Preparation method and construction process of putty-free plastering gypsum mortar

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and construction process of a putty-free plastering gypsum mortar, which includes S1: preparing and screening expanded perlite; S2: weighing rosin and putting it into container one, adding distilled water, adding maleic anhydride, sodium hydroxide and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, heating and stirring, then adding TEA, heating and stirring, then cooling to room temperature, when the solution is completely solidified into a solid, taking out the solid, and grinding the solid into fine particles less than 80 μm; S3: taking limestone powder in container two, adding HPMC, HPS, GR, air entraining agent, defoamer, and then adding the material prepared in container one and stirring for 2 3 min in a closed manner; S4: adding expanded perlite and the material in container two to building gypsum, sealing and preserving, and obtaining putty-free plastering gypsum mortar. The present invention uses various industrial by-product gypsums and can be used as the raw material of building gypsum, makes full use of industrial solid waste, and is beneficial to environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of building materials and construction applications, and in particular to a preparation method of putty-free plastering gypsum mortar and a construction process thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the domestic economy and the continuous expansion of urban scale, the rapid increase in urban population has led to the demand for a large number of buildings and structures in order to provide relatively independent space for people's production and life. At the same time, people's demand for sound insulation, heat preservation, decoration and other functions of buildings is also getting higher and higher. The interior wall, as the main enclosing structure of the building, plays the role of isolating the adverse influence of the external environment. It is required to have functions such as heat preservation, heat insulation, sound insulation, waterproof, moisture-proof, fire resistance, and durability. It has become an important part of the building, especially the interior wall of the house is closely related to people's living environment.

[0003] In the past, the surface decoration of the interior walls of buildings was mainly achieved by applying high-energy-consuming building materials such as cement mortar to achieve functions such as sealing and leveling. In recent years, with the improvement of domestic requirements for environmental protection, a large number of new building materials such as functional materials and composite materials have been used in residential interior leveling and decoration. Among them, lightweight plaster gypsum mortar is the most widely used interior wall plastering material, which plays the role of decoration, heat preservation and sound insulation.

[0004] To ensure the thickness and smoothness of the decorative layer, a second coat of interior wall putty is often applied to the exterior of the finishing mortar. Generally, two coats of interior wall putty are applied: one for base putty and one for surface putty, with a total thickness of approximately 3mm. Paint or other decorative materials, such as wallpaper, are then applied to the exterior of the interior wall putty. This thick coat of putty, simply to ensure a flat and smooth bottom surface when applying the paint layer, not only wastes a significant amount of material but also significantly increases the construction process, increasing construction costs and reducing efficiency. Each coat of putty requires additional sanding before the second coat is applied, requiring significant labor. Furthermore, the second coat of putty requires a period of drying and airing after the first coat, which undoubtedly increases construction time and costs. Multiple coats of putty compromise the integrity of the interior wall structure, resulting in poor overall integrity and weak adhesion between layers, which can easily lead to peeling, cracking, and other problems, posing quality risks for subsequent construction.

[0005] The present invention focuses on solving the problems of complex construction procedures, low construction efficiency, and high construction costs of current building interior walls, overcomes the deficiencies of the existing technology, and provides a putty-free plastering gypsum mortar and construction process. A search of existing patents revealed that the patent application CN202011027670 provides an exterior wall insulation putty-free plaster mortar and its construction process. The patent uses white cement as a binder, which is not conducive to reducing the carbon emissions of the plaster mortar; Patent CN202210007466 "A high water-retention natural gypsum putty-free mortar and its construction method" provides an interior wall putty-free plaster mortar that also uses white cement, while Patent CN201610348771 "One-time forming putty-free chemical phosphogypsum mortar machine spraying method" no longer uses white cement, but adds 15% to 25% sand. Similarly, Patent CN201610348772 "One-time forming putty-free desulfurized gypsum mortar and its spraying method" also uses 15% to 25% sand. There is no essential difference between the two patents. They just use different gypsums as binders, but both use river sand. Sand, as a natural mineral material, is non-renewable. The use of sand is not conducive to saving limited natural resources. At the same time, it increases the wet density of the plaster mortar and reduces the construction area of the mortar. Patent CN201811605415 also uses white cement as an inorganic cementitious material. Patent CN201621385672 provides a construction process for plaster mortar, pointing out that the base layer is primed with gypsum. The construction method is to stick a glass fiber mesh cloth on the upper part of the gypsum, and then apply the first putty layer on the upper part of the mesh cloth. After completion, continue to apply the second putty layer, and finally apply the latex paint surface layer. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a putty-free plastering gypsum mortar and its construction process, so as to solve the technical problem in the prior art that after multiple layers of putty are applied, the integrity of the interior wall structure is affected, the integrity is poor, the adhesion between layers is weak, and peeling, cracking and other problems easily occur, which brings quality risks to subsequent construction and use.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a putty-free plastering gypsum mortar and a construction process thereof, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1: Prepare and screen expanded perlite. Preheat the perlite in a rotary reactor at 200-300°C for 10 minutes, then heat it to 900-1100°C in a vertical static reactor and calcine it for 20-30 seconds to obtain expanded perlite with a bulk density of 60-150 g / L. Pass the obtained expanded perlite through a cyclone separator at a speed of 10 m / s to remove particles smaller than 150 μm obtained by dust collection at the bottom. Collect the dust particles mixed with the air through a bag dust collector for later use. Pass the obtained coarse powder through a 20-mesh sieve to remove the oversize material.

[0010] S2: Weigh rosin and place it in container 1, add distilled water, continue to add maleic anhydride at 0.6-0.7 times the molar mass of rosin, raise the temperature to 30-40°C, add sodium hydroxide at 10%-20% of the mass of rosin, continue to raise the temperature to 70-80°C, add 1% dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, stir at 30-40 r / min for 30-60 min, then add 25% triethanolamine, raise the temperature to 150-170°C, continue to stir at 50-60 r / min for 20-30 min, then cool to room temperature, when the solution is completely solidified into a solid, remove the solid, and grind the solid into fine particles less than 80 μm in a vibration mill at 20 times / min;

[0011] S3: Grinding fineness is 350~450m 2 / kg limestone powder is added to container 2, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl starch ether, aspartic acid, air entraining agent, defoaming agent, and then the prepared material in container 1 is added in an amount of 0.5‰ to 1‰. Stir in a closed container for 2 to 3 minutes, stir evenly and set aside;

[0012] S4: calcining the gypsum at 150° C. to 180° C. to obtain a building gypsum with a crystalline water content of less than 6%, wherein the content of type AIII anhydrous gypsum is less than 5%, and storing the obtained building gypsum in a sealed container at room temperature for 7 to 14 days for future use;

[0013] S5: adding the expanded perlite screened in step S1 to 70-90% of the building gypsum in an amount of 3-4%, adding the material in container 2 in an amount of 2-3%, and sealing and storing the mixed materials to obtain putty-free plastering gypsum mortar.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S1, the diameter of the cyclone separator is 1000-1250 mm, and the air volume to be processed is 7230-11600 m 3 / h.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S3, the amount of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is 3-4 kg / t, the amount of hydroxypropyl starch ether is 1-2 kg / t, the amount of aspartic acid is 2-3 kg / t, the amount of air entraining agent is 0-1 kg / t, and the amount of defoaming agent is 3-4 kg / t.

[0016] Furthermore, the air entraining agent is triterpenoid saponin, and the defoaming agent is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether.

[0017] Furthermore, the preparation method of putty-free plaster gypsum mortar according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step S5, the stirring temperature is 20-25°C, the rotation speed is 60-80r / min, and the stirring time is 2-3min.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S4, the gypsum is one or more natural or chemical dihydrate gypsums such as natural gypsum, phosphogypsum, desulfurized gypsum, titanium gypsum, fluorinated gypsum, citric acid gypsum, and lactic acid gypsum.

[0019] The present invention provides a construction process for putty-free plastering gypsum mortar, comprising the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Add 60% to 70% tap water to the putty-free plaster mortar and mix evenly. Use a 2m ruler to apply the gypsum mortar close to the construction wall. Adjust the ruler to the other side and scrape the mortar to form a 2-3cm wide rib. After 24h to 48h to form strength and dry, apply mortar between the two vertical strips.

[0021] Step 2: 48 to 70 hours after the construction is completed, use a steel ball with a diameter of 20mm to 30mm and press it against the wall with a force of 0.05KN to 0.15KN. If a pit with a diameter greater than 3mm appears, the batch fails the inspection. Reapply the mortar, wait for it to dry, and then re-inspect it to meet the requirements before proceeding to the next step.

[0022] Step 3: The wall surface that has passed the inspection is first polished with 120-mesh emery paper for 10-15 minutes, and then polished with 240-mesh emery paper for 10-15 minutes to form a flat wall surface with a vertical deviation of no more than 3mm and a flatness of no more than 4mm. Apply the acrylic-based wallpaper base film and paste wallpaper or wallpaper.

[0023] Based on the above technical solution, the embodiments of the present invention can produce at least the following technical effects:

[0024] (1) The present invention provides a putty-free plastering gypsum mortar and its construction process, which changes the shortcomings of the past technology, does not add cement and sand, reduces carbon emissions, reduces the construction process of interior wall leveling and plastering, improves construction efficiency, and reduces construction costs. The gypsum lightweight plastering mortar has low porosity, good flexibility, and strength greater than 0.3MPa, is suitable for further decoration such as pasting wallpaper, has good construction effect, and is a high-lightweight plastering mortar without adding any substances harmful to the human body and the environment.

[0025] (2) The present invention provides a putty-free plastering gypsum mortar and its construction process. Part of the materials in this process are recycled, and no high-value materials need to be added. The process has high feasibility. Various industrial by-product gypsums can be used as raw materials for building gypsum, making full use of industrial solid waste and being beneficial to environmental protection. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0027] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0028] S1: Prepare and screen expanded perlite. Take 500g of perlite and preheat it at 200℃ in a rotary reactor for 10min. Then heat it to 1000℃ in a vertical static reactor and calcine it for 30s to obtain expanded perlite with a bulk density of 100g / l. Pass the obtained expanded perlite through a 1000-1250mm diameter air flow rate of 7230-11600m at a speed of 10m / s. 3 / h cyclone separator, remove particles smaller than 150μm obtained by dust collection at the bottom, collect the dust particles mixed with the air through a bag dust collector for later use, and pass the obtained coarse powder through a 20-mesh sieve to remove the oversize material;

[0029] S2: Accurately weigh 1.0 kg of rosin and place it in a 1000 ml container. Add 40 g of distilled water, then add 0.7 times the molar mass of maleic anhydride, raise the temperature to 40°C, add 15% of the mass of rosin in sodium hydroxide, continue to raise the temperature to 80°C, add 1% of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, stir at 40 r / min for 40 min, then add 25% of triethanolamine, raise the temperature to 160°C, continue to stir at 60 r / min for 30 min, then cool to room temperature. When the solution is completely solidified into a solid, remove the solid and grind the solid into fine particles less than 80 μm in a vibration mill at 20 times / min.

[0030] S3: Take 30kg of powder and grind it to a fineness of 350-450m 2 / kg of limestone powder is added to container 2, and 4kg / t of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 2kg / t of hydroxypropyl starch ether, 3kg / t of aspartic acid, 1kg / t of triterpenoid saponin as an air entraining agent, and 4kg / t of an organosilicon defoamer are added. 1‰ of the material prepared in container 1 is added, and the above materials are added to a sealed container and stirred for 3 minutes. Stir evenly and set aside.

[0031] S4: calcining building gypsum at 160° C. to obtain building gypsum with a crystalline water content of less than 6%, and storing the obtained building gypsum in a sealed container at room temperature for 12 days for future use;

[0032] S5: Add 4% expanded perlite and 3% of the substance prepared in container 2 to 80% of the building gypsum, stir the three at a temperature of 25°C and a speed of 80 r / min for 3 minutes, and seal the stirred material to obtain putty-free plaster gypsum mortar;

[0033] S6: Add 70% tap water to the mortar and mix evenly. Use a 2m ruler to apply gypsum mortar close to the construction wall. Adjust the ruler to the other side and scrape the mortar to form a 3cm wide rib. After 48 hours of reinforcement to form strength and dry, apply gypsum plaster mortar between the two vertical strips.

[0034] S7: 60 hours after the completion of construction, use a steel ball with a diameter of 30mm to press the steel ball to the finished wall with a force of 0.1KN. If a pit with a diameter greater than 3mm appears, the batch inspection is unqualified. Reapply the above-mentioned gypsum plaster mortar, wait for it to dry, and then re-inspect it to meet the requirements before proceeding to the next step;

[0035] S8: The wall surface that has passed the inspection shall be first polished with 120-mesh emery paper for 15 minutes, and then polished with 240-mesh emery paper for 15 minutes to form a flat wall surface with a vertical deviation of no more than 3mm and a flatness of no more than 4mm. Apply the acrylic-based wallpaper base film and paste wallpaper or wallpaper.

[0036] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing putty-free plaster gypsum mortar, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1: Prepare and screen expanded perlite. Preheat the perlite in a rotary reactor at 200-300°C for 10 minutes, then heat it to 900-1100°C in a vertical static reactor and calcine it for 20-30 seconds to obtain expanded perlite with a bulk density of 60-150 g / L. Pass the obtained expanded perlite through a cyclone separator at a speed of 10 m / s to remove particles smaller than 150 μm obtained by dust collection at the bottom. Collect the dust particles mixed with the air through a bag dust collector for later use. Pass the obtained coarse powder through a 20-mesh sieve to remove the oversize material. S2: Weigh rosin and place it in container 1, add distilled water, continue to add maleic anhydride at 0.6-0.7 times the molar mass of rosin, raise the temperature to 30-40°C, add sodium hydroxide at 10%-20% of the mass of rosin, continue to raise the temperature to 70-80°C, add 1% dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, stir at 30-40 r / min for 30-60 min, then add 25% triethanolamine, raise the temperature to 150-170°C, continue to stir at 50-60 r / min for 20-30 min, then cool to room temperature, when the solution is completely solidified into a solid, remove the solid, and grind the solid into fine particles less than 80 μm in a vibration mill at 20 times / min; S3: Grinding fineness is 350~450m 2 / kg limestone powder is placed in container 2, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl starch ether, aspartic acid, air entraining agent, defoaming agent are added, and then the substance prepared in step S2 is added in an amount of 0.5‰ to 1‰, and stirred in a closed container for 2 to 3 minutes. Stir until evenly mixed and set aside; S4: calcining the gypsum at 150° C. to 180° C. to obtain a building gypsum with a crystalline water content of less than 6%, wherein the content of type AIII anhydrous gypsum is less than 5%, and storing the obtained building gypsum in a sealed container at room temperature for 7 to 14 days for future use; S5: adding the expanded perlite screened in step S1 to 70-90% of the building gypsum in an amount of 3-4%, and adding the substance prepared in step S3 in an amount of 2-3%, and sealing and storing the mixed raw materials to obtain putty-free plastering gypsum mortar.

2. The method for preparing the putty-free plastering gypsum mortar according to claim 1, wherein: In step S1, the diameter of the cyclone separator is 1000-1250 mm, and the air volume to be processed is 7230-11600 m 3 / h.

3. The method for preparing putty-free plastering gypsum mortar according to claim 1, wherein: In step S3, the amount of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is 3-4 kg / t, the amount of hydroxypropyl starch ether is 1-2 kg / t, the amount of aspartic acid is 2-3 kg / t, the amount of air entraining agent is 0-1 kg / t, and the amount of defoaming agent is 3-4 kg / t.

4. The method for preparing putty-free plastering gypsum mortar according to claim 3, wherein: The air entraining agent is triterpenoid saponin, and the defoaming agent is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether.

5. The method for preparing putty-free plastering gypsum mortar according to claim 1, wherein: The method for preparing putty-free plaster gypsum mortar according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step S5, the stirring temperature is 20-25°C, the rotation speed is 60-80 r / min, and the stirring time is 2-3 min.

6. The method for preparing putty-free plastering gypsum mortar according to claim 1, wherein: In step S4, the gypsum is one or more of natural gypsum, phosphogypsum, desulfurized gypsum, titanium gypsum, fluorinated gypsum, citric acid gypsum, and lactic acid gypsum.

7. A construction process for putty-free plastering gypsum mortar, wherein the putty-free plastering gypsum mortar is prepared according to the preparation method of putty-free plastering gypsum mortar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Add 60% to 70% tap water to the putty-free plaster mortar and mix evenly. Use a 2m ruler to apply the gypsum mortar close to the construction wall. Adjust the ruler to the other side and scrape the mortar to form a 2-3cm wide rib. After 24h to 48h to form strength and dry, apply mortar between the two vertical strips. Step 2: 48 to 70 hours after the construction is completed, use a steel ball with a diameter of 20mm to 30mm and press it against the wall with a force of 0.05KN to 0.15KN. If a pit with a diameter greater than 3mm appears, the batch fails the inspection. Reapply the mortar, wait for it to dry, and then re-inspect it to meet the requirements before proceeding to the next step. Step 3: The wall surface that has passed the inspection is first polished with 120-mesh emery paper for 10-15 minutes, and then polished with 240-mesh emery paper for 10-15 minutes to form a flat wall surface with a vertical deviation of no more than 3mm and a flatness of no more than 4mm. Apply the acrylic-based wallpaper base film and paste wallpaper or wallpaper.