Double-sided cotton paper tape and related products

Abstract

The double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape comprises a tissue support having a first side and a second side, a first pressure-sensitive adhesive disposed on the first side of the tissue support, and a second pressure-sensitive adhesive disposed on the second side of the tissue support. The first pressure-sensitive adhesive and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive are each a cross-linked acrylic-based pressure-sensitive adhesive that is the same as or different from each other, and the tissue support is impregnated with the first pressure-sensitive adhesive and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive. The article comprises a first substrate and a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, wherein the first pressure-sensitive adhesive is bonded to a surface of the first substrate.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 074,850 filed on September 4, 2020 and U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 075,478 filed on September 8, 2020, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Background Art

[0003] Pressure sensitive adhesives (often referred to as PSA) and tapes comprising them can be used for a variety of purposes. Such tapes can be produced using a method comprising applying an adhesive polymer composition in a solvent or emulsion to a support and then removing the solvent or water. Solvent-free adhesives and tapes can be produced by a hot melt process or by using an adhesive composition comprising one or more acrylic monomers and a photoinitiator to irradiate with ultraviolet light. Adhesives can be formed on a variety of supports to prepare tapes. Such supports include polymer films, nonwovens and other fabrics, and paper.

[0004] USRE32249 (Esmay) describes a linerless, double-coated pressure-sensitive adhesive tape that can be transparent when a plastic film is used as a support. Chinese patent application publication number CN 109810648 published on May 28, 2019 describes a UV-cured nonwoven adhesive tape that is said to be transparent. Summary of the invention

[0005] We have found that common methods of producing tissue tapes (e.g., solvent or emulsion coating and hot melt processes) produce products that are opaque or translucent and subject to tissue splitting, wherein the adhesive does not remain bonded to the tissue when the tape is applied to a substrate and subsequently removed. Generally and advantageously, the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes disclosed herein are unexpectedly see-through, even when there is opaque tissue rather than a transparent plastic film between the two layers of adhesive. Thus, the surface of the substrate to which the tissue tape is applied can remain visible. Furthermore, in many embodiments, the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes disclosed herein are tearable tapes that advantageously do not exhibit tissue splitting issues.

[0006] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, which includes a tissue support having a first side and a second side, a first pressure-sensitive adhesive disposed on the first side of the tissue support, and a second pressure-sensitive adhesive disposed on the second side of the tissue support. The first pressure-sensitive adhesive and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive are each a cross-linked acrylic-based pressure-sensitive adhesive that is the same or different from each other, and the tissue support is impregnated with the first pressure-sensitive adhesive and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive. In some embodiments, the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape exhibits a haze of no more than 65% as determined by ASTM D-1003. In some embodiments, the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape has an area occupied by air bubbles of no more than 25% as measured by optical microscopy. In some embodiments, the first pressure-sensitive adhesive, the second pressure-sensitive adhesive, or both the first pressure-sensitive adhesive and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive are derived from a composition of a polymer prepared by partial polymerization of at least one alkyl acrylate monomer having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and the at least one alkyl acrylate monomer.

[0007] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides an article comprising a first substrate and a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape. The first pressure-sensitive adhesive is bonded to the surface of the first substrate. In some embodiments, the article comprises a second substrate, wherein the second pressure-sensitive adhesive is bonded to the surface of the second substrate. The surface of the first substrate and / or the second substrate may include at least one of a metal, glass, a polymer, a paper material, a painted surface, or a composite material.

[0008] In the present application, terms such as "one", "a kind of" and "the / said" are not intended to refer to only a single entity, but rather to general categories that include specific examples that can be used for illustration. The terms "one", "a kind of", "the" and "said" can be used interchangeably with the term "at least one (kind)". The phrases "at least one (kind) of..." and "comprising at least one (kind) of..." followed by a list refer to any one of the items in the list and any combination of two or more items in the list. Unless otherwise indicated, all numerical ranges include the end values ​​and are non-integer values ​​between the end values ​​(e.g., 1 to 5, including 1, 1.5, 2, 2.75, 3, 3.8, 4, and 5, etc.).

[0009] The terms "first" and "second" are used in the present disclosure only in their relative sense. It should be understood that, unless otherwise indicated, these terms are used only for convenience in describing one or more of the embodiments.

[0010] The term "layer" refers to any material or combination of materials on or covering a substrate.

[0011] Orientation terms such as "disposed on," "covering," and "coating" used to describe the position of various layers refer to the relative position of the layer with respect to a horizontally disposed, upwardly facing substrate. It is not intended that the substrate, layer, or article covering the substrate and layers should have any particular spatial orientation during or after manufacture.

[0012] The term "(meth)acrylic" with respect to a monomer, oligomer or polymer means a vinyl functional alkyl ester formed as the reaction product of an alcohol and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.

[0013] The term "(co)polymer" or "(co)polymerized" includes homopolymers and copolymers, as well as homopolymers and copolymers that can be formed in a miscible blend (e.g., by coextrusion or by reactions including, for example, transesterification reactions). The term "copolymer" includes random copolymers, block copolymers, graft copolymers, and star copolymers.

[0014] The term "crosslinking" refers to joining polymer chains together by covalent chemical bonds (usually via crosslinking molecules or groups) to form a polymer network. Crosslinked polymers are generally characterized by insolubility, but may be swellable in the presence of appropriate solvents.

[0015] The above summary of the present disclosure is not intended to describe each disclosed embodiment or each implementation of the present disclosure. The following description illustrates exemplary embodiments in more detail. Therefore, it should be understood that the drawings and the following description are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as undue limitations on the scope of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present disclosure can be more fully understood with reference to the following detailed description of various embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0017] Figure 1 is a side view of an embodiment of a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 2 is a side view of an embodiment of an article of the present disclosure in which a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape is adhered to two substrates;

[0019] Figure 3A and Figure 3B are optical images of Example 1 obtained using a digital microscope before and after conversion into a grayscale for calculating the area percentage of air bubbles;

[0020] Figure 4A and Figure 4B are optical images of Comparative Example C3 obtained using a digital microscope before and after conversion into grayscale for calculating the area percentage of air bubbles;

[0021] Figure 5 is an image of a cross section of Example 1 obtained by scanning electron microscopy;

[0022] Figure 6 is an image of a cross section of Comparative Example C3 obtained by scanning electron microscopy; and

[0023] Figure 7 is an image of a cross section of Comparative Example C5 obtained by scanning electron microscopy. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Figure 1 An embodiment of a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape 100 of the present disclosure is illustrated. The tape 100 includes a tissue support 120 having a first side 122 and a second side 124. A first pressure-sensitive adhesive 130 is disposed on the first side 122 of the tissue support 120. A second pressure-sensitive adhesive 140 is disposed on the second side 124 of the tissue support 120. The first pressure-sensitive adhesive 130 and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive 140 are shown as impregnating the tissue support. In the illustrated embodiment, the first pressure-sensitive adhesive 130 and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive 140 are attached to a release liner 150.

[0025] The double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the present disclosure includes a tissue paper support. The term "tissue paper support" as used herein refers to a support made of paper and / or cellulose fibers. Paper is traditionally considered to be a thin material produced by pressing wet-laid cellulose fibers from an aqueous suspension together and drying them. The fibers in paper are generally short and refined, and it is generally believed that drying them together produces a hydrogen-bonded sheet. As Russell, SJ Handbook of Nonwovens; Woodhead Publishing: Cambridge, England, 2007; Page 2, the European Disposables and Nonwovens Association (EDANA) excludes paper from the definition of nonwovens. Further according to EDANA, wet-laid nonwovens have a fiber content of more than 50% by mass consisting of fibers (excluding chemically digested plant fibers) with an aspect ratio greater than 300. Compared with nonwovens, tissue paper has a fiber content of less than 50%, 40% or 30% by weight of fibers having an aspect ratio greater than 300. In other words, tissue paper has a fiber content of more than 50%, 60% or 70% by weight of fibers having an aspect ratio less than 300. The fiber length to diameter ratio can be measured by TAPPI T401 fiber analysis of the tissue paper support as manufactured before any one of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive or the second pressure-sensitive adhesive is arranged on the first or second side. The fiber length to diameter ratio can also be measured using a calibrated eyepiece or ruler with a microscope or stereoscope. In addition, the definition of tissue paper does not include woven, knitted, tufted and stitched materials and materials felted by wet grinding. In some embodiments, the tissue paper support in the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the present disclosure is not engineered to a structural integrity level by physical and / or chemical means other than hydrogen bonding.

[0026] The tissue support that can be used for the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the present disclosure can have a variety of basis weights. In some embodiments, the tissue support has a basis weight in the range of 7 g / m2 to 26 g / m2 corresponding to 4.3 lbs / ream to 16 lbs / ream. In some embodiments, the tissue support has a basis weight in the range of 10 g / m2 to 26 g / m2, 10 g / m2 to 20 g / m2, 7 g / m2 to 20 g / m2, or 8 g / m2 to 16 g / m2. These values ​​are the basis weights of the tissue support initially manufactured before any one of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive or the second pressure-sensitive adhesive is disposed on the first side or the second side.

[0027] As mentioned above, the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the present disclosure has the desired optical properties different from the tissue itself. A measurable optical property as a useful indicator of the beneficial properties of the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape is haze. Haze is the ratio of diffuse transmittance to total transmittance, wherein diffuse transmittance is measured when a direct beam enters a light trap and therefore does not contribute to the measured value. In some embodiments, the tissue support exhibits at least 80%, 85% or 90% haze. These values ​​represent the haze of the tissue support initially manufactured before any one of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive or the second pressure-sensitive adhesive is arranged on the first or second surface. The BYK-Gardner Hazegard instrument that meets ASTM D-1003 "(Standard Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent Plastics)" is used to measure haze.

[0028] The double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the present disclosure includes a first pressure-sensitive adhesive and a second pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA). The first pressure-sensitive adhesive and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive are each a cross-linked acrylic-based pressure-sensitive adhesive that is the same as or different from each other. In some embodiments, the first PSA and the second PSA are the same PSA. In some embodiments, the first PSA and the second PSA are different PSAs.

[0029] It is well known to those skilled in the art that PSAs have properties including: (1) strong and lasting adhesion, (2) adhesion with no more than finger pressure, (3) sufficient ability to remain on an adherend, and, typically, (4) sufficient cohesive strength to be cleanly removed from the adherend. Materials that have been found to work well as PSAs are polymers that are designed and formulated to exhibit the desired viscoelastic properties to achieve a desired balance of adhesion, peel adhesion, and shear holding power. One method that can be used to identify pressure-sensitive adhesives is the Dahlquist criterion. As described in Handbook of Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Technology, Donatas Satas, ed., 2nd ed., p. 172, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York (NY), 1989, the criterion defines a pressure-sensitive adhesive as one having a pressure of greater than 3×10 -6 cm 2Alternatively, since modulus is roughly the inverse of creep compliance, a pressure sensitive adhesive may be defined as having a storage modulus of less than about 3×10 5 N / m 2 Adhesive.

[0030] As used herein, the term "acrylic" or "acrylate" includes compounds having at least one of an acrylic or methacrylic group. Useful acrylic PSAs can be made, for example, by combining at least two different monomers (i.e., a first monomer and a second monomer). Examples of suitable first monomers include those represented by the following Formula I:

[0031] CH2=C(R')COOR (I)

[0032] Wherein R 'is hydrogen or methyl, and R is an alkyl group having 4 to 18 carbon atoms, which alkyl group may be linear, branched, cyclic or polycyclic. Examples of suitable first monomers represented by formula I include n-butyl acrylate, sec-butyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, n-pentyl acrylate, isopentyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, heptyl acrylate, isopentyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, 2-octyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, n-nonyl acrylate, isononyl acrylate, n-decyl acrylate, isodecyl acrylate, n-dodecyl acrylate, isotetradecyl acrylate, n-tridecyl acrylate, n-tetradecyl acrylate, octadecyl acrylate, isooctadecyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, 2-methylbutyl acrylate, 4-methyl-2-pentyl acrylate, methacrylates of the aforementioned acrylates, and combinations thereof. Suitable first monomers also include mixtures of at least two or at least three structural isomers of secondary alkyl (meth)acrylates of formula (II):

[0033]

[0034] Where R 1 and R 2 Each independently is C1 to C 30 Saturated linear alkyl group; R 1 and R 2 The sum of the number of carbon atoms in is 7 to 31, and R 3 is H or CH3; in some embodiments, R 1 and R 2 The sum of the number of carbons in can be 7 to 27, 7 to 25, 7 to 21, 7 to 17, 7 to 11, or 7. Methods for making and using such monomers and monomer mixtures are described in US Pat. No. 9,102,774 (Clapper et al.).

[0035] Examples of suitable second monomers that can be used to prepare acrylic PSA include acrylic acid (e.g., acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, and fumaric acid), acrylamide (e.g., acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-ethylacrylamide, N-hydroxyethylacrylamide, N-octylacrylamide, N-tert-butylacrylamide, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, N,N-diethylacrylamide, N-ethyl-N-dihydroxyethylacrylamide, and methacrylamides of the foregoing acrylamides), hydroxy or amino substituted acrylates (e.g., 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 6-hydroxyhexyl acrylate, 8-hydroxyoctyl acrylate, 10-hydroxydecyl acrylate, 12-hydroxylauryl acrylate, (4-hydroxymethylcyclohexyl)methyl acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, tert-butylamino acrylate,

[0063] The invention also includes vinyl ethers, vinyl esters (vinyl acetate, vinyl benzoate, vinyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate, vinyl cinnamate, vinyl decanoate, vinyl neodecanoate, vinyl neononanoate, vinyl neopentanoate, vinyl propionate, vinyl stearate and vinyl valerate), allyl ethers, styrene monomers (e.g., 4-tert-butoxystyrene, 4-(tert-butyl)styrene, 4-chloromethylstyrene, chloromethylstyrene, 3-chlorostyrene, 2-(diethylamino)ethylstyrene, 2-methylstyrene, 4-methylstyrene, 4-nitrostyrene and 4-vinylbenzoic acid), maleates and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the first PSA or the second PSA includes pendant carboxylic acid groups incorporated into the PSA by incorporating, for example, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, or fumaric acid when preparing the PSA.

[0036] Crosslinked acrylic PSA can be prepared, for example, by incorporating one or more multifunctional crosslinking monomers into the formulation. Suitable multifunctional monomers include diacrylic acid esters of glycols, such as ethylene glycol diacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, propylene glycol diacrylate, butane diol diacrylate, butane-1,3-diyl diacrylate, pentanediol diacrylate, hexanediol diacrylate (including 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate), heptanediol diacrylate, octanediol diacrylate, nonanediol diacrylate, decanediol diacrylate, dimethacrylate of any of the aforementioned diacrylates, and combinations thereof. Further suitable multifunctional monomers include polyacrylates of polyols, such as glycerol triacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, dipentaerythritol tetraacrylate, and combinations thereof. Further suitable multifunctional crosslinking monomers include multifunctional acrylate oligomers comprising two or more acrylate groups. The multifunctional acrylate oligomer may be a urethane acrylate oligomer, an epoxy acrylate oligomer, a polyester acrylate, a polyether acrylate, a polyacrylic acid acrylate, a methacrylate of any of the foregoing acrylates, or a combination thereof.

[0037] Typically, the first monomer is used in an amount of 80% to 100% by weight based on the total weight of the monomer for preparing an acrylic polymer, and the second monomer as described above is used in an amount of 0% to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the monomer for preparing an acrylic polymer. In some embodiments, the first monomer is used in an amount of at least 90%, 92%, 95%, 97%, 98% or 99% by weight based on the total weight of the monomer, and the second monomer is used in an amount of at most 10%, 8%, 5%, 3%, 2% or 1% by weight based on the total weight of the monomer. When present, the multifunctional crosslinking monomer can be used in an amount of 0.002% to 2% by weight based on the combined weight of the monomer, such as from about 0.01% to about 0.5% by weight or from about 0.05% to 0.15% by weight.

[0038] The cross-linked acrylic-based PSAs useful for the double-sided PSA tapes of the present disclosure can be prepared, for example, by a solvent-free free radical polymerization process (such as using heat, electron beam radiation, or ultraviolet radiation). Such polymerization is usually promoted by a polymerization initiator (e.g., a photoinitiator or a thermal initiator).

[0039] In some embodiments of the double-sided PSA tape of the present disclosure, at least one of the first PSA or the second PSA is derived from a composition comprising a monomer including at least one alkyl acrylate monomer having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and a polymer prepared by partial polymerization of the at least one alkyl acrylate monomer. The composition is a solution of a polymer in at least one monomer, and can be, for example, about 3% to 15% polymerized. In some embodiments, the composition comprises at least 75% by weight, 80% by weight, 85% by weight, 90% by weight, or 95% by weight of monomers based on the total weight of the composition. The at least one alkyl acrylate can be any of the above-mentioned first monomers having 4 to 18, 4 to 16, 4 to 12, 6 to 12, or 8 to 12 carbon atoms, and can be present in any of the above-mentioned amounts. In some embodiments, the at least one alkyl acrylate is linear or branched. In some embodiments, the composition also comprises at least one second monomer of the above-mentioned second monomer in any of the above-mentioned amounts. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises at least one of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, N-substituted acrylamide, hydroxyalkyl acrylate, N-vinyl caprolactam, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, maleic anhydride or itaconic acid. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises a crosslinking agent and a photoinitiator. The crosslinking agent can be, for example, any of the above-mentioned multifunctional crosslinking monomers in any of the above-mentioned amounts. In some embodiments, the composition is exposed to ultraviolet radiation to provide at least one of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive or the second pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0040] Useful solventless polymerization methods are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,379,201 (Heilmann et al.). Initially, a mixture of the first and second monomers may be polymerized with a portion of the photoinitiator by exposing the mixture to UV radiation in an inert environment for a time sufficient to form a coatable base syrup, and then adding a crosslinker and the remainder of the photoinitiator. This final syrup containing a crosslinker (e.g., which may have a Brookfield viscosity of about 500 centipoise (cps) to about 10,000 cps at 23° C., about 100 cps to about 6000 cps at 23° C., or about 5000 cps to about 7500 cps at 23° C., as measured with a No. 4 LTV spindle at 60 rpm) may then be coated onto a substrate. After the syrup is coated onto a substrate, further polymerization and crosslinking may be performed in an inert environment (e.g., nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium, and argon, excluding oxygen). A sufficiently inert atmosphere can be achieved by covering a layer of the photosensitive paste with a polymer film, such as a silicone-treated PET film that is transparent to UV radiation or electron beams, and shining through the film in air.

[0041] A composition comprising monomers containing at least one alkyl acrylate monomer having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and a polymer prepared by partial polymerization of the at least one alkyl acrylate monomer may be applied to the first and second surfaces of a tissue support using a variety of methods (e.g., dipping, spraying, brushing, roller coating, rod coating). In some embodiments, the composition may be applied to a liner using a notched bar having a gap setting for providing a desired thickness above the liner, followed by feeding the tissue support in the composition. A second composition, the same or different, may be applied on top of the tissue support, and another liner may be added to maintain a gap of the desired thickness for the second composition.

[0042] Any suitable photoinitiator can be used in a composition comprising at least one alkyl acrylate monomer having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and a polymer prepared by partial polymerization of the at least one alkyl acrylate monomer. Suitable photoinitiators include type I or type II photoinitiators. Suitable photoinitiators may include acetophenone, benzilketal, alkylaminoacetophenone, benzoylphosphine oxide, benzoin ether, benzophenone and benzoylformate. In some embodiments, the free radical photoinitiator is a type I (cleavage type) photoinitiator. Cleavage type photoinitiators include acetophenone, α-aminoalkylphenone, benzoin ether, benzoyl oxime, acylphosphine oxide and bisacylphosphine oxide and mixtures thereof. Examples of useful photoinitiators include benzoin ethers (e.g., benzoin methyl ether or benzoin butyl ether), substituted acetophenones (e.g., 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone, or 4-diethylaminoacetophenone); 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone; 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-4'-morpholinobutylphenone; 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone, and acylphosphonate derivatives (e.g., phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, diphenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphine oxide, isopropoxyphenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphine oxide, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphenylethoxyphosphine oxide, or dimethylpivaloylphosphonate). Many photoinitiators are available, for example, under the trade name "IRGACURE" from BASF, Vandalia, Ill, and under the trade names "OMNIRAD" and "ESACURE" from IGM Resins, Waalwijk, Netherlands. The photoinitiator can be selected, for example, based on the desired curing wavelength and compatibility with the composition. Any of these photoinitiators can also be used, for example, to prepare a composition comprising at least one alkyl acrylate monomer having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and a polymer prepared by partial polymerization of the at least one alkyl acrylate monomer. Two or more of any of these photoinitiators can also be used together in any combination.

[0043] The photoinitiator may be used in any amount effective to promote polymerization of the monomers (eg, 0.1 wt % to about 5.0 wt % or 0.2 wt % to about 1.0 wt % based on the total weight of the monomers used to prepare the acrylic polymer).

[0044] In some embodiments, the composition comprising at least one alkyl acrylate monomer having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and a polymer prepared by partial polymerization of the at least one alkyl acrylate monomer comprises a photocrosslinker. Examples of suitable photocrosslinkers include ethylenically unsaturated compounds capable of abstracting hydrogen in an excited state (e.g., acrylated benzophenones, such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,737,559 (Kellen et al.)); Company, Exton, PA); monomers described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,073,611 (Rehmer et al.), including p-N-(methacryloyl-4-oxopentamethylene)-carbamoyloxybenzophenone, N-(benzoyl-p-phenylene)-N'-(methacryloyloxymethylene)-carbodiimide and p-acryloyloxybenzophenone) and p-acryloyloxyethoxybenzophenone; monofunctional benzophenones (including benzophenone, 4-phenylbenzophenone, 4-methoxybenzophenone, Benzophenone, 4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone, 4,4'-dimethylbenzophenone, 4-methylbenzophenone, 4-(2-hydroxyethylthio)benzophenone and 4-(4-tolylthio)benzophenone), multifunctional benzophenones (including carboxymethoxybenzophenone and diesters of polytetramethylene glycol 250); anthraquinone photocrosslinking agents (including anthraquinone, 2-methylanthraquinone, 2-tert-butylanthraquinone, 2-ethylanthraquinone, 2-phenylanthraquinone, 1,4-dimethylanthraquinone, 2,3-dimethylanthraquinone, 1,2-dimethylanthraquinone, 1-methoxy-2-methylanthraquinone , 2-acetyl anthraquinone and 2,6-di-tert-butyl anthraquinone); thioxanthone photocrosslinking agents (including thioxanthone, 2-isopropyl thioxanthone, 2-chloro thioxanthone, 2-dodecyl thioxanthone, 1-methoxycarbonyl thioxanthone, 2-ethoxycarbonyl thioxanthone, 3-(2-methoxyethoxycarbonyl)-thioxanthone, 4-butoxycarbonyl thioxanthone, 3-butoxycarbonyl 7-methyl thioxanthone, 1-cyano-3-chloro thioxanthone, 1-ethoxycarbonyl-3-chloro thioxanthone, 1-ethoxycarbonyl-3-ethoxy thioxanthone, 1-ethoxycarbonyl-3-amino thioxanthone, 1-ethoxycarbonyl 2-Methyl-3-thioxanthone, 2-methyl-6-(1,1-dimethoxybenzyl)-thioxanthone, 2-morpholinylmethylthioxanthone, 2-methyl-6-(1,1-dimethoxybenzyl)-thioxanthone, N-propenylthioxanthone-3,4-dicarboximide, N-octylthioxanthone-3,4-dicarboximide, N-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-thioxanthone-3,4-dicarboximide, 6-ethoxycarbonyl-2-methoxythioxanthone);and 6-ethoxycarbonyl-2-methylthioxanthone) halomethyl-1,3,5-triazine (e.g., 2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-6-(4-methoxy)phenyl)-s-triazine; 2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-6-(3,4-dimethoxy)phenyl)-s-triazine; 2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-6-(3,4,5-trimethoxy)phenyl)-s-triazine; 2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-6-(2,4-dimethoxy)phenyl)-s-triazine; 2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-6-(3-methoxy)phenyl)-s-triazine, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,330,590 (Vesley); 2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-6-naphthyl-s-triazine and 2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-6-(4-methoxy)naphthyl-s-triazine, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,329,384 (Vesley). The photocrosslinker can be present in any useful amount, including in an amount of 0.001 wt % to 10 wt %, 0.001 wt % to 5 wt %, 0.001 wt % to 2 wt %, 0.001 wt % to 1 wt %, 0.001 wt % to 0.5 wt %, or 0.001 wt % to 0.1 wt % based on the total weight of the composition. ;

[0045] Depending on the photoinitiator or photocrosslinker used, the composition can be exposed to radiation having a wavelength of about 250 nm to about 500 nm, about 250 nm to about 450 nm, about 250 nm to about 400 nm, or about 280 nm to about 400 nm. Any suitable light source can be used, including a broadband light source (e.g., a fluorescent UV bulb, a mercury lamp, or an incandescent lamp) or a narrowband light source (e.g., an LED or a laser).

[0046] In some embodiments, at least one of the first PSA or the second PSA comprises a tackifier, which can be used to increase the tackiness of the surface of the PSA. In some embodiments, both the first PSA and the second PSA comprise a tackifier, which can be the same tackifier or different tackifiers. In some embodiments, neither the first PSA nor the second PSA comprises a tackifier.

[0047] Useful tackifiers have a number average molecular weight of up to 10,000 g / mole, a softening point of at least 70° C. (as determined using a ring and ball apparatus), and a glass transition temperature of at least −30° C. (as determined by differential scanning calorimetry). Useful tackifiers are generally amorphous. In some embodiments, the tackifier is miscible with the acrylic polymer of the PSA such that macroscopic phase separation does not occur in the PSA. In some embodiments, the PSA also does not microscopic phase separation. In some embodiments, the tackifier comprises at least one of rosin, rosin esters, esters of hydrogenated rosin, polyterpenes (e.g., those based on α-pinene, β-pinene, or limonene), aliphatic hydrocarbon resins (e.g., those based on cis- or trans-piperylene, isoprene, 2-methyl-but-2-ene, cyclopentadiene, dicyclopentadiene, or combinations thereof), aromatic resins (e.g., based on styrene, α-methylstyrene, methylindene, indene, coumarone, or combinations thereof), or mixed aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon resins. Any of these tackifying resins may be hydrogenated (e.g., partially or fully). Examples of suitable tackifiers include those available from Eastman, Middelburg, NL, under the trade designation "FORAL 85E" (glycerol ester of highly hydrogenated refined gum rosin), from Pinova, Brunswick, GA, under the trade designation "FORAL 3085" (glycerol ester of highly hydrogenated refined wood rosin); from ExxonMobil Corp., Houston, TX, under the trade designation "ESCOREZ 2520" and "ESCORIZ 5615" (aliphatic / aromatic hydrocarbon resins); and from Eastman, Kingsport, Tennessee, under the trade designation "REGALITE 7100" (partially hydrogenated hydrocarbon resin).

[0048] In some embodiments, at least one of the first PSA or the second PSA comprises at least about 1 wt % and up to about 50 wt % of a tackifier based on the total weight of the PSA. In some embodiments, the tackifier is present in a range of 1 wt % to 25 wt %, 2 wt % to 20 wt %, 2 wt % to 15 wt %, 1 wt % to 10 wt %, or 3 wt % to 10 wt %, based on the total weight of the PSA.

[0049] Plasticizers may be added, for example, to reduce the vitrification of the cured composition. Suitable plasticizers include various polyalkylene oxides (e.g., polyethylene oxide or propylene oxide), adipates, formates, phosphates, benzoates, phthalates, polyisobutylenes, polyolefins and sulfonamides, naphthenic oils, plasticizing aids (such as those described as plasticizers in Dictionary of Rubber, KF Heinisch, page 359, John Wiley & Sons, New York (1974)), oils, elastomeric oligomers and waxes. The amount of plasticizer employed (if employed) will depend on the nature of the plasticizer and the compatibility of the plasticizer with the PSA.

[0050] In some embodiments, at least one of the first PSA or the second PSA is substantially free of solvent. Commonly used organic solvents include aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons (e.g., hexane, heptane and cyclohexane), hydrocarbon solvents (e.g., benzene, toluene, xylene and d-limonene); non-cyclic and cyclic ketones (e.g., acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone, pentanone, hexanone, cyclopentanone and cyclohexanone); ethers (e.g., ethyl ether, glycol dimethyl ether, diglyme, diisopropyl ether and tetrahydrofuran), esters (e.g., ethyl acetate and butyl acetate), sulfoxides (e.g., dimethyl sulfoxide), amides (e.g., N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone), halogenated solvents (e.g., methyl chloroform, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, trichloroethylene and trifluorotoluene), and alcohol solvents (e.g., methanol, ethanol, or propanols such as (isopropanol)). The first PSA or the second PSA or both the first PSA and the second PSA may be substantially free of any of these solvents. The term "substantially free" means that at least one of the first PSA or the second PSA may contain up to 0.5 wt%, 0.1 wt%, 0.05 wt%, or 0.01 wt% of any of these solvents, or may be free of any of these solvents. These percentages are based on the total weight of the first PSA or the second PSA.

[0051] Many additives may also be used in at least one of the first PSA or the second PSA. Examples of such additives include antioxidants such as hindered phenols, amines, and sulfur and phosphorus hydroperoxide decomposers; inorganic fillers such as talc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, and silicon dioxide; pigments; dyes; stabilizers (e.g., ultraviolet absorbers, hindered amine light stabilizers, and heat stabilizers); flame retardants, and viscosity modifiers. The amounts of these substances may be selected so as not to interfere with the impregnation of the tissue support by the first and second PSA.

[0052] Depending on the amount of any of the above-mentioned tackifiers, plasticizers, and additives, in some embodiments, at least one of the first PSA or the second PSA may contain at least 50 wt%, 60 wt%, 70 wt%, 80 wt%, 90 wt%, 95 wt%, 98 wt%, or 99 wt% of the acrylic polymer described above in any of its embodiments.

[0053] The first PSA and the second PSA that can be used for the double-sided PSA tape of the present disclosure can suitably have various thicknesses, in some embodiments, 0.001 inch to 0.1 inch (about 0.0254 millimeter (mm) to 2.54mm) thickness. In some embodiments, the first PSA and / or the second PSA have a thickness of 0.002 inch to 0.025 inch (about 0.0508mm to 0.635mm) or a thickness of 0.002 inch to 0.02 inch (about 0.0508mm to 0.508mm). In some embodiments, the first PSA and / or the second PSA have a thickness of 0.001 inch to 0.01 inch (about 0.0254mm to 0.254mm). In some of these embodiments, the first PSA and / or the second PSA are continuous layers. The term "continuous" as used herein means having an uninterrupted extension along a two-dimensional surface.

[0054] In some embodiments of the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the present disclosure, the tissue support is impregnated with the first PSA and the second PSA. As used herein, the term "impregnated" refers to at least one of the first PSA or the second PSA being present over the entire thickness of the tissue. However, it should be understood that there may be defects such that a localized area of ​​the tissue support may not be fully penetrated, and the tissue support is still considered to be impregnated. Evidence that the first PSA and the second PSA impregnate the tissue support can be provided by a variety of observations. In some embodiments, evidence that the first PSA and the second PSA impregnate the tissue support includes that the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape exhibits a haze of no more than 65% as determined by ASTM D-1003. In some embodiments, evidence that the first PSA and the second PSA impregnate the tissue support includes that the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape has an area occupied by air bubbles of no more than 25% as measured by optical microscopy. In some embodiments, evidence of impregnation of the tissue support by the first PSA and the second PSA includes no or almost no continuous layer of tissue support observable in a cross-section of the tape by scanning electron microscopy at 100 times magnification. The word "continuous" with respect to the layer means distinct tissue layers extending from left to right over the entire length of the cross-section. In some embodiments, there is interlayer intermixing between the first PSA and the second PSA within the tissue support. Advantageously, the tissue support impregnated with the PSA can allow the adhesive to remain bonded to the tissue support when the tape is applied to a substrate and subsequently removed.

[0055] In some embodiments, the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape exhibits a haze of no more than 65% as determined by ASTM D-1003. As described above, haze is the ratio of diffuse transmittance to total transmittance, where diffuse transmittance is measured with a direct beam entering a light trap and therefore not contributing to the measurement, and is measured using a BYK-Gardner Hazegard instrument that complies with ASTM D-1003 "Standard Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent Plastics". In some embodiments, the double-sided PSA tape exhibits a haze of no more than 64%, 63%, 62%, 61%, or 60%.

[0056] In some embodiments, the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape has an area occupied by air bubbles of no more than 25%, 20%, 15% or 10% as measured by optical microscopy. The method described in the following examples is used to measure the percentage of air bubbles by optical microscopy. As shown in the following examples, it is observed that the sample (Example 1 and Example 2) with a lower bubble area percentage has a significantly lower haze and higher transmission than the sample (Comparative Examples C1-C6) with a higher bubble area percentage. In general, the interface between different materials (for example, the surface of the bubble in the adhesive) reflects a portion of the incident light. The reflected intensity increases with the difference in the refractive index on either side of the interface. When light is incident at an angle (that is, not vertical) to the interface, the part of the light transmitted through the interface will deviate according to Snell's law. The larger the refractive index ratio of the material on either side of the interface, the larger this deviation is. Therefore, the effect of the air (or some other gas) bubble in the solid substrate (for example, adhesive layer) is to reflect some light back to the path it arrives, thereby reducing transmission and changing the direction of the light transmitted through the bubble, thereby increasing haze. The higher the percentage of area with air bubbles, the higher the haze and the lower the transmission. Thus, the high transmission and low haze of Examples 1 and 2 are related to the low percentage of area with air bubbles.

[0057] As shown in the examples below, double-sided tissue paper tapes prepared from hot melt adhesives or solvent-based adhesives do not have adhesive impregnating the tissue support. This is evidenced by the higher haze observed in the hot melt or solvent-based PSA coated on the tissue support (e.g., at least 69%, 70%, 75%, or 80% haze) and / or by the higher percentage of area occupied by air bubbles as demonstrated by optical microscopy (e.g., air bubbles occupy at least 40%, 50%, 60%, or 70% area). In addition, as shown by scanning electron microscopy, double-sided tissue paper tapes produced with solvent-based adhesives (e.g., double-sided tissue paper tapes produced with solvent-based adhesives) do not have adhesive impregnating the tissue support. Figure 7 ) and double-sided tissue paper tape produced with hot melt adhesive (by Figure 6 The image of Comparative Example 3 in FIG. 1 shows a distinct tissue layer between the two layers of adhesive. It has been observed in these comparative tissue tapes that this weak tissue layer often splits when the tissue tape is removed from the surface. Impregnation of the tissue support with the first and second PSA in the double-sided tissue tape disclosed herein is expected to minimize tissue splitting.

[0058] In some embodiments, the tape of the present disclosure includes a release liner. Various release liners can be used. In some embodiments, the release liner includes at least one of a polyester film, a polyethylene film, a polypropylene film, a polymer film coated with a polyolefin, a paper coated with a polyolefin, a polymer film coated with an acrylic resin, and a kraft paper coated with a polymer. The film or paper coated with a polyolefin may be a film or paper coated with a polyethylene. Again, refer to Figure 1 , the present disclosure provides a tape 100 including a first PSA and a second PSA 130, 140 attached to a release liner 150. For example, the liner may be useful when the tape is wound into a roll. In some embodiments, the release liner 150 is coated on at least one of the major surfaces having a release coating. In some embodiments, both major surfaces of the release liner 150 are coated with a release coating. In this case, the release coating on each of the major surfaces of the release liner 150 may be the same or different. Examples of materials that can be used as a release coating for the release liner disclosed herein include acrylic resins, silicones, siloxanes, fluoropolymers, and urethanes. In some embodiments, the silicone coating can be used to facilitate the release of the pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0059] Release liners can be prepared using a variety of processing techniques. For example, liner processing techniques such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent Application 2013 / 0059105 (Wright et al.) can be used to prepare release liners suitable for practicing the present disclosure. A suitable liner processing technique may include the steps of applying a layer comprising a (meth)acrylate functional siloxane to a major surface of a substrate; and irradiating the layer with a short wavelength polychromatic ultraviolet light source having at least one peak intensity at a wavelength of about 160 nanometers to about 240 nanometers in a substantially inert atmosphere comprising no more than 500 ppm oxygen. The irradiation can at least partially cure the layer. In some embodiments, the layer is cured at a curing temperature greater than 25°C. The layer may be at a temperature of at least 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 90°C, 100°C, 125°C or at least 150°C, and in some embodiments, not exceeding 250°C, 225°C, 200°C, 190°C, 180°C, 170°C, 160°C or 155°C.

[0060] The present disclosure provides an article, the article comprising a first substrate and a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape as described above in any one of its embodiments, wherein the first pressure-sensitive adhesive is bonded to the surface of the first substrate. In some embodiments, the article further comprises a second substrate, wherein the second pressure-sensitive adhesive is bonded to the surface of the second substrate. Figure 2An embodiment of an article 200 of the present disclosure is shown. The article includes a double-sided PSA tape having a tissue support 220 having a first side 222 and a second side 224. A first PSA 230 is disposed on the first side 222 of the tissue support 220. A second PSA 240 is disposed on the second side 224 of the tissue support 220. In the illustrated embodiment, the first PSA 230 is bonded to a surface of a first substrate 260, and the second PSA 240 is bonded to a surface of a second substrate 270.

[0061] The surface of the first substrate 260 and the second substrate 270 can be any desired material. In some embodiments, at least one of the surface of the first substrate or the surface of the second substrate includes at least one of metal, glass, polymer, paper, painted surface or composite material. The material of the surface of the first substrate and the second substrate can be found in the entire substrate, or the surface can include a material different from the substrate body. In some embodiments, the surface of the first substrate and / or the second substrate includes at least one of metal (e.g., steel, stainless steel or aluminum), glass (e.g., it can be coated with indium tin oxide), polymer (e.g., plastic, rubber, thermoplastic elastomer or thermosetting material), paper, painted surface or composite material. Composite materials can be made of any two or more constituent materials with different physical or chemical properties. When the components are combined to prepare a composite material, a material having properties different from those of a single component is generally obtained. Some examples of useful composite materials include fiber-reinforced polymers (e.g., carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy resins and glass-reinforced plastics); metal matrix compositions and ceramic matrix composite materials. The surface of at least one of the first substrate or the second substrate may include a polymer such as a polyolefin (e.g., polypropylene, polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, polypropylene blends), polyamide 6 (PA6), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polycarbonate (PC), PC / ABS blends, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamide (PA), polyurethane (PUR), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), polyoxymethylene (POM), polystyrene, poly(methyl) methacrylate (PMMA), and combinations thereof. The surface of at least one of the first substrate or the second substrate may also include a metal coating on such a polymer. In some embodiments, at least one of the first substrate or the second substrate includes a transparent material such as glass or a polymer (e.g., acrylic or polycarbonate).

[0062] The double-sided PSA tape and articles disclosed herein can be used in a variety of applications. For example, the double-sided PSA tape can be used for graphic attachment (e.g., trademarks or information graphics) and plastic assembly. Examples of substrate surfaces that can be used for graphic attachment include polypropylene, ABS, PC, aluminum, steel, and painted surfaces. Graphic films can be made of, for example, PUR or PVC. The double-sided PSA tape of the present disclosure can also be used to bond dissimilar materials together. In some of these embodiments, the first substrate includes metal, and the second substrate includes rubber or plastic. In some embodiments, the first substrate and the second substrate are dissimilar plastics. The double-sided PSA tape of the present disclosure can also be used for foam lamination, wherein the first substrate or the second substrate is foam (e.g., polymer foam, such as polyurethane, EPDM, and polyethylene foam). The double-sided PSA tape of the present disclosure can also be used for packaging, wherein the first substrate or the second substrate is paper (e.g., paper coated with a polymer) or paperboard.

[0063] The double-sided PSA tape of the present disclosure can have a variety of widths. Useful widths can include a width between 0.25 inches (0.635 cm) and 85 inches (216 cm). In some embodiments, the width of the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape is at least 2.5 cm. In some embodiments, the width of the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape is at least 5 cm. In some embodiments, the width of the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape is at most 75 cm (29.5 inches), 45 cm (17.7 inches), 30.5 cm (12 inches) or 10 cm (3.9 inches).

[0064] Some embodiments of the present disclosure

[0065] In a first embodiment, the present disclosure provides a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape comprising:

[0066] A tissue paper support having a first surface and a second surface;

[0067] a first pressure sensitive adhesive disposed on the first side of the tissue support; and

[0068] a second pressure-sensitive adhesive disposed on the second side of the tissue support,

[0069] wherein the first pressure-sensitive adhesive and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive are each a cross-linked acrylic-based pressure-sensitive adhesive that is the same as or different from each other, and wherein the tissue support is impregnated with the first pressure-sensitive adhesive and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0070] In a second embodiment, the present disclosure provides the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the first embodiment, wherein the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape exhibits a haze of no greater than 65% as measured by ASTM D-1003.

[0071] In a third embodiment, the present disclosure provides the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, wherein the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape has no more than 25% of its area occupied by air bubbles as measured by optical microscopy.

[0072] In a fourth embodiment, the present disclosure provides a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape comprising:

[0073] A tissue paper support having a first surface and a second surface;

[0074] a first pressure sensitive adhesive disposed on the first side of the tissue support; and

[0075] a second pressure-sensitive adhesive disposed on the second side of the tissue support,

[0076] wherein the first pressure sensitive adhesive and the second pressure sensitive adhesive are each a cross-linked acrylic-based pressure sensitive adhesive that is the same as or different from one another, and wherein the double-sided pressure sensitive adhesive tape exhibits a haze of no more than 65% as measured by ASTM D-1003.

[0077] In a fifth embodiment, the present disclosure provides the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the fourth embodiment, wherein the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape has no more than 25% of its area occupied by air bubbles as measured by optical microscopy.

[0078] In a sixth embodiment, the present disclosure provides a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape comprising:

[0079] A tissue paper support having a first surface and a second surface;

[0080] a first pressure sensitive adhesive disposed on the first side of the tissue support; and

[0081] a second pressure-sensitive adhesive disposed on the second side of the tissue support,

[0082] wherein the first pressure sensitive adhesive and the second pressure sensitive adhesive are each a cross-linked acrylic-based pressure sensitive adhesive that is the same as or different from one another, and wherein the double-sided pressure sensitive adhesive tape has no more than 25% of its area occupied by air bubbles as measured by optical microscopy.

[0083] In a seventh embodiment, the present disclosure provides a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of any one of the first to sixth embodiments, wherein at least one of the first PSA or the second PSA is derived from a composition comprising:

[0084] one or more monomers comprising at least one alkyl acrylate monomer having from 4 to 18 carbon atoms; and

[0085] A polymer prepared by partial polymerization of the at least one alkyl acrylate monomer.

[0086] In an eighth embodiment, the present disclosure provides a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape comprising:

[0087] A tissue paper support having a first surface and a second surface;

[0088] a first pressure sensitive adhesive disposed on the first side of the tissue support; and

[0089] a second pressure-sensitive adhesive disposed on the second side of the tissue support,

[0090] wherein the first pressure sensitive adhesive and the second pressure sensitive adhesive are each a cross-linked acrylic-based pressure sensitive adhesive that is the same as or different from one another, and wherein at least one of the first PSA or the second PSA is derived from a composition comprising:

[0091] one or more monomers comprising at least one alkyl acrylate having from 4 to 18 carbon atoms; and

[0092] A polymer prepared by partial polymerization of the at least one alkyl acrylate.

[0093] In a ninth embodiment, the present disclosure provides the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the seventh or eighth embodiment, wherein the composition comprises at least 80 weight percent of the one or more monomers, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0094] In a tenth embodiment, the present disclosure provides the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the ninth embodiment, wherein the at least one alkyl acrylate has 4 to 16, 4 to 12, 6 to 12, or 8 to 12 carbon atoms.

[0095] In an eleventh embodiment, the present disclosure provides a tape according to any one of the seventh to tenth embodiments, wherein the composition further comprises at least one of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, N-substituted acrylamide, hydroxyalkyl acrylate, N-vinyl caprolactam, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, maleic anhydride, or itaconic acid.

[0096] In a twelfth embodiment, the present disclosure provides the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of any one of the seventh to eleventh embodiments, wherein the composition further comprises a crosslinker and a photoinitiator.

[0097] In a thirteenth embodiment, the present disclosure provides the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the twelfth embodiment, wherein the composition is exposed to ultraviolet radiation to provide at least one of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive or the second pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0098] In a fourteenth embodiment, the present disclosure provides the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of any one of the seventh to thirteenth embodiments, wherein the composition is substantially free of solvent.

[0099] In a fifteenth embodiment, the present disclosure provides the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of any one of the first to fourteenth embodiments, wherein the first pressure-sensitive adhesive and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive are the same pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0100] In a sixteenth embodiment, the present disclosure provides the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of any one of the first to fourteenth embodiments, wherein the first pressure-sensitive adhesive and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive are different pressure-sensitive adhesives.

[0101] In a seventeenth embodiment, the present disclosure provides the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of any one of the first to sixteenth embodiments, wherein at least one of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive or the second pressure-sensitive adhesive comprises a tackifier.

[0102] In an eighteenth embodiment, the present disclosure provides the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the seventeenth embodiment, wherein both the first pressure-sensitive adhesive and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive comprise a tackifier.

[0103] In a nineteenth embodiment, the present disclosure provides the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of any one of the first to sixteenth embodiments, wherein neither the first pressure-sensitive adhesive nor the second pressure-sensitive adhesive comprises a tackifier.

[0104] In a twentieth embodiment, the present disclosure provides the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of any one of the first to nineteenth embodiments, wherein at least one of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive or the second pressure-sensitive adhesive is substantially free of solvent.

[0105] In a twenty-first embodiment, the present disclosure provides the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of any one of the first to twentieth embodiments, wherein the tissue support has a basis weight in a range of 7 g / m2 to 26 g / m2, 10 g / m2 to 26 g / m2, 10 g / m2 to 20 g / m2, 7 g / m2 to 20 g / m2, or 8 g / m2 to 16 g / m2.

[0106] In a twenty-second embodiment, the present disclosure provides the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of any one of the first to twenty-first embodiments, wherein the tissue support exhibits a haze of at least 80%, 85%, or 90% as measured by ASTM D-1003.

[0107] In a twenty-third embodiment, the present disclosure provides the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of any one of the first to twenty-second embodiments, further comprising a release liner on at least one of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive or the second pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0108] In a twenty-fourth embodiment, the present invention provides an article comprising:

[0109] a first substrate; and

[0110] The double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of any one of the first embodiment to the twenty-first embodiment,

[0111] Wherein the first pressure sensitive adhesive is bonded to the surface of the first substrate.

[0112] In a twenty-fifth embodiment, the present disclosure provides the article of the twenty-fourth embodiment, wherein the surface of the first substrate comprises at least one of metal, glass, a polymer, paper, a painted surface, or a composite material.

[0113] In a twenty-sixth embodiment, the present disclosure provides the article of the twenty-fourth embodiment or the twenty-fifth embodiment, wherein the article further comprises a second substrate, and wherein the second pressure-sensitive adhesive is bonded to a surface of the second substrate.

[0114] In a twenty-seventh embodiment, the present disclosure provides the article of the twenty-sixth embodiment, wherein the surface of the second substrate comprises at least one of metal, glass, a polymer, paper, a painted surface, or a composite material.

[0115] In a twenty-eighth embodiment, the present disclosure provides the article of the twenty-sixth embodiment or the twenty-seventh embodiment, wherein the surface of the first substrate comprises at least one of polypropylene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polycarbonate, steel, aluminum, or a painted surface.

[0116] In a twenty-ninth embodiment, the present disclosure provides the article of any one of the twenty-sixth to twenty-eighth embodiments, wherein the surface of the second substrate comprises a different material than the surface of the first substrate.

[0117] In a thirtieth embodiment, the present disclosure provides the article of any one of the twenty-sixth to twenty-ninth embodiments, wherein the second substrate comprises a graphic film.

[0118] In a thirty-first embodiment, the present disclosure provides the article of any one of the twenty-sixth to twenty-ninth embodiments, wherein the second substrate comprises a foam.

[0119] In order to more fully understand the present disclosure, the following examples are listed. It should be understood that these examples are only for illustrative purposes and should not be interpreted as limiting the present disclosure in any way.

[0120] Example

[0121] Unless otherwise indicated, all parts, percentages, ratios, etc. in the examples and the remainder of this specification are by weight. Unless otherwise indicated, all other reagents are obtained from or purchased from fine chemical suppliers such as Sigma-Aldrich Company, St. Louis, Missouri, USA, or can be synthesized by known methods. The following abbreviations are used in this section: min = minute, s = second, g = gram, nm = nanometer, m = meter, centimeter = cm, mm = millimeter, μm = micrometer or micron, gsm = gram per square meter, ° C = Celsius, ° F = Fahrenheit, rpm = revolutions per minute, mJ / cm 2 = millijoules per square centimeter.

[0122] Table 1. Materials list

[0123]

[0124]

[0125] Test Methods - Optical Microscopy - Image Generation and Area Bubble Measurement

[0126] Optical images were obtained using a digital microscope (VHX-2000E digital microscope, Keyence Corporation, Itasca, IL, United States) with a VH-Z20UR lens set at 180x under reflected side illumination with a nominal field of view of 1870×1404 microns (i.e., a field of view large enough to image fiber clusters and gaps between clusters). Images were converted to grayscale and then thresholded to select bright areas (air pockets) but not fibers without air pockets. The percentage of bright areas (corresponding to air bubbles) was determined and recorded.

[0127] SEM micrograph

[0128] The cross section of the sample was prepared by cutting with a No. 10 scalpel blade while the sample was placed on a piece of dry ice. They were mounted on aluminum stubs and coated with gold / palladium sputtering. The samples were examined using a JEOL 7001F field emission scanning electron microscope (JEOL USA, Inc., 11 Dearborn Road, Peabody, MA, 11 Dearborn Road, Peabody, MA). All images are products of secondary electron imaging (SEI) for imaging the surface morphology of the sample.

[0129] Transmittance (T), haze (H) and clarity (C) measurements

[0130] Total luminous transmittance (T), haze (H), and clarity (C) were measured using a Gardner Hazegard instrument (BYK-Gardner, Geretsried, Bayern, Germany) conforming to ASTM D-1003 "Standard Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent Plastics".

[0131] Total transmittance (T) is the signal measured at the detector (off-axis in an integrating sphere), normalized by the signal without sample. Haze (H) is the ratio of diffuse transmittance to total transmittance, where diffuse transmittance is measured with the direct beam entering the light trap and therefore not contributing to the measurement. Clarity (C) is the ratio of the difference between the central beam and low-angle scatter to the difference between the central beam and the sum of low-angle scatter.

[0132] Using a white light source with a spectrum defined in the standard, bulk transmittance, haze and clarity were measured on a circular area of ​​about one inch in diameter. Three slices from each sample were measured. Two samples C1 and C2 (3M 966 and 3M 9627) were adhered to a clean glass slide for measurement. The slide was measured to have very high transmittance and clarity and very low haze, as shown in Table 8 below.

[0133] Preparation Example

[0134] Preparation of Example 1 and Example 2 - Base Slurry

[0135] The polymer slurry was prepared by charging all monomers and initiators into a gallon jar according to the recipe shown in Table 2. The mixture was stirred until the photoinitiator had dissolved and a homogenous mixture was obtained. Next, the homogenous mixture was degassed and nitrogen was introduced into the mixture through a tube inserted through the opening in the lid of the jar and vigorously bubbled for at least 5 minutes to remove any oxygen. While maintaining stirring, the mixture was exposed to UV-A light until the temperature increased by 11°C and a polymer / monomer slurry with a viscosity considered suitable for coating was formed. After UV exposure, air was introduced into the jar. The light source was an LED array with a peak emission wavelength of 365nm.

[0136] Table 2: Preparation of Example 1 and Example 2 - Base Slurry

[0137] 2EHA AA Irg 651 Temperature rise sample Batch size (g) (g) (g) (g) ℃ P1 1750 1663 87.5 0.7 11 P2 1750 1663 87.5 0.7 11

[0138] Preparation Example 3 and Preparation Example 4 - Adhesive

[0139] Preparative Examples 1 and 2 were further compounded with additional photoinitiators, crosslinkers, and tackifiers according to the formulations shown in Table 3 and were labeled as Preparative Examples 3 and 4. The final homogenous mixture was prepared by rolling the jar for at least four hours.

[0140] Table 3: Preparation Examples 3 and 4 - Adhesives

[0141]

[0142] Examples and Comparative Examples

[0143] Example 1 (EX1)

[0144] Preparation Example P3 was coated on a 2 mil (50 micron) polyester (PET) liner via a notched bar set with a gap of about 3 mils (75 microns) above the liner, followed by feeding tissue #1 in the wet adhesive. A second layer of adhesive was then coated on top of the same tissue, and another 2 mil PET (50 micron) liner was fed to maintain a gap of about 3 mils (75 microns) above the second layer of adhesive.

[0145] The entire laminate was then exposed to approximately 600 mJoule / cm2 of light using multiple LED lamps with a peak emission wavelength of 365 nm. 2 Total UV-A energy. UV radiation is applied through both sides of the PET liner. A total of 600 mJ / cm 2 A double coated tissue paper tape (DCTT) was obtained between two PET liners. The two PET liners were removed and replaced with a 58# PCK liner.

[0146] Example 2 (EX2)

[0147] Example 2 was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that the tackified adhesive Preparation Example P4 having the formulation shown in Table 3 was used instead of Preparation Example P3.

[0148] Comparative Example 1-2 (C1-C2)

[0149] DCTT (C1 and C2) were prepared using a hot melt coating process. The adhesive produced by this method is described in US9695343 (Satrijo et al.). Synthesis Example 1 was modified according to Table 4 but did not contain Foral 3085 tackifier. The tackifier was added in the subsequent process described in Example 1 of US 9695343 without any fiber and coated on a silicone coated liner. The liner coated with adhesive was passed through an oven maintained at 250°F (121°C) for 42 seconds and then laminated to tissue paper, followed by UV radiation and curing as described in Example 1 of US 9695343. During the second coating operation, another layer of adhesive was applied to the second silicone coated liner, passed through an oven maintained at 250°F (121°C), cured by a UV chamber, and then laminated to the exposed tissue side of the material produced in the first coating step. One of the two liners was then removed.

[0150] Table 4: Comparative Examples 1-2 (C1-C2)

[0151]

[0152] Comparative Example 3 (C3)

[0153] Comparative Example 3 is the above-mentioned 3M 55236A.

[0154] Comparative Examples 4-6 (C4-C6)

[0155] Commercially available solvent coated DCTTs are labeled C4, C5, and C6 according to Table 5. C4 represents a DCTT produced with a non-tackified acrylic adhesive, while C5 and C6 are tackified acrylic adhesives.

[0156] Table 5: Comparative Examples 4-6 (C4-C6) - DCTT samples produced with solvent-based PSA

[0157] sample DCTT C4 3M 9988EG C5 3M 9080A C6 3M 9448A

[0158] Comparative Examples 7 and 8 (C7-C8)

[0159] Commercially available transfer tapes without tissue paper substrate used for optical comparison are labeled C7, C8 according to Table 6.

[0160] Table 6: Comparative Examples 7-8 (C7-C8) - ATT Samples

[0161] sample ATT C7 3M 966, ATT C8 3M 9627, ATT

[0162] result

[0163] Optical microscopy image generation and area bubble measurement

[0164] The images representing the DCTT produced with solvent-based adhesives and the DCTT produced with hot melt adhesives both showed significant levels of tissue and air bubbles, while Examples 1 and 2 showed very little uncoated tissue and relatively few air bubbles. The results showing the corresponding area bubble measurements are included in Table 7 below. The image of Example 1 is shown in Figure 3A and Figure 3B The image of Comparative Example C3 is shown in Figure 4A and Figure 4B middle.

[0165] Table 7: Area bubble measurements of Examples 1-2 (EX1-EX2) and Comparative Examples C1-C8 (C1-C8)

[0166]

[0167]

[0168] SEM micrograph

[0169] The images representing the DCTT produced with solvent based adhesive and the DCTT produced with hot melt adhesive show a distinct tissue layer between the two layers of adhesive. The adhesive does not impregnate the tissue. Examples 1 and 2 show almost no distinct tissue layer because the tissue is impregnated by the adhesive. An image of a representative hot melt applied PSA DCTT Comparative Example C3 is shown in Figure 6 A representative solvent applied PSA DCTT comparative example C7 image is shown in Figure 7 The image of Example 1 is Figure 5 Shown in.

[0170] Table 8: Transmission, haze and clarity measurements for various samples

[0171]

[0172] The data show that compared to DCTT prepared via solvent or hot melt coating methods (Comparative Examples C1 to C6), Examples 1 and 2 provide the highest transmittance and the lowest haze. The transmittance of Examples 1 and 2 is close to that of the pure adhesive layer, Comparative Examples C7 and C8, and even close to that of the glass slide control. The haze of Examples 1 and 2 is significantly lower than that of Comparative Examples C1 to C6. Various tissue samples, tissue #1-tissue #4 (T1-T4) were also tested and were shown to have a high level of haze significantly higher than that of Examples 1 and 2.

[0173] Various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but shall be subject to the limitations mentioned in the following claims and any equivalents thereof. The present disclosure may be implemented in an appropriate manner in the absence of any element not specifically disclosed in the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape comprising: A tissue paper support, the tissue paper support having a first surface and a second surface; a first pressure-sensitive adhesive disposed on the first side of the tissue support; and a second pressure-sensitive adhesive disposed on the second side of the tissue support, wherein the first pressure-sensitive adhesive and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive are each a cross-linked acrylic-based pressure-sensitive adhesive that is the same as or different from each other, wherein the tissue support is impregnated with the first pressure-sensitive adhesive and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive such that at least one of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive or the second pressure-sensitive adhesive is present throughout the thickness of the tissue support, and wherein at least one of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive or the second pressure-sensitive adhesive is substantially free of solvent and is derived from a slurry composition comprising: one or more monomers comprising at least one alkyl acrylate having from 4 to 18 carbon atoms; and A polymer prepared by partial polymerization of said at least one alkyl acrylate.

2. The double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape exhibits a haze of no more than 65% as measured by ASTM D-1003.

3. The double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of claim 1, wherein the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape has no more than 25% of its area occupied by air bubbles as measured by optical microscopy. 4 . The double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape according to claim 1 , wherein the syrup composition comprises at least 80 wt % of the one or more monomers based on the total weight of the syrup composition.

5. The double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein the one or more monomers further include at least one of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, N-substituted acrylamide, hydroxyalkyl acrylate, N-vinyl caprolactam, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, maleic anhydride or itaconic acid.

6. The double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of claim 1, wherein the syrup composition further comprises a crosslinker and a photoinitiator, and wherein the syrup composition is exposed to ultraviolet radiation to provide at least one of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive or the second pressure-sensitive adhesive.

7. The double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein the first pressure-sensitive adhesive and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive are the same pressure-sensitive adhesive.

8. The double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive or the second pressure-sensitive adhesive comprises a tackifier.

9. The double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of claim 1, wherein the tissue support has a basis weight in the range of 7 g / m2 to 26 g / m2.

10. The double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of claim 1, wherein the tissue support exhibits a haze of at least 80% as determined by ASTM D-1003. 11 . The double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape according to any one of claims 1 to 10 , further comprising a release liner on at least one of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive or the second pressure-sensitive adhesive.

12. A product comprising: first base; and The double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape according to any one of claims 1 to 10, The first pressure sensitive adhesive is bonded to a surface of the first substrate.

13. The article of claim 12, wherein the article further comprises a second substrate, and wherein the second pressure sensitive adhesive is bonded to a surface of the second substrate.

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