and the several second pre-stack migration result data to obtain a first post-stack single-track data and several second post-stack single-track data. Single-channel data; the first post-stack single-channel data and several second post-stack single-channel data are cross-correlated in the time window data to obtain correlation coefficient spectrum data, wherein the correlation coefficient spectrum data is obtained from several correlation coefficient data; according to the pre-set correlation coefficient conditions, it is determined whether the correlation result data obtained from the coverage insufficiency model data in the correlation coefficient spectrum data meets the correlation coefficient conditions. Several coverage insufficiency models corresponding to the smallest correlation coefficient result that meets the correlation coefficient conditions jointly form the acceptable threshold for coverage insufficiency, wherein the acceptable threshold is applied in actual production to determine whether the encountered coverage insufficiency situation is acceptable. Since the original intention of 3D towed seismic acquisition coverage analysis is to predict the quality of migration imaging under certain coverage insufficiency, pre-stack migration is the most direct and fundamental method to achieve this prediction. The pre-stack migration process itself covers the multi-attribute constraints in existing methods. Therefore, this application realizes the consideration of the differences in energy of different surface elements in the surface element coverage analysis process. Furthermore, this application can reveal and quantify surface element coverage insufficiency that does not significantly impair the quality of seismic imaging, as a decision reference for compensating for insufficiency. By optimizing the offset aperture at the input end of the pre-stack offset and selecting only the center element of the input data as the sole output element at the output end, the computational load can be controlled, thereby improving the efficiency of the pre-stack offset. Therefore, this invention provides a quantitative process with higher accuracy than existing technologies.

[0041] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and in order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a surface element coverage analysis method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a surface element coverage analysis method provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of a surface element coverage analysis device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a device block diagram of the judgment module S306 in a surface element coverage analysis device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of a surface element coverage analysis method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0048] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the invention and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0049] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0050] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, of the seat ventilation and heating method, apparatus, storage medium, and vehicle provided in this application, through specific embodiments and application scenarios, will be provided in detail.

[0051] The first embodiment of the present invention relates to a surface element coverage analysis method, the flowchart of which is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0052] Step S101: Pre-acquire the full coverage dataset data and corresponding time window data of the target area.

[0053] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the acceptable number of coverage times was unknown before the application of the technical solution of this application. Within a certain three-dimensional towed cable work area, seismic data with good coverage was collected for experimental analysis. The actually collected seismic data was denoised, and the denoised seismic data was used as the full coverage dataset, i.e., the area coverage percentage was 100%. The full coverage dataset can also be obtained from synthetic data based on geological models. The relevant calculation time window was determined based on the geological target stratigraphic level obtained from previous surveys and explorations.

[0054] Step S102: Based on the full coverage dataset, several under-coverage data subsets are obtained using the under-coverage model data.

[0055] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, insufficient coverage refers to the reduction in the actual number of coverages relative to the ideal number of coverages (i.e., the number of full coverages in this embodiment). The simulated insufficiency of surface coverage is quantified from three dimensions: the range along the survey line direction, the range perpendicular to the survey line direction, and the percentage of actual coverages relative to full coverage. That is, different combinations of three parameters—the longitudinal and lateral scales of the insufficient area and the percentage of coverage within that range—are used to describe the degree of insufficiency. After obtaining the denoised seismic data or the synthetic data based on the geological model, a dataset from an area larger than the offset aperture (the offset aperture can be obtained by referring to previous survey and exploration results or by analyzing the full coverage data) is grouped by shot-receiver offset. This means that the dataset is grouped according to the shot-receiver offset of each trace. The surface coverage insufficiency model is applied to the data obtained from the shot-receiver offset grouping. By discarding a certain number of consecutive shot-receiver offset traces, several subsets of data with different degrees of surface coverage insufficiency are constructed.

[0056] Step S103: Based on the full-coverage dataset and the several under-coverage subsets of data, pre-stack offset processing is performed to obtain the first pre-stack offset result data and several second pre-stack offset result data.

[0057] Step S104: Based on the first pre-stack offset result data and the plurality of second pre-stack offset result data, perform superposition processing respectively to obtain the first post-stack single-channel data and the plurality of second post-stack single-channel data.

[0058] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the pre-stack offset results obtained from the pre-stack offset of the full-coverage dataset in step S103 are superimposed, and the resulting post-stack single trace is used as a reference trace, that is, the coverage percentage of this post-stack single trace is considered to be 100% for all surface elements. The offset results of all data subsets with different degrees of surface element coverage in step S103 are superimposed to obtain several post-stack single traces, that is, any combination of the three variables of surface element coverage insufficiency along the survey line direction, vertical survey line direction, and coverage percentage corresponds to a post-stack single trace.

[0059] Step S105: The first post-stack single-channel data and the plurality of second post-stack single-channel data are cross-correlated in the time window data to obtain correlation coefficient spectrum data, wherein the correlation coefficient spectrum data is obtained from the plurality of correlation coefficient result data.

[0060] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, cross-correlation calculations are performed on the data within a certain time window before and after the geological target stratum corresponding to the post-stack single trace of the full-coverage dataset and the post-stack single trace of the dataset with different degrees of insufficient surface coverage, to obtain the correlation coefficient results between all the data with different degrees of insufficient surface coverage and the full-coverage data. These results together form a correlation coefficient spectrum.

[0061] Step S106: According to the pre-set correlation coefficient conditions, determine whether the correlation result data obtained from the undercoverage model data in the correlation coefficient spectrum data meets the correlation coefficient conditions. The undercoverage models corresponding to the smallest correlation coefficient result that meets the correlation coefficient conditions together form the acceptable threshold for undercoverage. The acceptable threshold is applied in actual production to determine whether the encountered undercoverage situation is acceptable.

[0062] It should be noted that in this embodiment of the invention, a correlation coefficient condition is pre-specified, and all acceptable coverage deficiencies can be identified from the correlation coefficient spectrum obtained in step S105. In the correlation coefficient spectrum, for any combination of the number of facets along the survey line and the number of facets perpendicular to the survey line, there exists a critical percentage of coverage. When the coverage percentage is greater than this critical value, the correlation coefficient result satisfies the correlation coefficient condition, and the corresponding coverage deficiency is acceptable; when the coverage percentage is less than this critical value, the correlation coefficient result does not satisfy the correlation coefficient condition, and the corresponding coverage deficiency is unacceptable. Thus, a series of coverage deficiency regions of different sizes along the survey line and perpendicular to the survey line, along with the critical percentage of coverage, can be obtained as a threshold for examining: what percentage z of coverage should a coverage deficiency region with x facets along the survey line and y facets perpendicular to the survey line receive to ensure that the pre-stack migration result satisfies the correlation coefficient condition?

[0063] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, step S106 may also include the following steps.

[0064] Step S1061: Using different combinations of the number of surface elements along the survey line direction and the number of surface elements perpendicular to the survey line direction, different sizes of moving average windows are formed. The number of times the surface elements are covered in the insufficient coverage area encountered in actual production is moved averaged to obtain the equivalent number of times each surface element in the insufficient coverage area is covered.

[0065] Step S1062: If the percentage of the equivalent coverage count of each element in the insufficient coverage area relative to the full coverage count is greater than the percentage of the coverage count corresponding to the acceptable threshold of the sliding average window, then the insufficient coverage area does not require additional data collection to compensate.

[0066] Step S1063: If the ratio of the equivalent coverage count to the full coverage count of at least one surface cell in the insufficient coverage area is less than the percentage of coverage count corresponding to the acceptable threshold of the sliding average window, then the insufficient coverage area needs to be compensated for with the additional data collection workload.

[0067] It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the application, when a situation of insufficient coverage is identified in actual production, an equivalent insufficient coverage model is found, and the threshold obtained in step S106 is used to determine whether the insufficient coverage model is acceptable, and then to determine whether the equivalent insufficient coverage situation is acceptable. Specifically, the principle for identifying the scope and intensity of insufficient coverage is to take all continuous non-full coverage areas and the average number of coverages within that scope. In this way, several insufficient coverage area ranges (x, y combinations) of different sizes can be used to perform a moving average on the coverage map obtained from the construction. Furthermore, the coverage counts in the area of ​​x facets along the survey line and y facets perpendicular to the survey line are averaged, and the result is used as the equivalent coverage count of the center facet of the area. Finally, for any (x, y) combination, each facet will obtain an equivalent coverage count.

[0068] If the percentage z of the equivalent coverage count relative to the full coverage count is greater than or equal to the critical coverage percentage, then the corresponding area cells do not require additional acquisition effort. For example, Figure 5 The image shows three 7x8 facet grids, where the numbers in the grid indicate the number of times each facet is covered. Figure 5 'a' is a full-coverage meta-model with a coverage count of 10. Figure 5 b is a coverage-deficient cell model, corresponding to a coverage deficiency case with 5 cells along the survey line, 6 cells perpendicular to the survey line, and a coverage percentage of 0.6. Figure 5 c represents a hypothetical insufficient coverage encountered in actual production. The average number of coverage occurrences within the dashed box is 6, corresponding to a coverage percentage of 0.6%. Therefore, in the application of this invention, [the following can be considered]: Figure 5 Case c is equivalent to Figure 5 b.

[0069] If the percentage z of the equivalent coverage count relative to the full coverage count is less than the critical coverage percentage, then the corresponding area cell needs to be compensated for with additional acquisition work.

[0070] This invention provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, and readable storage medium for surface coverage analysis. The method involves: acquiring full coverage dataset data and corresponding time window data for a target area beforehand; using the full coverage dataset data and coverage insufficiency model data to obtain several coverage insufficiency data subsets; performing pre-stack migration processing on the full coverage dataset data and the several coverage insufficiency data subsets to obtain first pre-stack migration result data and several second pre-stack migration result data; performing overlay processing on the first pre-stack migration result data and the several second pre-stack migration result data to obtain first post-stack single-track data and several second post-stack single-track data; and then overlaying the first post-stack single-track data with... The several second-stack single-channel data are cross-correlated within the time window data to obtain several correlation result data, which together form a correlation coefficient spectrum. According to pre-set correlation coefficient conditions, it is determined whether the correlation result data obtained from the insufficient coverage model data in the correlation coefficient spectrum meets the correlation coefficient conditions. The critical cases of the insufficient coverage model corresponding to the correlation coefficient results that meet the correlation coefficient conditions constitute the acceptable threshold for insufficient coverage. A moving average method is used to find an insufficient coverage model equivalent to the insufficient coverage situation encountered in actual production. The acceptable threshold is used to determine whether the equivalent insufficient coverage model is acceptable, and thus whether the actual insufficient coverage situation is acceptable. The above process should be implemented separately in different shot-receiver offset groups. This application is driven by actually acquired seismic data. The energy for transfer and repositioning comes from all surface elements within the migration aperture. Through the pre-stack migration process, the surface element at the center of the aperture range receives energy contributions from all other surface elements within its range. The potential differences in contributions between surface elements are implicit in the data itself. If based on the idea of ​​the Fresnel zone method, to obtain the total energy contribution, the contribution of each individual element must first be calculated. Theoretical studies show that such forward calculation is almost impossible, which is why the seismic wave Fresnel zone method abandons the consideration of energy differences. This application solves this problem well. After the calibration of acceptable undercover elements in the correlation coefficient spectrum is completed, the three variables of undercover elements—the range along the survey line, the range perpendicular to the survey line, and the coverage percentage—can constrain each other. A larger range requires a higher coverage percentage, and a smaller width (perpendicular to the survey line) allows for a larger length (along the survey line). Existing methods, represented by the seismic wave Fresnel zone element coverage analysis method, usually only consider the energy compensation effect of neighboring elements in the perpendicular direction to the survey line on undercover elements during the migration process. This application directly uses the pre-stack migration process as the analysis tool, and the energy transfer and compensation effect is comprehensive, not just limited to the perpendicular direction to the survey line.Corresponding to the method described in this invention, existing methods only consider the case where the length is 1. This is not only theoretically inappropriate, but also requires further evaluation of the length in practical applications. More seriously, the evaluation of the length in this case often relies entirely on experience without any numerical analysis as support. This application is mainly used in the quality control process during the three-dimensional towed seismic data acquisition stage, thus improving implementation efficiency and effectively controlling the pre-stack migration calculation workload. Furthermore, when the migration aperture is optimized and only single-face element output is performed, the timeliness of the method is also well guaranteed.

[0071] The second embodiment of the present invention relates to a surface element coverage analysis device, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes:

[0072] The acquisition module S301 is used to pre-acquire the full coverage dataset data and corresponding time window data of the target area;

[0073] Model module S302 is used to obtain several under-covered data subsets based on the full-coverage dataset data and the under-coverage model data.

[0074] The pre-stack offset module S303 is used to perform pre-stack offset processing on the full-coverage dataset and the several under-coverage subsets of data respectively to obtain first pre-stack offset result data and several second pre-stack offset result data.

[0075] The overlay module S304 is used to perform overlay processing on the first pre-stack offset result data and the plurality of second pre-stack offset result data respectively to obtain the first post-stack single-channel data and the plurality of second post-stack single-channel data.

[0076] The cross-correlation module S305 is used to perform cross-correlation processing on the first post-stack single-channel data and the plurality of second post-stack single-channel data in the time window data to obtain correlation coefficient spectrum data, wherein the correlation coefficient spectrum data is obtained from a plurality of correlation coefficient data;

[0077] The judgment module S306 is used to determine whether the correlation result data obtained from the undercoverage model data in the correlation coefficient spectrum data meets the correlation coefficient conditions according to the preset correlation coefficient conditions. The undercoverage models corresponding to the smallest correlation coefficient result that meets the correlation coefficient conditions together form the acceptable threshold for undercoverage. The acceptable threshold is applied in actual production to determine whether the encountered undercoverage situation is acceptable.

[0078] Optionally, such as Figure 4 As shown, the judgment module S306 also includes:

[0079] Application module S3061 is used to form moving average windows of different sizes using different combinations of the number of facets along the survey line direction and the number of facets perpendicular to the survey line direction. These windows are used to perform moving averages on the number of facets covered in insufficient coverage areas encountered in actual production, obtaining the equivalent number of facets covered in the insufficient coverage area. If the percentage of the equivalent number of facets covered in the insufficient coverage area relative to the total number of facets covered is greater than the percentage of the number of facets covered by the moving average window at the acceptable threshold, then the insufficient coverage area does not require additional data acquisition. If the ratio of the equivalent number of facets covered to the total number of facets covered in the insufficient coverage area is less than the percentage of the number of facets covered by the moving average window at the acceptable threshold, then the insufficient coverage area requires additional data acquisition.

[0080] This invention provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, and readable storage medium for surface coverage analysis. The method involves: acquiring full coverage dataset data and corresponding time window data for a target area in advance; using the full coverage dataset data and coverage insufficiency model data to obtain several coverage insufficiency data subsets; performing pre-stack migration processing on the full coverage dataset data and the several coverage insufficiency data subsets to obtain first pre-stack migration result data and several second pre-stack migration result data; and performing overlay processing on the first pre-stack migration result data and the several second pre-stack migration result data to obtain first post-stack single-track data and several second post-stack single-track data. The first post-stack single-channel data and several second post-stack single-channel data are cross-correlated within the time window data to obtain several correlation result data, which together form a correlation coefficient spectrum. According to pre-set correlation coefficient conditions, it is determined whether the correlation result data obtained from the coverage deficiency model in the correlation coefficient spectrum meets the conditions. Coverage deficiency models that meet the conditions form an acceptable threshold for coverage deficiency. A moving average method is used to find a coverage deficiency model equivalent to the coverage deficiency situation encountered in actual production. The acceptable threshold is used to determine whether the equivalent coverage deficiency model is acceptable, and thus whether the actual coverage deficiency situation is acceptable. Since the initial purpose of 3D towed seismic acquisition coverage analysis is to predict the quality of migration imaging under certain coverage deficiency conditions, pre-stack migration is the most direct and fundamental method to achieve this prediction. The pre-stack migration process itself encompasses the multi-attribute constraints of existing methods. Therefore, this application considers the differences in energy of different surface elements during the surface element coverage analysis process. Furthermore, this application can reveal and quantify surface element coverage deficiencies that do not significantly impair seismic imaging quality, serving as a decision-making reference for compensating for deficiencies. By optimizing the offset aperture at the input end of the pre-stack offset and selecting only the center element of the input data as the sole output element at the output end, the computational load can be controlled, thereby improving the efficiency of the pre-stack offset. Therefore, this invention provides a quantitative process with higher accuracy than existing technologies.

[0081] As the device embodiment is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and relevant parts can be found in the description of the method embodiment.

[0082] Those skilled in the art will understand that modules in the device of the embodiments can be adaptively changed and placed in one or more devices different from that embodiment. Modules, units, or components in the embodiments can be combined into a single module, unit, or component, and further, they can be divided into multiple sub-modules, sub-units, or sub-components. Except where at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive, any combination can be used to combine all features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) and all processes or units of any method or device so disclosed. Unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by an alternative feature that serves the same, equivalent, or similar purpose.

[0083] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features but not others included in other embodiments, combinations of features from different embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

[0084] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative of the invention and not restrictive, and that those skilled in the art can devise alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses should not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc., does not indicate any order. These words can be interpreted as names.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing surface cover, characterized in that, The method includes: Pre-acquire full-coverage dataset data and corresponding time window data for the target area; Based on the full coverage dataset, several under-coverage subsets of data are obtained using the under-coverage model data. Based on the full-coverage dataset and the several under-coverage subsets of data, pre-stack offset processing is performed to obtain first pre-stack offset result data and several second pre-stack offset result data. Based on the first pre-stack offset result data and the plurality of second pre-stack offset result data, superposition processing is performed respectively to obtain the first post-stack single-channel data and the plurality of second post-stack single-channel data. The first stacked single-channel data and the plurality of second stacked single-channel data are cross-correlated in the time window data to obtain correlation coefficient spectrum data, wherein the correlation coefficient spectrum data is obtained from a plurality of correlation coefficient data; According to the pre-set correlation coefficient conditions, it is determined whether the correlation result data obtained from the undercoverage model data in the correlation coefficient spectrum data meets the correlation coefficient conditions. Several undercoverage models corresponding to the smallest correlation coefficient result that meets the correlation coefficient conditions jointly form the acceptable threshold for undercoverage. The acceptable threshold is applied in actual production to determine whether the encountered undercoverage situation is acceptable.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-acquisition of full-coverage dataset data and corresponding time window data for the target area includes: The actual seismic data collected in the target area will be used as the full-coverage dataset. The time window data is determined based on the corresponding geological target strata within the target area.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves using the under-coverage model data, based on the full-coverage dataset, to obtain several under-coverage data subsets, including: After acquiring the actual seismic data collected in the target area, the dataset data within the offset aperture range of the target area is taken and grouped by shot-receiver distance to obtain seismic trace data grouped by shot-receiver distance. For the seismic trace data of each shot-receiver offset group, the degree of insufficient coverage of the surface cells is quantified according to three dimensions: the number of surface cells along the survey line direction, the number of surface cells perpendicular to the survey line direction, and the percentage of actual coverage times relative to the total coverage times. By removing continuous shot-receiver offset seismic trace data of different ranges from the seismic trace data grouped by shot-receiver offset, several subsets of data with insufficient coverage percentages are obtained.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-stack offset processing includes: During the pre-stack migration process, the offset aperture is optimized at the input end of the pre-stack migration, and the center element of the spatial range where the insufficiently covered data subset is located is selected as the output element at the output end of the pre-stack migration.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of cross-correlation processing of the first post-stack single-channel data with the plurality of second post-stack single-channel data in the time window data to obtain correlation coefficient spectrum data includes: Using the first post-stack single-channel data as reference channel data, cross-correlation processing is performed on the time window data with the several second post-stack single-channel data respectively to obtain the correlation coefficient spectrum data of the data subsets with insufficient coverage of the surface cells of different coverage percentages and the data of the full coverage dataset.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acceptable threshold is applied in actual production to determine whether the encountered insufficient coverage situation is acceptable, including: Different sizes of moving average windows are formed by different combinations of the number of surface elements along the survey line direction and the number of surface elements perpendicular to the survey line direction. The number of surface element coverages in the insufficient coverage area encountered in actual production is moved averaged to obtain the equivalent number of surface elements in the insufficient coverage area. If the percentage of the equivalent coverage count of each element in the under-covered area relative to the full coverage count is greater than the percentage of the coverage count corresponding to the acceptable threshold of the moving average window, then the under-covered area does not require additional data collection to compensate. If the ratio of the equivalent coverage count to the full coverage count of at least one element in the under-covered area is less than the percentage of coverage count corresponding to the acceptable threshold of the moving average window, then the under-covered area needs to be compensated for with the additional data collection workload.

7. An apparatus for surface element coverage analysis, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to pre-acquire full-coverage dataset data and corresponding time window data for the target area; The model module is used to obtain several under-covered data subsets based on the full-coverage dataset and the under-coverage model data. The pre-stack offset module is used to perform pre-stack offset processing on the full-coverage dataset and the several under-coverage subsets of data respectively, to obtain the first pre-stack offset result data and several second pre-stack offset result data. The overlay module is used to perform overlay processing on the first pre-stack offset result data and the plurality of second pre-stack offset result data respectively to obtain the first post-stack single-channel data and the plurality of second post-stack single-channel data. The cross-correlation module is used to perform cross-correlation processing on the first post-stack single-channel data and the plurality of second post-stack single-channel data in the time window data to obtain correlation coefficient spectrum data, wherein the correlation coefficient spectrum data is obtained from a plurality of correlation coefficient data; The judgment module is used to determine whether the correlation result data obtained from the undercoverage model data in the correlation coefficient spectrum data meets the correlation coefficient conditions according to the pre-set correlation coefficient conditions. The undercoverage models corresponding to the smallest correlation coefficient result that meets the correlation coefficient conditions together form the acceptable threshold for undercoverage. The acceptable threshold is applied in actual production to determine whether the encountered undercoverage situation is acceptable.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The judgment module includes: The application module is used to form moving average windows of different sizes using different combinations of the number of facets along the survey line direction and the number of facets perpendicular to the survey line direction. These windows are used to perform moving averages on the coverage counts of facets in under-covered areas encountered in actual production, obtaining the equivalent coverage count for each facet in the under-covered area. If the percentage of the equivalent coverage count relative to the total coverage count for each facet in the under-covered area is greater than the percentage of coverage count corresponding to the acceptable threshold of the moving average window, then the under-covered area does not require additional data acquisition. If the ratio of the equivalent coverage count to the total coverage count for at least one facet in the under-covered area is less than the percentage of coverage count corresponding to the acceptable threshold of the moving average window, then the under-covered area requires additional data acquisition.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus; Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, when executing a program stored in memory, implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the surface cover analysis method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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