Voltage Prediction Method, Device, Electric Vehicle, and Storage Medium

Abstract

The present application discloses a voltage prediction method, device, electric vehicle and storage medium, belonging to the field of new energy technologies. The method includes: determining the capacity of the battery of the electric vehicle at the current temperature; determining the discharge rate of the battery by taking the ratio of the current working current of the battery to the capacity; determining the working parameters of the battery under the conditions of temperature, discharge rate and remaining capacity according to the temperature, discharge rate, remaining capacity of the battery and the corresponding relationship, and predicting the working voltage of the battery based on the working parameters to obtain the predicted working voltage of the battery under the conditions of temperature and discharge rate. The present application predicts the working voltage of the battery according to the working parameters, so as to adjust the battery to work according to the determined working voltage, thereby ensuring that the battery works with a normal working voltage and improving the service life of the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of new energy technologies, and particularly to a voltage prediction method, apparatus, electric vehicle, and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy technologies, vehicles driven by electric energy are becoming increasingly popular among users. However, batteries used for storing electric energy operate with different working parameters in different working states. How to predict the battery voltage based on the current working parameters of the battery has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Embodiments of this application provide a voltage prediction method, apparatus, electric vehicle, and storage medium, which can ensure that the battery operates with a normal working voltage and improve the service life of the battery. The technical solutions are as follows:

[0004] On the one hand, a voltage prediction method is provided. The method includes:

[0005] Determine the capacity of the battery of the electric vehicle at the current temperature;

[0006] Determine the discharge rate of the battery by taking the ratio of the current working current of the battery to the capacity;

[0007] According to the temperature, the discharge rate, the remaining capacity of the battery, and the corresponding relationship, determine the working parameters of the battery under the conditions of the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity, where the corresponding relationship includes the working parameters corresponding to the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity;

[0008] Predict the working voltage of the battery based on the working parameters to obtain the predicted working voltage of the battery under the conditions of the temperature and the discharge rate.

[0009] On the other hand, a voltage prediction apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes:

[0010] A determination module, configured to determine the capacity of the battery of the electric vehicle at the current temperature;

[0011] The determination module is further configured to determine the discharge rate of the battery by taking the ratio of the current working current of the battery to the capacity;

[0012] The determination module is further configured to determine the working parameters of the battery under the conditions of the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity of the battery according to the temperature, the discharge rate, the remaining capacity of the battery, and the corresponding relationship, where the corresponding relationship includes the working parameters corresponding to the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity;

[0013] A prediction module, configured to predict the operating voltage of the battery based on the operating parameters, so as to obtain the predicted operating voltage of the battery under the conditions of the temperature and the discharge rate.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, the determining module is configured to:

[0015] Obtain the operating current of the battery within a preset duration;

[0016] In a case where it is determined that the operating current of the battery within the preset duration is in a stable state, determine the ratio of the current operating current of the battery to the capacity as the discharge rate of the battery.

[0017] In a possible implementation manner, the determining module is configured to:

[0018] In a case where the temperature does not exist in the corresponding relationship, determine the operating parameters corresponding to the target temperature corresponding to the minimum temperature difference in the corresponding relationship as the operating parameters of the battery under the conditions of the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity, where the minimum temperature difference is the minimum difference between the temperature and each temperature in the corresponding relationship;

[0019] In a case where the discharge rate does not exist in the corresponding relationship, determine the operating parameters corresponding to the target discharge rate corresponding to the minimum rate difference in the corresponding relationship as the operating parameters of the battery under the conditions of the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity, where the minimum rate difference is the minimum difference between the discharge rate and each discharge rate in the corresponding relationship;

[0020] In a case where the remaining capacity does not exist in the corresponding relationship, determine the operating parameters corresponding to the target remaining capacity corresponding to the minimum capacity difference in the corresponding relationship as the operating parameters of the battery under the conditions of the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity, where the minimum capacity difference is the minimum difference between the remaining capacity and each remaining capacity in the corresponding relationship.

[0021] In a possible implementation manner, the operating parameters include a predicted main circuit voltage, a predicted main circuit resistance, a predicted branch resistance, and a predicted branch capacitance; the determining module is configured to:

[0022] Determine a branch voltage based on the predicted branch resistance, the predicted branch capacitance, and the operating current;

[0023] Determine the resistance voltage of the main circuit resistance as the product of the predicted main circuit resistance and the operating current;

[0024] Determine the sum value of the branch voltage, the resistor voltage, and the predicted main circuit voltage as the predicted working voltage.

[0025] In a possible implementation manner, the determining module is configured to integrate the branch voltage based on the predicted branch resistance, the predicted branch capacitance, and the working current, and update the branch voltage using the integrated branch voltage.

[0026] In a possible implementation manner, the device further includes:

[0027] An acquisition module, configured to discharge the battery at a preset discharge rate at a preset temperature, and acquire the working current and working voltage of the battery at intervals of a preset capacity;

[0028] A fitting module, configured to fit the working current and the working voltage to obtain the main circuit voltage, the main circuit resistance, the branch resistance, and the branch capacitance of the battery;

[0029] A establishing module, configured to establish a correspondence relationship between the preset temperature, the preset discharge rate, and the remaining capacity and the corresponding main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance, and branch capacitance obtained.

[0030] In a possible implementation manner, the establishing module is configured to establish a correspondence relationship between the preset temperature, the preset discharge rate, and the remaining capacity and the corresponding main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance, and branch capacitance when the difference between the predicted working voltage corresponding to the main circuit voltage, the main circuit resistance, the branch resistance, and the branch capacitance and the actual working voltage corresponding to the battery is less than a preset voltage.

[0031] On the other hand, an electric vehicle is provided, where the electric vehicle includes a voltage prediction device, and the voltage prediction device stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by the voltage prediction device to implement the voltage prediction method as described in any one of the above.

[0032] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, where at least one program code is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the voltage prediction method as described in any one of the above.

[0033] On the other hand, a computer program product is provided, where at least one program code is stored in the computer program product, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the voltage prediction method as described in any one of the above.

[0034] In the solution provided by the embodiments of the present application, electric vehicles have different operating parameters at different temperatures, different discharge rates, and different remaining capacities. Therefore, the operating parameters of the battery are determined according to the current temperature, discharge rate, and remaining capacity of the electric vehicle, and then the operating voltage of the battery can be predicted according to the operating parameters, so as to adjust the battery to operate according to the determined operating voltage, thereby ensuring that the battery operates with a normal operating voltage and improving the service life of the battery.

[0035] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and do not limit the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a voltage prediction method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a voltage prediction method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship between voltage and time provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 is a graph showing the relationship between current and time provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fitting model provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 6 is a flowchart for determining whether a corresponding relationship is established provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 7 is a flowchart for predicting voltage provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the error of the operating voltage provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage prediction device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another voltage prediction device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 11 shows a structural block diagram of an electric vehicle provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0047] To make the technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the following further describes the embodiments of this application in detail.

[0048] In the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. in the specification, claims and the accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally further includes steps or units not listed, or optionally further includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0049] It should be noted that the information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.), data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) and signals involved in this application are all authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data need to comply with the relevant laws, regulations and standards of relevant countries and regions. For example, the temperature, remaining fuel amount, etc. involved in this application are all obtained under full authorization.

[0050] In some embodiments, the voltage prediction method provided in the embodiments of this application is executed by an electric vehicle. The electric vehicle can be any device powered by electric energy. Optionally, the electric vehicle is a sedan, truck, bus, ship or other vehicle, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0051] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a voltage prediction method provided in the embodiments of this application. Refer to Figure 1 This method is executed by an electric vehicle, and this method includes:

[0052] 101. The electric vehicle determines the capacity of the battery of the electric vehicle at the current temperature.

[0053] Wherein, the electric vehicle is a vehicle powered by electric energy stored in a battery. For this battery, its capacity is different at different temperatures.

[0054] In this application, when the battery of the electric vehicle discharges, the working current is adjusted according to the capacity of the battery of the electric vehicle. Therefore, the electric vehicle needs to first determine the capacity of the battery at the current temperature.

[0055] 102. The electric vehicle determines the discharge rate of the battery by taking the ratio of the current working current of the battery to the capacity.

[0056] Among them, the discharge rate refers to the ratio of the working current of the battery to the current corresponding to 1 times the capacity of the battery. That is to say, the discharge rate refers to the ratio of the working current of the battery to the capacity of the battery.

[0057] 103. The electric vehicle determines the working parameters of the battery under the conditions of temperature, discharge rate, and remaining capacity of the battery according to the temperature, discharge rate, remaining capacity of the battery, and the corresponding relationship. The corresponding relationship includes the working parameters corresponding to the temperature, discharge rate, and remaining capacity.

[0058] Among them, the working parameter refers to the parameter of the battery of the electric vehicle during the working process. The corresponding relationship refers to the pre-set corresponding relationship between the temperature, discharge rate, remaining capacity, and working parameters. For the battery of the electric vehicle, the temperature, discharge rate, and remaining capacity of the battery all have an impact on the working parameters of the battery. Therefore, after the electric vehicle obtains the current temperature, discharge rate, and remaining capacity, it can determine the corresponding working parameters.

[0059] 104. The electric vehicle predicts the working voltage of the battery based on the working parameters, and obtains the predicted working voltage of the battery under the conditions of temperature and discharge rate.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, the electric vehicle adopting different working voltages in different situations will affect the service life of the battery. Therefore, the electric vehicle makes a prediction based on the determined working parameters to obtain the predicted working voltage of the battery under the corresponding temperature and discharge rate, so as to adjust the working state of the battery according to the predicted working voltage in the subsequent process.

[0061] In the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application, the electric vehicle has different working parameters at different temperatures, different discharge rates, and different remaining capacities. Therefore, the working parameters of the battery are determined according to the current temperature, discharge rate, and remaining capacity of the electric vehicle, and then the working voltage of the battery can be predicted according to the working parameters, so as to adjust the battery to work according to the determined working voltage, and further ensure that the battery works with a normal working voltage and improve the service life of the battery.

[0062] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a voltage prediction method provided by an embodiment of the present application. Refer to Figure 2 This method is executed by an electric vehicle, and this method includes:

[0063] 201. The electric vehicle discharges the battery at a preset discharge rate at a preset temperature, and obtains the working current and working voltage of the battery at intervals of a preset capacity interval.

[0064] Wherein, the preset temperature refers to the operating temperature of the battery of the electric vehicle. In some embodiments, the preset temperature can be considered as the constant temperature of the environment where the battery of the electric vehicle is located. The preset temperature is -30 °C (Celsius), -20 °C, -10 °C, 0 °C, 15 °C, 25 °C or other values, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0065] The preset discharge rate refers to the ratio of the operating current to the capacity of the battery when the battery of the electric vehicle operates at a certain operating current. In some embodiments, the preset discharge rate refers to the ratio of the operating current to the 1C current of the battery. The 1C current refers to the current that takes the value of the capacity of the battery within a unit time. For example, if the capacity of the battery is 2000 mAh (milliampere-hour), the 1C current refers to 2000 mA (milliampere). The 0.5C current refers to 1000 mA.

[0066] The preset capacity refers to the remaining capacity of the battery of the electric vehicle. In some embodiments, the remaining capacity of the battery is represented by SOC. For example, if the battery is in a full-capacity state, the remaining capacity of the battery is 100% SOC. If the battery has consumed 10% SOC, the remaining capacity of the battery is 90% SOC.

[0067] In the embodiments of the present application, the operating parameters of the battery of the electric vehicle are different under different temperatures, different discharge rates and different remaining battery levels. Therefore, it is necessary to set different temperatures, discharge rates and remaining battery levels to determine the corresponding operating parameters of the battery. The electric vehicle can discharge the battery at the preset temperature according to the preset discharge rate, and obtain the operating current and operating voltage of the battery at each preset capacity interval.

[0068] For example, when the battery of the electric vehicle is in a full-capacity state, the battery is left standing at -20 °C. In the environment of this constant temperature, after the battery is discharged at a discharge rate of 1 times by 10% SOC, record the operating voltage, operating current and remaining SOC of the battery, and then discharge it by 10% SOC again, record the operating voltage, operating current and remaining SOC of the battery, and repeat the above steps until the SOC of the battery is 0.

[0069] Or, when the battery of the electric vehicle is in a full-capacity state, the battery is left standing at 0 °C. In the environment of this constant temperature, after the battery is discharged at a discharge rate of 1.5 times by 10% SOC, record the operating voltage, operating current and remaining SOC of the battery, and then discharge it by 10% SOC again, record the operating voltage, operating current and remaining SOC of the battery, and repeat the above steps until the SOC of the battery is 0.

[0070] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 3, during the discharge process of the battery, the working voltage decreases with the increase of time. Refer to Figure 4 , the working current of the battery remains unchanged with the increase of time.

[0071] 202. The electric vehicle fits the working current and working voltage to obtain the main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance and branch capacitance of the battery.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present application, after obtaining the working current and working voltage of the battery at different temperatures, different discharge rates and different remaining capacities, the main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance and branch capacitance corresponding to the temperature, discharge rate and remaining capacity can be obtained by fitting according to the obtained working current and working voltage.

[0073] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 , which refers to the model used when fitting the working voltage and working current of the electric vehicle. In the embodiment of the present application, the main circuit includes the main circuit voltage and the active resistance, and the branch includes the branch resistance and the branch capacitance. According to Figure 5 the shown model, the main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance and branch capacitance of the battery can be determined according to the working voltage and working current.

[0074] 203. The electric vehicle establishes the corresponding relationship between the preset temperature, preset discharge rate and remaining capacity and the obtained corresponding main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance and branch capacitance.

[0075] In some embodiments, when the difference between the predicted working voltage corresponding to the main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance and branch capacitance and the actual working voltage of the battery is less than the preset voltage, the corresponding relationship between the preset temperature, preset discharge rate and remaining capacity and the obtained corresponding main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance and branch capacitance is established.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, since the obtained main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance and branch capacitance are obtained by fitting, there may be a large difference from the actual working voltage of the battery. Therefore, before establishing the corresponding relationship, it is necessary to first judge whether the difference between the predicted working voltage and the actual working voltage of the battery is too large, and then judge whether to establish the corresponding relationship.

[0077] Optionally, if the difference between the predicted working voltage and the actual working voltage corresponding to the battery is less than the preset voltage, it indicates that the predicted working voltage is close to the actual working voltage, and the corresponding relationships between the preset temperature, the preset discharge rate, and the remaining capacity and the obtained corresponding main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance, and branch capacitance can be established. If the difference between the predicted working voltage and the actual working voltage corresponding to the battery is greater than the preset voltage, it indicates that the predicted working voltage is too different from the actual working voltage, and the corresponding relationships between the preset temperature, the preset discharge rate, and the remaining capacity and the obtained corresponding main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance, and branch capacitance are not established.

[0078] For example, if the predicted working voltage is 4.5V (volts), the actual working voltage is 4.9V, and the preset voltage is 0.2V, it is determined that the difference between the predicted working voltage and the actual working voltage is greater than the preset voltage, and it does not meet the condition for establishing the corresponding relationship. If the predicted working voltage is 4.8V, the actual working voltage is 4.9V, and the preset voltage is 0.1V, it is determined that the difference between the predicted working voltage and the actual working voltage is less than the preset voltage, which meets the condition for establishing the corresponding relationship, and the corresponding relationship is established.

[0079] Optionally, the preset voltage refers to the product of the actual working voltage and the preset ratio. That is to say, in this application, when it is determined that the error between the predicted working voltage and the actual working voltage is within the preset ratio range, it indicates that the corresponding relationship can be established, and when it exceeds the preset ratio range, it indicates that the corresponding relationship cannot be established.

[0080] In this application, by verifying the predicted working voltage, it is ensured that the error between the predicted working voltage and the actual working voltage is small enough, and then the corresponding relationships between the preset temperature, the preset discharge rate, and the remaining capacity and the obtained corresponding main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance, and branch capacitance can be established, ensuring the accuracy of the established corresponding relationship.

[0081] For example, as Figure 6 shown, the obtained main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance, and branch capacitance are input into the RC model to obtain the predicted working voltage, and the actual working voltage corresponding to the battery is determined according to the working current diagram of the battery. If it is determined that the predicted working voltage matches the actual working voltage, it indicates that the main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance, and branch capacitance meet the requirements, the process ends, and the corresponding relationship is established. If it is determined that the predicted working voltage does not match the actual working voltage, it indicates that the main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance, and branch capacitance do not meet the requirements, then the parameters are modified, the main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance, and branch capacitance are re-determined, and the process of continuing to judge whether the predicted working voltage matches the actual working voltage is continued.

[0082] It should be noted that the above steps 201-203 are optional steps, and after establishing the corresponding relationship, the above steps 201-203 do not need to be executed. That is to say, before executing step 204, it is not necessary to execute the above steps 201-203 each time.

[0083] 204. The electric vehicle determines the capacity of the battery of the electric vehicle at the current temperature.

[0084] In some embodiments, there is a corresponding relationship between the battery and the capacity of the battery at different temperatures. Then, in the embodiments of the present application, the electric vehicle determines the current temperature of the electric vehicle, and then queries the corresponding relationship between the temperature and the capacity according to the current temperature, and determines the capacity of the battery of the electric vehicle at the current temperature.

[0085] 205. The electric vehicle determines the discharge rate of the battery by taking the ratio of the current working current of the battery to the capacity.

[0086] In some embodiments, the working current of the battery within a preset duration is obtained, and when it is determined that the working current of the battery within the preset duration is in a stable state, the ratio of the current working current of the battery to the capacity is determined as the discharge rate of the battery.

[0087] In the embodiments of the present application, if it is necessary to predict the working voltage of the battery of the electric vehicle under the corresponding temperature, discharge rate, and remaining capacity, it is necessary to obtain the discharge rate of the battery of the electric vehicle, and the discharge rate is related to the working current of the battery. Therefore, it is necessary to first determine whether the working current of the battery within the preset duration is stable. If it is determined that the working current of the battery within the preset duration is in a stable state, the ratio of the current working current of the battery to the capacity can be determined as the discharge rate of the battery.

[0088] 206. The electric vehicle determines the working parameters of the battery under the temperature, discharge rate, remaining capacity of the battery, and the corresponding relationship. The corresponding relationship includes the working parameters corresponding to the temperature, discharge rate, and remaining capacity.

[0089] In some embodiments, when the obtained temperature does not exist in the corresponding relationship, the working parameters corresponding to the target temperature corresponding to the minimum temperature difference in the corresponding relationship are determined as the working parameters of the battery under the temperature, discharge rate, and remaining capacity. The minimum temperature difference is the minimum difference between the temperature and each temperature in the corresponding relationship.

[0090] In an embodiment of the present application, the temperature coverage in this correspondence may not be comprehensive. Therefore, the temperature of the battery cannot find a matching temperature in the correspondence. Thus, the differences between this temperature and each temperature in the correspondence can be obtained, and the correspondence can be searched according to the temperature with the smallest difference to determine the operating parameters of the battery under this temperature, discharge rate, and remaining capacity.

[0091] For example, if the determined temperature is 23 °C, and the correspondence includes 15 °C, 20 °C, and 25 °C, it means that the smallest difference is the difference of 2 °C between 25 °C and 23 °C. Therefore, the correspondence can be searched according to 25 °C.

[0092] In some other embodiments, in the case where the obtained discharge rate does not exist in the correspondence, the operating parameters corresponding to the target discharge rate corresponding to the smallest rate difference in the correspondence are determined as the operating parameters of the battery under the temperature, discharge rate, and remaining capacity. The smallest rate difference is the smallest difference between the discharge rate and each discharge rate in the correspondence.

[0093] In an embodiment of the present application, the discharge rate coverage in this correspondence may not be comprehensive. Therefore, the discharge rate of the battery cannot find a matching discharge rate in the correspondence. Thus, the differences between this discharge rate and each discharge rate in the correspondence can be obtained, and the correspondence can be searched according to the discharge rate with the smallest difference to determine the operating parameters of the battery under the temperature, discharge rate, and remaining capacity.

[0094] For example, if the determined discharge rate is 0.8, and the correspondence includes 0.5, 1, and 1.5, it means that the smallest difference is the difference of 0.2 between 1 and 0.8. Therefore, the correspondence can be searched according to the discharge rate of 1.

[0095] In some other embodiments, in the case where the obtained remaining capacity does not exist in the correspondence, the operating parameters corresponding to the target remaining capacity corresponding to the smallest capacity difference in the correspondence are determined as the operating parameters of the battery under the temperature, discharge rate, and remaining capacity. The smallest capacity difference is the smallest difference between the remaining capacity and each remaining capacity in the correspondence.

[0096] In an embodiment of the present application, the remaining capacity coverage in this correspondence may not be comprehensive. Therefore, the remaining capacity of the battery cannot find a matching remaining capacity in the correspondence. Thus, the differences between this remaining capacity and each remaining capacity in the correspondence can be obtained, and the correspondence can be searched according to the remaining capacity with the smallest difference to determine the operating parameters of the battery under this temperature, discharge rate, and remaining capacity.

[0097] For example, if the determined remaining capacity is 800 mAh, and the corresponding values include 500 mAh, 1000 mAh, and 1500 mAh, it indicates that the minimum difference is the difference between 1000 mAh and 800 mAh, which is 200 mAh. Therefore, the corresponding relationship can be searched according to 1000 mAh.

[0098] 207. The electric vehicle determines the branch voltage based on the predicted branch resistance, the predicted branch capacitance, and the working current.

[0099] In the embodiments of the present application, the working parameters obtained by the electric vehicle include the predicted main road voltage, the predicted main road resistance, the predicted branch resistance, and the predicted branch capacitance. Therefore, the working voltage can be predicted based on the obtained working parameters.

[0100] For the working voltage of the battery, the working voltage includes three parts, namely the branch voltage, the resistance voltage, and the predicted main road voltage. Therefore, the branch voltage can be determined according to the predicted branch resistance, the predicted branch capacitance, and the working current.

[0101] In some embodiments, the electric vehicle integrates the branch voltage based on the predicted branch resistance, the predicted branch capacitance, and the working current, and updates it with the integrated branch voltage.

[0102] Optionally, the following formula is used to integrate the predicted branch resistance, the predicted branch capacitance, and the working current to obtain the branch voltage:

[0103]

[0104] Among them, U1 refers to the branch voltage, I refers to the working current, R1 refers to the predicted branch resistance, C1 refers to the predicted branch capacitance, and ∫ refers to integration.

[0105] 208. The electric vehicle determines the resistance voltage of the main road by multiplying the predicted main road resistance by the working current.

[0106] In the embodiments of the present application, the resistance voltage can also be referred to as the main road voltage, and the resistance voltage is the product of the predicted main road resistance and the working current.

[0107] 209. The electric vehicle determines the sum of the branch voltage, the resistance voltage, and the predicted main road voltage as the predicted working voltage.

[0108] In the embodiments of the present application, the working voltage of the battery is composed of the branch voltage, the resistance voltage, and the predicted main road voltage. Therefore, after determining the branch voltage and the resistance voltage, the sum of the branch voltage, the resistance voltage, and the predicted main road voltage can be determined as the predicted working voltage.

[0109] Next, take Figure 7For example, the method for predicting voltage involved in the present application will be described. Refer to Figure 7 ,

[0110] Obtain the working voltage, working current, initial remaining capacity, and temperature of the battery of the electric vehicle, determine the battery capacity at this temperature based on the temperature, then determine the current remaining capacity according to the working current and initial remaining capacity, then determine the discharge rate according to the working current and battery capacity, and based on the obtained remaining capacity, working current, and discharge rate, determine the corresponding main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance, and branch capacitance, and then predict the working voltage of the battery to obtain the predicted working voltage.

[0111] In some embodiments, in the embodiments of the present application Figure 7 As shown, it is a temperature and rate equivalent model, and the present application can use this temperature and rate equivalent model to predict the working voltage.

[0112] Refer to again Figure 8 , the present application proposes a solution that according to the working current, initial remaining capacity, and discharge duration, the remaining capacity of the battery can be determined, and the working voltage can be predicted based on the remaining capacity. For the solution of calculating with the remaining capacity, Figure 8 shows a comparison graph of the determined remaining capacity of the battery and the actually measured remaining capacity.

[0113] In the solution provided by the embodiments of the present application, electric vehicles have different working parameters at different temperatures, different discharge rates, and different remaining capacities. Therefore, according to the current temperature, discharge rate, and remaining capacity of the electric vehicle, the working parameters of the battery are determined, and then the working voltage of the battery can be predicted based on the working parameters, so as to adjust the battery to work according to the determined working voltage, and further ensure that the battery works with a normal working voltage, thereby improving the service life of the battery.

[0114] Moreover, the present application verifies the predicted working voltage to ensure that the error between the predicted working voltage and the actual working voltage is small enough, and then a corresponding relationship can be established between the preset temperature, preset discharge rate, and remaining capacity and the corresponding main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance, and branch capacitance obtained, ensuring the accuracy of the established corresponding relationship.

[0115] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage prediction device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Refer to Figure 9 , the device includes:

[0116] A determination module 901, configured to determine the capacity of the battery of the electric vehicle at the current temperature;

[0117] The determining module 901 is further configured to determine the ratio of the current working current of the battery to the capacity as the discharge rate of the battery;

[0118] The determining module 901 is further configured to determine the working parameters of the battery under the conditions of the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity of the battery according to the temperature, the discharge rate, the remaining capacity of the battery, and the corresponding relationship, where the corresponding relationship includes the working parameters corresponding to the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity;

[0119] The prediction module 902 is configured to predict the working voltage of the battery based on the working parameters to obtain the predicted working voltage of the battery under the conditions of the temperature and the discharge rate.

[0120] In a possible implementation manner, the determining module 901 is configured to:

[0121] Obtain the working current of the battery within a preset time period;

[0122] When it is determined that the working current of the battery within the preset time period is in a stable state, determine the ratio of the current working current of the battery to the capacity as the discharge rate of the battery.

[0123] In a possible implementation manner, the determining module 901 is configured to:

[0124] When the temperature does not exist in the corresponding relationship, determine the working parameters corresponding to the target temperature corresponding to the minimum temperature difference in the corresponding relationship as the working parameters of the battery under the conditions of the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity, where the minimum temperature difference is the minimum difference between the temperature and each temperature in the corresponding relationship;

[0125] When the discharge rate does not exist in the corresponding relationship, determine the working parameters corresponding to the target discharge rate corresponding to the minimum rate difference in the corresponding relationship as the working parameters of the battery under the conditions of the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity, where the minimum rate difference is the minimum difference between the discharge rate and each discharge rate in the corresponding relationship;

[0126] When the remaining capacity does not exist in the corresponding relationship, determine the working parameters corresponding to the target remaining capacity corresponding to the minimum capacity difference in the corresponding relationship as the working parameters of the battery under the conditions of the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity, where the minimum capacity difference is the minimum difference between the remaining capacity and each remaining capacity in the corresponding relationship.

[0127] In a possible implementation manner, the working parameters include the predicted main circuit voltage, the predicted main circuit resistance, the predicted branch resistance, and the predicted branch capacitance; the determining module 901 is configured to:

[0128] Determine the branch voltage based on the predicted branch resistance, the predicted branch capacitance, and the working current;

[0129] Determine the resistance voltage of the main circuit by multiplying the predicted main circuit resistance by the working current;

[0130] Determine the predicted working voltage as the sum of the branch voltage, the resistance voltage, and the predicted main circuit voltage.

[0131] In a possible implementation manner, the determining module 901 is configured to integrate the branch voltage based on the predicted branch resistance, the predicted branch capacitance, and the working current, and update the branch voltage using the integrated branch voltage.

[0132] In a possible implementation manner, referring to Figure 10 , the device further includes:

[0133] An acquisition module 903, configured to discharge the battery at a preset discharge rate at a preset temperature, and acquire the working current and working voltage of the battery at each preset capacity interval;

[0134] A fitting module 904, configured to fit the working current and the working voltage to obtain the main circuit voltage, the main circuit resistance, the branch resistance, and the branch capacitance of the battery;

[0135] A establishing module 905, configured to establish a corresponding relationship between the preset temperature, the preset discharge rate, and the remaining capacity and the corresponding main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance, and branch capacitance obtained.

[0136] In a possible implementation manner, the establishing module 905 is configured to establish a corresponding relationship between the preset temperature, the preset discharge rate, and the remaining capacity and the corresponding main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance, and branch capacitance when the difference between the predicted working voltage corresponding to the main circuit voltage, the main circuit resistance, the branch resistance, and the branch capacitance and the actual working voltage of the battery is less than a preset voltage.

[0137] It should be noted that when the voltage prediction device provided in the above embodiments predicts the voltage, only the division of the above functional modules is used for illustration. In practical applications, the above functions can be allocated to different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the electric vehicle is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the voltage prediction device provided in the above embodiments and the embodiments of the voltage prediction method belong to the same concept. For the specific implementation process, please refer to the method embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0138] Reference Figure 11 , Figure 11 shows a structural block diagram of an electric vehicle 1100 provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Generally, the electric vehicle 1100 includes: a voltage prediction device 1101.

[0139] The voltage prediction device 1101 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, and the computer-readable storage media may be non-transitory. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable storage media in the voltage prediction device 1101 is used to store at least one program code, and the at least one program code is used to be executed by the voltage prediction device 1101 to implement the operations performed by the electric vehicle in the voltage prediction method provided in the method embodiments of the present application.

[0140] Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 11 the structure shown in does not constitute a limitation on the electric vehicle 1100, and it may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine some components, or adopt different component arrangements.

[0141] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided. The computer-readable medium stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the voltage prediction method in the above embodiments.

[0142] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is further provided. The computer program product stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the voltage prediction method in the above embodiments.

[0143] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps to implement the above embodiments can be completed by hardware, or can be completed by a program instructing relevant hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The above-mentioned storage medium can be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disc, etc.

[0144] The above description is only for the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A voltage prediction method, characterized in that, The method includes: Determining the capacity of the battery of the electric vehicle at the current temperature; Determining the discharge rate of the battery by taking the ratio of the current working current of the battery to the capacity; Determining the working parameters of the battery under the conditions of the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity of the battery according to the temperature, the discharge rate, the remaining capacity of the battery, and the corresponding relationship, where the corresponding relationship includes the working parameters corresponding to the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity, and the working parameters include the predicted main circuit voltage, the predicted main circuit resistance, the predicted branch resistance, and the predicted branch capacitance; Determining the branch voltage based on the predicted branch resistance, the predicted branch capacitance, and the working current; Determining the resistance voltage of the main circuit by taking the product of the predicted main circuit resistance and the working current; Determining the predicted working voltage of the battery under the conditions of the temperature and the discharge rate by taking the sum of the branch voltage, the resistance voltage, and the predicted main circuit voltage.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the discharge rate of the battery by taking the ratio of the current working current of the battery to the capacity includes: Obtaining the working current of the battery within a preset time period; When it is determined that the working current of the battery is in a stable state within the preset time period, determining the discharge rate of the battery by taking the ratio of the current working current of the battery to the capacity.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The step of determining the working parameters of the battery under the conditions of the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity of the battery according to the temperature, the discharge rate, the remaining capacity of the battery, and the corresponding relationship includes: When the temperature does not exist in the corresponding relationship, determining the working parameters corresponding to the target temperature corresponding to the minimum temperature difference in the corresponding relationship as the working parameters of the battery under the conditions of the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity, where the minimum temperature difference is the minimum difference between the temperature and each temperature in the corresponding relationship; When the discharge rate does not exist in the corresponding relationship, determining the working parameters corresponding to the target discharge rate corresponding to the minimum rate difference in the corresponding relationship as the working parameters of the battery under the conditions of the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity, where the minimum rate difference is the minimum difference between the discharge rate and each discharge rate in the corresponding relationship; When the remaining capacity does not exist in the corresponding relationship, determining the working parameters corresponding to the target remaining capacity corresponding to the minimum capacity difference in the corresponding relationship as the working parameters of the battery under the conditions of the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity, where the minimum capacity difference is the minimum difference between the remaining capacity and each remaining capacity in the corresponding relationship.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The step of determining the branch voltage based on the predicted branch resistance, the predicted branch capacitance, and the working current includes: Integrating the branch voltage based on the predicted branch resistance, the predicted branch capacitance, and the working current, and updating the branch voltage with the integrated branch voltage.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further includes: Discharge the battery at a preset discharge rate at a preset temperature, and obtain the working current and working voltage of the battery at every preset capacity interval. Fit the working current and the working voltage to obtain the main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance, and branch capacitance of the battery. Establish a corresponding relationship between the preset temperature, the preset discharge rate, and the remaining capacity and the corresponding main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance, and branch capacitance obtained.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein The establishing the corresponding relationship between the preset temperature, the preset discharge rate, and the remaining capacity and the corresponding main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance, and branch capacitance obtained includes: When the difference between the predicted working voltage corresponding to the main circuit voltage, the main circuit resistance, the branch resistance, and the branch capacitance and the actual working voltage corresponding to the battery is less than a preset voltage, establish the corresponding relationship between the preset temperature, the preset discharge rate, and the remaining capacity and the corresponding main circuit voltage, main circuit resistance, branch resistance, and branch capacitance obtained.

7. A voltage prediction device, characterized in that, The device includes: A determination module for determining the capacity of the battery of the electric vehicle at the current temperature. The determination module is further configured to determine the ratio of the current working current of the battery to the capacity as the discharge rate of the battery. The determination module is further configured to determine the working parameters of the battery under the conditions of the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity according to the temperature, the discharge rate, the remaining capacity of the battery, and the corresponding relationship. The corresponding relationship includes the working parameters corresponding to the temperature, the discharge rate, and the remaining capacity. The working parameters include the predicted main circuit voltage, the predicted main circuit resistance, the predicted branch resistance, and the predicted branch capacitance. A prediction module for determining the branch voltage based on the predicted branch resistance, the predicted branch capacitance, and the working current; determining the resistance voltage of the main circuit resistance as the product of the predicted main circuit resistance and the working current; and determining the sum of the branch voltage, the resistance voltage, and the predicted main circuit voltage as the predicted working voltage of the battery under the conditions of the temperature and the discharge rate.

8. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, The electric vehicle includes a voltage prediction device, and the voltage prediction device stores at least one program code, which is loaded and executed by the voltage prediction device to implement the voltage prediction method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, At least one program code is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the voltage prediction method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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