A frictional nanogenerator

Abstract

The application discloses a friction nanometer power generation device, and relates to the technical field of friction nanometer power generation, which comprises a shell, a friction power generation mechanism and an energy collection mechanism, wherein the friction power generation mechanism comprises a fixed friction component and a movable friction component, the energy collection mechanism is connected with the movable friction component, the energy collection mechanism can move under the action of fluid and drive the movable friction component to make reciprocating linear motion relative to the fixed friction component along a first direction, the first movable part moves within a first interval, so that two movable friction units on the first movable part can be in contact with or separated from the fixed friction units on the first fixed part and the second fixed part and generate electricity. The friction nanometer power generation device provided by the application utilizes fluid kinetic energy to generate electricity, saves energy and can improve power generation efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of friction nanogenerator, and in particular to a friction nanogenerator device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing demand for energy, the use of clean and renewable energy has become a research hotspot today. The harm of thermal power generation to the environment and the consumption of energy are irreversible. Obtaining mechanical energy from the environment is a very promising strategy to realize self-powered electronic devices. Since the friction nanogenerator was invented, it has achieved rapid development in basic research and technical application. The working principle of the friction nanogenerator is based on the coupling of triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction effect. The friction nanogenerator can effectively collect energy in a low-frequency environment, has the advantages of no external energy supply and low cost, and can be used as a power supply element of a sensor. The friction nanogenerator can effectively convert the micro-energy in the environment into electrical energy output, especially the mechanical energy of low frequency, such as wind energy, raindrop energy or water wave energy. For example, the patent CN112019083A provides a 3D printed sandwich structure friction nanogenerator. The friction nanogenerator has a fan mechanism, an eccentric protrusion, a sliding block mechanism, a movable displacement assembly and a fixed displacement assembly. The fan mechanism, the eccentric protrusion, the sliding block mechanism and the movable displacement assembly are connected in sequence. The fan mechanism rotates and drives the movable displacement assembly to reciprocate up and down through the eccentric protrusion and the sliding block mechanism. Thus, the first friction layer on the movable displacement assembly and the second friction layer on the fixed displacement assembly are periodically contacted or separated, thereby realizing friction power generation. However, during the operation of the friction nanogenerator, when the eccentric protrusion rotates one circle, the movable displacement assembly moves one reciprocating cycle. The friction nanogenerator only completes power generation once, and the power generation efficiency is low. SUMMARY

[0003] The application aims to provide a friction nanogenerator device to solve the problems existing in the prior art, generate electricity by fluid kinetic energy, save energy and improve power generation efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides the following solutions.

[0005] The application provides a friction nanogenerator, comprising a shell, a friction generating mechanism and an energy collecting mechanism, wherein the friction generating mechanism comprises a fixed friction component and a movable friction component; the fixed friction component is fixedly arranged on the shell; the fixed friction component comprises a first fixed part and a second fixed part, which are arranged side by side along a first direction; one fixed friction unit is arranged on each of the opposite sides of the first fixed part and the second fixed part; the first fixed part and the second fixed part have a first interval between the two fixed friction units opposite to each other; the movable friction component comprises a first movable part, which is arranged in the first interval; one movable friction unit is arranged on each of the opposite sides of the first movable part along the first direction; and the energy collecting mechanism is arranged on the shell and connected with the movable friction component; the energy collecting mechanism can move under the action of fluid and drive the movable friction component to make reciprocating linear motion relative to the fixed friction component along the first direction, so that the first movable part moves in the first interval and the two movable friction units on the first movable part can contact or separate from the fixed friction units on the first fixed part and the second fixed part respectively to generate electricity.

[0006] Preferably, the fixed friction component further comprises a third fixed part, which is located on the side of the second fixed part away from the first fixed part along the first direction; one fixed friction unit is arranged on each of the opposite sides of the second fixed part and the third fixed part; the second fixed part and the third fixed part have a second interval between the two fixed friction units opposite to each other; the movable friction component further comprises a second movable part, which is arranged side by side with the first movable part along the first direction; the second movable part is arranged in the second interval; one movable friction unit is arranged on each of the opposite sides of the second movable part along the first direction; the energy collecting mechanism can drive the first movable part and the second movable part to make synchronous reciprocating linear motion along the first direction, and can make the second movable part move in the second interval, so that the two movable friction units on the second movable part can contact or separate from the fixed friction units on the second fixed part and the third fixed part respectively to generate electricity.

[0007] Preferably, the energy collecting mechanism comprises a rotating part and a transmission assembly; the rotating part is rotationally connected to the shell and connected with the transmission assembly; the transmission assembly is connected with the movable friction component; the rotating part is used to rotate relative to the shell under the action of fluid and can drive the transmission assembly to move; and the transmission assembly is used to drive the movable friction component to make reciprocating linear motion along the first direction.

[0008] Preferably, the energy collecting mechanism further comprises a flow passage shell arranged on the shell body, the flow passage shell is provided with a receiving groove for accommodating the rotating component, the rotating component is arranged in the receiving groove, and the flow passage shell has a flow passage for the fluid to pass through, the flow passage has an inlet and an outlet at two ends, the flow passage is communicated with the receiving groove, and the fluid can enter the flow passage and impact the rotating component to rotate the rotating component in the receiving groove; the guide component is fixedly arranged on the flow passage shell, and the transmission assembly and the friction power generation mechanism are located on the same side of the flow passage shell.

[0009] Preferably, the transmission assembly comprises an eccentric wheel, a driven block and a guide component, the rotating component is arranged as an impeller, the rotating shaft of the impeller is fixedly connected with the eccentric wheel, the driven block is provided with a movable hole, the eccentric wheel is arranged in the movable hole, and the outer peripheral wall of the eccentric wheel is in contact with the inner wall of the movable hole; the movable friction assembly is fixedly connected with the driven block, the guide component is fixedly arranged on the flow passage shell, the movable friction assembly is movably connected with the guide component and can move linearly relative to the guide component along the first direction; the rotating component drives the eccentric wheel to rotate synchronously, and the eccentric wheel rotates in the movable hole to drive the driven block and the movable friction assembly to move linearly along the first direction under the guidance of the guide component.

[0010] Preferably, the guide component is arranged as a linear bearing, the movable friction assembly further comprises a movable rod, the movable rod is fixedly connected with the first movable part and the second movable part, the movable rod or the second movable part close to the driven block is fixedly connected with the driven block, and the movable rod passes through the linear bearing and is slidably connected with the linear bearing, the axis of the movable rod and the linear bearing are collinear and both are along the first direction.

[0011] Preferably, the friction power generation mechanism is arranged as two, the two fixed friction assemblies are fixedly arranged on the shell body along the first direction, and the two movable friction assemblies are distributed along the first direction and are connected with the energy collecting mechanism; the energy collecting mechanism can drive the two movable friction assemblies to move linearly along the first direction synchronously.

[0012] Preferably, each of the fixed friction units comprises a fixed electrode layer and a fixed friction layer, one side of the fixed electrode layer is fixedly connected to the first fixed part, the second fixed part or the third fixed part, and the other side of the fixed electrode layer is fixedly connected to the fixed friction layer; each of the movable friction units comprises a movable electrode layer and a movable friction layer, one side of the movable electrode layer is fixedly connected to the first movable part or the second movable part, and the other side of the movable electrode layer is fixedly connected to the movable friction layer; the fixed friction layer and the movable friction layer opposite to each other along the first direction can contact or separate and generate electricity, and the fixed electrode layer and the movable electrode layer opposite to each other along the first direction are used for electrical connection to the electrical equipment or the electrical storage equipment.

[0013] Preferably, the fixed friction layer and the movable friction layer are provided with microstructures on the sides thereof for increasing the contact area.

[0014] Preferably, the fixed friction layer and the movable friction layer opposite to each other along the first direction are made of materials with different triboelectric sequences, respectively.

[0015] The present application has the following technical effects relative to the prior art:

[0016] The friction nanometer power generation device provided by the present application has the following advantages: the fixed friction component of the friction power generation mechanism is fixedly arranged on the shell, the energy collection mechanism can drive the first movable part of the movable friction component to make reciprocating linear motion along the first direction in the first interval between the two fixed friction units opposite to each other of the fixed friction component under the action of the fluid, and the first movable part is also provided with movable friction units on the two sides thereof along the first direction, so that the two movable friction units of the first movable part can contact or separate the fixed friction units on the first fixed part and the second fixed part to generate electricity during the reciprocating linear motion of the first movable part, and thus the first movable part can generate electricity twice in one reciprocating cycle, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of fluid energy to electricity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 The axial structure schematic diagram of the friction nanometer power generation device provided by the first embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 The orientation explosion structure schematic diagram of the friction nanometer power generation device provided by the first embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 Another orientation explosion structure schematic diagram of the friction nanogenerator provided for example one;

[0021] Figure 4 A structure schematic diagram of the support shell and the friction power generation mechanism provided for example one;

[0022] Figure 5 A structure schematic diagram of the fixed friction assembly provided for example one;

[0023] Figure 6 A structure cooperation schematic diagram of the energy collection mechanism and the movable friction assembly provided for example one;

[0024] Figure 7 A structure schematic diagram of the movable friction assembly provided for example one;

[0025] Figure 8 A structure cooperation schematic diagram of the energy collection mechanism and the friction power generation mechanism provided for example one;

[0026] Figure 9 An activity process schematic diagram of one motion cycle of the energy collection mechanism and the friction power generation mechanism provided for example one;

[0027] Figure 10 A power generation schematic diagram of one motion cycle of the fixed friction unit and the movable friction unit provided for example one.

[0028] Figure legend: 1-friction nanogenerator; 10-shell; 11-support shell; 12-cover; 20-friction power generation mechanism; 21-fixed friction assembly; 211-first fixed part; 212-second fixed part; 213-fixed friction unit; 2131-fixed electrode layer; 2132-fixed friction layer; 214-first interval; 215-third fixed part; 216-second interval; 22-movable friction assembly; 221-first movable part; 222-movable friction unit; 2221-movable electrode layer; 2222-movable friction layer; 223-second movable part; 224-movable rod; 225-clamping groove; 30-energy collection mechanism; 31-rotary part; 32-transmission assembly; 321- eccentric wheel; 322-follower block; 323-guiding part; 324-movable hole; 33-flow-through shell; 331-receiving groove; 332-inlet; 333-outlet; 334-flow-through channel; 335-communication hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The purpose of this invention is to provide a triboelectric nanogenerator to solve the problems existing in the prior art, generate electricity using fluid kinetic energy, save energy, and improve power generation efficiency.

[0031] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] This embodiment provides a triboelectric nanogenerator 1. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-10 The system includes a housing 10, a triboelectric power generation mechanism 20, and an energy harvesting mechanism 30. The triboelectric power generation mechanism 20 includes a fixed friction assembly 21 and a movable friction assembly 22. The fixed friction assembly 21 is fixedly mounted on the housing 10 and includes a first fixing part 211 and a second fixing part 212. The first fixing part 211 and the second fixing part 212 are arranged side by side along a first direction. A fixed friction unit 213 is provided on each of the opposite sides of the first fixing part 211 and the second fixing part 212. A first distance 214 is provided between the two opposite fixed friction units 213 of the first fixing part 211 and the second fixing part 212. The movable friction assembly 22 includes a first movable part 221. The movable part 221 is placed within the first gap 214, and a movable friction unit 222 is provided on each of the two opposite sides of the first movable part 221 in the first direction; the energy harvesting mechanism 30 is disposed on the housing 10, and the energy harvesting mechanism 30 is connected to the movable friction assembly 22. The energy harvesting mechanism 30 can move under the action of the fluid and drive the movable friction assembly 22 to reciprocate linearly relative to the fixed friction assembly 21 in the first direction, so that the first movable part 221 moves within the first gap 214, so that the two movable friction units 222 on the first movable part 221 can respectively contact or separate from the fixed friction units 213 on the first fixed part 211 and the second fixed part 212 and generate electricity.

[0034] The fixed friction assembly 21 of the friction power generation mechanism 20 is fixedly arranged on the shell 10, and the energy collection mechanism 30 can drive the first movable part 221 of the movable friction assembly 22 to reciprocate linearly in the first direction within the first interval 214 between the two fixed friction units 213 of the fixed friction assembly 21 under the action of the fluid. Since the first movable part 221 is also provided with the movable friction units 222 on both sides in the first direction, the two movable friction units 222 of the first movable part 221 can be in contact with or separated from the fixed friction units 213 on the first fixed part 211 and the second fixed part 212 to generate electricity during the reciprocating linear motion of the first movable part 221. Thus, the first movable part 221 can generate electricity twice in one reciprocating cycle, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of fluid energy into electricity.

[0035] In an optional embodiment of the present embodiment, preferably, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the fixed friction assembly 21 further comprises a third fixed part 215, the third fixed part 215 is located on the side of the second fixed part 212 away from the first fixed part 211 in the first direction, and the second fixed part 212 and the third fixed part 215 are also provided with a fixed friction unit 213 on the opposite sides, and the two fixed friction units 213 of the second fixed part 212 and the third fixed part 215 have a second interval 216; referring to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the movable friction assembly 22 further comprises a second movable part 223, the second movable part 223 is arranged side by side with the first movable part 221 in the first direction, the second movable part 223 is arranged within the second interval 216, and the second movable part 223 is provided with a movable friction unit 222 on the opposite sides in the first direction; the energy collection mechanism 30 can drive the first movable part 221 and the second movable part 223 to synchronously reciprocate linearly in the first direction, the first movable part 221 and the second movable part 223 each have a reciprocating cycle, and the two movable friction units 222 of the first movable part 221 can be in contact with or separated from the fixed friction units 213 on the first fixed part 211 and the second fixed part 212 to generate electricity during the reciprocating linear motion of the first movable part 221; the second movable part 223 moves within the second interval 216, so that the two movable friction units 222 on the second movable part 223 can be in contact with or separated from the fixed friction units 213 on the second fixed part 212 and the third fixed part 215 to generate electricity; thereby further improving the conversion efficiency of fluid energy into electricity.

[0036] Specifically, the first fixed part 211, the second fixed part 212, the third fixed part 215, the first movable part 221 and the second movable part 223 can each be provided as a support plate.

[0037] Specifically, the first direction is along the horizontal direction.

[0038] In an optional embodiment of the present application, preferably, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The energy collecting mechanism 30 comprises a rotating component 31 and a transmission assembly 32, the rotating component 31 is rotationally connected to the housing 10, and the rotating component 31 is connected to the transmission assembly 32, and the transmission assembly 32 is connected to the movable friction assembly 22; the rotating component 31 is used to rotate relative to the housing 10 under the action of fluid, and can drive the transmission assembly 32 to move, and the transmission assembly 32 is used to drive the movable friction assembly 22 to do reciprocating linear motion in the first direction, so as to make the movable friction assembly 22 contact or separate from the fixed friction assembly 21 to generate electricity.

[0039] In an optional embodiment of the present application, preferably, referring to Figure 2 The energy collecting mechanism 30 further comprises an overflow shell 33, the overflow shell 33 is arranged on the housing 10, and the overflow shell 33 is provided with a containing groove 331 for containing the rotating component 31, the rotating component 31 is rotationally arranged in the containing groove 331, and one end of the rotating shaft of the rotating component 31 can extend out of the overflow shell 33, and the transmission assembly 32 is fixedly connected to the overflow shell 33; the overflow shell 33 has an overflow channel 334 for fluid passing through, and the overflow channel 334 has an inflow port 332 and an outflow port 333 at two ends, fluid can enter the overflow channel 334 through the inflow port 332 and impact the rotating component 31 to make the rotating component 31 rotate in the containing groove 331 and drive the transmission assembly 32 to move; specifically, the containing groove 331 is arranged as a cylindrical groove, the overflow channel 334 is arranged below the containing groove 331, and the inner circumferential wall of the containing groove 331 is provided with a communication hole 335 which can communicate with the overflow channel 334, so that the containing groove 331 and the overflow channel 334 have an overlapping part at the flow communication hole 335, and thus a part of the rotating component 31 can enter the overflow channel 334 through the communication hole 335, so that when fluid enters the overflow channel 334, it can make the rotating component 31 rotate in the containing groove 331 by impacting the circumferential edge of the rotating component 31; the transmission assembly 32 and the friction power generation mechanism 20 are located on the same side of the overflow shell 33, which facilitates the transmission connection between the transmission assembly 32 and the friction power generation mechanism 20.

[0040] In an optional embodiment of the present application, preferably, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3The transmission assembly 32 comprises an eccentric wheel 321, a driven block 322 and a guide component 323. The rotating component 31 is provided as an impeller. The rotating shaft of the impeller is rotationally connected with the flow passage shell 33. The rotating shaft of the impeller is fixedly connected with the eccentric wheel 321 at one end thereof. Specifically, the rotating axis of the impeller is perpendicular to the first direction in the horizontal plane. The rotating shaft of the impeller is fixedly inserted into the shaft hole of the eccentric wheel 321. The rotation of the impeller can drive the eccentric wheel 321 to rotate eccentrically. The driven block 322 is provided with a movable hole 324. The eccentric wheel 321 is arranged in the movable hole 324. The outer wall of the eccentric wheel 321 is in contact with the inner wall of the movable hole 324. Specifically, the movable hole 324 is provided as a waist-shaped hole. The length direction of the waist-shaped hole is along the vertical direction. The outer peripheral wall of the eccentric wheel 321 is tangent to the two planes of the waist-shaped hole, so that the eccentric wheel 321 can drive the driven block 322 to move reciprocatingly. The movable friction assembly 22 is fixedly connected with the driven block 322. The guide component 323 is fixedly arranged on the flow passage shell 33. The movable friction assembly 22 is movably connected with the guide component 323 and can move linearly along the first direction relative to the guide component 323. The flow passage shell 33 can stabilize the vertical positions of the guide component 323, the movable friction assembly 22 and the driven block 322. Therefore, the rotation of the impeller can drive the eccentric wheel 321 to rotate synchronously in the movable hole 324. The eccentric rotation of the eccentric wheel 321 in the movable hole 324 can drive the driven block 322 and the movable friction assembly 22 to move reciprocatingly along the first direction under the guidance of the guide component 323.

[0041] Further preferably, the shell 10 comprises a support shell 11 and a cover 12. The support shell 11 and the cover 12 can be located on both sides of the flow passage shell 33 along the axial direction of the rotating component 31 and can be detachably buckled on the flow passage shell 33. The transmission assembly 32, the guide component 323 and the friction power generation mechanism 20 are located between the support shell 11 and the flow passage shell 33. The fixed friction assembly 21 of the friction power generation mechanism 20 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall surface of the support shell 11. The accommodation groove 331 on the side facing the cover 12 is an open side. The cover 12 can close the open side. The rotating shaft of the rotating component 31 can also be rotationally connected with the cover 12 about the axis thereof. That is, the rotating shaft of the rotating component 31 can be rotationally connected with the flow passage shell 33 and the cover 12. This can improve the stability of the rotating component 31. The support shell 11, the cover 12 and the flow passage shell 33 can be detachably connected. This can reduce the manufacturing cost and facilitate the assembly and the disassembly and maintenance of the components.

[0042] In an optional solution of the embodiment, preferably, the guide component 323 is provided as a linear bearing, the movable friction assembly 22 further comprises a movable rod 224, the movable rod 224 is fixedly connected with the first movable part 221 and the second movable part 223, the movable rod 224 or the second movable part 223 close to the driven block 322 is fixedly connected with the driven block 322, and the movable rod 224 penetrates through the linear bearing and is in sliding connection with the linear bearing. Since the linear bearing is fixedly arranged on the flow shell 33, the linear bearing can guide the linear movement of the entire movable friction assembly 22 through the movable rod 224. Since the movable friction assembly 22 is fixedly connected with the driven block 322, and the movable rod 224 and the linear bearing axis are collinear and both along the first direction, the linear bearing can guide the driven block 322 and the movable friction assembly 22 in the first direction, so as to convert the rotation of the eccentric wheel 321 into the reciprocating linear movement of the movable friction assembly 22.

[0043] Specifically, the second movable part 223 is fixedly connected with the driven block 322, and the second movable part 223 is provided with a clamping groove 225 on the side close to the driven block 322, and the driven block 322 can be clamped in the clamping groove 225 to realize the fixed connection.

[0044] In an optional solution of the embodiment, preferably, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 , the friction power generation mechanism 20 is provided as two, the two fixed friction assemblies 21 are fixedly arranged on the shell 10 along the first direction, and the two movable friction assemblies 22 are distributed along the first direction and are connected with the energy collection mechanism 30; the energy collection mechanism 30 can drive the two movable friction assemblies 22 to make synchronous reciprocating linear movement along the first direction, and respectively contact or separate from the two fixed friction assemblies 21 to generate electricity, so as to further improve the conversion and power generation efficiency.

[0045] Specifically, the two friction power generation mechanisms 20 are symmetrical along the vertical plane of the first direction which is located on the axis of the rotating component 31, the energy collection mechanism 30 is also provided with two guide components 323 which are symmetrical about the vertical plane of the first direction which is located on the axis of the rotating component 31, the two movable friction assemblies 22 are fixedly connected with the driven block 322, and respectively in movable connection with the two guide components 323. The specific connection mode can refer to the foregoing description.

[0046] In an optional solution of the embodiment, preferably, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 7, each fixed friction unit 213 comprises a fixed electrode layer 2131 and a fixed friction layer 2132, the fixed electrode layer 2131 is fixedly connected to the corresponding first fixed part 211, second fixed part 212 or third fixed part 215 on one side, and the fixed friction layer 2132 is fixedly connected to the other side of the fixed electrode layer 2131; each movable friction unit 222 comprises a movable electrode layer 2221 and a movable friction layer 2222, the movable electrode layer 2221 is fixedly connected to the corresponding first movable part 221 or second movable part 223 on one side, and the movable friction layer 2222 is fixedly connected to the other side of the movable electrode layer 2221; the fixed friction layer 2132 and the movable friction layer 2222 opposite in the first direction can contact or separate and generate electricity, and each fixed electrode layer 2131 and each movable electrode layer 2221 opposite in the first direction are used for electrical connection to one electrical equipment or one electrical storage equipment, realizing the utilization or storage of electrical energy.

[0047] In an optional solution of the embodiment, preferably, the side surfaces of the fixed friction layer 2132 and the movable friction layer 2222 are provided with microstructures for increasing the contact area; specifically, the microstructures can include an array structure of any combination of nanowires, nanotubes, nanoparticles, nanorods, nanoscale grooves and nanoscale conical structures, which can improve the contact area and further enhance the output electrical energy.

[0048] Specifically, the fixed friction layer 2132 and the movable friction layer 2222 opposite in the first direction respectively adopt materials with different triboelectric sequences, so that the fixed friction layer 2132 and the movable friction layer 2222 can be triboelectrically charged; further, the greater the difference in triboelectric sequence, the greater the power generation, and the material of each fixed friction layer 2132 is preferably polyimide, and the material of each movable friction layer 2222 is preferably nylon.

[0049] Specifically, the working principle of the friction nanogenerator 1 provided in the embodiment is based on the coupling of triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction; the activity process of one reciprocating motion cycle generates electricity, please refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 ; since the fixed friction layer 2132 and the movable friction layer 2222 adopt different materials, the electron-capturing capacity of the fixed friction layer 2132 and the movable friction layer 2222 is different, and triboelectric charging will cause the surface of the fixed friction layer 2132 to have a negative net charge, and the surface of the movable friction layer 2222 to have a positive net charge equal to the charge density thereof, Figure 10The small balls with "+" or "-" are positive and negative net charges; since the triboelectric charges are only distributed on the surfaces of the fixed triboelectric layer 2132 and the movable triboelectric layer 2222, and the fixed triboelectric layer 2132 and the movable triboelectric layer 2222 have very good insulation performance, the charges will not leak in one reciprocating cycle of the movable triboelectric layer 2222; in the initial position, the fixed triboelectric layer 2132 is not in contact with the movable triboelectric layer 2222, and the fixed electrode layer 2131 and the movable electrode layer 2221 have almost no potential difference; once the movable triboelectric layer 2222 with positive charges starts to move and contacts the fixed triboelectric layer 2132, the fixed electrode layer 2131 and the movable electrode layer 2221 will generate a potential difference, resulting in charge separation; under the driving of the potential difference, electrons will flow from the movable electrode layer 2221 to the fixed electrode layer 2131 to offset the potential difference generated by the triboelectric charges; therefore, when the movable friction assembly 22 moves linearly and reciprocally, the charges continuously flow, and the separated charges continuously increase.

[0050] Specifically, please refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 When the farthest end of the eccentric wheel 321 from the rotating shaft is located on the left side, i.e., the movable friction assembly 22 is pushed to the leftmost side, the fixed triboelectric layer 2132 and the movable triboelectric layer 2222 are in contact, and the contact surfaces of the fixed triboelectric layer 2132 and the movable triboelectric layer 2222 form surface charges with opposite signs, as shown in Figure 10 (A); in the process of gradually rotating the eccentric wheel 321 to make the farthest end of the eccentric wheel 321 from the rotating shaft close to the middle, the fixed triboelectric layer 2132 and the movable triboelectric layer 2222 gradually separate, and due to the triboelectric effect and the electrostatic induction effect, the fixed triboelectric layer 2132 and the movable triboelectric layer 2222 will produce charge transfer; when the fixed triboelectric layer 2132 and the movable triboelectric layer 2222 separate, a small air gap is formed in the middle, and an induced potential difference is formed between the fixed electrode layer 2131 and the movable electrode layer 2221; if the fixed electrode layer 2131 and the movable electrode layer 2221 are short-circuited, the potential difference between the fixed electrode layer 2131 and the movable electrode layer 2221 will drive electrons to flow from the movable electrode layer 2221 to the fixed electrode layer 2131 when they separate, forming a reverse potential difference to balance the electrostatic field, as shown in Figure 10 (B); when the farthest end of the eccentric wheel 321 from the rotating shaft is located on the right side, i.e., the movable friction assembly 22 is pushed to the rightmost side, the fixed triboelectric layer 2132 and the movable triboelectric layer 2222 are in full contact; when the air gap in the middle of the fixed triboelectric layer 2132 and the movable triboelectric layer 2222 closes, the potential difference at the friction point disappears, and the electrons will flow back, as shown in Figure 10(C);eccentric wheel 321 continue to rotate, the eccentric wheel 321 farthest from the axis of rotation end close to the process of the intermediate fixed friction layer 2132 and the movable friction layer 2222 gradually apart, due to the contact electrification and electrostatic induction effect, fixed friction layer 2132 and movable friction layer 2222 will produce charge transfer, when the fixed friction layer 2132 and movable friction layer 2222 separation, the middle will form a small air gap, and fixed electrode layer 2131 and movable electrode layer 2221 between the formation of induced potential difference, if the fixed electrode layer 2131 and movable electrode layer 2221 short circuit, then in the separation time, the potential difference between the fixed electrode layer 2131 and movable electrode layer 2221 will drive electrons from the movable electrode layer 2221 to the fixed electrode layer 2131, form a reverse potential difference to balance the electrostatic field, such as Figure 10 (D).

[0051] The principles and implementation manners of the present application are described by using specific examples in the present application, and the above examples are only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation manners and application ranges will be changed. In conclusion, the content of the present application should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. A triboelectric nanogenerator, characterized in that: include: Shell (10); The triboelectric power generation mechanism (20) includes a fixed friction assembly (21) and a movable friction assembly (22). The fixed friction assembly (21) is fixedly mounted on the housing (10). The fixed friction assembly (21) includes a first fixed part (211) and a second fixed part (212). The first fixed part (211) and the second fixed part (212) are arranged side by side along a first direction. A fixed friction unit (213) is provided on each of the two opposite sides of the first fixed part (211) and the second fixed part (212). There is a first distance (214) between the two opposite fixed friction units (213) of the first fixed part (211) and the second fixed part (212). The movable friction assembly (22) includes a first movable part (221). The first movable part (221) is placed within the first distance (214), and a movable friction unit (222) is provided on each of the two opposite sides of the first movable part (221) in the first direction. An energy harvesting mechanism (30) includes a rotating component (31) and a transmission assembly (32). The rotating component (31) is rotatably connected to the housing (10), and the rotating component (31) is connected to the transmission assembly (32). The transmission assembly (32) is connected to the movable friction assembly (22). The rotating component (31) is used to rotate relative to the housing (10) under the action of a fluid, and can drive the transmission assembly (32) to move. The transmission assembly (32) is used to drive the movable friction assembly (22) to reciprocate linearly relative to the fixed friction assembly (21) along the first direction, so that the first movable part (221) moves within the first gap (214), and the two movable friction units (222) on the first movable part (221) can respectively contact or separate from the fixed friction units (213) on the first fixed part (211) and the second fixed part (212) to generate electricity. The energy harvesting mechanism (30) further includes a flow-through shell (33), which is disposed on the housing (10). The transmission assembly (32) includes an eccentric wheel (321), a driven block (322), and a guide component (323). The rotating component (31) is configured as an impeller, with one end of the impeller's shaft fixedly connected to the eccentric wheel (321). The driven block (322) is provided with a movable hole (324), and the eccentric wheel (321) is placed inside the movable hole (324), with the outer peripheral wall of the eccentric wheel (321) in contact with the inner wall of the movable hole (324). The movable friction assembly ( 22) The driven block (322) is fixedly connected to the guide component (323), and the guide component (323) is fixedly disposed on the flow shell (33). The movable friction assembly (22) is movably connected to the guide component (323) and can move linearly relative to the guide component (323) along the first direction. The rotating component (31) drives the eccentric wheel (321) to rotate synchronously, and the eccentric wheel (321) rotates in the movable hole (324) to push the driven block (322) and the movable friction assembly (22) to reciprocate linearly along the first direction under the guidance of the guide component (323). The triboelectric power generation mechanism (20) is configured as two, with two fixed friction components (21) fixedly disposed on the housing (10) along the first direction, and two movable friction components (22) distributed along the first direction and both connected to the energy harvesting mechanism (30); the energy harvesting mechanism (30) can drive the two movable friction components (22) to perform synchronous reciprocating linear motion along the first direction.

2. The triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed friction assembly (21) further includes a third fixing part (215), which is located on the side of the second fixing part (212) away from the first fixing part (211) along the first direction. A fixed friction unit (213) is also provided on each of the two opposite sides of the second fixing part (212) and the third fixing part (215). The two fixed friction units (213) opposite to the second fixing part (212) and the third fixing part (215) have a second distance (216). The movable friction assembly (22) further includes a second movable part (223), which is arranged side by side with the first movable part (221) along the first direction. The second movable part (223) is placed within the second distance (216). A movable friction unit (222) is provided on each of the two opposite sides of the second movable part (223) in the first direction. The energy harvesting mechanism (30) can drive the first movable part (221) and the second movable part (223) to make synchronous reciprocating linear motion along the first direction, and can make the second movable part (223) move within the second gap (216), so that the two movable friction units (222) on the second movable part (223) can respectively contact or separate from the fixed friction unit (213) on the second fixed part (212) and the third fixed part (215) to generate electricity.

3. The triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flow-through shell (33) is provided with a receiving groove (331) for accommodating the rotating component (31). The rotating component (31) is rotatably disposed in the receiving groove (331). The flow-through shell (33) has a flow-through channel (334) for the fluid to pass through. The two ends of the flow-through channel (334) are an inlet (332) and an outlet (333). The flow-through channel (334) is connected to the receiving groove (331). The fluid can enter the flow-through channel (334) and impact the rotating component (31) to make the rotating component (31) rotate in the receiving groove (331). The transmission assembly (32) and the triboelectric power generation mechanism (20) are located on the same side of the flow-through shell (33).

4. The triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide component (323) is configured as a linear bearing, and the movable friction assembly (22) further includes a movable rod (224). The movable rod (224) is fixedly connected to both the first movable part (221) and the second movable part (223). The movable rod (224) or the second movable part (223) near the driven block (322) is fixedly connected to the driven block (322). The movable rod (224) passes through the linear bearing and is slidably connected to the linear bearing. The axes of the movable rod (224) and the linear bearing are collinear and both are along the first direction.

5. The triboelectric nanogenerator according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that: Each of the fixed friction units (213) includes a fixed electrode layer (2131) and a fixed friction layer (2132). One side of the fixed electrode layer (2131) is fixedly connected to the first fixing part (211), the second fixing part (212), or the third fixing part (215), and the fixed friction layer (2132) is fixedly connected to the other side of the fixed electrode layer (2131). Each of the movable friction units (222) includes a movable electrode layer (2221) and a movable friction layer (2222). One side of the electrode layer (2221) is fixedly connected to the first movable part (221) or the second movable part (223), and the movable friction layer (2222) is fixedly connected to the other side of the movable electrode layer (2221); the fixed friction layer (2132) and the movable friction layer (2222) opposite to each other along the first direction can contact or separate and generate electricity, and the fixed electrode layer (2131) and the movable electrode layer (2221) opposite to each other along the first direction are used for electrical connection to electrical equipment or energy storage equipment.

6. The triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed friction layer (2132) and the movable friction layer (2222) have microstructures on their sides to increase the contact area.

7. The triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixed friction layer (2132) and the movable friction layer (2222) opposite each other along the first direction are made of materials with different tribological electrode sequences.

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