Electronic device

Abstract

An electronic device includes a viewing angle control structure. The viewing angle control structure includes a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite the first substrate, a tuning dielectric layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first alignment layer disposed between the first substrate and the tuning dielectric layer, and a second alignment layer disposed between the second substrate and the tuning dielectric layer. One of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer is horizontally aligned, and the other of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer is vertically aligned.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The application field of electronic devices is more and more extensive and popular. In some use scenarios, electronic devices have the need for privacy protection, and therefore there is still room for improvement in electronic devices with privacy protection function. SUMMARY

[0003] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, an electronic device includes a viewing angle control structure. The viewing angle control structure includes a first substrate; a second substrate disposed opposite the first substrate; a regulating dielectric layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first alignment layer disposed between the first substrate and the regulating dielectric layer; and a second alignment layer disposed between the second substrate and the regulating dielectric layer. One of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer is horizontally aligned, and the other of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer is vertically aligned.

[0004] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, an electronic device includes a viewing angle control structure. The viewing angle control structure includes a first polarizer; a second polarizer disposed opposite the first polarizer; a regulating dielectric layer disposed between the first polarizer and the second polarizer; and a phase adjustment structure disposed between the first polarizer and the second polarizer. The phase retardation value Δnd of the regulating dielectric layer is Anm, the overall thickness direction phase difference value Rth of the phase adjustment structure is B nm, and A and B satisfy the following relationship: A*0.600-360≦B≦A*0.8667+220.

[0005] In order to make the above features and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious and easy to understand, the following specific embodiments are described in detail below, and the accompanying drawings are described as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0006] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0007] Figure 1 Partial schematic view of a viewing angle control structure in an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0008] Figure 2 Luminance viewing angle distribution diagram obtained by simulating examples of a plurality of viewing angle control structures;

[0009] Figure 3 Determination distribution diagram of a plurality of viewing angle control structures under different phase retardation values Δnd of a regulating dielectric layer and different overall thickness direction phase difference values Rth of a phase adjustment structure;

[0010] Figure 4 A graph showing the relationship between the transmittance (%) and the tilt angle (θ) of the different alignment conditions of the control dielectric layer when in a narrow viewing angle mode driving;

[0011] Figure 5 A graph showing the relationship between the transmittance T% and the phase retardation value Δnd of the different alignment conditions of the pre-tilt angle of the plurality of control dielectric layers;

[0012] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0013] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0014] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0015] Figures 9A to 9C A graph showing the luminance distribution of the control dielectric layer with different phase retardation values Δnd under a complex alignment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present disclosure can be understood with reference to the following detailed description and drawings in which, note that for the sake of brevity and clarity, identical components of the various drawings are described with the same reference characters. In addition, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present disclosure can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, and networks have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure aspects of the present disclosure.

[0017] Throughout this specification and the claims, certain terminology can be used for the sake of readability and recitation, which is intended to be in no way limiting. For example, the words "comprising," "including," "containing," and variations thereof, are intended to be equivalent to the term "including." Moreover, where a process or method is described, steps of the process or method can be performed in any order unless otherwise specifically limited, and are not necessarily performed sequentially or in any order.

[0018] In this document and in its claims, the verb "comprise" and its conjugations "comprising" and "comprises" are used in their inclusive sense, that is, to mean that the indicated action or actions are included, but not to the exclusion of any additional action or actions.

[0019] It should be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "on" or "connected to" another element or layer, it can be directly on or connected to the other element or layer, or intervening elements or layers can be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" or "directly connected to" another element or layer, there are no intervening elements or layers present. When an element or layer is referred to as being "electrically connected" to another element or layer, it can be directly electrically connected or indirectly electrically connected.

[0020] The terms "about," "equal," "equivalent," or "substantially" or "approximately" are generally interpreted as being within ±20% of a given value, or within ±10%, ±5%, ±3%, ±2%, ±1%, or ±0.5% of a given value.

[0021] Although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc. can be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. The terms "first," "second," "third," etc. are also used in the claims to distinguish elements with respect to each other. Thus, a first element in the description above can also be termed a second element in the claims.

[0022] The electrical connections or couplings described in the present disclosure can refer to direct connections or indirect connections. In the case of a direct connection, the terminals of the two circuit components are directly connected or connected to each other by a conductor segment. In the case of an indirect connection, there is a switch, a diode, a capacitor, an inductor, a resistor, other suitable components, or a combination of the above components between the terminals of the two circuit components, but not limited thereto.

[0023] In the present disclosure, the measurement methods of thickness, length, and width can be obtained by optical microscopy, and the thickness or width can be measured by cross-sectional images in an electron microscope, but are not limited thereto. In addition, there can be an error in any two values or directions used for comparison. In addition, the terms "equal," "equivalent," "substantially," or "approximately" mentioned in the present disclosure generally represent a range of 10% of a given value or range. In addition, the phrase "a given range is a first value to a second value" or "a given range falls within a range of a first value to a second value" means that the given range includes the first value, the second value, and other values therebetween. If a first direction is perpendicular to a second direction, the angle between the first direction and the second direction can be between 80 degrees and 100 degrees; if the first direction is parallel to the second direction, the angle between the first direction and the second direction can be between 0 degrees and 10 degrees.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. It will be understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the disclosure, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined in the disclosure.

[0025] In the present disclosure, the electronic device can include a display device, a sensing device, or a tiled device, but is not limited thereto. The electronic device can be a foldable or flexible electronic device. The display device can be a non-self-emissive display device or a self-emissive display device. The sensing device can be a sensing device that senses capacitance, light, thermal energy, or ultrasound, but is not limited thereto. In the present disclosure, the electronic elements can include passive elements and active elements, such as a capacitor, a resistor, an inductor, a diode, a transistor, etc. The diode can include a light-emitting diode or a photodiode. The light-emitting diode can include, for example, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), a mini LED, a micro LED, or a quantum dot LED, but is not limited thereto. In the present disclosure, the display panel can include a self-emissive or non-self-emissive panel. The self-emissive panel includes, for example, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), a mini LED, a micro LED, or a quantum dot LED, but is not limited thereto. The non-self-emissive panel includes, for example, a liquid crystal or other suitable material. It should be noted that the electronic device can be any arrangement combination of the foregoing, but is not limited thereto. Hereinafter, the display device will be used as the electronic device or the tiled device to illustrate the present disclosure, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0026] It should be noted that the technical solutions provided by different embodiments below can be used in combination or mixed to constitute another embodiment without violating the spirit of the present disclosure.

[0027] The electronic device of the present disclosure can provide the function of displaying a picture, and can specifically provide different display modes. For example, in one display mode, the electronic device of the present disclosure can display a picture in a wide viewing angle range, and in another display mode, the electronic device of the present disclosure can display a picture in a narrow viewing angle range. In this way, the electronic device can provide a privacy function or switch the display mode according to different use requirements.

[0028] Figure 1FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a viewing angle control structure in an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The viewing angle control structure 100 is disposed in an electronic device to control the viewing angle of the electronic device. The viewing angle control structure 100 can include a first substrate 110, a second substrate 120, a tuning dielectric layer 130, a first alignment layer 140, a second alignment layer 150, a first polarizer 160, and a second polarizer 170, but is not limited thereto. The second substrate 120 can be disposed relative to the first substrate 110. The tuning dielectric layer 130 is disposed between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. In some embodiments, the first alignment layer 140 can be disposed between the first substrate 110 and the tuning dielectric layer 130, and the second alignment layer 150 can be disposed between the second substrate 120 and the tuning dielectric layer 130. In some embodiments, the tuning dielectric layer 130 can be disposed between the first alignment layer 140 and the second alignment layer 150. In some embodiments, the first polarizer 160 can be disposed on a side of the first substrate 110 distal to the tuning dielectric layer 130, and the second polarizer 170 can be disposed on a side of the second substrate 120 distal to the tuning dielectric layer 130.

[0029] In some embodiments, the first substrate 110 and / or the second substrate 120 can include a transparent substrate. In some embodiments, the first substrate 110 and / or the second substrate 120 can include a rigid substrate or a flexible substrate. In some embodiments, the material of the first substrate 110 and / or the second substrate 120 can include a single layer structure of one of glass, quartz, polyimide (PI), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate, or other applicable material, or a stack or mixture of at least two of the above, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, at least one of the first substrate 110 and / or the second substrate 120 can have a thickness direction phase difference value (Rth). For example, the material of at least one of the first substrate 110 and / or the second substrate 120 can include polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, other similar material, or a combination thereof, and at least one of the first substrate 110 and / or the second substrate 120 can have a thickness direction phase difference value (Rth).

[0030] In some embodiments, the material of the tuning dielectric layer 130 can include liquid crystal, other material having light modulation properties, or a combination thereof. For example, the tuning dielectric layer 130 can have birefringence properties, and when the tuning dielectric layer 130 is driven under different electric fields, the molecules of the material in the tuning dielectric layer 130 can change the arrangement direction according to the different electric fields, thereby modulating the polarization state of the incident light. In some embodiments, the material of the tuning dielectric layer 130 can include liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal molecules can change the arrangement direction according to the different electric fields, thereby modulating the polarization state of the incident light. Figure 1 Although not shown, at least one of the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 can be provided with a driving electrode and / or a driving circuit.

[0031] In some embodiments, the first alignment layer 140 and the second alignment layer 150 can be respectively located on opposite sides of the control dielectric layer 130, and the first alignment layer 140 and the second alignment layer 150 can cause the control dielectric layer 130 to have a pre-tilt angle on both sides. In some embodiments, one of the first alignment layer 140 and the second alignment layer 150 can be a horizontal alignment, and the other of the first alignment layer 140 and the second alignment layer 150 can be a vertical alignment, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the first alignment layer 140 has a first alignment direction A140, and the second alignment layer 150 has a second alignment direction A150. In some embodiments, when the first alignment layer 140 is a horizontal alignment, the first alignment direction A140 can be substantially parallel to the surface of the first substrate 110 (e.g., the plane defined by the X-axis and the Y-axis). In some embodiments, when the second alignment layer 150 is a vertical alignment, the second alignment direction A150 can be substantially parallel to the normal direction of the second substrate 120 (e.g., the Z-axis). In other embodiments, the first alignment layer 140 can be a vertical alignment, and the second alignment layer 150 can have a horizontal alignment, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the first alignment layer 140 and the second alignment layer 150 can both be horizontal alignments, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0032] It is noted that the material of the control dielectric layer 130 can have a tilt angle (pre-tilt angle) with the adjacent alignment layer, for example, the angle between the material of the control dielectric layer 130 and the surface of the adjacent substrate. When the alignment layer is a horizontal alignment, the tilt angle (pre-tilt angle) is, for example, between 0 degrees and 30 degrees (0°≤ angle ≤ 30°), such as between 0 degrees and 15 degrees (0°≤ angle ≤ 15°) or between 0 degrees and 10 degrees (0°≤ angle ≤ 10°), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. When the alignment layer is a vertical alignment, the tilt angle (pre-tilt angle) is, for example, between 50 degrees and 90 degrees (50°≤ angle ≤ 90°), such as between 60 degrees and 90 degrees (60°≤ angle ≤ 90°) or between 70 degrees and 90 degrees (70°≤ angle ≤ 90°), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the first alignment layer 140 and the second alignment layer 150 can have different materials, or can have the same material but provide a composite alignment, which means that one of the first alignment layer 140 and the second alignment layer 150 can be a horizontal alignment, and the other can be a vertical alignment.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first substrate 110, the second substrate 120, the control dielectric layer 130, the first alignment layer 140, and the second alignment layer 150 may, for example, constitute a panel unit 180, but are not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the panel unit 180 may be disposed between the first polarizer 160 and the second polarizer 170. In some embodiments, the absorption axis direction of the first polarizer 160 may, for example, be substantially parallel to the absorption axis direction of the second polarizer 170, but are not limited thereto.

[0034] In some embodiments, a light DL can be provided, which may, for example, originate from the display structure (see below). Figure 7 (See the following instructions) or light source module (refer to the following instructions) Figure 8 (See description). The light DL can have a polarization state after passing through the first polarizer 160. Then, the light DL can sequentially pass through the panel unit 180 and the second polarizer 170. In some embodiments, the light path of the passing light can be changed by driving the panel unit 180 to adjust the transmittance after passing through the second polarizer 170, thereby adjusting the transmittance of the viewing angle control structure 100 at different viewing angles.

[0035] In some embodiments, the material molecules in the control dielectric layer 130 can change their arrangement according to the magnitude of the driven electric field, thereby controlling the optical path of the passing light DL, thereby switching between different modes such as narrow viewing angle mode or wide viewing angle mode.

[0036] In some embodiments, the view control structure 100 may include a phase adjustment structure ( Figure 1 (Not shown in the table below, but can be referred to for explanation) The phase adjustment structure can be set between the first polarizer 160 and the second polarizer 170.

[0037] For example, the following table lists the components of the view control structure in several embodiments:

[0038]

[0039] In the above table, the viewing angle control structure of Example 1 includes a first polarizer, a first substrate, a first alignment layer, a dielectric layer, a second alignment layer, a second substrate, a phase adjustment structure, and / or a second polarizer, which are sequentially stacked. The viewing angle control structure of Example 2 includes a first polarizer, a first substrate, a first alignment layer, a dielectric layer, a second alignment layer, a phase adjustment structure, a second substrate, and / or a second polarizer, which are sequentially stacked. The viewing angle control structure of Example 3 includes a first polarizer, a first substrate (which is part of the phase adjustment structure), a first alignment layer, a dielectric layer, a second alignment layer, a second substrate (which is part of the phase adjustment structure), and / or a second polarizer, which are sequentially stacked. In Example 3, the first substrate 110 and / or the second substrate 120 can have a retardation value (Rth) in the thickness direction, and thus the first substrate 110 and / or the second substrate 120 can be part of the phase adjustment structure. The viewing angle control structure of Example 4 includes a first polarizer, a phase adjustment structure, a first substrate, a first alignment layer, a dielectric layer, a second alignment layer, a second substrate, a phase adjustment structure, and / or a second polarizer, which are sequentially stacked. In the above table, the first polarizer 160, the first substrate 110, the first alignment layer 140, the dielectric layer 130, the second alignment layer 150, the second substrate 120, and the second polarizer 170 can be implemented as described in relation to Figure 1 In some embodiments, such as the viewing angle control structure of Example 3, at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate can have a retardation value in the thickness direction, and thus can be part of the phase adjustment structure. In some embodiments, the viewing angle control structure 100 can include other film layers or elements having phase delay properties, for example, and the first substrate 110 or the second substrate 120 can optionally have or not have a retardation value (Rth) in the thickness direction.

[0040] It is noted that the layers of the above embodiments are merely illustrative, and some layers can be removed or other layers can be inserted according to requirements. In some embodiments, the phase adjustment structure and the control dielectric layer 130 can be combined to adjust the display effect of the viewing angle control structure 100. Overall, the phase adjustment structure can be combined with the optical properties of the control dielectric layer 130 to provide the display effect required by the viewing angle control structure in different display modes (such as narrow viewing angle mode and wide viewing angle mode). In some embodiments, any component with a thickness direction phase difference value (Rth) between the first polarizer and the second polarizer can be considered as part of the phase adjustment structure, that is, the existing first substrate 110, the second substrate 120, or other additional phase retardation layers or elements can constitute the phase adjustment structure. In some embodiments, the viewing angle control structure can include multiple layers of components that can provide a thickness direction phase difference value. In other words, the phase adjustment structure includes multiple layers of structures, and these multiple layers of structures can be sequentially stacked with each other, or other layers can be further arranged between these multiple layers of structures to separate them from each other.

[0041] Figure 2 The luminance viewing angle distribution diagrams of the examples of the viewing angle control structures. Figure 2 The luminance viewing angle distribution diagrams can be obtained by measuring with a conoscopic lens, but are not limited thereto. For example, the luminance viewing angle distribution diagrams can be measured or analyzed using a Conoscope, a BM5A, a Conometer 80U, or other suitable instruments, but are not limited thereto. It is noted that the range or distribution of the luminance value (cd / m 2 ) per unit area of the viewing angle control structure is merely illustrative, but is not limited thereto.

[0042] In Figure 2 , the luminance viewing angle distribution diagrams of the example E1, the example E2, and the example E3 of the viewing angle control structure in the narrow viewing angle mode M1 and the wide viewing angle mode M2 are presented. The viewing angle control structures of the example E1, the example E2, and the example E3, for example, have the composite alignment described in the foregoing embodiments and are combined with different phase adjustment structures.

[0043] In the example E1, the phase retardation value Δnd of the control dielectric layer 130 is, for example, 1800 nm (nanometers), and the thickness direction phase difference value Rth of the phase adjustment structure as a whole is, for example, 710 nm (nanometers). In the example E2, the phase retardation value Δnd of the control dielectric layer 130 is, for example, 1800 nm (nanometers), and the thickness direction phase difference value Rth of the phase adjustment structure as a whole is, for example, 1150 nm (nanometers). In the example E3, the phase retardation value Δnd of the control dielectric layer 130 is, for example, 1800 nm (nanometers), and the thickness direction phase difference value Rth of the phase adjustment structure as a whole is 1800 nm (nanometers).

[0044] Depend on Figure 2 As can be seen, in example E1, under the narrow viewing angle mode M1, there are several obvious bright areas NG1 at the oblique viewing angle, and under the wide viewing angle mode M2, there are several obvious dark areas NG2 at the oblique viewing angle. Therefore, example E1 does not achieve the ideal switching effect between the narrow viewing angle mode M1 and the wide viewing angle mode M2. In example E3, under the narrow viewing angle mode M1, there are several obvious bright areas NG1 at the oblique viewing angle; therefore, example E3 does not achieve the ideal effect of the narrow viewing angle mode M1. In example E2, under the narrow viewing angle mode M1, there are no obvious bright areas NG1 at the oblique viewing angle, and under the wide viewing angle mode M2, there are no obvious dark areas NG2 at the oblique viewing angle. Therefore, example E2 achieves a better switching effect between the narrow viewing angle mode M1 and the wide viewing angle mode M2 ​​compared to examples E1 or E3. Figure 2 It is known that when the phase delay value Δnd of the dielectric layer 130 is fixed (e.g., 1800 nm, but not limited to this), the phase difference Rth in the thickness direction of the overall phase adjustment structure may affect the effect of narrow-view mode and wide-view mode. For example, when the phase delay value Δnd of the dielectric layer 130 is fixed, if the phase difference Rth in the thickness direction of the overall phase adjustment structure is too large or too small, it may lead to unsatisfactory switching effect between wide-view mode and narrow-view mode.

[0045] Figure 3 This is a distribution diagram showing the determination of control structures from multiple perspectives under different phase delay values ​​Δnd of the modulated dielectric layer combined with different overall thickness-direction phase difference Rth of the phase adjustment structure. Figure 3 In the diagram, multiple labels (such as dots or crosses) indicate the determination of the brightness viewing angle distribution map under different examples. Figure 3 Examples of multiple viewpoint control structures are given, with different phase delay values ​​Δnd of the control dielectric layer combined with different phase adjustment structures and overall thickness direction phase difference values ​​Rth. For example, the phase delay value Δnd of the control dielectric layer is designed in the range of 750nm to 2400nm, and the overall thickness direction phase difference value Rth of the phase adjustment structure is designed in the range of 0nm to 2500nm. Figure 3 The judgment status of each example is marked based on the results of the brightness viewing angle distribution maps for different examples. Examples judged as acceptable by a circle are marked with a dot, while examples judged as unacceptable by a cross are marked with a cross. For example, an acceptable brightness viewing angle distribution map may appear as similar to... Figure 2 The brightness distribution results for example E2 in the example show that unqualified brightness viewing angle distribution maps may present similar characteristics. Figure 2 The brightness distribution results for example E1 (or example E3) are shown, but not limited to these.

[0046] according to Figure 3The distribution of the data points of the circle and the cross can be seen, and the examples in which the phase retardation value Δnd of the regulating dielectric layer and the thickness-direction phase difference value Rth of the overall phase adjustment structure are in a certain relationship can achieve the switching effect of the conformable wide viewing angle mode or the narrow viewing angle mode. From the data points of the circle and the cross, Figure 3 The data point distribution can roughly define two boundary lines LA and LB, the boundary line LA roughly conforms to the formula: B = A * 0.8667 + 220, and the boundary line LB roughly conforms to the formula: B = A * 0.600 - 360, wherein the phase retardation value Δnd of the regulating dielectric layer is A nm (nanometer), and the thickness-direction phase difference value Rth of the overall phase adjustment structure is B nm. The conditions of the examples of the conformable wide viewing angle mode or the narrow viewing angle mode switching effect are roughly between the boundary line LA and the boundary line LB. Therefore, in the viewing angle control structure of the embodiments of the present disclosure, A and B may, for example, conform to the following relationship: A * 0.600 - 360 ≦ B ≦ A * 0.8667 + 220, but are not limited thereto. This formula can be applied to Figure 1 and the above-mentioned embodiments 1 to 4 of the table, or other suitable embodiments.

[0047] In some embodiments, the phase retardation value Δnd of the regulating dielectric layer may, for example, be between 750 nm and 2400 nm (750 nm ≦ Δnd ≦ 2400 nm), but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the phase retardation value Δnd of the regulating dielectric layer can be set to be between 900 nm and 2400 nm (900 nm ≦ Δnd ≦ 2400 nm). In some embodiments, the phase retardation value Δnd of the regulating dielectric layer can be set to be between 1000 nm and 2400 nm (1000 nm ≦ Δnd ≦ 2400 nm). In some embodiments, the phase retardation value Δnd of the regulating dielectric layer can be set to be between 1250 nm and 2400 nm (1250 nm ≦ Δnd ≦ 2400 nm).

[0048] Figure 4 The curves of the transmittance (%) and the inclination angle (θ) of the examples of the different regulating dielectric layers when driven in the narrow viewing angle mode are shown. Figure 4 The curves are, for example, taken from the optical analysis result graph, and the results can be obtained by measuring with a conoscope, but are not limited thereto. Figure 4 The curves of the examples of the different regulating dielectric layers when driven in the narrow viewing angle mode M1 are, for example, taken from the optical analysis result graph, and the transmittance (%) and the inclination angle (θ) at the azimuth angle of 0 degrees. These different examples of the regulating dielectric layers are all designed with the composite alignment described above, but different examples can have different phase retardation values Δnd of the regulating dielectric layers. Figure 1 Figure 4 ​In the present embodiment, curve T6, for example, represents an example in which the control dielectric layer has a phase retardation value Δnd of 750 nm, curve T1, for example, represents an example in which the control dielectric layer has a phase retardation value Δnd of 900 nm, curve T2, for example, represents an example in which the control dielectric layer has a phase retardation value Δnd of 1200 nm, curve T3, for example, represents an example in which the control dielectric layer has a phase retardation value Δnd of 1500 nm, curve T4, for example, represents an example in which the control dielectric layer has a phase retardation value Δnd of 1800 nm, and curve T5, for example, represents an example in which the control dielectric layer has a phase retardation value Δnd of 2100 nm, wherein the curve trend represented by curve T4 and curve T5 is quite close. From the above, it can be seen that the greater the phase retardation value Δnd of the control dielectric layer, the faster the rate of decline in the transmission at a small tilt angle (θ). Therefore, a designer can determine a suitable phase retardation value Δnd of the control dielectric layer according to a desired display effect. Figure 4 It can be seen that the greater the phase retardation value Δnd of the control dielectric layer, the faster the rate of decline in the transmission at a small tilt angle (θ). Therefore, a designer can determine a suitable phase retardation value Δnd of the control dielectric layer according to a desired display effect.

[0049] In general, the smaller the tilt angle (θ) corresponding to the minimum transmission, for example, when the tilt angle (θ) is equal to or less than 50 degrees, the more the narrow viewing angle mode M1 meets the requirements of a privacy display. A designer can determine a suitable phase retardation value Δnd of the control dielectric layer according to a desired display effect.

[0050] Figure 5 The relationship between the transmission T% and the phase retardation value Δnd of the plurality of control dielectric layers in the alignment condition with different alignment pre-tilt angles. Figure 5 For example, the optical analysis results obtained when the example is driven in the narrow viewing angle mode, wherein Figure 5 The relationship between the transmission T% and the phase retardation value Δnd at a tilt angle (θ) of about 45 degrees and an azimuth angle of about 0 degrees in the optical analysis results. The above optical analysis results can be obtained by measurement with a conoscopic lens, but are not limited thereto. Figure 5 The example of the plurality of control dielectric layers with Figure 1The composite alignment, wherein the pre-tilt angle of one side of the horizontal alignment of different examples is fixed, but the pre-tilt angle of the other side of the vertical alignment is different. For example, curve T8 represents an example in which the pre-tilt angle of the side of the vertical alignment of the tuning dielectric layer is approximately 90 degrees, curve T9 represents an example in which the pre-tilt angle of the side of the vertical alignment of the tuning dielectric layer is approximately 80 degrees, curve T10 represents an example in which the pre-tilt angle of the side of the vertical alignment of the tuning dielectric layer is approximately 70 degrees, and curve T11 represents an example in which the pre-tilt angle of the side of the vertical alignment of the tuning dielectric layer is approximately 60 degrees. For example, as can be seen from curve T10, when the phase retardation value Δnd of the tuning dielectric layer is about 1258 nm, the transmittance at an inclination angle (θ) of 45 degrees has a minimum value under the condition that the pre-tilt angle of the side of the vertical alignment of the tuning dielectric layer is approximately 70 degrees. In addition, as can be seen from curve T9, when the phase retardation value Δnd of the tuning dielectric layer is about 1600 nm, the transmittance at an inclination angle (θ) of 45 degrees has a minimum value under the condition that the pre-tilt angle of the side of the vertical alignment of the tuning dielectric layer is approximately 80 degrees. In addition, the transmittance at an inclination angle (θ) of 45 degrees does not reach the ideal minimum value of the transmittance under the conditions of curve T8 and curve T11. As can be seen from the above, the designer can determine the design of the phase retardation value Δnd and the pre-tilt angle of the tuning dielectric layer according to the required display effect. Figure 5 As can be seen from the above, the designer can determine the design of the phase retardation value Δnd and the pre-tilt angle of the tuning dielectric layer according to the required display effect.

[0051] In general, the designer can determine the design of the phase retardation value Δnd and the pre-tilt angle of the tuning dielectric layer according to the required display effect. Figure 3 The results presented set the viewing angle control structure to be: the phase retardation value Δnd of the tuning dielectric layer is A nm (nanometers), and the thickness direction phase difference value Rth of the phase adjustment structure as a whole is B nm, A and B satisfy the following relationship: A*0.600-360≦B≦A*0.8667+220. In addition, the designer can further determine the required phase retardation value Δnd of the tuning dielectric layer or the pre-tilt angle of the alignment of the tuning dielectric layer according to the relationship presented by Figure 4 or Figure 5 The results presented set the viewing angle control structure to be: the phase retardation value Δnd of the tuning dielectric layer is A nm (nanometers), and the thickness direction phase difference value Rth of the phase adjustment structure as a whole is B nm, A and B satisfy the following relationship: A*0.600-360≦B≦A*0.8667+220. In addition, the designer can further determine the required phase retardation value Δnd of the tuning dielectric layer or the pre-tilt angle of the alignment of the tuning dielectric layer according to the relationship presented by

[0052] The following Figures 6 to 8 represents different embodiments of electronic devices, in Figures 6 to 8 which the specific structures of the respective components are omitted for the sake of clarity in representing the relative positional relationship of the respective components by using inclined rectangular patterns. The specific structures of the respective components can be implemented by the understanding and definition of the respective technical terms in the art. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 6The electronic device 200 includes a viewing angle control structure 210, a display structure 220, and an intermediary structure 230 between the viewing angle control structure 210 and the display structure 220, but is not limited thereto. The viewing angle control structure 210 may, for example, include a panel unit 212, a first polarizer 214, and a second polarizer 216, and the viewing angle control structure 210 may, for example, be implemented as in Embodiments 1 to 4 of the foregoing table or similar variations thereof, and the viewing angle control structure 210 may, for example, have a cross-sectional structure similar to or the same as Figure 1 The viewing angle control structure 210 may, for example, be switched between different modes, such as a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode, by driving control. The optical effects exhibited by the viewing angle control structure 210 in different modes may, for example, be as described in the foregoing table. Figures 2 to 5

[0053] In some embodiments, the display structure 220 may, for example, include a display panel 222 and a third polarizer 224, and the display panel 222 may, for example, include a self-emissive display panel such as an organic light-emitting display panel, a micro light-emitting diode panel, a submillimeter light-emitting diode panel, or the like, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the intermediary structure 230 may, for example, be disposed between the viewing angle control structure 210 and the display structure 220. In some embodiments, the intermediary structure 230 may, for example, be optically transmissive. In some embodiments, the intermediary structure 230 may, for example, include an adhesive layer such as an optical adhesive or other suitable adhesive layer to attach the viewing angle control structure 210 and the display structure 220 to each other. In some embodiments, the intermediary structure 230 may, for example, be an air layer that allows light to pass through. In some embodiments, a wave plate (not shown) may, for example, be further disposed between the display panel 222 and the third polarizer 224.

[0054] In some embodiments, the absorption axis of the first polarizer 214 and the absorption axis of the second polarizer 216 may, for example, be substantially parallel, but are not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the absorption axis of the third polarizer 224 disposed between the display panel 222 and the viewing angle control structure 210 may, for example, be substantially parallel to the absorption axis of the first polarizer 214. When the absorption axis of the first polarizer 214 is substantially parallel to the absorption axis of the third polarizer 224, the light DL emitted by the display panel 222 may, for example, have a first polarization direction after passing through the third polarizer 224, and most of the light DL may, for example, pass through the first polarizer 214 to enter the panel unit 212. The polarization state of the light DL may, for example, be changed according to the optical effects of the panel unit 212 and / or the phase adjustment structure after the light DL enters the panel unit 212 and / or the phase adjustment structure, thereby regulating the transmittance of the light SL after passing through the second polarizer 216 of the viewing angle control structure, and thereby controlling the switching between the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode.

[0055] ​In some embodiments, the first polarizer 214 and the third polarizer 224 can be integrated into one polarizer according to requirements. In this case, the intermediate structure 230 can be omitted, for example, so that the electronic device 200 can have only two polarizers, thereby reducing the thickness and cost of the electronic device 200.

[0056] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7 The electronic device 300 includes the viewing angle control structure 210, a display structure 320, the intermediate structure 230, and / or a light source module 328. The viewing angle control structure 210 can refer to the related descriptions of the viewing angle control structure 210 of the electronic device 200 of Figure 6 The display structure 320 can include a display panel 322, a third polarizer 324, and / or a fourth polarizer 326. The display panel 322 can be a non-self-luminous panel, such as a liquid crystal display panel, but is not limited thereto. The light source module 328 can be disposed below the display structure 320 and / or the viewing angle control structure 210, and the light source module 328 can be used to provide light DL to the display structure 320. In some embodiments, the third polarizer 324 and the fourth polarizer 326 can be located on opposite sides of the display panel 322, and the third polarizer 324 can be located between the display panel 322 and the panel unit 212 (or the light source module 328), but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the viewing angle control structure 210 can be disposed between the light source module 328 and the display structure 320, but is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the display structure 320 can be disposed between the light source module 328 and the viewing angle control structure 210.

[0057] In this embodiment, the viewing angle control structure 210 can be driven and controlled to provide different display modes as in the previous embodiments. Therefore, the electronic device 300 can provide narrow viewing angle display effects and wide viewing angle display effects to switch different modes according to different use scenarios. In other embodiments, the absorption axis of the second polarizer 216 of the viewing angle control structure 210 and the absorption axis of the third polarizer 324 of the display structure 320 can be substantially parallel, so that the second polarizer 216 and the third polarizer 324 can be selectively integrated into one polarizer, thereby reducing the thickness and cost of the electronic device 300.

[0058] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 8 The electronic device 400 is substantially similar to the electronic device 300 of Figure 7 and both have the same constituent components. Figure 8The electronic device 400 includes the viewing angle control structure 210, the display structure 320, and the interposition structure 230. Specifically, the display structure 320 can include a display panel 322, a third polarizer 324, and a fourth polarizer 326, and the display structure 320 is positioned between the light source module 328 and the viewing angle control structure 210. The viewing angle control structure 210 can provide the electronic device 400 with different display modes (e.g., a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode) having different viewing angle ranges, and the specific structure and properties of the components of the viewing angle control structure 210 can refer to the descriptions of the foregoing embodiments. In other embodiments (not shown), the electronic device 400 can include two viewing angle control structures 210, and the two viewing angle control structures 210 can be positioned, for example, on both sides of the display structure 320 (or the display panel 322), respectively. In some embodiments, the polarizer adjacent to the light source module 328 can be integrated, for example, into the existing optical film of the light source module 328 to simplify the components of the overall device.

[0059] In some embodiments, the optical parameters (e.g., the thickness-direction retardation value (Rth) of the phase retardation structure, the phase retardation value Δnd of the control dielectric layer, the pre-tilt angle of the alignment, etc.) of the viewing angle control structure in the foregoing embodiments can be measured by using an Abbe refractometer, an Axostep, or a spectrophotometer, but are not limited thereto, and these optical parameters can also be measured by using other suitable instruments or methods. In addition, the complex alignment of the control dielectric layer can be determined by using the brightness distribution map exhibited by the control dielectric layer, but is not limited thereto. For example, Figures 9A to 9C The brightness distribution maps of the control dielectric layer with different phase retardation values Δnd under the complex alignment are shown, respectively. Figures 9A to 9C The brightness distribution map of the viewing angle control structure can be obtained by the results measured by a conoscopic lens, but is not limited thereto. It should be noted that, in the Figures 9A to 9C For example, the optical results of the viewing angle control structure without any phase retardation structure arranged in the case where the control dielectric layer is arranged between two polarizers parallel to each other in the absorption axis direction, and Figures 9A to 9C For example, the optical results of the viewing angle control structure switched to the wide viewing angle mode. Figures 9A to 9CThe presented distribution map H1, distribution map H2, distribution map H3 respectively presents the brightness distribution under the condition that the phase retardation value Δnd of the control dielectric layer is 1200 nm, 1800 nm and 2400 nm. The three distribution maps H1-H3 all have obvious dark regions DR at about azimuth angles 45 degrees, 135 degrees, 225 degrees and 315 degrees. Therefore, when detecting the viewing angle control structure, the result that the dark regions DR exist at the azimuth angles 45 degrees, 135 degrees, 225 degrees and 315 degrees in the brightness distribution map can be used as the evidence of whether the control dielectric layer is the composite alignment, i.e. the alignment layer on one side is vertical alignment, and the alignment layer on the other side is horizontal alignment. In addition, the composite alignment of the control dielectric layer can also be realized by using different materials of the alignment layers. For example, one of the alignment layers on both sides of the control dielectric layer can use the commonly known vertical alignment alignment layer material, and the other can use the commonly known horizontal alignment alignment layer material. Therefore, when the alignment layers on both sides of the control dielectric layer have different materials, it can be used as the evidence of whether the control dielectric layer is the composite alignment.

[0060] In addition, another method for proving whether the control dielectric layer is the composite alignment is that two same viewing angle control structures 210 are obtained, the first substrate (on which the first alignment layer is arranged) and the second substrate (on which the second alignment layer is arranged) of the two viewing angle control structures 210 are separated, and then any liquid crystal material is arranged between the first substrates of the two viewing angle control structures 210 or any liquid crystal material is arranged between the second substrates of the two viewing angle control structures 210, and the optical changes are observed to determine whether the control dielectric layer is the composite alignment.

[0061] In summary, the electronic device of the embodiments of the present disclosure has a viewing angle control structure, and the viewing angle control structure includes a control dielectric layer and a phase adjustment structure. The control dielectric layer and the phase adjustment structure cooperate with each other to provide control and adjustment of the viewing angle range. Therefore, the electronic device can have multiple display modes (such as a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode). In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the control dielectric layer is subjected to the composite alignment and cooperates with the appropriate thickness direction phase difference value of the phase adjustment structure, and the viewing angle control structure can substantially not have the undesirable bright region at the diagonal viewing angle in the narrow viewing angle mode, and can substantially not have the undesirable dark region at the diagonal viewing angle in the wide viewing angle mode. In other words, the electronic device can provide good display effect in both modes. In some embodiments, the existing substrate of the viewing angle control structure can provide the function of the phase adjustment structure, and additional phase adjustment structure can not be needed. In other embodiments, the viewing angle control structure can have additional phase adjustment structure to provide the required thickness direction phase difference value.

[0062] It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, but not limit the present disclosure; although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the above-mentioned embodiments can be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be replaced equivalently; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized by comprising: Comprising: a display structure; and a viewing angle control structure overlapping the display structure and comprising: a first substrate; a second substrate disposed opposite the first substrate; a regulating dielectric layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first alignment layer disposed between the first substrate and the regulating dielectric layer; a second alignment layer disposed between the second substrate and the regulating dielectric layer; a first polarizer disposed on a side of the first substrate distal to the regulating dielectric layer; a second polarizer disposed on a side of the second substrate distal to the regulating dielectric layer; and a phase adjustment structure disposed between the regulating dielectric layer and the second polarizer; wherein a phase retardation value Δnd of the regulating dielectric layer is A nm, an overall thickness-direction phase difference value Rth of the phase adjustment structure is B nm, and A and B satisfy the following relationship: A*0.600-360 ≦ B ≦ A*0.8667+220. wherein one of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer is a horizontal alignment, and the other of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer is a vertical alignment. 2.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The horizontal alignment has an alignment tilt angle between 0 degrees and 30 degrees, and the vertical alignment has an alignment tilt angle between 50 degrees and 90 degrees. 3.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The phase retardation value Δnd of the regulating dielectric layer is between 750 nm and 2400 nm. 4.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The phase adjustment structure comprises a multilayer structure. 5.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The first substrate or the second substrate is part of the phase adjustment structure.

6. An electronic device, comprising: Comprising: a display structure; and a viewing angle control structure overlapping the display structure and comprising a first polarizer; a second polarizer disposed opposite the first polarizer; a regulating dielectric layer disposed between the first polarizer and the second polarizer; and a phase adjustment structure disposed between the regulating dielectric layer and the second polarizer; wherein a phase retardation value Δnd of the regulating dielectric layer is A nm, an overall thickness-direction phase difference value Rth of the phase adjustment structure is B nm, and A and B satisfy the following relationship: A*0.600-360 ≦ B ≦ A*0.8667+220. The phase retardation value Δnd of the regulating dielectric layer is between 750 nm and 2400 nm. The phase adjustment structure comprises a multilayer structure. 7.The electronic device of claim 6, wherein, The viewing angle control structure further comprises 8.The electronic device of claim 6, wherein, a first substrate disposed between the first polarizer and the regulating dielectric layer, 9.The electronic device of claim 6, wherein, and the first substrate is part of the phase adjustment structure. ​ ​

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