A direct-acting multi-way switching valve

Abstract

The present invention discloses a direct-acting multi-way switching valve, which includes a valve housing, a valve core and a drive assembly. The valve housing has a connected balancing chamber and a valve chamber, and is provided with 2n or 2n-1 valve ports connected to the valve chamber; a sealing ring assembly is provided between the balancing chamber and the valve chamber and between adjacent valve ports, and the balancing chamber and the valve chamber and between adjacent valve ports are connected through the sealing ring assembly; the axial direction of the sealing ring assembly is consistent with the axial direction of the valve housing, and multiple sealing ring assemblies are coaxially arranged, the valve core passes through the sealing ring assembly, a flow channel is provided in the valve core, and two groups of flow channel ports are spaced apart on the valve core; n sealing protrusions that can match and seal with the sealing ring assembly are spaced apart on the valve core between the two groups of flow channel ports; the drive assembly drives the valve core to move along the axial direction of the valve housing; wherein n is an integer greater than 1. The multi-way switching valve of the present application has a core that adopts a direct-acting design, is easy to process, simple to install, smaller in size and has a better sealing effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of switching valves, and in particular to a direct-acting multi-way switching valve. Background Art

[0002] Most existing multi-way switching valves use an electric ball valve structure, which is generally sealed by a sealing member. For example, the fluid management device disclosed in patent application document CN114439972A is equipped with a first valve seat and a second valve seat to seal the valve core. However, during the production process, it is difficult to control the gap or interference between the valve core and the first and second valve seats. If the interference is too large, the valve core will be difficult to rotate, while if the interference is too small, it will be difficult to achieve a sealing effect, making it difficult to achieve mass production. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new technical solution. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a direct-acting multi-way switching valve with a balancing flow channel. The balancing flow channel is integrated with the internal flow channel on the valve stem, resulting in a simple structure, a smaller size, and easy processing. A bushing for assembling a sealing ring assembly is also provided, making the sealing ring assembly easy to assemble, having a good sealing effect and being difficult to dislodge. The specific solution is as follows:

[0004] A direct-acting multi-way switching valve comprises a valve housing, a valve core and a drive assembly, wherein the valve housing has a balancing chamber and a valve chamber connected along the axial direction, the valve housing is provided with 2n or 2n-1 valve ports distributed along the axial direction of the valve housing, the valve ports are connected to the valve chamber; sealing ring assemblies are respectively provided between the balancing chamber and the valve chamber and between adjacent valve ports, and the balancing chamber and the valve chamber and between adjacent valve ports are connected through corresponding sealing ring assemblies; the axial direction of the sealing ring assembly is consistent with the axial direction of the valve housing, and a plurality of the sealing ring assemblies are provided. The sealing ring assembly is coaxially arranged; the valve core passes through the sealing ring assembly, a flow channel is arranged in the valve core, and the valve core is provided with two groups of flow channel openings spaced apart along the axial direction of the valve housing, and each group includes at least one flow channel opening connected to the flow channel; n sealing protrusions capable of matching and sealing with the sealing ring assembly are spaced apart on the valve core along the axial direction of the valve housing between the two groups of flow channel openings; the drive assembly is configured to drive the valve core to move in the sealing ring assembly along the axial direction of the valve housing; wherein n is an integer greater than 1.

[0005] Furthermore, it also includes a sleeve, which is arranged in the valve cavity, and is sealed between the sleeve and the valve housing. The sleeve has a accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity is connected to the balancing cavity. The sleeve is provided with multiple groups of ports, and each group includes at least one port connected to the accommodating cavity, and the multiple groups of ports are connected one-to-one with the multiple valve ports on the housing.

[0006] Furthermore, the bushing is in a hollow tubular shape, and its tubular cavity constitutes the accommodating cavity. The axial direction of the bushing is consistent with the axial direction of the valve housing. The accommodating cavity is connected with the balancing cavity through the pipe opening on one end of the bushing. The inner wall of the bushing is respectively provided with sealing accommodating grooves between two adjacent groups of openings and between the balancing cavity and the nearest opening.

[0007] Furthermore, the valve cavity includes a first cavity portion and a second cavity portion that are connected along the axial direction of the valve housing, the first cavity portion is connected to the balancing cavity, the valve port farthest from the balancing cavity is connected to the second cavity portion, and the remaining valve ports are respectively connected to the first cavity portion, the size of the first cavity portion is larger than the size of the second cavity portion, a stop surface is formed between the first cavity portion and the second cavity portion, the bushing is arranged in the first cavity portion, one end side of the bushing abuts against the stop surface, the stop surface is concave at the cavity port where the second cavity portion is connected to the first cavity portion, and a sealing accommodating groove is formed between the stop surface and the end side of the bushing.

[0008] Furthermore, the sealing ring assembly is embedded in the sealing accommodating groove, and the inner wall of the sealing ring assembly extends out of the inner wall of the bushing.

[0009] Furthermore, a first stop flange is provided inwardly at the opening of the sealing groove to stop the sealing ring assembly. The sealing ring assembly includes a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring. The second sealing ring is sleeved on the periphery of the first sealing ring. The first sealing ring has a second stop flange extending outwardly from the end in the axial direction to match the first stop flange.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner edge corners of the first sealing ring are provided with chamfers; and / or the first sealing ring is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of seals are provided between the bushing and the valve housing. The plurality of seals are respectively located between adjacent valve ports and between the balancing chamber and the nearest valve port, and are used to block the gap between the bushing and the valve housing at the corresponding sealing locations.

[0012] Furthermore, the bushing is an integrally formed structure or a split structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the valve housing includes a valve seat housing and a drive housing, the valve cavity is arranged in the valve seat housing, and a connecting port communicating with the valve cavity is provided on one side of the valve seat housing. The drive housing is connected at the connecting port, and a concave cavity is provided on the side of the drive housing facing the valve cavity to form the balance cavity, and a guide rotation limiting structure is provided in the balance cavity. One end of the valve core extends into the balance cavity and is provided with a rotation limiting structure for limiting the rotation of the valve core that matches the guide rotation limiting structure. The drive assembly includes a stator assembly, a rotor assembly and a power output shaft arranged in the drive housing, one end of the power output shaft is threadedly connected to the valve core, and the stator assembly is configured to drive the rotor assembly to drive the power output shaft to rotate, thereby driving the valve core to move along the axial direction of the valve housing.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the direct-acting multi-way switching valve of the present application has at least one or more of the following beneficial effects:

[0015] (1) The direct-acting multi-way switching valve of the present application has a valve core that adopts a direct-acting design, is easy to process, simple to install, smaller in size and has a better sealing effect;

[0016] (2) The direct-acting multi-way switching valve of the present application has a valve core provided with a flow channel, which can be used to connect the valve port on the one hand, and can also serve as a balancing flow channel on the other hand, thereby balancing the fluid pressure upstream and downstream of the valve core, reducing the resistance generated by the upstream and downstream pressure difference when the valve core switches positions, making the valve core easier to drive and saving energy consumption; at the same time, the structure of the valve core is simpler, easier to process and smaller in size;

[0017] (3) The direct-acting multi-way switching valve of the present application is provided with a bushing for assembling the sealing ring assembly, which makes the assembly of the sealing ring assembly simple; a stop flange is provided at the end of the sealing accommodating groove, which can form a stop limit for the sealing ring assembly installed in the sealing accommodating groove to prevent the sealing ring assembly from falling out of the sealing accommodating groove;

[0018] (4) The direct-acting multi-way switching valve of the present application has a sealing ring assembly composed of two sealing rings. The inner ring sealing ring is preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which has excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance, sealing, high lubricity and non-stickiness, electrical insulation and good anti-aging resistance, while the outer ring sealing ring is preferably an O-ring, which can provide elastic support for the inner ring sealing ring;

[0019] (5) The direct-acting multi-way switching valve of the present application cleverly utilizes the pipe opening at one end of the bushing as another through port, thereby reducing the number of annular grooves and through ports on the outer wall of the bushing, which can reduce the volume of the bushing, reduce manufacturing costs, and also reduce the number of sealing components. While reducing costs, it can also reduce the number of assembled parts and improve assembly efficiency;

[0020] (6) The bushing of the direct-acting multi-way switching valve of the present application is preferably of a split type, so that the installation of the sealing ring assembly and the sealing member becomes simpler and more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a half-section structure of a direct-acting multi-way switching valve provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of point I in the middle;

[0023] Figure 3 and Figure 4 Schematic diagrams of exploded cross-sectional structures between each bushing sub-body and the valve seat housing provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a bushing sub-body provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the bushing sub-body at position A is shown;

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the valve core provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the half-section structure of the valve core shown.

[0028] Among them, 1-valve housing, 11-drive housing, 111-balance chamber, 1111-guide rotation limiting structure, 112-upper housing, 113-lower housing, 1131-protrusion structure, 114-sleeve, 115-locking member, 12-valve seat housing, 121-valve chamber, 1211-first chamber portion, 1212-second chamber portion, 1213-stop surface, 122-valve port, 123-first valve port, 124-second valve port, 125-third valve port, 126-fourth valve port, 2-valve core, 21-flow channel, 22-flow channel port, 23-sealing protrusion, 24-rotation limiting structure, 3-drive group Parts, 31-stator assembly, 32-rotor assembly, 33-power output shaft, 4-sealing ring assembly, 41-first sealing ring, 411-second stop flange, 42-second sealing ring, 43-first sealing ring assembly, 44-second sealing ring assembly, 45-third sealing ring assembly, 46-fourth sealing ring assembly, 5-bushing, 51-accommodating chamber, 52-through port, 53-bushing sub-body, 531-first end side, 532-second end side, 533-first annular groove, 534-second annular groove, 54-baffle, 6-sealing accommodating groove, 61-first stop flange, 7-sealing part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose of the invention, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Example

[0030] The present embodiment provides a direct-acting multi-way switching valve, which includes a valve housing 1, a valve core 2 and a drive assembly 3. The valve housing 1 has a balancing chamber 111 and a valve chamber 121 that are connected along the axial direction. The valve housing 1 is provided with 2n valve ports 122 distributed along the axial direction of the valve housing 1, and the valve ports 122 are connected to the valve chamber 121. Sealing ring assemblies 4 are respectively provided between the balancing chamber 111 and the valve chamber 121 and between adjacent valve ports 122, and the balancing chamber 111 and the valve chamber 121 and between adjacent valve ports 122 are connected through corresponding sealing ring assemblies 4. The axial direction of the sealing ring assembly 4 is consistent with the axial direction of the valve housing 1, and multiple sealing ring assemblies 4 are coaxially arranged.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, a four-way switching valve structure is schematically illustrated, i.e., the valve housing 1 is provided with four valve ports 122, i.e., n is 2. Of course, in a specific implementation, the number of valve ports 122 is not limited to four, and n can also be any integer greater than 1, thereby forming switching valves with different numbers of ports. For example, six valve ports 122 are provided, i.e., n is 3, thereby forming a six-way switching valve; or eight valve ports 122 are provided, i.e., n is 4, thereby forming an eight-way switching valve, and so on.

[0032] The valve housing 1 is preferably composed of a valve seat housing 12 and a drive housing 11. The axial direction of the valve seat housing 12 is also the axial direction of the valve housing 1. The valve seat housing 12 has an inner cavity, and a connection port communicating with the inner cavity is provided on one side of the axial direction of the valve seat housing 12. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown. The drive housing 11 is connected to the connection port. A concave cavity is provided on the side of the drive housing 11 facing the valve cavity 121. When the drive housing 11 and the valve seat housing 12 are sealed and connected, the inner cavity of the valve seat housing 12 becomes the valve cavity 121 of the valve housing 1, and the concave cavity on the drive housing 11 becomes the balancing cavity 111 and is connected to the valve cavity 121. Figure 1 The valve ports 122 are respectively arranged on the valve seat housing 12. Preferably, the 2n valve ports 122 on the valve seat housing 12 are staggered between adjacent two valve ports 122, for example Figure 4In the four-way switching valve schematically shown in FIG, two adjacent valve ports 122 are located on either side of the valve seat housing 12, that is, the angle between adjacent valve ports 122 in the circumferential direction of the valve seat housing 12 is 180°. Of course, the distribution position of each valve port 122 on the valve seat housing 12 in the circumferential direction of the valve seat housing 12 is not limited to the above-mentioned one. In specific implementation, it can be set arbitrarily as needed. For example, the angle between adjacent valve ports 122 in the circumferential direction of the valve seat housing 12 can also be 30°, 60°, or 90°, etc.; of course, it can also be 0°, that is, 2n valve ports 122 are arranged in a row along the axis of the valve seat housing 12. However, since the valve ports 122 have a certain size, the distribution method of the arrangement will, to a certain extent, lead to a larger volume of the valve seat housing 12. However, adopting a staggered distribution between two adjacent valve ports 122 can effectively reduce the volume of the valve seat housing 12, which is more conducive to the overall miniaturization design of the switching valve.

[0033] The sealing ring assembly 4 is preferably arranged in the valve cavity 121 through the bushing 5. The bushing 5 is sealed with the valve housing 1. The bushing 5 has a receiving cavity 51, and the receiving cavity 51 is connected to the balancing cavity 111. The bushing 5 is provided with 2n groups of openings 52, each group including at least one opening 52 connected to the receiving cavity 51, and the 2n groups of openings 52 are connected to the 2n valve ports 122 in a one-to-one correspondence. The inner wall of the bushing 5 is provided with sealing receiving grooves 6 between two adjacent groups of openings 52 and between the balancing cavity 111 and the nearest opening 52. The sealing ring assembly 4 is embedded in the sealing receiving grooves 6, and the inner ring wall of the sealing ring assembly 4 extends out of the inner wall of the bushing 5. The bushing 5 is preferably hollow tubular, and its tubular cavity is also the receiving cavity 51. The axial direction of the bushing 5 is consistent with the axial direction of the valve housing 1. The accommodating cavity 51 is connected to the balancing cavity 111 through the pipe opening on the corresponding end side of the bushing 5. The pipe opening of the bushing 5 is defined as the first pipe opening, and the other pipe opening is defined as the second pipe opening. Preferably, a total of 2n-1 groups of openings 52 are provided on the outer wall of the bushing 5, and the second pipe opening on the bushing 5 is used as another opening, for example Figure 1 In the schematic diagram of the four-way switching valve structure, the outer wall of the bushing 5 is provided with three groups of openings 52, and the second pipe opening at the lower end serves as another opening of the bushing 5. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0034] The valve cavity 121 includes a first cavity portion 1211 and a second cavity portion 1212 along the axial direction of the valve seat housing 12. The first cavity portion 1211 is connected to the connecting port, so that after the valve seat housing 12 is connected to the drive housing 11, the first cavity portion 1211 is connected to the balancing cavity 111. Among the valve ports 122 on the valve seat housing 12, the valve port 122 farthest from the balancing cavity 111 is connected to the second cavity portion 1212, while the remaining valve ports 122 are connected to the first cavity portion 1211. The size of the first cavity portion 1211 is larger than that of the second cavity portion 1212, thereby forming a stop surface 1213 between the first cavity portion 1211 and the second cavity portion 1212. During installation, the bushing 5 is installed into the first cavity portion 1211 through the connecting port, and the axial direction of the bushing 5 is aligned with the axial direction of the valve seat housing 12. After the drive housing 11 is connected to the valve seat housing 12, the drive housing 11 and the stop surface 1213 respectively limit the two end sides of the bushing 5, so that the bushing 5 is restricted and installed in the first cavity 1211, and the two end sides of the bushing 5 respectively abut against the drive housing 11 and the stop surface 1213. The accommodating cavity 51 is connected to the balancing cavity 111 through the first pipe opening, and is connected to the second cavity 1212 through the second pipe opening.

[0035] The outer wall of the bushing 5 is provided with first annular grooves 533 at the corresponding valve ports 122, and each first annular groove 533 is provided with a group of the through ports 52. Figure 1 、 Figure 3 or Figure 4 As shown. It should be noted that, as shown in the figure, four through-ports 52 are provided at equal angles in the circumferential direction in the first annular groove 533. In a specific implementation, the number of through-ports 52 in the first annular groove 533 is not limited to four, and can also be any other number. When the bushing 5 is installed in the first cavity 1211, a flow channel cavity will be formed between the first annular groove 533 on the bushing 5 and the inner wall of the first cavity 1211, and the flow channel cavity is connected to the corresponding valve port 122. Through this structural design, it can be ensured that when the bushing 5 is installed, the through-port 52 on the bushing 5 does not need to be aligned with the valve port 122 to achieve the communication between the through-port 52 and the corresponding valve port 122, and the bushing 5 will be simpler and more convenient to install.

[0036] Furthermore, a plurality of seals 7 are provided between the bushing 5 and the valve housing 1. The seals 7 are respectively located between adjacent valve ports 122 and between the balancing chamber 111 and the nearest valve port 122, and are used to block and seal the gaps between the bushing 5 and the valve housing 1, i.e., the valve seat housing 12, at the corresponding locations. Figure 1 As shown in FIG, the outer wall of the bushing 5 is provided with second annular grooves 534 between adjacent first annular grooves 533 and between the balancing chamber 111 and the nearest first annular groove 533. The seal 7 is preferably a sealing ring, nested within the second annular groove 534. When the bushing 5 is installed within the first cavity 1211, the seal 7 abuts and seals against the second annular groove 534 and the inner wall of the first cavity 1211, thereby preventing fluid in one valve port 122 from leaking through the gap between the bushing 5 and the valve seat housing 12 to the other valve port 122 or into the balancing chamber 111. This embodiment cleverly utilizes the second pipe opening of the bushing 5 as another through-port, thereby reducing the number of first annular grooves 533, second annular grooves 534, and through-ports 52 on the outer wall of the bushing 5. This reduces the volume of the bushing 5, lowers manufacturing costs, and also reduces the number of seals 7. This reduces costs and the number of assembled parts, thereby improving assembly efficiency.

[0037] Of course, it should be noted that the above structural design of the bushing 5 is only a preferred solution. In actual implementation, the 2n groups of openings 52 on the bushing 5 can also be provided on its outer wall. In this solution, it is sufficient to ensure that the bottom end of the bushing 5 directly abuts the bottom wall of the valve cavity 121 and that each first annular groove 533 on the outer wall is in one-to-one communication with each valve port 122.

[0038] The bushing 5 can be an integrally formed structure or a split structure. The bushing 5 is preferably a split structure, which is composed of a plurality of bushing sub-bodies 53 and a baffle 54. The number of the bushing sub-bodies 53 is consistent with the number of valve ports 122 connected to the first cavity 1211. The bushing sub-body 53 is hollow and tubular, and has a first end side 531 and a second end side 532 along the axial direction. A plurality of bushing sub-bodies 53 are coaxially arranged in sequence in the valve cavity 121, and the first end side 531 of one bushing sub-body 53 abuts against the second end side 532 of another bushing sub-body 53, and the bushing sub-body 53 closest to the drive housing 11 has its first end side 531 facing the drive housing 11. The baffle 54 is arranged between the drive housing 11 and the closest bushing sub-body 53, and the baffle 54 is provided with a matching through hole at the pipe mouth of the bushing sub-body 53. For example Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4The four-way switching valve structure schematically shown in the figure has a bushing 5 composed of three bushing sub-bodies 53 and a baffle 54. A first annular groove 533 is recessed on the outer wall of each bushing sub-body 53, and a through-port 52 is provided in the first annular groove 533, which is connected to the lumen of the bushing sub-body 53. The inner wall of the lumen of each bushing sub-body 53 is recessed with an annular sealing groove 6 near the first end 531, and the sealing groove 6 passes through the first end 531. A second annular groove 534 is also recessed on the outer wall of each bushing sub-body 53 near the first end 531, and the second annular groove 534 passes through the first end 531. When each bushing sub-body 53 and baffle 54 are sequentially assembled into the first cavity 1211 through the connecting port, the second end side 532 of the subsequent bushing sub-body 53 will abut against the first end side 531 of the preceding bushing sub-body 53, and the baffle 54 will abut against the first end side 531 of the last bushing sub-body 53. Consequently, the second end side 532 of the subsequent bushing sub-body 53 will become a side wall of the sealing accommodating groove 6 and a side wall of the second annular groove 534 on the preceding bushing sub-body 53, and the side wall of the baffle 54 will also become a side wall of the sealing accommodating groove 6 and a side wall of the second annular groove 534 on the last bushing sub-body 53. Simultaneously, the stop surface 1213 will abut against the second end side 532 of the first bushing sub-body 53 to limit its position. Another sealing groove 6 is formed inwardly on the stop surface 1213 at the opening where the second cavity 1212 communicates with the first cavity 1211. When the first bushing sub-body 53 abuts the stop surface 1213, the second end side 532 of the first bushing sub-body 53 becomes a sidewall of the sealing groove 6. In this embodiment, the bushing 5 is designed as a split structure, which makes it easier to install the sealing ring assembly 4 and the sealing member 7 during assembly.

[0039] Furthermore, the opening of the sealing accommodating groove 6 is preferably provided with a stop flange inwardly for stopping the sealing ring assembly 4, which is defined as a first stop flange 61. Figure 2 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown in FIG, the edges of the pipe openings at both ends of the bushing sub-body 53 extend outward to form the first stop flanges 61. Similarly, the edge of the through-hole of the baffle 54 also extends toward the bushing sub-body 53 to form the first stop flanges 61. The edge of the cavity opening of the second cavity 1212 in the sealing groove 6 on the stop surface 1213 also extends toward the bushing sub-body 53 to form the first stop flanges 61. Furthermore, when one bushing sub-body 53 abuts against another bushing sub-body 53, the baffle 54 abuts against the closest bushing sub-body 53, and the bushing sub-body 53 abuts against the stop surface 1213, a set of oppositely arranged first stop flanges 61 are formed at the opening of each sealing groove 6, thereby forming a stop limit for the sealing ring assembly 4 installed in the sealing groove 6, preventing the sealing ring assembly 4 from falling out of the sealing groove 6. The sealing ring assembly 4 preferably includes a first sealing ring 41 and a second sealing ring 42, and when the sealing ring assembly 4 is arranged in the sealing accommodating groove 6, the second sealing ring 42 is sleeved on the periphery of the first sealing ring 41. The first sealing ring 41 is preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which has excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance, sealing, high lubricity and non-stickiness, electrical insulation and good anti-aging resistance. The first sealing ring 41 has a second stop flange 411 extending outward from the end in the axial direction to match the first stop flange 61, and the second sealing ring 42 is preferably an O-ring, such as Figure 2 As shown, an elastic supporting force can be provided for the first sealing ring 41 to ensure that the inner ring of the first sealing ring 41 can extend from between the two first stop flanges 61 of the sealing accommodating groove 6 .

[0040] The valve core 2 is preferably cylindrical, arranged in the accommodating cavity 51 of the bushing 5, further passing through the sealing ring assembly 4, and its axial direction is consistent with the axial direction of the valve housing 1. The driving assembly 3 is configured to be able to drive the valve core 2 to move in the sealing ring assembly 4 along the axial direction of the valve housing 1. A flow channel 21 is provided in the valve core 2, and the valve core 2 is provided with two groups of flow channel openings 22 at intervals along the axial direction of the valve housing 1, and each group includes at least one flow channel opening 22 connected to the flow channel 21. Between the two groups of the flow channel openings 22, n sealing protrusions 23 that can match and seal with the sealing ring assembly 4 are provided on the valve core 2 at intervals along the axial direction of the valve housing 1. For example Figure 1 In the schematic diagram of the four-way switching valve structure, there are two sealing protrusions 23 on the valve core 2. The inner edge of the first sealing ring 41 is preferably chamfered to ensure that the sealing protrusion 23 can smoothly enter the first sealing ring 41 and abut against the inner wall of the first sealing ring 41 for sealing. Figure 1When in the position shown in , the two sealing protrusions 23 will respectively abut and seal against the second sealing ring assembly 44 and the fourth sealing ring assembly 46, thereby blocking the second valve port 124 and the third valve port 125, as well as the fourth valve port 126 and the balancing chamber 111. The first valve port 123 and the second valve port 124 are connected, the third valve port 125 and the fourth valve port 126 are connected, and the balancing chamber 111 is connected to the first valve port 123 or the second valve port 124 through the flow channel 21 in the valve core 2. Figure 1 When the valve core 2 shown in the figure is driven to move downward until the two sealing protrusions 23 are respectively in contact and sealed with the first sealing ring assembly 43 and the third sealing ring assembly 45, the first valve port 123 and the second valve port 124, as well as the third valve port 125 and the fourth valve port 126 are blocked, while the second valve port 124 and the third valve port 125 are connected, and the first valve port 123 is connected with the fourth valve port 126 or the balancing chamber 111 through the flow channel 21 in the valve core 2. In this way, switching communication between the valve ports 122 is achieved. The flow channel 21 in the valve core 2 can be used to connect the valve ports 122 on the one hand, and can also serve as a balancing flow channel on the other hand, thereby balancing the fluid pressure upstream and downstream of the valve core 2, reducing the resistance generated by the upstream and downstream pressure difference when the valve core 2 switches positions, so that the valve core 2 can be driven more easily and save energy.

[0041] The drive assembly 3 includes a stator assembly 31, a rotor assembly 32 and a power output shaft 33 arranged in the drive housing 11. Figure 1 As shown, the drive housing 11 schematically shown in the figure is composed of an upper housing 112 and a lower housing 113. A drive cavity is provided in the upper housing 112, and an opening communicating with the drive cavity is provided on one side. A sleeve 114 is provided on one side of the lower housing 113. The sleeve 114 is a tubular structure closed at one end, and its open end is sealed and fixedly connected to the lower housing 113, so that a accommodating cavity is formed between the sleeve 114 and the lower housing 113. The upper housing 112 is clamped on one side of the lower housing 113, and the sleeve 114 is located in the drive cavity. The upper housing 112 and the lower housing 113 are sealed and connected by screw connection, gluing, welding, etc. The lower housing 113 is connected to the valve seat housing 12, for example, it can be as follows Figure 1As shown in the figure, a raised structure 1131 is provided on the outer wall of the lower shell 113 near the lower end, and a limiting boss is provided on the inner wall of the connection port. During installation, the lower end of the lower shell 113 is installed in the connection port, and the limiting boss supports and limits the raised structure 1131 on the sealing seat lower shell 113. Then, a locking member 115 with an external thread is screwed onto the connection port to firmly install the lower shell 113, i.e., the drive shell 11, on the valve seat shell 12. Of course, the above is only a preferred solution, and the connection method between the lower shell 113 and the valve seat shell 12 is not limited to this. For example, the lower shell 113 can also be directly threadedly connected to the inner wall of the connection port.

[0042] The rotor assembly 32 is rotatably disposed in the sleeve 114. Figure 1 As shown. The rotor assembly 32 is mainly composed of a core shaft and a first permanent magnet. The core shaft is preferably an injection molded part, and the first permanent magnet is preferably secondary injection molded on the circumferential wall of the core shaft, and the first permanent magnet includes at least one pair of magnetic poles. The rotation axis direction of the core shaft is consistent with the axial direction of the valve housing 1. The stator assembly 31 includes a coil, which is preferably embedded in the inner wall of the drive cavity through a coil bracket. The coil bracket can provide support for the coil so that the coil is arranged around the inner wall of the drive cavity and is arranged corresponding to the first permanent magnet, that is, the coil is arranged on the periphery of the first permanent magnet. The coil is electrically connected to the circuit board of the switching valve. When a current with a certain regular change is passed through the coil, an excitation magnetic field can be formed in the drive cavity, and the excitation magnetic field will interact with the magnetic field of the first permanent magnet, thereby causing the first permanent magnet to drive the core shaft to rotate in the sleeve 114. The balance chamber 111 is provided with a guide rotation limiting structure 1111, one end of the valve core 2 extends into the balance chamber 111, and is provided with a rotation limiting structure 24 for limiting the rotation of the valve core 2, which matches the guide rotation limiting structure 1111. Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown in , two limiting protrusions are provided near the end of the valve core 2, forming the limiting rotation structure 24, and the cross-sectional shape of the upper half of the balancing chamber 111 is configured to match the shape of the protrusions, forming the guide limiting rotation structure 1111. Under the cooperation of the upper half of the balancing chamber 111 and the limiting protrusions, the valve core 2 will be restricted from rotating, but can be driven to move along its axial direction. One end of the power output shaft 33 is connected to the core shaft, while the other end extends into the balancing chamber 111 and is threadedly connected to the valve core 2. When the stator assembly 31 drives the rotor assembly 32, i.e., the core shaft, to rotate, it will drive the power output shaft 33 to rotate as well. Since the power output shaft 33 is threadedly connected to the valve core 2 and the valve core 2 is restricted from rotating, when the power output shaft 33 rotates, it will drive the valve core 2 to move axially.

[0043] The power output shaft 33 can be connected to the core shaft in a variety of ways, for example, one end of the power output shaft 33 can be directly connected to the core shaft, or Figure 1 As shown in , the transmission connection is performed through the planetary gear assembly, etc. Since the connection method between the core shaft and the power output shaft 33 is not the focus of protection of this application, it will not be explained in detail in this embodiment. This application is not limited to the aforementioned embodiments. Those skilled in the art can adjust the combination of the number of valve ports and sealing protrusions as needed, for example, the number of valve ports is 2n-1, the number of sealing protrusions is n, and n is an integer greater than 1, thereby forming, for example, a three-way switching valve, a five-way switching valve, a seven-way switching valve, etc. For example, in another embodiment, the present application can be set as a three-way switching valve, and its structure is the same as Figures 1 to 8 The structure of the four-way switching valve is basically the same, mainly except that the first valve port 123 is cancelled. The other structures and the number of sealing components are consistent with the above-mentioned four-way switching valve. By moving the valve core 2, the third valve port 125 can be connected with the second valve port 124 or the third valve port 125 can be connected with the fourth valve port 126.

[0044] As used herein, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion of elements other than the listed elements and may also include additional elements not specifically listed.

[0045] In this document, directional terms such as front, back, top, and bottom are defined based on the positions of components in the accompanying drawings and relative to each other, and are intended only for clarity and convenience in describing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of these directional terms should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0046] In the absence of conflict, the above embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A direct-acting multi-way switching valve, characterized in that: It includes a valve housing (1), a valve core (2), a drive assembly (3) and a bushing (5). The valve housing (1) has a balancing chamber (111) and a valve chamber (121) connected along the axial direction. The valve housing (1) is provided with 2n or 2n-1 valve ports (122) distributed along the axial direction of the valve housing (1). The valve ports (122) are connected to the valve chamber (121). A sealing ring assembly (4) is provided between the balancing chamber (111) and the valve chamber (121), and between adjacent valve ports (122), respectively. The balancing chamber (111) and the valve chamber (121), and between adjacent valve ports (122), are connected via the corresponding sealing ring assembly (4). The axial direction of the sealing ring assembly (4) is consistent with the axial direction of the valve housing (1), and a plurality of the sealing ring assemblies (4) are coaxially arranged; The valve core (2) passes through the sealing ring assembly (4), a flow channel (21) is provided in the valve core (2), and two groups of flow channel openings (22) are provided on the valve core (2) at intervals along the axial direction of the valve housing (1), and each group includes at least one flow channel opening (22) communicating with the flow channel (21); n sealing protrusions (23) capable of matching and sealing with the sealing ring assembly (4) are provided on the valve core (2) at intervals along the axial direction of the valve housing (1) between the two groups of flow channel openings (22); The driving assembly (3) is configured to drive the valve core (2) to move in the sealing ring assembly (4) along the axial direction of the valve housing (1); Wherein, n is an integer greater than 1, The bushing (5) is arranged in the valve cavity (121), and a seal is formed between the bushing (5) and the valve housing (1). The bushing (5) has a receiving cavity (51), and the receiving cavity (51) is communicated with the balancing cavity (111). The bushing (5) is provided with a plurality of groups of through-ports (52), and each group includes at least one through-port (52) communicated with the receiving cavity (51). The plurality of groups of through-ports (52) are communicated with the plurality of valve ports (122) on the valve housing (1) in a one-to-one correspondence. The outer wall of the bushing (5) is respectively provided with a first annular groove (533) at the corresponding valve port (122), and each first annular groove is respectively provided with a group of the through-ports (52).

2. The direct-acting multi-way switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the bushing (5) is provided with sealing accommodating grooves (6) between two adjacent groups of through openings (52) and between the balancing cavity (111) and the nearest through opening (52).

3. The direct-acting multi-way switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve cavity (121) comprises a first cavity portion (1211) and a second cavity portion (1212) that are connected along the axial direction of the valve housing (1); the first cavity portion (1211) is connected to the balancing cavity (111); the valve port (122) farthest from the balancing cavity (111) is connected to the second cavity portion (1212); and the remaining valve ports (122) are respectively connected to the first cavity portion (1211). The size of the first cavity (1211) is larger than that of the second cavity (1212), and a stop surface (1213) is formed between the first cavity (1211) and the second cavity (1212). The bushing (5) is arranged in the first cavity (1211), and one end side of the bushing (5) abuts against the stop surface (1213). The stop surface (1213) is concave at the cavity opening where the second cavity (1212) and the first cavity (1211) are connected, and a sealing accommodating groove (6) is formed between the stop surface (1213) and the end side of the bushing (5).

4. The direct-acting multi-way switching valve according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The sealing ring assembly (4) is embedded in the sealing accommodating groove (6), and the inner wall of the sealing ring assembly (4) extends beyond the inner wall of the bushing (5).

5. The direct-acting multi-way switching valve according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first stop flange (61) is provided inwardly at the opening of the sealing accommodating groove (6) for stopping the sealing ring assembly (4). The sealing ring assembly (4) comprises a first sealing ring (41) and a second sealing ring (42). The second sealing ring (42) is sleeved on the periphery of the first sealing ring (41). The first sealing ring (41) has a second stop flange (411) extending outwardly from an end portion in the axial direction thereof and matching the first stop flange (61).

6. The direct-acting multi-way switching valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner edge corners of the first sealing ring (41) are provided with chamfers; and / or The first sealing ring (41) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

7. The direct-acting multi-way switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of sealing members (7) are provided between the bushing (5) and the valve housing (1), and the plurality of sealing members (7) are respectively located between adjacent valve ports (122) and between the balancing chamber (111) and the nearest valve port (122), and are used to block the gap between the bushing (5) and the valve housing (1) at the corresponding sealing locations.

8. The direct-acting multi-way switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bushing (5) is an integrally formed structure or a split structure.

9. The direct-acting multi-way switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve housing (1) comprises a valve seat housing (12) and a drive housing (11); the valve cavity (121) is arranged in the valve seat housing (12); a connection port communicating with the valve cavity (121) is provided on one side of the valve seat housing (12); the drive housing (11) is connected to the connection port; and a concave cavity is provided on a side of the drive housing (11) facing the valve cavity (121) to form the balancing cavity (111); a guide rotation limiting structure (1111) is provided in the balancing cavity (111). One end of the valve core (2) extends into the balancing chamber (111) and is provided with a rotation limiting structure (24) that matches the guide rotation limiting structure (1111) and is used to limit the rotation of the valve core (2). The drive assembly (3) comprises a stator assembly (31), a rotor assembly (32) and a power output shaft (33) arranged in the drive housing (11); one end of the power output shaft (33) is threadedly connected to the valve core (2); the stator assembly (31) is configured to drive the rotor assembly (32) to drive the power output shaft (33) to rotate, thereby driving the valve core (2) to move along the axial direction of the valve housing (1).

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