Method for separating copper-lead mixed concentrate and combined lead inhibitor for separating copper and lead

Abstract

The application discloses a copper-lead mixed concentrate separation method and a combined lead inhibitor for copper-lead separation. The method comprises the following steps: using organic carboxylic acid, amino acid polymer and humic acid salt as the combined inhibitor for copper-lead separation, carrying out lead-inhibiting copper floating, and obtaining preliminary copper concentrate and lead concentrate; wherein the ratio of the organic carboxylic acid, the amino acid polymer and the humic acid salt is (3-5):(1-2):1. The combined inhibitor for copper-lead separation is used to carry out lead-inhibiting copper floating, so that the copper mineral recovery rate can be improved and the copper mineral loss rate can be reduced while the lead mineral is inhibited. In addition, the preliminary copper concentrate obtained by floating based on the combined inhibitor for copper-lead separation is classified, and the part below the classified particle size is subjected to lead removal treatment, so that the problem that fine galena is difficult to separate in the lead-inhibiting copper floating process is further solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mineral processing technology, and in particular to a method for separating copper-lead mixed concentrates and a combined lead inhibitor for copper-lead separation. Background Technology

[0002] In copper-lead-zinc polymetallic sulfide ores, copper and lead have similar floatability, and copper-lead mixed flotation is often used to obtain a mixed concentrate, followed by copper-lead separation. Therefore, copper-lead separation is a key issue in the recovery of polymetallic sulfide ores. For copper-lead mixed concentrates with high lead content and low copper content, according to the principle of "suppressing more and floating less" in flotation, the lead-suppressing and copper-floating method is the most important method for separating this type of copper-lead mixed concentrate.

[0003] Currently, lead inhibitors are broadly classified into two categories: inorganic inhibitors and organic inhibitors. Inorganic inhibitors mainly consist of dichromates, sulfites (sulfurous acid, sulfur dioxide, thiosulfate), and their combinations; organic inhibitors mainly consist of large molecular agents such as sodium pyrophosphate, polysaccharides (starch, dextrin, and chitosan), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), tannic acid, sodium humate, chromium ferrolignin, and other organic agents.

[0004] In recent years, combination therapy and the development of novel inhibitors by modifying or assembling certain organic agents have become research hotspots. Among them, combination inhibitors composed of CMC, sodium sulfite and water glass, and combination inhibitors composed of sodium sulfite and sodium humate have been applied in field practice.

[0005] However, through further research during practical application, the inventors of this application discovered that existing combined inhibitors, such as the aforementioned combined inhibitors, still have at least two drawbacks: 1) The combined agents all have a certain inhibitory effect on copper minerals, causing copper to enter the lead concentrate during the copper-lead separation process, resulting in the loss of copper minerals. 2) The agents have a poor inhibitory effect on fine-grained lead minerals. These two drawbacks lead to the current combined inhibitors exhibiting high copper-lead intermingling content and low copper-lead separation efficiency during the copper-lead separation process. Summary of the Invention

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the object is to provide a method for separating copper-lead mixed concentrates and a combined lead inhibitor for copper-lead separation.

[0007] The above objective can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a method for separating copper-lead mixed concentrate, comprising: using organic carboxylic acid, amino acid polymer and humate as a combined inhibitor for copper-lead separation, performing lead-suppressing and copper-floating flotation to obtain preliminary copper concentrate and lead concentrate; wherein the ratio of organic carboxylic acid, amino acid polymer and humate is (3-5):(1-2):1.

[0009] Furthermore, the method further includes: classifying the preliminary copper concentrate and performing lead removal treatment on the portion below the classification particle size; wherein the classification particle size is 20-30 μm. For example, the classification particle size is preferably 20 μm.

[0010] Optionally, the method further includes: merging the fine-grained copper concentrate after lead removal treatment and the coarse-grained copper concentrate above the graded particle size as the final copper concentrate; merging the fine-grained lead product after lead removal treatment and the lead concentrate as the final lead concentrate.

[0011] Optionally, the organic carboxylic acid is one or more selected from tartaric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, and malic acid. Optionally, the amino acid polymer is one or more selected from polyaspartic acid, amino acid polyethylene glycol, and polyglutamic acid. Optionally, the humate is one or more selected from sodium humate, potassium humate, and ammonium humate.

[0012] Optionally, the dosage of the combined inhibitor for copper-lead separation is 500–1500 g / t. 给矿 .

[0013] Optionally, the method includes: using activated carbon to de-drug the copper-lead mixed concentrate slurry, adding the copper-lead separation combined inhibitor to adjust the slurry, adding a copper collector and a frother to adjust the slurry, and performing lead-suppressed and copper-floating flotation.

[0014] Optionally, the amount of activated carbon used is 2000–6000 g / t. 给矿 The dosage of the copper collector is 40-80 g / t. 给矿 The foaming agent dosage is 20-40 g / t. 给矿 .

[0015] Optionally, the flotation operation includes one roughing operation, one or two cleaning operations, and one or two scavenging operations.

[0016] The copper-lead separation method provided by this invention utilizes a combined lead inhibitor, comprising an organic carboxylic acid, an amino acid polymer, and a humate, in a ratio of (3-5):(1-2):1. The copper-lead separation refers to the separation of copper and lead using a lead-suppressing flotation method.

[0017] Optionally, the organic carboxylic acid is one or more selected from tartaric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, and malic acid. Optionally, the amino acid polymer is one or more selected from polyaspartic acid, amino acid polyethylene glycol, and polyglutamic acid. Optionally, the humate is one or more selected from sodium humate, potassium humate, and ammonium humate.

[0018] Optionally, the dosage of the combined inhibitor for copper-lead separation is 500–1500 g / t. 给矿 .

[0019] Beneficial effects: According to one embodiment of the present invention, in view of the problem of the inhibition of copper minerals by existing lead inhibitors, the present technology uses organic carboxylic acids, amino acid polymers and humates as combined inhibitors for copper-lead separation. The combined inhibitors can improve the recovery rate of copper minerals and reduce the loss rate of copper minerals while inhibiting lead minerals.

[0020] Furthermore, to address the issue of fine-grained lead minerals floating (fine-grained galena is difficult to suppress in lead-suppressing and copper-floating processes), the preliminary copper concentrate obtained through the aforementioned combined inhibitors for copper-lead separation is further classified. The fraction with a particle size (e.g., 20-30 micrometers) or smaller undergoes lead removal treatment. This overcomes the difficulty in separating fine-grained galena in existing lead-suppressing and copper-floating processes, reduces the lead content in the copper concentrate, and solves the problem of high lead content in the copper concentrate. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for separating copper-lead mixed concentrate according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] As described in the background section, the inventors of this application, through continuous research during practical application, discovered the following problems with existing combined inhibitors: the combined agents all have a certain inhibitory effect on copper minerals, leading to copper loss during copper-lead separation as copper enters the lead concentrate; the agents have poor inhibitory effect on fine-grained lead minerals. These problems result in high copper-lead intermingling content and low copper-lead separation efficiency during the copper-lead separation process; furthermore, fine-grained galena is difficult to separate in the lead-suppression and copper-floating process, and currently there is no effective method to overcome this problem. Based on the above findings and understanding, the inventors of this application, through further research, continuous improvement, and optimization, finally obtained the combined inhibitor for copper-lead separation and the method for separating mixed copper-lead concentrates. This application uses organic carboxylic acids, amino acid polymers, and humates as combined inhibitors for copper-lead separation, which can improve the recovery rate of copper minerals and reduce the copper mineral loss rate while inhibiting lead minerals. In addition, this application classifies the preliminary copper concentrate obtained by the above-mentioned lead-suppressing and copper flotation separation, and removes lead from the fractions below the classification particle size, thereby reducing the lead content in the copper concentrate and solving the problem of the flotation of fine-grained lead minerals.

[0024] The copper-lead mixed concentrate separation method of this application utilizes a combined depressant for copper-lead separation. Based on the lead-suppression and copper-flotation process, it comprehensively considers various factors affecting the separation efficiency. By employing a three-component combination for lead-suppression and copper-flotation, it achieves improved copper mineral recovery and reduced copper mineral loss while suppressing lead minerals. The components and their interaction mechanisms in the combined depressant for copper-lead separation of this application are as follows:

[0025] Organic carboxylic acids can ionize in slurry to generate carboxyl groups and hydrogen ions (RCOOH = RCOO). - +H + This process can clean the surface of copper sulfide minerals, enhance their activity with collectors, and maintain the pulp in a neutral to slightly acidic environment; simultaneously, RCOO - It can react with Pb on the surface of galena. 2+ It increases the hydrophilicity of galena and strengthens its inhibitory effect on galena.

[0026] The lone pairs of electrons on the oxygen and nitrogen atoms in the -COO and -NH atoms of the amino acid polymer molecular structure interact with the Pb on the galena surface. 2+ Coordination electron pairs are formed, resulting in a stable chelate. Since both carboxyl and amino groups are hydrophilic, the amino polymer increases the hydrophilicity of galena on the surface, thereby increasing the inhibitory effect on galena.

[0027] Humic acid salts contain a large number of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in their molecular structure, which interact with Pb on the surface of galena. 2+The inhibitor effectively inhibits the growth of lead ore. Furthermore, the inventors of this application have discovered that humates have poor selectivity; excessive use can inhibit copper production, leading to increased copper ore loss. The addition of amino acid polymers to the three-component inhibitor in this application reduces the amount of sodium humate required, thus avoiding the problem of excessive sodium humate inhibiting copper ore growth and achieving both lead inhibition and improved copper recovery. Conversely, insufficient humate or the absence of humate can result in inadequate lead ore inhibition. This application utilizes a three-component combination inhibitor in the aforementioned proportions, ultimately achieving the beneficial effects described in this application.

[0028] In this application, the preliminary copper concentrate (containing fine-grained lead minerals) obtained by the above-mentioned combined inhibitor for copper-lead separation is further subjected to coarse and fine classification followed by partial lead removal treatment of the fine-grained fraction, which further improves the separation efficiency and overcomes the technical difficulty of separating fine-grained galena.

[0029] Compared to methods that use specific inhibitors to suppress fine-grained galena, this application presents a method for classifying and deleading the portion below the classification particle size from a preliminary copper concentrate containing fine-grained lead minerals obtained by flotation using the aforementioned combined inhibitors. This method overcomes the environmental problems and pulp settling issues associated with using specific inhibitors to suppress fine-grained lead minerals. It also overcomes the problem of low final copper-lead separation efficiency caused by forcibly suppressing fine-grained lead minerals. Specific inhibitors used to suppress fine-grained lead minerals, such as combined inhibitors of water glass, phosphoroxane, and BK510; combined inhibitors of polymaleic acid, water glass, and carboxyethyl cellulose; and combined inhibitors of sodium sulfite, sulfonated lignin, and water glass, all suffer from environmental problems and / or pulp settling issues, and their separation efficiency cannot be guaranteed.

[0030] Figure 1 The schematic diagram illustrates the flow of a copper-lead mixed concentrate separation method according to an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the copper-lead mixed concentrate separation method first employs a combined depressant for copper-lead separation to perform lead-suppressing flotation, obtaining preliminary copper concentrate and lead concentrate; secondly, the preliminary copper concentrate is classified to a particle size of 20–30 μm, and the portion below the classification particle size undergoes lead removal treatment; then, the lead-removed fine-grained copper concentrate is combined with the coarse-grained copper concentrate above the classification particle size to form the final copper concentrate, and the lead-removed fine-grained lead product is combined with the lead concentrate obtained from flotation to form the final lead concentrate. Specifically, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the main steps include:

[0031] (1) Preliminary separation of copper-lead mixed concentrate. First, activated carbon is used to de-process the mixed concentrate slurry at a dosage of 2000-6000 g / t. 给矿Then, lead inhibitor (i.e., a combined inhibitor for copper-lead separation) is added for slurry preparation, with the dosage of the combined agent being 500–1500 g / t. 给矿 Next, copper collector and frother are added to the slurry to condition it, with the copper collector at a concentration of 40–80 g / t. 给矿 The foaming agent dosage is 20-40g / t 给矿 After slurry preparation, flotation is carried out. The flotation operation includes one roughing operation, one or two cleaning operations, and one or two scavenging operations. Through this step, preliminary copper concentrate and first lead concentrate, namely lead concentrate 1, are obtained.

[0032] Organic carboxylic acids, amino acid polymers, and humates are used as a combined inhibitor for copper-lead separation, with a ratio of (3-5):(1-2):1. For example, 3:2:1, 4:2:1, 5:2:1, 3:1:1, etc. By using the above components as a combined inhibitor and controlling the ratio within the above range, the three components work synergistically to fully exert the inhibitory effect of humates, enhance the inhibitory effect on galena, and weaken the inhibitory effect of humates on copper minerals. Moreover, this combined reagent also has a certain activating effect on copper minerals, greatly improving the copper-lead separation efficiency.

[0033] In the combined inhibitor for copper-lead separation, the organic carboxylic acid can be one or more small-molecule organic carboxylic acids such as tartaric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, and malic acid. The humate can be one or more of sodium humate, potassium humate, and ammonium humate. The amino acid polymer is selected from one or more of amino acid polymers and polyamino acids, for example, it can be one or more of amino acid polyethylene glycol, polyaspartic acid, and polyglutamic acid. Amino acid polyethylene glycol is an amino acid polymer obtained by reacting polyethylene glycol with amino acids, which can form a stable chelate with lead ions by forming a coordination electron pair.

[0034] During flotation, the dosage of the combined depressant for copper-lead separation can be adjusted according to the specific copper-lead mixed concentrate. For example, in this embodiment, the dosage is 500–1500 g / t during roughing operations. 给矿 For example, 600g / t 给矿 1000g / t 给矿 1300g / t 给矿 Within this dosage range, it can improve copper ore recovery while ensuring good lead suppression efficiency, significantly reducing copper ore loss and ensuring high copper-lead separation efficiency. For fine finishing operations, it can be 150–500 g / t. 给矿 The specific value can be determined based on the copper-lead mixed concentrate or the initial separation results, for example, 250g / t. 给矿 350g / t 给矿 450g / t 给矿 wait.

[0035] In this application, the copper collector used is a common copper collector in thiouric acid ester beneficiation, and the dosage of the copper collector is 40-80 g / t. 给矿 Under the action of the combined inhibitor for copper-lead separation described in this application, carboxylic acid can remove the oxide film and other obstructing substances on the surface of copper minerals. Simultaneously, it can adjust the appropriate pulp pH and potential, making it easier for the copper collector to interact with the copper minerals on the surface. This can significantly reduce the loss of copper minerals in lead concentrate and improve the flotation recovery rate of copper minerals. The frother used is commonly used in mineral processing, such as No. 2 oil and MIBC.

[0036] (2) Preliminary copper concentrate classification. The preliminary copper concentrate obtained under the combined inhibitor is classified into fractions of 20–30 μm. The fraction with a lower lead content is the final product, namely copper concentrate 1. The fraction with a lower lead content is the fine-grained fraction below the fraction size, which is then subjected to lead removal treatment.

[0037] Due to its brittleness and well-developed three-phase cleavage, galena forms a large number of mineral particles smaller than 20 μm during grinding. The floatability of fine-grained galena in this range changes, making it much more difficult to suppress. Some combined depressants are ineffective at suppressing fine-grained galena, resulting in a large amount of fine-grained galena entering the copper concentrate and increasing the lead content in the final copper concentrate. Based on the above findings and understanding, the inventors of this application employ a graded lead removal process on the preliminary copper concentrate obtained from the above steps, controlling the graded particle size within the range of 20–30 μm. For example, if the graded particle size is 20 μm, the portion below it is subjected to lead removal treatment, thereby minimizing the lead content in the copper concentrate, solving the problem of high fine-grained lead content in the copper concentrate, and overcoming the technical difficulty of separating fine-grained galena.

[0038] (3) Lead removal from fine-grained copper concentrate after classification. First, sodium sulfide is added to adjust the slurry, at a dosage of 2000–10000 g / t. 给矿 After slurry preparation, galena flotation collector and frother are added for lead removal flotation. The lead collector is 40-80 g / t. 给矿 The foaming agent dosage is 20-40g / t 给矿 The lead removal process includes one roughing operation, one cleaning operation, and one scavenging operation. The lead-removed float can be used as the second lead concentrate, i.e., lead concentrate 2, and the fine-grained copper concentrate obtained after lead removal can be used as the second copper concentrate, i.e., copper concentrate 2. Furthermore, in the flotation lead removal process, the lead collector is a mixed collector composed of diesel and / or kerosene and a black powder collector, wherein the ratio of diesel and / or kerosene to the black powder collector is 1:1. Using this mixed collector is more conducive to the hydrophobic aggregation and effective flotation of fine-grained lead minerals, improving lead removal efficiency and further reducing the lead content in the copper concentrate.

[0039] (4) Merging. The first copper concentrate and the second copper concentrate are merged into the final copper concentrate, and the first lead concentrate and the second lead concentrate are merged into the final lead concentrate. In this embodiment, organic carboxylic acids, amino acid polymers, and humates are used as combined inhibitors for copper-lead separation, and their ratios and dosages are improved and optimized for lead-suppressing copper flotation. Furthermore, the preliminary copper concentrate obtained from the above lead-suppressing copper flotation is graded, and the portion below a specific grade particle size is deleaded, resulting in a higher copper grade in the final copper concentrate, with a copper recovery rate of up to 88.7%, and a lead content of only about 3% in the copper concentrate.

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific examples:

[0041] Example 1

[0042] A copper-lead mixed concentrate, containing 1.49% copper and 56.12% lead, is processed using the following method:

[0043] The copper-lead separation process consists of one roughing step, two finishing steps, and two scavenging steps. (Refer to...) Figure 1 As shown.

[0044] 1) The amount of crude activated carbon added is 4000g / t 给矿 Organic carboxylic acids, amino acid polymers, and humates were used as lead inhibitors in a ratio of 3:2:1, at a dosage of 1200 g / t. 给矿 The dosage of copper collector Z-200 is 60g / t. 给矿 The dosage of foaming agent No. 2 oil is 30g / t. 给矿 The organic carboxylic acid is citric acid, the amino acid polymer is polyaspartic acid, and the humate is sodium humate. The selected lead inhibitor dosage is 400g / t. 给矿 The selected lead inhibitor dosage is 200g / t 给矿 The dosage of Z-200 in Sweep I is 15g / t. 给矿 The dosage of Z-200 in Scavenging II is 5g / t 给矿 .

[0045] 2) The initial copper concentrate is classified to a particle size of 20 μm. The fraction smaller than 20 μm undergoes further lead removal treatment, which is divided into roughing, cleaning, and scavenging operations. The sodium sulfide dosage for roughing is 8000 g / t. 给矿 The lead collector was a 1:1 mixture of No. 25 black powder and kerosene, at a dosage of 40g / t. 给矿 The dosage of foaming agent No. 2 oil is 20g / t. 给矿 Sodium sulfide is used at a dosage of 500g / t for lead removal. 给矿 The dosage of the scavenging collector is 20g / t. 给矿 .

[0046] The final product is a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 20.34% and a copper recovery rate of 88.43%, containing 3.32% lead.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] Unlike Example 1, the amount of lead inhibitor used in the roughing stage for copper-lead separation was 800 g / t. 给矿 Ultimately, a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 19.12% and a copper recovery rate of 88.67% can be obtained, and the copper concentrate contains 4.12% lead.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] Unlike Example 1, the dosage of the combined inhibitor used for copper-lead separation in the roughing stage was 1500 g / t. 给矿 Ultimately, a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 21.23% and a copper recovery rate of 87.23% can be obtained, and the copper concentrate contains 3.02% lead.

[0051] Comparative Example 1

[0052] Unlike Example 1, the lead inhibitor is an amino acid polymer and a humate in a 2:1 ratio, and is used at a dosage of 600 g / t. 给矿 Ultimately, a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 20.01% and a copper recovery rate of 86.32% can be obtained, and the copper concentrate contains 3.35% lead.

[0053] Comparative Example 2

[0054] Unlike Example 1, the lead inhibitor is a humate salt, and the dosage is 600 g / t. 给矿 Ultimately, a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 20.43% and a copper recovery rate of 85.23% can be obtained, and the copper concentrate contains 3.98% lead.

[0055] Comparative Example 3

[0056] Unlike Example 1, there is no fine-grain lead removal process, and the final copper concentrate with a copper grade of 18.78% and a copper recovery rate of 88.98% can be obtained. The copper concentrate contains 5.32% lead.

[0057] Comparative Example 4

[0058] Unlike Example 1, this combination inhibitor does not contain humate, and can ultimately obtain a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 17.34% and a copper recovery rate of 90.56%, and the copper concentrate contains 6.32% lead.

[0059] The embodiments described above in this application employ a specific combination of inhibitors for lead-suppressing copper flotation. Simultaneously, by classifying the preliminary copper concentrate obtained from the copper-lead separation flotation based on this combination of inhibitors and removing lead from the fractions below the classification particle size, the copper grade, copper recovery rate, and lead content of the final copper concentrate are all within a favorable range. This also overcomes the technical challenge of separating fine-grained galena in the lead-suppressing copper flotation process.

[0060] The description of this invention is given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the invention and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and to design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

Claims

1. A method of separating a copper-lead bulk concentrate, characterised by, The application relates to a copper-lead separation method. The lead-inhibiting copper-flotation is carried out by using organic carboxylic acid, amino acid polymer and humic acid salt as a combined inhibitor for copper-lead separation, so as to obtain a preliminary copper concentrate and a lead concentrate; the ratio of the organic carboxylic acid, the amino acid polymer and the humic acid salt is (3-5):(1-2):1; the organic carboxylic acid is one or more of tartaric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid and malic acid; the amino acid polymer is one or more of polyaspartic acid, amino acid polyethylene glycol and polyglutamic acid; and the humic acid salt is one or more of sodium humate, potassium humate and ammonium humate.

2. The copper-lead bulk concentrate separation process of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises grading the preliminary copper concentrate and carrying out lead removal treatment on the part with a particle size below the grading particle size; the grading particle size is 20-30 mu m.

3. The copper-lead bulk concentrate separation process of claim 2, wherein, The method further comprises combining the fine copper concentrate after the lead removal treatment and the coarse copper concentrate with a particle size above the grading particle size to obtain a final copper concentrate; and combining the fine lead product after the lead removal treatment and the lead concentrate to obtain a final lead concentrate.

4. The copper-lead bulk concentrate separation process of claim 2, wherein, The grading particle size is 20 mu m.

5. The copper-lead bulk concentrate separation process of claim 1, wherein, The amount of the combined inhibitor for copper-lead separation is 500-1500 g / t 给矿 .

6. The copper-lead bulk concentrate separation process of claim 1, wherein, The method comprises adding the combined inhibitor for copper-lead separation to the copper-lead mixed concentrate slurry after removing the reagent by using activated carbon, adding a copper collector and a foaming agent to carry out slurry adjustment, and carrying out lead-inhibiting copper-flotation.

7. The copper-lead mixed concentrate separation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The activated carbon is used in an amount of 2000-6000 g / t 给矿 The copper collector is used in an amount of 40-80 g / t 给矿 The frother is used in an amount of 20-40 g / t 给矿 The frother is used in an amount of 20-40 g / t The flotation operation comprises one roughing operation, one to two cleaning operations and one to two scavenging operations.

8. A combined inhibitor for copper-lead separation used in the copper-lead mixed concentrate separation method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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