A multi-gear accelerated shell ejection device

Abstract

In order to effectively solve the problem of congestion of the cartridge in the ejection guide when the rotary gun is fired at a low rate of fire, the present invention provides a multi-gear accelerated shell ejection device, which can match the corresponding ejection speed according to the firing rate of different gears, and ensure that the ejection speed is kept at a high speed under multiple firing rates, thereby ensuring smooth ejection. The invention adopts an input shaft, a cylindrical gear, a first double gear, a second double gear and an elliptical gear to form a fixed-axis gear train, and the transmission key on the output shaft is combined with different gears to select different transmission routes through the axial forward and backward movement of the output shaft, thereby realizing the selection of the transmission ratio gear, so that the speed of the ejection claw shaft that is coaxially connected to the output shaft and rotates synchronously can be gradually accelerated from the same speed as the firing rate after receiving the shell (or cartridge), which can ensure that the ejection speed is kept at a high speed under multiple firing rates, thereby ensuring smooth ejection and preventing the subsequent congestion of the ejection guide channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of artillery, and in particular relates to a multi-gear accelerated shell ejection device. Background Art

[0002] Rotating-barrel artillery relies on the movement of the casing around its center of rotation to sequentially realize the actions of loading the shells into the chamber, firing, and extracting the shells. When shooting, the projectile is fired from the barrel. After firing, the empty cartridge or unfired shell is transferred to the ejection guide by the ejection mechanism and thrown out of the gun carriage.

[0003] External energy rotary guns usually have low, medium and high speeds. Due to the complex structure of the gun system, the ejection guide is generally bent many times. When the gun is fired at a low rate of fire, the cartridges in the ejection guide inevitably collide and rub continuously, causing the speed to gradually decrease, and it is very easy to get stuck with the subsequent cartridges entering the ejection guide. Cartridge congestion will cause poor ejection, which may result in failure to complete the shooting task, or even serious damage to the gun. Therefore, this problem needs to be solved urgently. If the ejection speed is simply increased, the load on the ejection guide at a high rate of fire will be too large, causing failure. Therefore, matching the appropriate ejection speed according to the different firing rates is an effective solution. However, there is currently no device that can realize the accelerated ejection of guns in different gears. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to effectively solve the problem of congestion of the cartridge case in the shell ejection guide when rotary artillery is firing at a low rate of fire, the present invention provides a multi-speed accelerated shell ejection device, which can match the corresponding shell ejection speed according to the firing rates of different gears, ensure that the shell ejection speed is maintained at a high speed under multiple firing rates, thereby ensuring smooth shell ejection.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A multi-gear accelerated shell ejection device, which is special in that it comprises an input shaft, a shell ejection claw shaft, an output shaft, a coupling and an electric servo cylinder which are coaxially connected in sequence, an input shaft front gear, an input shaft rear gear, a fourth sleeve and a second double gear which are arranged on the input shaft, a cylindrical gear, a first sleeve, a first double gear, a second sleeve, an elliptical gear, a third sleeve and a cam slider which are arranged in sequence on the output shaft, a cam spring which is arranged between the cam slider and the output shaft and a stopper which is arranged on the gun carriage;

[0007] The ejector shaft, input shaft and output shaft are respectively mounted on the gun carriage through bearings, and can rotate relative to the gun carriage; the ejector shaft and the output shaft are coaxially arranged, and can not only rotate synchronously, but also slide relative to each other along the axial direction; the input shaft and the output shaft are arranged in parallel;

[0008] The front gear of the input shaft is meshed with the cylindrical gear, the rear gear of the input shaft is meshed with the front gear of the first double gear, the front gear of the second double gear is meshed with the rear gear of the first double gear, and the rear gear of the second double gear is meshed with the elliptical gear;

[0009] The input shaft front gear and the input shaft rear gear are fixedly connected to the input shaft; the second duplex gear, the cylindrical gear, the first duplex gear and the elliptical gear are loosely sleeved on the corresponding shafts through bearings;

[0010] The front gear of the input shaft is a cylindrical gear, and the number of teeth is equal to that of the cylindrical gear on the output shaft;

[0011] The front gear and the rear gear of the first double gear, the front gear and the rear gear of the second double gear, and the rear gear of the input shaft are all elliptical gears;

[0012] Three transmission keys are installed on the output shaft along its axial direction at intervals, and a key spring is provided between each transmission key and the output shaft.

[0013] When the output shaft slides axially to the set position A, only the transmission key at the front end of the three transmission keys can slide into the keyway of the cylindrical gear.

[0014] When the output shaft slides axially to the set position B, only the middle transmission key among the three transmission keys can slide into the keyway of the first duplex gear.

[0015] When the output shaft slides axially to the set position C, only the transmission key at the rear end of the three transmission keys can slide into the keyway of the oval gear;

[0016] The first sleeve, the second sleeve and the fourth sleeve are respectively used for axial positioning of the gears located on both sides thereof; the third sleeve is used for axial positioning of the elliptical gears and the cam sliders on both sides thereof;

[0017] The coupling and the output shaft are installed by means of a T-shaped groove and a T-shaped boss, so that the output shaft can translate in the axial direction and rotate in the circumferential direction;

[0018] The cam slider is mounted outside the output shaft and can slide radially along the output shaft within a certain range;

[0019] The stopper is used in conjunction with the cam slider to resist the cam of the cam slider during low-speed shooting, thereby producing a resistance for delaying the rotation of the output shaft.

[0020] Furthermore, the middle inner walls of the first sleeve, the second sleeve and the third sleeve are all provided with a clearance space, so that when the key spring on the output shaft is located inside the sleeve, its length is in a low stress state to avoid relaxation caused by long-term compression.

[0021] Furthermore, the output push rod of the electric servo cylinder is a trapezoidal thread push rod.

[0022] Furthermore, the upper portion of the transmission key is provided with a chamfer so that it can slide more smoothly into the keyway of the gear.

[0023] Further, the transmission key comprises a key body, which is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and ear-shaped bosses are provided on both sides of the bottom of the key body, and the bosses are used for radial positioning of the transmission key on the output shaft; a circular blind hole is provided at the center position of the bottom end surface of the key body, and the circular blind hole is used to accommodate the key spring;

[0024] The transmission key and the key spring are fixedly mounted on the output shaft through a key spring pressure plate; the key spring pressure plate is a T-shaped structure consisting of a pressure block and a guide rod, the top surface of the pressure block is a cylindrical surface and is provided with two countersunk through holes; the guide rod is inserted into the key spring to provide a guiding effect for the key spring;

[0025] The side wall of the output shaft is provided with three grooves, and a keyway and a screw hole are provided on the bottom plane of a single groove. The keyway is used to install the transmission key, and the screw hole matches the countersunk through hole. By screwing screws into the screw hole and the countersunk through hole, the key spring pressure plate can be connected to the output shaft.

[0026] Furthermore, the shell ejection claw shaft includes a coaxially connected solid shaft and a shaft tube; two hook-shaped shell ejection claws are arranged at intervals on the solid shaft; the shaft tube is used to cooperate with one end of the output shaft, and the inner wall of the shaft tube is provided with two key grooves, both of which extend along the axial direction of the shaft tube and are 90 degrees apart. One of the key grooves is used for circumferential positioning of the output shaft, and the other key groove is a make way groove, which is used to make way for the transmission key on the side wall of the output shaft when the output shaft moves in the shaft tube in a direction close to the solid shaft.

[0027] Furthermore, two oppositely arranged mounting planes for mounting the cam slider and a spring mounting groove are processed on the side wall of the output shaft, and the spring mounting groove is located between the two mounting planes;

[0028] The cam slider comprises a slider and a cam arranged on the side wall of the slider; the slider has two parallel extension arms and a connecting seat for connecting the two extension arms; the opposite surfaces of the two extension arms are planes, and the inner wall of the connecting seat is an arc surface matching the output shaft; a blind hole for installing a spring is arranged in the middle of the arc surface, and the blind hole corresponds to the spring installation groove on the output shaft; a through hole for installing a bolt assembly is arranged at the end of the extension arm, and after the cam slider is sleeved on the output shaft, the bolt assembly is installed in the through hole on the extension arm to limit the position;

[0029] The cam spring is installed in the blind hole on the cam slider and the spring installation groove on the output shaft;

[0030] The block includes a mounting seat and a cylindrical boss arranged in the middle of the mounting seat; the mounting seat is provided with a mounting hole for fixedly connecting the mounting seat to the gun mount; the surface of the cylindrical boss is a cylindrical surface for contacting and cooperating with the cam of the cam slider.

[0031] Furthermore, a coordination sleeve is sleeved outside the bolt assembly.

[0032] Furthermore, the electric servo cylinder is provided with a magnetic scale for feeding back the telescopic distance of the output push rod of the electric servo cylinder to an external control system.

[0033] Furthermore, the front gear and the rear gear of the first double gear, the front gear and the rear gear of the second double gear, and the rear gear of the input shaft are all elliptical gears with the same structural parameters.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0035] 1. The present invention adopts an input shaft, a cylindrical gear, a first double gear, a second double gear and an elliptical gear to form a fixed-axis gear train. The output shaft is moved forward and backward axially so that a transmission key on the output shaft is combined with different gears to select different transmission routes, thereby realizing the selection of the transmission ratio gear, so that the rotation speed of the shell ejection claw shaft coaxially connected with the output shaft and synchronously rotating can be gradually accelerated from the same rotation speed as the firing speed after receiving the shell (or cartridge), and the shell ejection speed can be kept at a high speed under multiple firing speeds, thereby ensuring smooth shell ejection and preventing congestion in the subsequent shell ejection guide channel.

[0036] 2. In the present invention, a sleeve is used for circumferential positioning between two adjacent components on the input shaft and the output shaft. Since the transmission key on the output shaft may enter and be located in the first sleeve, the second sleeve or the third sleeve during the axial movement of the output shaft for shifting, a clearance space is provided on the inner wall in the middle of the first sleeve, the second sleeve or the third sleeve, which can prevent the key spring from being compressed for a long time and causing relaxation, thereby improving the service life and reliability.

[0037] 3. The push rod of the electric servo cylinder in the present invention is a trapezoidal thread push rod, which can be self-locking after moving into position, and can ensure that the axial position of the output shaft remains fixed after moving into position, thereby improving the stability of the device.

[0038] 4. In the present invention, the input shaft rear gear, the first double-line gear, the second double-linked gear and the elliptical gear all adopt elliptical gears with the same structural parameters, which simplifies the design of multiple sets of elliptical gears.

[0039] 5. In the present invention, the stopper and the cam slider are in convex-concave contact. Compared with the contact between the convex surface and the flat surface, the same spring force produces greater resistance, making the gear shifting of the entire device more reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Sectional view at AA.

[0043] Figure 4a yes Figure 2 Zoomed in view of the rotated view at BB in the middle.

[0044] Figure 4b yes Figure 4a Sectional view at DD.

[0045] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Sectional view at CC.

[0046] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of the rear part of the middle right.

[0047] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the input shaft in the present invention.

[0048] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shell ejection claw shaft in the present invention.

[0049] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the output shaft in the present invention.

[0050] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission key in the present invention.

[0051] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the key spring in the present invention.

[0052] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the key spring pressure plate of the present invention.

[0053] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cam slider in the present invention.

[0054] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stopper in the present invention.

[0055] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the coupling in the present invention.

[0056] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of the servo electric cylinder in the present invention.

[0057] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cylindrical gear (engaged with the front gear of the input shaft) in the present invention.

[0058] Fig.18 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first duplex gear in the present invention.

[0059] Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elliptical gear (engaged with the rear gear of the second duplex gear) in the present invention.

[0060] Fig. 20 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second duplex gear in the present invention.

[0061] Fig.21 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second sleeve in the present invention.

[0062] Fig. 22 It is a structural schematic diagram of the third sleeve in the present invention.

[0063] Fig.23 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fourth sleeve in the present invention.

[0064] Fig.24 It is a structural schematic diagram of the coordination sleeve in the present invention.

[0065] Description of reference numerals:

[0066] 1-ejection claw shaft, 101-solid shaft, 102-shaft tube, 103-ejection claw, 104-keyway;

[0067] 2- cylindrical gear, 3- first sleeve;

[0068] 4-first double gear, 401-front gear, 402-rear gear;

[0069] 5-second sleeve, 6-elliptical gear, 7-third sleeve;

[0070] 8-cam slider, 801-cam, 802-slider, 803-blind hole, 804-through hole, 805-extending arm, 806-arc surface;

[0071] 9-stopper, 901-mounting seat, 902-cylindrical boss, 903-mounting hole;

[0072] 10-output shaft, 1001-protruding key, 1002-groove, 1003-keyway, 1004-screw hole; 1005-groove; 1006-installation plane 1006, 1007-spring installation groove;

[0073] 11-coupling, 1101-connecting seat, 1102-T-slot;

[0074] 12-electric servo cylinder, 1201-output push rod;

[0075] 13-second double gear, 1301-front gear, 1302-rear gear;

[0076] 14- fourth sleeve;

[0077] 15-input shaft, 1501-input shaft body, 1502-input shaft front gear, 1503-input shaft rear gear;

[0078] 16-cannonballs;

[0079] 17-transmission key, 1701-ear-shaped boss, 1702-circular blind hole;

[0080] 18-key spring;

[0081] 19-key spring pressure plate, 1901-pressure block, 1902-guide rod, 1903-cylindrical surface, 1904-countersunk through hole; 20-coordinating sleeve, 21-cam spring, 22-gun mount, 23-external control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0083] See also Figure 1-6 The multi-gear accelerated shell ejection device provided by the present invention includes an input shaft 15, a shell ejection claw shaft 1, an output shaft 10, a coupling 11 and an electric servo cylinder 12 which are coaxially connected in sequence, an input shaft front gear 1502, an input shaft rear gear 1503, a fourth sleeve 14 and a second double gear 13 which are arranged on the input shaft 15, a cylindrical gear 2, a first sleeve 3, a first double gear 4, a second sleeve 5, an elliptical gear 6, a third sleeve 7 and a cam slider 8 which are arranged in sequence on the output shaft 10, and a stopper 9 which is arranged on the gun mount 22.

[0084] The ejection claw shaft 1, input shaft 15 and output shaft 10 are respectively mounted on the gun mount 22 through bearings. The ejection claw shaft 1, input shaft 15 and output shaft 10 can all rotate relative to the gun mount 22; the ejection claw shaft 1 and the output shaft 10 are coaxially arranged, and the two can not only rotate synchronously but also slide relative to each other along the axial direction; the input shaft 15 and the output shaft 10 are arranged in parallel.

[0085] The input shaft front gear 1502 meshes with the cylindrical gear 2 , the input shaft rear gear 1503 meshes with the front gear of the first double gear 4 , the front gear 1301 of the second double gear 13 meshes with the rear gear 402 of the first double gear 4 , and the rear gear 1302 of the second double gear 13 meshes with the elliptical gear 6 .

[0086] The second duplex gear 13 is loosely sleeved on the input shaft 15 through a bearing; the cylindrical gear 2, the first duplex gear 4 and the elliptical gear 6 are loosely sleeved on the output shaft 10 through a bearing; the front gear 1301 and the rear gear 1302 of the second duplex gear 13 are both elliptical gears (such as Fig. 20 The front gear 401 and the rear gear 402 of the first double gear 4 are both elliptical gears (as shown); Fig.18 The output shaft 10 is provided with three transmission keys 17. When the output shaft 10 slides relatively along the axial direction for a certain distance A, only the transmission key 17 at the front end of the three transmission keys 17 can slide into the keyway of the cylindrical gear 2. When the output shaft 10 slides relatively along the axial direction for a certain distance B, only the transmission key 17 at the middle of the three transmission keys 17 can slide into the keyway of the first duplex gear 4. When the output shaft 10 slides relatively along the axial direction for a certain distance C, only the transmission key 17 at the rear end of the three transmission keys 17 can slide into the keyway of the elliptical gear 6.

[0087] The first sleeve 3, the second sleeve 5 and the fourth sleeve 14 are used to position the gears on both sides thereof respectively; the third sleeve 7 is used to position the elliptical gear 6 and the cam slider 8 on both sides thereof. The structures of the second sleeve 5, the third sleeve 7 and the fourth sleeve 14 are respectively as follows: Figure 21-23 The first sleeve 3, the second sleeve 5 and the third sleeve 7 are designed with internal clearance (i.e., the inner wall of the middle part of the sleeve has a larger gap with the outer wall of the output shaft 10 than the inner wall of the end part of the sleeve), so that when the key spring 18 on the output shaft 10 is inside the sleeve, its length is in a released state (low stress state), avoiding long-term compression and resulting in relaxation.

[0088] The cam slider 8 is mounted outside the output shaft 10 and can slide radially along the output shaft 10 within a certain range; a cam spring 21 is also provided between the cam slider 8 and the output shaft 10; the stopper 9 is used in conjunction with the cam slider 8 and the cam spring 21. During low-speed shooting, the cam of the cam slider 8 is pressed against the stopper 9 through the action of the cam spring 21, thereby generating resistance to delay the rotation of the output shaft 10.

[0089] See also Figure 7The input shaft 15 is a double gear shaft, including a shaft body 1501, and an input shaft front gear 1502 and an input shaft rear gear 1503 which are arranged on the shaft body 1501 at intervals and fixedly connected thereto. The input shaft front gear 1502 is a cylindrical gear, and the input shaft rear gear 1503 is an elliptical gear. The input shaft front gear 1502 has the same number of teeth as the cylindrical gear 2 arranged on the output shaft 10. Here, there is a group of cylindrical gears with the same number of teeth, which is used for a high-speed gear position; the input shaft rear gear 1503 and the first double gear 4, the second double gear 13 and the elliptical gear 6 are all elliptical gears with the same structural parameters.

[0090] See also Figure 8 The shell ejection claw shaft 1 is used to receive the unfired shells or cartridges after the artillery is fired, and transfer them to the shell ejection guide; the shell ejection claw shaft 1 includes a coaxially connected solid shaft 101 and a shaft tube 102, the diameter of the solid shaft 101 is smaller than the inner diameter of the shaft tube 102; two hook-shaped shell ejection claws 103 for ejecting shells (shells) are also arranged at intervals on the solid shaft 101; the shaft tube 102 is used to cooperate with one end of the output shaft 10, and the inner wall of the shaft tube 102 is provided with two key grooves 104, both of which extend along the axial direction of the shaft tube 102 and are 90 degrees apart, one of the key grooves 104 is used for circumferential positioning of the output shaft 10, and the other key groove 104 is a yield groove, which is used for the output shaft 10 to move forward in the shaft tube 102 (i.e., move toward the direction of the solid shaft 101) to yield to the transmission key 17 at the front end installed on the side wall of the output shaft 10.

[0091] See also Fig. 9A protruding key 1001 is provided on the outer side wall of one end of the output shaft 10, which is used to match one of the key slots 104 on the inner wall of the shaft tube 102 of the shell ejection claw shaft 1. The end of the output shaft 10 with the protruding key 1001 is inserted into the shaft tube 102 of the shell ejection claw shaft 1. Through the cooperation of the protruding key 1001 and the key slot 104, the shell ejection claw shaft 1 and the output shaft 10 can not only rotate synchronously, but also the output shaft 10 can slide axially in the shaft tube 102 of the shell ejection claw shaft 1. A groove 1005 is provided on the side wall of the other end of the output shaft 10. The groove 1005 and the shaft body at the end together form a T-shaped stepped shaft, which is used to match the T-shaped groove at the output end of the coupling 11. Three grooves 1002 are arranged at intervals on the side wall of the output shaft 10, and the three grooves 1002 are distributed along the axis of the output shaft 10; a key groove 1003 is opened on the groove bottom plane of each groove 1002, and the key groove 1003 penetrates the output shaft 10 in the radial direction of the output shaft 10; two screw holes 1004 are processed on the groove bottom plane of each groove 1002, and the two screw holes 1004 are located on both sides of the key groove 1003. Two oppositely arranged mounting planes 1006 for mounting the cam slider 8 and a spring mounting groove 1007 are also processed on the side wall of the output shaft 10, and the spring mounting groove 1007 is located between the two mounting planes 1006.

[0092] See also Figure 10-11 The transmission key 17 includes a key body, which is a rectangular parallelepiped structure. Ear-shaped bosses 1701 are provided on both sides of the bottom of the key body. The bosses 1701 are used for radial positioning of the transmission key 17 on the output shaft 10; a circular blind hole 1702 is provided at the center position of the bottom end surface of the key body. The circular blind hole 1702 is used to accommodate a key spring 18. The key spring 18 is used to allow the transmission key 17 to have a certain radial float, so that the transmission key 17 can pass through the inner circle of the bearing, and pop out after moving into place to ensure reliable connection with the corresponding gear; because when the output shaft 10 rotates, the transmission key 17 is affected by centrifugal force and can only move upward, so its reliable connection with the keyway on the gear can be guaranteed; the upper part of the key body is processed with chamfers so that the transmission key 17 can slide smoothly into the keyway of the gear.

[0093] See also Fig.12 The key spring pressure plate 19 is a T-shaped structure consisting of a pressure block 1901 and a guide rod 1902. The top surface of the pressure block 1901 is a cylindrical surface 1903. Two countersunk through holes 1904 are provided on the cylindrical surface 1903. The two countersunk through holes 1904 correspond to the two screw holes 1004 on the bottom plane of a single groove 1002 on the side wall of the output shaft 10, and are used to install connecting screws to achieve a fixed connection between the key spring pressure plate 19 and the output shaft 10; the guide rod 1902 is used to provide a guiding effect for the key spring 18 installed at the bottom of the transmission key 17.

[0094] In the present invention, there are three transmission keys 17, key springs 18, and key spring pressure plates 19, which are respectively installed in three grooves 1002 on the side wall of the output shaft 10; during assembly, the key spring 18 is installed in the circular blind hole 1702 at the bottom of the transmission key 17, and then the transmission key 17 with the key spring 18 is installed in the key groove 1003 at the bottom of the groove 1002 on the side wall of the output shaft 10, and finally the key spring pressure plate 19 is installed in the groove 1002, so that the guide rod 1902 of the key spring pressure plate 10 extends into the key spring 18, and finally the connecting screws are screwed into the two countersunk through holes 1904 of the key spring pressure plate 19 and the two screw holes 1004 at the bottom of the groove 1002, so that the transmission key 17, the key spring 18, and the key spring pressure plate 19 are installed on the output shaft 10.

[0095] See also Fig.13 The cam slider 8 includes a slider 802 and a cam 801 disposed on the side wall of the slider 802; the slider 802 has two parallel extension arms 805 and a connection seat for connecting the two extension arms 805; the opposing surfaces of the two extension arms 805 are planes, and the inner wall of the connection seat is an arc surface 806 matching the output shaft 10; a blind hole 803 for installing a spring is disposed in the middle of the arc surface 806, and the blind hole 803 corresponds to the spring installation groove 1007 on the output shaft 10; a through hole 804 for installing a bolt is disposed at the end of the extension arm 805. In order to ensure that the extension arm of the cam slider 8 is more securely limited on the output shaft 10, a coordination sleeve 20 is also sleeved outside the bolt at the through hole 804.

[0096] See also Figure 5 , 13 During assembly, the cam spring 21 is placed in the spring installation groove 1007 on the output shaft 10, and the cam slider 8 is sleeved on the output shaft 10, so that the other end of the cam spring 21 extends into the blind hole 803 of the slider 802, and the two extension arms 805 of the slider 802 respectively cooperate with the two installation planes 1006 on the side wall of the output shaft 10, and the bolt assembly is installed at the through hole 804 at the end of the extension arm 805 for fixing, so that the cam slider 8 can be restricted on the output shaft 10; after assembly, the cam slider 8 can slide radially along the output shaft 10 through the mutual cooperation between the extension arm 805 and the installation plane 1006. The axial direction of the cam slider 8 is limited by the third sleeve 7 and the gun mount 22.

[0097] See also Fig.14 The block 9 includes a mounting seat 901 and a cylindrical boss 902 arranged in the middle of the mounting seat 901; a mounting hole 903 is provided on the mounting seat 901, which is used to fix the mounting seat 901 to the gun mount 22; the surface of the cylindrical boss 902 is a cylindrical surface, which is used to contact and cooperate with the cam 801 of the cam slider 8 to generate resistance.

[0098] See also Fig.15The coupling 11 is used to coaxially connect the electric servo cylinder 12 with the output shaft 10. The input end of the coupling 11 is provided with a connecting seat 1101 for cooperating with the output push rod 1201 of the electric servo cylinder 12. A T-slot 1102 is provided on the output end surface of the coupling 11. The T-slot 1102 cooperates with the T-shaped step shaft at the end of the output shaft 10 to ensure that the output push rod 1201 of the electric servo cylinder 12 can drive the output shaft 10 to move forward and backward along the axial direction through the coupling 11 without affecting the free rotation of the output shaft 10.

[0099] See also Fig.16 The electric servo cylinder 12 is installed on the gun carriage 22. The electric servo cylinder 12 is a general device, and its output push rod 1201 is fixedly connected to the input end of the coupling 11 by bolts; the electric servo cylinder 12 is equipped with a magnetic scale, and the telescopic distance of the output push rod 1201 is fed back to the external control system 23 through the magnetic scale, and then the external control system 23 can control the telescopic distance of the output push rod 1201 of the electric servo cylinder 12 according to the feedback signal of the magnetic scale; the output push rod 1201 is a trapezoidal thread push rod, which can be self-locked after moving into place to ensure that the axial position of the output shaft 10 is fixed. It should be noted that the external control system 23 here is an existing mature system.

[0100] Working principle of the present invention:

[0101] Before shooting, under the control of the control system 23, the output shaft 10 is pushed forward or backward by the output push rod 1201 of the electric servo cylinder 12 to move a certain distance;

[0102] After starting the shooting, look forward from the rear (i.e. along the Figure 1 The input shaft 15 rotates clockwise (in the direction indicated by the middle arrow), and its rotation speed is consistent with the firing rate. For every rotation of the input shaft 15, one shell (or cartridge) 16 is delivered to the ejection claw shaft 1.

[0103] Since the cam slider 8 is installed on the output shaft 10, when the input shaft 15 rotates at a low speed (i.e., the shooting speed is low) at the beginning, the gears on the output shaft 10 rotate at a low speed. Under the action of the cam spring 21, there is resistance between the cam slider 8 and the block 9, overcoming the friction between the transmission key 17 and the gears on the output shaft 10, ensuring that when the gears rotate at a low speed, there is relative sliding between the output shaft 10 and the gears thereon, rather than the output shaft 10 and the gears thereon rotating synchronously, so that the transmission key 17 can slide into the corresponding gear keyway (the direction of the resistance is along the normal direction of the contact surface between the cam slider 8 and the block 9, and the force in this direction has a component in the circumferential direction of the output shaft 10, which is opposite to the direction of the friction force of the inner circle of the gear on the transmission key 17 on the output shaft 10, and can overcome the friction force and stop the rotation of the output shaft 10, thereby preventing the output shaft 10 from rotating with the gear). When one of the three transmission keys 17 installed on the output shaft 10 slides into the keyway of one of the cylindrical gear 2, the first duplex gear 4 and the elliptical gear 6, since the rotation speed of the cylindrical gear 2, the first duplex gear 4, the elliptical gear 6 is different from the rotation speed ratio of the input shaft 15, the output shaft 10 can be rotated at different speeds in the counterclockwise direction (viewed from the back to the front), that is, the output shaft 10 obtains different output rotation speeds, which are the shell ejection rotation speeds.

[0104] When the shooting speed increases, due to the eccentric inertia force of the cam slider 8, the cam slider 8 separates from the stopper 9 and no resistance is generated.

[0105] The transmission process of the present invention:

[0106] When the external control system 23 issues a firing rate command, the electric servo cylinder 12 drives the output shaft 10 to move forward (or backward) to the set position. At this time, the input shaft 15 is driven by the transmission system on the gun, and the transmission key 17 slides into the keyway of the cylindrical gear 2, the first double gear 4 or the elliptical gear 6 under the action of the key spring 18, thereby driving the output shaft 10 and the ejector claw shaft 1 to eject shells at the corresponding speed.

[0107] After the gun starts firing, the input shaft 15 always runs at a constant speed (assuming the speed is ω), and the initial coordination position of each gear is the position where the ejection claw shaft 1 is connected to the shell (or cartridge) 16.

[0108] The initial angle of each shaft when receiving the shell (or cartridge) 16 is called the "initial coordination position". In the initial coordination position, the first double gear 4 is driven by the gear 1503 at the rear of the input shaft, and the elliptical gear 6 is driven by the second double gear 13 on the input shaft 15. Since the transmission ratio of each group of elliptical gears changes with the angle, at this moment, the transmission ratio of each level is 1. The rotation speed of each gear on the output shaft 10 is the product of the corresponding transmission ratios of each level. Therefore, the rotation speed of the first double gear 4 and the elliptical gear 6 are both ω, so as to ensure that no matter which level of work is selected, the ejection claw shaft 1 can be stably connected to the shell (or cartridge) 16.

[0109] If the cylindrical gear 2 is combined with the transmission key 17 at this time, as the input shaft 15 continues to rotate, the input shaft front gear 1502 drives the cylindrical gear 2 to rotate, and then the cylindrical gear 2 drives the output shaft 10 to rotate; since the number of teeth of the cylindrical gear 2 is the same as the number of teeth of the input shaft front gear 1502, the cylindrical gear 2 drives the output shaft 10 to rotate, and the rotation speed of the output shaft 10 is always ω.

[0110] If the first duplex gear 4 is combined with the transmission key 17 at this time, as the input shaft 15 continues to rotate, the input shaft rear gear 1503 drives the first duplex gear 4 to rotate, and then the first duplex gear 4 drives the output shaft 10 to rotate; since the input shaft rear gear 1503 is an elliptical gear, and the front gear of the first duplex gear 4 is an elliptical gear, the transmission ratio gradually decreases. Assuming the minimum transmission ratio is 1:x, when the output shaft 10 is driven by the first duplex gear 4 to rotate, the speed of the output shaft 10 gradually increases from ω to x times of ω, at which time the shell (cartridge) 16 is thrown out, and then gradually decelerates to ω. Since the transmission ratio of the elliptical gear changes with the angular cycle and the radius of the pitch curve, assuming the minimum transmission ratio is 1:x, the transmission ratio will gradually decrease from 1 to 1:x for each rotation, and then gradually increase from 1:x to 1. This process is a cycle. Therefore, the speed of each bullet will experience this cycle change, and so on.

[0111] If the oval gear 6 is combined with the transmission key 17 at this time, as the input shaft 15 rotates, the input shaft rear gear 1503 drives the front gear of the first duplex gear 4 to rotate, and then the rear gear of the first duplex gear 4 drives the front gear of the second duplex gear 13 to rotate, and then the rear gear of the second duplex gear 13 drives the oval gear 6 to rotate, and then the oval gear 6 drives the output shaft 10 to operate. At this time, it is a three-stage transmission, and the transmission ratio of each stage changes from 1 to 1:x periodically, so the speed of the output shaft 10 gradually increases from ω to x of ω. 3 times, and then gradually decelerates to ω, and so on.

[0112] If other required speed ratios need to be obtained, this can be achieved by changing the combination and design parameters of the elliptical gears.

[0113] therefore,

[0114] When the firing rate is high, the cylindrical gear 2 is selected to be combined with the transmission key 17, the transmission ratio is 1, and the input shaft 15 always runs at a constant speed, and the speed is ω=ω max , the output shaft 10 also rotates at a uniform speed, and the speed is ωmax.

[0115] When the firing rate is medium, it is ω max / x, the first double gear 4 is selected to be combined with the transmission key 17, the transmission ratio is 1:x, and the angular velocity of the output shaft 10 is x times that of the input shaft 10, thereby ensuring that the angular velocity of the output shaft 10 remains at ω max .

[0116] When the firing rate is low, that is, ω max / x 3 When the elliptical gear 6 is selected to be combined with the transmission key 17, the transmission ratio is 1:x 3 , the angular velocity of the output shaft 10 is x of the input shaft 10 3 times, thereby ensuring that the angular velocity of the output shaft 10 remains at ω max .

Claims

1. A multi-gear accelerated shell ejection device, characterized in that: It includes an input shaft, an ejector claw shaft, an output shaft, a coupling and an electric servo cylinder which are coaxially connected in sequence, an input shaft front gear, an input shaft rear gear, a fourth sleeve and a second duplex gear which are arranged on the input shaft, a cylindrical gear, a first sleeve, a first duplex gear, a second sleeve, an elliptical gear, a third sleeve and a cam slider which are arranged in sequence on the output shaft, a cam spring which is arranged between the cam slider and the output shaft and a stopper which is arranged on the gun carriage; The ejector claw shaft, input shaft and output shaft are respectively mounted on the gun carriage through bearings, and can rotate relative to the gun carriage; the ejector claw shaft and the output shaft are coaxially arranged, and can not only rotate synchronously, but also slide relative to each other along the axial direction; The input shaft is arranged in parallel with the output shaft; The front gear of the input shaft is meshed with the cylindrical gear, the rear gear of the input shaft is meshed with the front gear of the first double gear, the front gear of the second double gear is meshed with the rear gear of the first double gear, and the rear gear of the second double gear is meshed with the elliptical gear; The input shaft front gear and the input shaft rear gear are fixedly connected to the input shaft; the second duplex gear, the cylindrical gear, the first duplex gear and the elliptical gear are loosely sleeved on the corresponding shafts through bearings; The front gear of the input shaft is a cylindrical gear, and the number of teeth is equal to that of the cylindrical gear on the output shaft; The front gear and the rear gear of the first double gear, the front gear and the rear gear of the second double gear, and the rear gear of the input shaft are all elliptical gears; Three transmission keys are installed on the output shaft along its axial direction at intervals, and a key spring is provided between each transmission key and the output shaft. When the output shaft slides axially to the set position A, only the transmission key at the front end of the three transmission keys can slide into the keyway of the cylindrical gear. When the output shaft slides axially to the set position B, only the middle transmission key among the three transmission keys can slide into the keyway of the first duplex gear. When the output shaft slides axially to the set position C, only the transmission key at the rear end of the three transmission keys can slide into the keyway of the oval gear; The first sleeve, the second sleeve and the fourth sleeve are respectively used for axial positioning of the gears located on both sides thereof; the third sleeve is used for axial positioning of the elliptical gears and the cam sliders on both sides thereof; The coupling and the output shaft are installed by means of a T-shaped groove and a T-shaped boss, so that the output shaft can translate in the axial direction and rotate in the circumferential direction; The cam slider is mounted outside the output shaft and can slide radially along the output shaft within a certain range; The stopper is used in conjunction with the cam slider to resist the cam of the cam slider during low-speed shooting, thereby producing a resistance for delaying the rotation of the output shaft.

2. The multi-gear accelerated shell ejection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle inner walls of the first sleeve, the second sleeve and the third sleeve are all provided with a clearance space, so that when the key spring on the output shaft is located inside the sleeve, its length is in a low stress state to avoid relaxation caused by long-term compression.

3. The multi-gear accelerated shell ejection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output push rod of the electric servo cylinder is a trapezoidal thread push rod.

4. The multi-gear accelerated shell ejection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper part of the transmission key is provided with a chamfer so that it can slide into the keyway of the gear more smoothly.

5. The multi-gear accelerated shell ejection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The transmission key comprises a key body, which is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and ear-shaped bosses are provided on both sides of the bottom of the key body, and the bosses are used for radial positioning of the transmission key on the output shaft; a circular blind hole is provided at the center of the bottom end surface of the key body, and the circular blind hole is used to accommodate the key spring; The transmission key and the key spring are fixedly mounted on the output shaft through a key spring pressure plate; the key spring pressure plate is a T-shaped structure consisting of a pressure block and a guide rod, the top surface of the pressure block is a cylindrical surface and is provided with two countersunk through holes; the guide rod is inserted into the key spring to provide a guiding effect for the key spring; The side wall of the output shaft is provided with three grooves, and a keyway and a screw hole are provided on the bottom plane of a single groove. The keyway is used to install the transmission key, and the screw hole matches the countersunk through hole. By screwing screws into the screw hole and the countersunk through hole, the key spring pressure plate can be connected to the output shaft.

6. The multi-gear accelerated shell ejection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shell ejection claw shaft includes a coaxially connected solid shaft and a shaft tube; two hook-shaped shell ejection claws are arranged at intervals on the solid shaft; the shaft tube is used to cooperate with one end of the output shaft, and the inner wall of the shaft tube is provided with two key grooves, which extend along the axial direction of the shaft tube and are 90 degrees apart. One of the key grooves is used for circumferential positioning of the output shaft, and the other key groove is a yield groove, which is used to make way for the transmission key on the side wall of the output shaft when the output shaft moves in the shaft tube in a direction close to the solid shaft.

7. The multi-gear accelerated shell ejection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side wall of the output shaft is processed with two oppositely arranged mounting planes for mounting the cam slider, and a spring mounting groove, and the spring mounting groove is located between the two mounting planes; The cam slider comprises a slider and a cam arranged on the side wall of the slider; the slider has two parallel extension arms and a connecting seat for connecting the two extension arms; the opposite surfaces of the two extension arms are planes, and the inner wall of the connecting seat is an arc surface matching the output shaft; a blind hole for installing a spring is arranged in the middle of the arc surface, and the blind hole corresponds to the spring installation groove on the output shaft; a through hole for installing a bolt assembly is arranged at the end of the extension arm, and after the cam slider is sleeved on the output shaft, the bolt assembly is installed in the through hole on the extension arm to limit the position; The cam spring is installed in the blind hole on the cam slider and the spring installation groove on the output shaft; The block includes a mounting seat and a cylindrical boss arranged in the middle of the mounting seat; the mounting seat is provided with a mounting hole for fixedly connecting the mounting seat to the gun mount; the surface of the cylindrical boss is a cylindrical surface for contacting and cooperating with the cam of the cam slider.

8. The multi-gear accelerated shell ejection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A coordination sleeve is also sleeved outside the bolt assembly.

9. The multi-gear accelerated shell ejection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electric servo cylinder is provided with a magnetic scale, which is used for feeding back the telescopic distance of the output push rod of the electric servo cylinder to an external control system.

10. The multi-gear accelerated shell ejection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The front gear and the rear gear of the first double gear, the front gear and the rear gear of the second double gear, and the rear gear of the input shaft are all elliptical gears with the same structural parameters.

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