A device and protection method for preventing earth-rock dam from being damaged by overtopping flood

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and protection method for preventing earth-rock dams from being damaged by excessive overtopping floods. The device comprises a rock dam body and dam slopes on both sides, the front dam slope being the upstream section and the rear dam slope being the downstream section. The device is characterized in that a first protective layer structure is provided on the top of the rock dam body, which, when the protective layer structure contracts, can be used to form a wave barrier; and a second protective layer structure is provided on the two dam slopes, one located at the upstream section dam slope and the other located at the downstream section dam slope. The present invention utilizes the second protective layer structure to allow it to be folded and stored in a contracted state to avoid exposure to wind and sun. When laid flat, the geomembrane, supported by triangular support bars, greatly enhances its strength and support stability, thus preventing scouring of earth-rock dam overtopping and reducing damage to the dam slope in the downstream area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects, and in particular to a device and a protection method for preventing earth-rock dams from being damaged by excessive overtopping floods. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, reservoir dam failures have occurred frequently in my country, fully exposing the quality problems of my country's dam construction. The peak period of dam failure is during the construction and operation of dams. In a series of dam failure incidents, it was found that the failure of small and medium-sized dams was very common. A large proportion of small and medium-sized earth-rock dam failures were caused by overtopping. In order to effectively prevent the overtopping and scouring of earth-rock dams, China has currently developed a method to prevent scouring by automatically laying geomembranes.

[0003] However, when the existing geomembrane rolls are not laid, on the one hand, they are exposed to the wind and sun for a long time, causing the geomembrane to age and easily affecting its subsequent normal use; on the other hand, when the overtopping flood flows over the wave retaining wall and flows down from a high place, it directly scours the dam top, and simply laying the membrane rolls on the dam body has little effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and a protection method for preventing earth-rock dams from being damaged by excessive flooding. Through the structural setting of the second protective layer structure, that is, the second protective layer structure where the dam slope in the downstream section is located is converted from a contracted and stored state to a flat state. In the contracted state, it can be folded and stored to avoid wind and sun exposure. In the flat state, the geomembrane supported by the triangular support bars is greatly enhanced in strength and support stability, which can be used to prevent scouring of the earth-rock dam from overtopping and reduce damage to the dam slope in the downstream area.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a device for preventing earth-rock dams from being damaged by excessive flooding, comprising a rock dam body and dam slopes on both sides, the front dam slope being the upstream section, and the rear dam slope being the downstream section, and characterized in that a first protective layer structure is provided on the top of the rock dam body, which can be used to form a wave-blocking wall when the protective layer structure shrinks; and a second protective layer structure is respectively provided on the two dam slopes, the second protective layer structure located at the upstream section dam slope being used to prevent scouring by waves, and the second protective layer structure located at the downstream section dam slope being used to prevent scouring by overtopping of the earth-rock dam; a trigger mechanism is provided on the first protective layer structure near the upstream section dam slope, which is used to trigger the operation of the first protective layer structure and the second protective layer structure when flood overflows.

[0006] Preferably, the first protective layer structure includes two sliding rails arranged on the top of the stone dam body, and baffle assemblies are respectively provided at the ends of the two sliding rails. Each group of baffle assemblies includes a second mounting frame rotatably arranged at the end of the sliding rail, and the second mounting frame is further mounted with a first mounting frame through a pin shaft. A mounting block is fixed at the end of the first mounting frame, and the mounting block can slide within the upper limit of the sliding rail. It also includes a first belt mechanism arranged on the stone dam body, which is used to drive the expansion and contraction of the baffle assemblies on both sides; and a protective film wrapped between the second mounting frame and the first mounting frame, and the protective film extends away from the end of the stone dam body to the slope where the dam slope is located.

[0007] Preferably, the first belt mechanism includes two rotatable first transmission wheels, which are mounted on the top of both sides of the stone dam body through mounting parts, and a first transmission belt is connected between the two first transmission wheels, and a first motor fixed on the top of one of the mounting parts, which is used to drive the transmission of the first transmission belt; and connecting blocks respectively fixed on the side walls of the mounting blocks where the two groups of baffle assemblies are located, one of the connecting blocks is fixed to the inner side of the first transmission belt, and the other connecting block is fixed to the outer side of the first transmission belt.

[0008] Preferably, the trigger mechanism includes a first electric sheet and a second electric sheet arranged on the protective film, and a guide groove arranged between the first electric sheet and the second electric sheet, which is used to trigger the operation of the first protective layer structure and the second protective layer structure when the first electric sheet is connected to the second electric sheet.

[0009] Preferably, the second protective layer structure includes a transversely fixed mounting rod, on which a symmetrically distributed connecting rod telescopic mechanism is provided, and each group of the connecting rod telescopic mechanism has several movable sleeves, and a transmission rod is hinged between adjacent movable sleeves, and the opposite ends of the two transmission rods are rotatably connected by a pin shaft; and a second belt transmission mechanism is provided on the mounting rod, for driving the connecting rod telescopic mechanism to contract and expand; and a plurality of support bars are provided between the connecting rod telescopic mechanism, and the support bars are distributed in a triangular shape, and also include a geomembrane connected in sequence to the support bars, which can be used to store the geomembrane when the connecting rod telescopic mechanism contracts, and can be used to lay the geomembrane when the connecting rod telescopic mechanism expands.

[0010] Preferably, the second belt transmission mechanism includes a mounting frame, which is vertically fixed to one end of the mounting rod and is used to mount a rotatable driving wheel, and also includes a second motor fixed to the other side of the mounting frame, which is used to drive the driving wheel to rotate back and forth, and an auxiliary wheel arranged at the bottom of the mounting rod, and a first driven wheel rotatable at the other end of the mounting rod, and a second transmission belt is connected between the driving wheel, the auxiliary wheel and the first driven wheel; and a first motor respectively fixed to the middle part of the movable sleeve where the two sets of connecting rod telescopic mechanisms are located, and distributed for fixed connection with both sides of the second transmission belt.

[0011] Preferably, the downstream section of the rear dam slope is respectively fixed with a second shielding cover and a first shielding cover, which can be used to shield the geomembrane when the connecting rod telescopic mechanism is contracted.

[0012] A method for protecting an earth-rock dam from overtopping flood damage is provided, which is applied to the aforementioned device for protecting an earth-rock dam from overtopping flood damage. The method comprises:

[0013] S1: The second protective layer structure of the upstream section dam slope is in a flat state, the second protective layer structure of the downstream section dam slope is in a retracted state, and the first protective layer structure on the top of the stone dam body is in a retracted state. The formed trapezoidal support structure can be used to form a wave barrier;

[0014] S2: When the flood continues to rise, a trigger mechanism is provided on the first protective layer structure near the upstream dam slope. When the flood rises to the trigger mechanism position, the trigger mechanism transmits a signal to the microcontroller. The microcontroller receives the information and controls the operation of the first and second protective layer structures. In other words, the first protective layer structure is transformed from a contracted state to a flat state, forming a first protective layer on the top of the stone dam body.

[0015] S3: Through the structural setting of the second protective layer structure, the single chip microcomputer controls the operation of the second protective layer structure, that is, the second protective layer structure where the downstream section dam slope is located is changed from a contracted and stored state to a flat state.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention adopts the structural setting of the second protective layer structure, that is, the second protective layer structure where the downstream section dam slope is located is converted from a contracted and stored state to a flat state. In the contracted state, it can be folded and stored to avoid wind and sun exposure. In the flat state, the geomembrane supported by the triangular support bars can be used to prevent scouring of the earth-rock dam top and reduce damage to the dam slope in the downstream area.

[0018] 2. The present invention can act on the upstream section of the stone dam through the second protective layer structure located on the dam slope in the upstream section, that is, through the triangular distribution support of the support bars, combined with the flat state of the geomembrane, which effectively reduces the impact of water wave scouring. The geomembrane supported by the triangular support bars can effectively protect the dam slope in the upstream section, while the second protective layer structure of the dam slope in the downstream section is in a contracted and stored state. At this time, there is no overtopping flood effect, avoiding the wind and sun exposure caused by its flat laying.

[0019] 3. The present invention uses the first protective layer structure on the top of the stone dam body. When it is in a contracted state, the trapezoidal support structure formed can be used to form a wave-breaking wall. When the flood rises to the position of the trigger mechanism, the trigger mechanism transmits a signal to the inside of the single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer receives the information and controls the operation of the first protective layer structure and the second protective layer structure, that is, the first protective layer structure is transformed from a contracted state to a flat state, that is, the first protective layer is formed on the top of the stone dam body, and the purpose of flood discharge is achieved at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a second perspective stereoscopic structure;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the front structure of FIG.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention in a normal state;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the top view structure;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a partial enlarged structural diagram of the connecting rod telescopic mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the second perspective stereoscopic structure.

[0027] In the figure: 1. stone dam body; 2. slide rail; 3. mounting block; 4. protective film; 5. first electric sheet; 6. guide groove; 7. second electric sheet; 8. first transmission wheel; 9. first mounting frame; 10. second mounting frame; 11. first transmission belt; 12. dam slope; 13. geomembrane; 14. support bar; 15. mounting rod; 16. movable sleeve; 17. connecting bar; 18. second transmission belt; 19. first driven wheel; 20. first shielding cover; 21. second shielding cover; 22. mounting frame; 23. driving wheel; 24. second motor; 25. auxiliary wheel; 26. transmission rod; 27. connecting bar; 28. connecting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention. The following describes various embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] See also Figures 1 to 7 The present invention preferably provides a technical solution: a device for preventing earth-rock dams from being damaged by excessive flooding, comprising a rock dam body 1 and dam slopes 12 on both sides, the front dam slope 12 being the upstream section, and the rear dam slope 12 being the downstream section, a first protective layer structure is provided on the top of the rock dam body 1, which can be used to form a wave-blocking wall when the protective layer structure shrinks; and a second protective layer structure is respectively provided on the two dam slopes 12, the second protective layer structure located at the upstream section dam slope 12 being used to prevent scouring by waves, and the second protective layer structure located at the downstream section dam slope 12 being used to prevent scouring by overtopping of the earth-rock dam; a trigger mechanism is provided on the first protective layer structure near the upstream section dam slope 12, which is used to trigger the operation of the first protective layer structure and the second protective layer structure when flood overflows.

[0031] In this embodiment, Figure 1-3 As shown, the front dam slope 12 is the upstream section, and the rear dam slope 12 is the downstream section. Under normal conditions, Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the second protective layer structure located on the upstream section of the dam slope 12 is supported by the triangular distribution of the support bars 14. In combination with the flat state of the geomembrane 13, it can act on the upstream section of the stone dam, effectively reducing the impact of wave scouring. The geomembrane 13 supported by the triangular support of the support bars 14 can effectively protect the dam slope 12 in the upstream section. The second protective layer structure on the downstream section of the dam slope 12 is in a contracted and stored state. At this time, there is no overtopping flooding, which prevents the flat surface from being exposed to the outside world due to wind and sun.

[0032] Specifically, in Figure 4In the state shown, the second protective layer structure of the upstream section dam slope 12 is in a flat state, the second protective layer structure of the downstream section dam slope 12 is in a retracted and stored state, and the first protective layer structure on the top of the stone dam body 1 is in a retracted state. The formed trapezoidal support structure can be used to form a wave barrier. When the flood continues to rise, a trigger mechanism is provided on the first protective layer structure near the upstream section dam slope 12. That is, when the flood rises to the position of the trigger mechanism, the trigger mechanism transmits a signal to the inside of the single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer receives the information and controls the operation of the first and second protective layer structures. That is, the first protective layer structure is converted from a retracted state to a flat state, that is, a first protective layer is formed on the top of the stone dam body 1, and the purpose of flood discharge is achieved at the same time.

[0033] At the same time, through the structural setting of the second protective layer structure, the single-chip microcomputer controls the operation of the second protective layer structure, that is, the second protective layer structure where the dam slope 12 in the downstream section is located is changed from a contracted and stored state to a flat state. In the contracted state, it can be folded and stored to avoid wind and sun exposure. In the flat state, the geomembrane 13 supported by the support bar 14 in a triangular shape is greatly enhanced in strength and support stability, which can be used to prevent scouring of the earth-rock dam top and reduce damage to the dam slope 12 in the downstream area.

[0034] Furthermore, the first protective layer structure includes two slide rails 2 arranged on the top of the stone dam body 1, and baffle assemblies are respectively provided at the ends of the two slide rails 2. Each group of baffle assemblies includes a second mounting frame 10 rotatable at the end of the slide rail 2, and the second mounting frame 10 is further installed with a first mounting frame 9 through a pin shaft. A mounting block 3 is fixed to the end of the first mounting frame 9, and the mounting block 3 can slide in the upper limit position on the slide rail 2. It also includes a first belt mechanism arranged on the stone dam body 1, which is used to drive the expansion and contraction of the baffle assemblies on both sides; and a protective film 4 wrapped between the second mounting frame 10 and the first mounting frame 9, and the protective film 4 extends away from the end of the stone dam body 1 to the slope surface where the dam slope 12 is located.

[0035] By setting the first protective layer structure, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, since a rotatable second mounting frame 10 is installed at the end of the slide rail 2, and the second mounting frame 10 is further installed with a first mounting frame 9 through a pin shaft, the two can form a frame support for the protective film 4, and a mounting block 3 is fixed to the end of the first mounting frame 9, and the mounting block 3 can slide in the upper limit position on the slide rail 2. When the first belt mechanism runs, it can drive the mounting blocks 3 at both ends to run toward or away from each other, so that the frame support formed by the first mounting frame 9 and the second mounting frame 10 can be changed from a contracted state to a flat state.

[0036] Furthermore, the first belt mechanism includes two rotatable first transmission wheels 8, which are installed on the top of both sides of the stone dam body 1 through mounting parts, and a first transmission belt 11 is transmission-connected between the two first transmission wheels 8, and a first motor 17 fixed on the top of one of the mounting parts, which is used to drive the transmission of the first transmission belt 11; and connecting blocks 28 respectively fixed on the side walls of the mounting block 3 where the two groups of baffle assemblies are located, one of the connecting blocks 28 is fixed to the inner side of the first transmission belt 11, and the other connecting block 28 is fixed to the outer side of the first transmission belt 11.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, when the first motor 17 is working, it can drive the first transmission wheel 8 corresponding to the first motor 17 to rotate back and forth, so that the first transmission belt 11 is transmitted. At this time, the first transmission belt 11 located on the inner side moves in opposite directions to the first transmission belt 11 located on the outer side. Through the connection action of the corresponding position connecting block 28, the relative or back-to-back movement of the two mounting blocks 3 can be achieved.

[0038] Furthermore, the trigger mechanism includes a first electric sheet 5 and a second electric sheet 7 arranged on the protective film 4, and a guide groove 6 arranged between the first electric sheet 5 and the second electric sheet 7, which is used to trigger the operation of the first protective layer structure and the second protective layer structure when the first electric sheet 5 is connected to the second electric sheet 7.

[0039] By setting the trigger mechanism, such as Figure 1 As shown, when the flood rises to the position of the first electric sheet 5, the first electric sheet 5 and the second electric sheet 7 are connected under the action of liquid water. At this time, the corresponding trigger mechanism is energized, thereby transmitting the current signal to the inside of the single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer receives the signal and controls the operation of the first protective layer structure and the second protective layer structure.

[0040] Example 2:

[0041] As another embodiment of the present invention, the second protective layer structure includes a transversely fixed mounting rod 15, on which a symmetrically distributed connecting rod telescopic mechanism is provided, and each group of connecting rod telescopic mechanisms has a number of movable sleeves 16, and a transmission rod 26 is hinged between adjacent movable sleeves 16, and the opposite ends of the two transmission rods 26 are rotatably connected by a pin shaft; and a second belt transmission mechanism is provided on the mounting rod 15, for driving the connecting rod telescopic mechanism to contract and expand; and a number of support bars 14 are provided between the connecting rod telescopic mechanisms, and the support bars 14 are distributed in a triangular shape, and also include a geomembrane 13 connected in sequence to the support bars 14, which can be used to store the geomembrane 13 when the connecting rod telescopic mechanism contracts, and can be used to lay the geomembrane 13 when the connecting rod telescopic mechanism expands.

[0042] In this embodiment, Figure 1 、 2As shown in , 6 and 7, a connecting rod telescopic mechanism is set up, that is, a plurality of movable sleeves 16, and a transmission rod 26 is hinged between adjacent movable sleeves 16. The opposite ends of the two transmission rods 26 are rotatably connected by a pin shaft. Under the action of the second belt transmission mechanism, the movable sleeves 16 at the ends of the connecting rod telescopic mechanism can be driven to move toward or away from each other. That is, when the two movable sleeves 16 move relative to each other, the transmission rods 26 on both sides are unfolded, and a geomembrane 13 supported by a triangle of the support bars 14 can be formed. This structure can effectively reduce the damage caused by overtopping floods.

[0043] Furthermore, the second belt transmission mechanism includes a mounting frame 22, which is vertically fixed to one end of the mounting rod 15 and is used to install a rotatable driving wheel 23. It also includes a second motor 24 fixed to the other side of the mounting frame 22, which is used to drive the driving wheel 23 to rotate back and forth, and an auxiliary wheel 25 arranged at the bottom of the mounting rod 15, and a first driven wheel 19 rotatable at the other end of the mounting rod 15. A second transmission belt 18 is connected between the driving wheel 23, the auxiliary wheel 25 and the first driven wheel 19; and connecting strips 27 respectively fixed to the middle of the movable sleeve 16 where the two sets of connecting rod telescopic mechanisms are located, which are distributed for fixed connection with both sides of the second transmission belt 18.

[0044] By setting the second belt transmission mechanism, such as Figure 6 As shown, the arrangement of the driving wheel 23, the auxiliary wheel 25 and the first driven wheel 19 cooperates with the transmission connection of the second transmission belt 18. When the second motor 24 rotates back and forth, the movable sleeve 16 at the end of the connecting rod telescopic mechanism can move toward or away from each other.

[0045] Furthermore, a second shielding cover 21 and a first shielding cover 20 are respectively fixed to the downstream section of the rear dam slope 12 , which can be used to shield the geomembrane 13 when the connecting rod telescopic mechanism is contracted.

[0046] like Figure 1 、 3 As shown in FIG4, when the connecting rod telescopic mechanism is contracted, that is, Figure 4 In this state, under the action of the second shielding cover 21 and the first shielding cover 20, the retracted connecting rod telescopic mechanism, that is, the geomembrane 13 can be accommodated under the second shielding cover 21 and the first shielding cover 20, thereby further improving the service life of the geomembrane 13.

[0047] A method for protecting an earth-rock dam from overtopping flood damage is provided, which is applied to the aforementioned device for protecting an earth-rock dam from overtopping flood damage. The method comprises:

[0048] S1: The second protective layer structure of the upstream section dam slope 12 is in a flat state, the second protective layer structure of the downstream section dam slope 12 is in a retracted state, and the first protective layer structure on the top of the stone dam body 1 is in a retracted state. The formed trapezoidal support structure can be used to form a wave barrier;

[0049] S2: When the flood continues to rise, a trigger mechanism is provided on the first protective layer structure near the upstream section of the dam slope 12. When the flood rises to the trigger mechanism position, the trigger mechanism transmits a signal to the internal microcontroller. The microcontroller receives the information and controls the operation of the first and second protective layer structures. In other words, the first protective layer structure is transformed from a contracted state to a flat state, and a first protective layer is formed on the top of the stone dam body 1.

[0050] S3: Through the structural setting of the second protective layer structure, the single chip microcomputer controls the operation of the second protective layer structure, that is, the second protective layer structure where the downstream section dam slope 12 is located is changed from a contracted and stored state to a flat state.

[0051] The above is a clear and complete description of the concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention in combination with the embodiments and drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, all the connection / connection relationships mentioned in the text do not refer to the direct connection of components, but refer to the fact that a better connection structure can be formed by adding or reducing connection accessories according to the specific implementation situation.

[0052] The specific description of the present invention in the above embodiments is only used to further illustrate the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Technical engineers in this field may make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present invention based on the contents of the above invention, which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preventing an earth-rock dam from being damaged by floods exceeding the standard, comprising a rock dam body (1) and dam slopes (12) on both sides, wherein the front dam slope (12) is an upstream section and the rear dam slope (12) is a downstream section, and is characterized in that: The top of the stone dam body (1) is provided with a first protective layer structure, which can be used to form a wave-blocking wall when the protective layer structure shrinks; and second protective layer structures respectively arranged on the two dam slopes (12), wherein the second protective layer structure located on the upstream section of the dam slope (12) can be used to prevent scouring by waves, and the second protective layer structure located on the downstream section of the dam slope (12) can be used to prevent scouring by overtopping of the earth-rock dam; A trigger mechanism is provided on the first protective layer structure located near the upstream section dam slope (12), and is used to trigger the operation of the first protective layer structure and the second protective layer structure when flood overflows the top; The first protective layer structure includes two slide rails (2) arranged on the top of the stone dam body (1), and the ends of the two slide rails (2) are respectively provided with baffle assemblies, and each group of the baffle assemblies includes a second mounting frame (10) rotatably arranged at the ends of the slide rails (2), and the second mounting frame (10) is further mounted with a first mounting frame (9) via a pin shaft, and a mounting block (3) is fixed to the end of the first mounting frame (9), and the mounting block (3) can slide on the slide rail (2) within an upper limit, and also includes a first belt mechanism arranged on the stone dam body (1) for driving the expansion and contraction of the baffle assemblies on both sides; and a protective film (4) wrapped between the second installation frame (10) and the first installation frame (9), wherein the protective film (4) extends away from the end of the stone dam body (1) to the slope surface where the dam slope (12) is located; The second protective layer structure comprises a transversely fixed mounting rod (15), the mounting rod (15) being provided with symmetrically distributed connecting rod telescopic mechanisms, each group of the connecting rod telescopic mechanisms comprising a plurality of movable sleeves (16), a transmission rod (26) being hinged between adjacent movable sleeves (16), and opposite ends of the two transmission rods (26) being rotatably connected via a pin shaft; and a second belt transmission mechanism provided on the mounting rod (15), for driving the connecting rod telescopic mechanism to contract and expand; and a plurality of support bars (14) arranged between the connecting rod telescopic mechanism, wherein the support bars (14) are distributed in a triangular shape, and further comprising a geomembrane (13) sequentially connected to the support bars (14). When the connecting rod telescopic mechanism is contracted, the geomembrane (13) can be stored, and when the connecting rod telescopic mechanism is expanded, the geomembrane (13) can be laid flat.

2. The device for preventing earth-rock dams from being damaged by floods exceeding the specified value according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first belt mechanism comprises two rotatable first transmission wheels (8), the two first transmission wheels (8) being mounted on the tops of both sides of the stone dam body (1) through mounting members, and a first transmission belt (11) being connected between the two first transmission wheels (8), and a first motor (17) fixed on the top of one of the mounting members for driving the transmission of the first transmission belt (11); and connecting blocks (28) respectively fixed on the side walls of the mounting blocks (3) where the two sets of baffle assemblies are located, wherein one of the connecting blocks (28) is fixed to the inner side of the first transmission belt (11), and the other connecting block (28) is fixed to the outer side of the first transmission belt (11).

3. The device for preventing earth-rock dams from being damaged by overtopping floods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trigger mechanism comprises a first electric sheet (5) and a second electric sheet (7) arranged on the protective film (4), and a guide groove (6) arranged between the first electric sheet (5) and the second electric sheet (7), and is used to trigger the operation of the first protective layer structure and the second protective layer structure when the first electric sheet (5) is connected to the second electric sheet (7).

4. The device for preventing earth-rock dams from being damaged by overtopping floods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second belt transmission mechanism includes a mounting frame (22), the mounting frame (22) being vertically fixed to one end of the mounting rod (15) for mounting a rotatable driving wheel (23), a second motor (24) fixed to the other side of the mounting frame (22) for driving the driving wheel (23) to rotate back and forth, an auxiliary wheel (25) arranged at the bottom of the mounting rod (15), and a first rotatable driven wheel (19) arranged at the other end of the mounting rod (15), wherein a second transmission belt (18) is connected between the driving wheel (23), the auxiliary wheel (25) and the first driven wheel (19); The first motors (17) are respectively fixed to the middle of the movable sleeves (16) where the two sets of connecting rod telescopic mechanisms are located, and are distributed for fixed connection with both sides of the second transmission belt (18).

5. The device for preventing earth-rock dam from being damaged by overtopping floods according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second shielding cover (21) and a first shielding cover (20) are respectively fixed to the downstream section of the rear dam slope (12), and can be used to shield the geomembrane (13) when the connecting rod telescopic mechanism is contracted.

6. A method for protecting an earth-rock dam from overtopping flood damage, applied to the device for protecting an earth-rock dam from overtopping flood damage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The protection method includes: S1: The second protective layer structure of the upstream section dam slope (12) is in a flattened state, the second protective layer structure of the downstream section dam slope (12) is in a contracted and stored state, and the first protective layer structure at the top of the stone dam body (1) is in a contracted state, and the trapezoidal support structure formed can be used to form a wave barrier; S2: When the flood continues to rise, a trigger mechanism is provided on the first protective layer structure near the upstream section of the dam slope (12). When the flood rises to the position of the trigger mechanism, the trigger mechanism transmits a signal to the inside of the single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer receives the information and controls the operation of the first protective layer structure and the second protective layer structure. In other words, the first protective layer structure is transformed from a contracted state to a flat state, thereby forming a first protective layer on the top of the stone dam body (1). S3: Through the structural setting of the second protective layer structure, the single chip microcomputer controls the operation of the second protective layer structure, that is, the second protective layer structure where the downstream section dam slope (12) is located is converted from a contracted and stored state to a flattened state.

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