A refined control method for bridge construction progress based on digital twin multidimensional model

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for fine-grained control of bridge construction progress based on a digital twin multidimensional model, comprising the following steps: analyzing the composition of the bridge from the perspective of physical entities, establishing a physical entity decomposition structure of the bridge facility in combination with the fine-grained control objectives; constructing a digital twin geometric model of the bridge; further constructing a digital twin physical model of the bridge; further constructing a digital twin behavior model of the bridge; further constructing a digital twin rule model of the bridge; and using the digital twin multidimensional model of the bridge to fine-grained control of the construction progress. The present invention proposes a method for establishing a digital twin model for bridge construction progress control from four dimensions: geometry, physics, behavior, and rules, and innovatively proposes a method for calculating the number of days of construction progress delay based on "time" and "number of components" in the dimension of the rule model, which effectively improves the degree of refinement of the whole process control of the bridge construction progress.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of bridge construction progress control, and in particular to a bridge construction progress refined control method based on a digital twin multidimensional model. Technical Background

[0002] Construction progress is one of the three major goals of project management. During the bridge construction process, it is necessary to constantly grasp the implementation status of the plan, compare and analyze the actual situation with the plan, and take effective measures when necessary to ensure that the project progress is carried out according to the predetermined goals and achieve the goals. At present, due to the large number of on-site factors affecting the preparation of the bridge project construction schedule and the construction process, there is often a large difference between the actual construction sequence and the planned construction sequence, and there is a lack of refined control methods for the construction progress; the application of digital twin technology in the field of engineering construction is still in its infancy. At present, BIM technology is mostly used to improve the visualization of the scheme and the efficiency of multi-party communication. However, the current models are mostly aimed at geometric information and non-geometric information. The modeling process involves less algorithmic models based on business needs, and the degree of data coupling in the model is too high, and the data utilization efficiency is low. Due to the lack of a unified digital expression data structure, information loss and poor data flow often occur during the data transmission process from the planning stage to the construction stage. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the current technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for fine-grained control of bridge construction progress based on the digital twin multi-dimensional model, which can not only realize the fine-grained control of bridge construction progress based on the digital twin multi-dimensional model, but also provide a reference for the modeling and application methods of digital twin technology in the entire life cycle of engineering construction, and promote the practical application of digital twin technology in engineering construction.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for fine control of bridge construction progress based on a digital twin multidimensional model, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. Analyze the composition of bridges from the perspective of physical entities, combine refined management and control objectives, and establish the physical entity decomposition structure of bridge facilities;

[0006] S2, constructing a digital twin geometric model of the bridge;

[0007] S3. Further construct the physical model of the bridge digital twin;

[0008] S4. Further construct the bridge digital twin behavior model;

[0009] S5. Further construct the bridge digital twin rule model;

[0010] S6. Use the multi-dimensional digital twin model of the bridge to carry out refined control of the construction progress.

[0011] Optionally, in step S1, focusing on the physical entity objects of the bridge facilities and according to the needs of refined management and control of the bridge construction progress, the composition of the bridge is divided into three levels: bridge facilities, sub-facilities and components, a decomposition structure of the physical entity of the bridge facilities is established, and further digital twin multi-dimensional models are created for objects at the component level.

[0012] Optionally, in step S2, a digital twin geometric model of the bridge is constructed to express the geometric appearance characteristics of the physical entity object, providing a basic information carrier for subsequent physical, behavioral and rule model data. The specific method is as follows:

[0013] (1) Using common software such as AutoCAD, Revit, Tekla, etc., to create a geometric model of the component object obtained by dividing in step S1;

[0014] (2) adding identification information to the component object geometric model, where the identification information is unique and computer-readable;

[0015] (3) Based on the spatial position of the component objects and the decomposition structure of the physical entities of the bridge facilities, the identification information is used to construct the multi-level geometric model assembly relationship of the bridge components, sub-facilities, and facilities.

[0016] Optionally, in step S3, a bridge digital twin physical model is constructed to express the inherent attributes or physical characteristics of the physical entity object itself, which is to further describe the functions, services and physical properties on the basis of the geometric model to improve the consistency between the digital twin model and the physical entity. The specific method is as follows:

[0017] (1) Add semantic information (classification coding) to the bridge component model to clarify the physical function of the model;

[0018] (2) Add work breakdown structure information (such as WBS code) to the bridge component model to clarify the construction process and method;

[0019] (3) Use the geometric model of the component object to calculate the volume value and supplement its physical property information.

[0020] Optionally, in step S4, a bridge digital twin behavior model is constructed to express the objective operation law of the physical entity, and further information such as the construction schedule and action behavior is added to ensure that the digital twin model is consistent with the physical entity in terms of behavior logic. The specific method is as follows:

[0021] (1) Based on the semantic information of the model, first add the overall construction "planned start time" and "planned end time" information for a certain type of component object;

[0022] (2) Then, based on the assembly relationship and work breakdown structure information in the geometric model and physical model, the construction “planned start time” and “planned end time” information of each component under a certain type of component object is automatically calculated;

[0023] (3) Based on the behavioral logic of the real physical world, the behavior model of the upper and lower cast-in-place components such as bridge piers and pile foundations is specified to have the "up and down growth" action; the behavior model of the installation components such as bridge precast beams is specified to have the "lifting and moving" action; the behavior model of the cast-in-place components such as bridge box beams is specified to have the "growing along the line" action, and so on.

[0024] (4) Based on the business needs of construction progress management, the behavior actions for components in different construction states or with delayed construction progress are specified, such as rendering the appearance color or hiding the components.

[0025] Optionally, in step S5, the bridge digital twin rule model is constructed on the basis of the aforementioned multidimensional model, and a rule algorithm is constructed to analyze and predict the operating laws of the real physical world based on the digital twin model. Further, according to the needs of refined control of the construction progress, a construction progress control algorithm is established based on the data of the two dimensions of "time" and "number of components", and the actual number of construction delay days is calculated to support the prediction and control of the bridge construction progress. The specific method is as follows:

[0026] (1) According to the planned construction progress data, obtain the planned start time of a certain type of component, and calculate the planned progress according to the current time:

[0027]

[0028] Where: P 计划 : Planned progress (%); T t : Current time; T 1 : planned start time of a certain type of component; T 2 : The planned end time of a certain type of component;

[0029] (2) Based on the actual construction progress data, count the number of completed components of a certain type, and calculate the actual construction progress based on the total number of components of that type:

[0030]

[0031] Where: P 实际 : Actual progress (%); N t : Number of completed components; N 类型 : Total number of components of type;

[0032] (3) Using the proportion of the component volume value in the total volume of the components of the same type, the actual construction progress is corrected and the correction coefficient is calculated:

[0033]

[0034] Where: α: actual construction progress correction coefficient, v 构件 : Component volume value; V 类型 : Total volume value of type component; n 构件 : Number of components; N 类型 : Total number of components of type;

[0035] (4) Calculate the delay time in real time based on the planned construction progress and the actual construction progress:

[0036] ΔT=(P 实际 *α-P 计划 )*(T 2 -T 1 ) (Formula 4)

[0037] In the formula: ΔT: construction progress delay time, other symbols are the same as before.

[0038] Optionally, in step S6, the digital twin multidimensional model of the bridge is used to perform refined progress control of the entire construction process, specifically including: construction schedule simulation and optimization, actual construction progress visualization, and refined construction progress control and early warning.

[0039] Furthermore, the specific methods of construction schedule simulation and optimization are as follows:

[0040] (1) Based on the initially compiled construction schedule data, the identification information is used to associate the schedule data with the digital twin geometric model, and the dynamic simulation of the geometric model is driven according to the behavior action logic specified by the behavior model to realize the visualization of the construction schedule data;

[0041] (2) Based on the visual simulation results, propose optimization requirements for the construction schedule, modify the construction schedule data, and repeat step (1) until the optimal construction schedule data is obtained.

[0042] Among them, the specific methods for visualizing the actual construction progress are as follows:

[0043] (1) During the construction process, the “actual start time” and “actual end time” data of the construction of each component object are obtained through manual reporting, video monitoring, etc.;

[0044] (2) The actual construction progress data is associated with the geometric model based on the identification information, and the actual construction progress is visualized according to the color rendering and the presence or absence of the geometric model specified by the behavior model.

[0045] Furthermore, the specific methods for refined control and early warning of construction progress are as follows:

[0046] (1) During the construction process, the construction status of each component object, including under construction, completed construction, and not under construction, is obtained through manual reporting, video monitoring, etc. According to the calculation method in the rule model, the delay time ΔT is calculated. When ΔT>0, it is a construction delay, and when ΔT<0, it is an early construction.

[0047] (2) When ΔT is greater than the construction delay threshold, a construction progress warning is issued.

[0048] As mentioned above, in step S1, the actual physical entity composition of the bridge and the need for refined control of the construction progress are taken into account to establish the basic framework of the bridge digital twin model. Focusing on the core of the physical entity, the bridge structure is disassembled layer by layer according to the three levels of facilities, sub-facilities and components, and the component objects are used as the basic modeling units, which reduces the complexity of digital twin modeling; the application scenario of digital twin modeling is limited to refined control of construction progress, avoiding the technical difficulties brought by the wide extension of digital twin technology and ensuring the ease of use of the method;

[0049] In step S2, full use is made of the fruitful achievements of current BIM technology in geometric modeling to achieve high-precision geometric modeling of component objects. Only unique and readable identification information is added to the geometric model. This can ensure that the probability of information loss caused by data transmission is greatly reduced on the basis of the identifiable geometric model, thereby ensuring its stability as a digital twin information carrier. In addition, with the help of the spatial position and the decomposition structure of the physical entity of the bridge facility, a multi-level organization of component objects is achieved, which can further form geometric models of sub-facility and facility levels, realizing multi-level flexible expression of geometric models and meeting the multi-scenario application of digital twin models.

[0050] In step S3, a digital twin physical model is established, including three aspects of information: semantic coding, WBS coding, and physical properties. On the basis of the geometric model, the characteristics of the physical entity in terms of physical functions, construction process methods, and basic physical indicators are expressed, which supplements and improves the data required for the subsequent dimensional modeling and application of the digital twin. The three aspects of information of the physical model proposed by this method can also be further expanded to obtain BIM, construction and management system information, etc. according to conventional methods such as coding mapping. The method is universal.

[0051] In step S4, a digital twin behavior model is established, including information such as construction schedule, action behavior, etc., which is an expression of the operation logic of physical entities in the real physical world. At present, the preparation of bridge construction schedule is limited by the influence of multiple factors in the actual construction process. Therefore, the schedule is mostly prepared in the dimensions of divisions or sub-projects, and rarely involves defining the planned start and end time of a single component. This method first defines the start and end time of the construction schedule for a certain type of object according to the component classification, and then calculates the construction schedule start and end time of each component according to the number of types in the physical model and the process and method information carried by the WBS. The method proposed by the invention conforms to the current construction schedule preparation habits; the action behavior regulations in the component object also make the subsequent simulation more in line with the objective operation laws of the physical entity object.

[0052] In step S5, the digital twin rule model is established, which is a comprehensive application of the aforementioned digital twin multidimensional model. Through high-precision digital mapping of physical entity objects, the rule model can realize business analysis and prediction. The proposed method fully considers the current situation that there is a large difference between the actual construction sequence and the planned construction sequence of bridge projects. In order to improve the refinement of construction progress control, the actual physical entity object is taken as the core, based on the digital twin multidimensional model, and the actual construction delay days algorithm based on the two dimensional data of "time" and "number of components" is designed. The data required by the algorithm is completely generated by the existing progress management model, and no additional workload is added due to the application of technology. Specifically, the construction schedule is prepared using the time reverse method, and the time dimension data is used for calculation as the benchmark value for progress control; the actual construction progress data comes from the construction process. Based on the digital twin technology's multi-source data collection, real-time transmission and analysis technical solutions, the actual construction status of the physical entity object can be quickly obtained, and the actual construction progress is calculated using the component number dimension data as the actual value for progress control, and the delay data is calculated by comparing the actual value with the benchmark value; further combined with the fineness of the type division, an actual construction progress correction algorithm is proposed to ensure that even when a relatively rough type division is adopted, relatively accurate progress delay data can be obtained. This method avoids the shortcomings of inaccurate results and additional burdens caused by changing the current working method when using a single time or component number dimension data for calculation, and provides a practical solution for the application of digital twin technology in the refined control of construction progress.

[0053] In step S6, a refined control method for bridge construction progress based on the fusion of geometric, physical, behavioral, and rule multidimensional models of digital twin technology is proposed for the first time, covering the entire process of construction progress management, including construction progress simulation and optimization, actual construction progress visualization, and refined control and early warning of construction progress. In particular, in the process of preparing the construction progress plan, the application of the digital twin multidimensional model can realize the rapid visualization of the component-level construction progress plan and optimize the construction progress plan in the three-dimensional virtual scene; in the actual construction process, the actual construction status is collected through manual reporting or video monitoring, and a virtual scene that is highly consistent with the actual construction scene is constructed; further, through the creation of a rule model, the number of days of construction progress delay is calculated, and when the delay exceeds the threshold, an early warning is issued, using the digital twin analysis and prediction capabilities to serve the refined control of the bridge construction process.

[0054] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0055] (1) Compared with the current BIM technology, the architecture created by the digital twin multidimensional model realizes the effective decoupling of redundant data of bridge construction progress, and improves the depth and standardization of the digital expression of physical entity objects. First, modeling is carried out from the four dimensions of geometry, physics, behavior and rules, which decouples information by type and solidifies the dimensions. Compared with BIM technology, it not only increases the richness of information in the model, but also emphasizes the establishment of algorithmic models, which also improves the depth and efficiency of data application; secondly, the geometric model is processed separately from other models to avoid repeated geometric modeling, which can not only efficiently cope with the characteristics of frequent data changes in multiple business scenarios, but also supports the flexible selection and coupling of various dimensional models according to different business needs, given that the multidimensional models are all based on physical entities.

[0056] (2) Based on the composition relationship of bridge facilities, an objective physical entity object decomposition structure is established, which solves the problems of poor data flow, information loss, and low model reuse rate in the whole life cycle caused by inconsistent engineering decomposition structure. Digital twin technology takes the objective physical entity objects as the core, and can use multi-dimensional models to carry the digital information of non-physical entity objects such as processes and methods in the whole cycle of construction, which greatly reduces the current modeling difficulty; the unified decomposition structure also realizes the multi-level flexible assembly modeling of sub-facilities and facilities with components as the basic units.

[0057] (3) While adopting digital twin technology, the current bridge construction progress management work mode is fully considered. The technical advantages of the digital twin multi-dimensional model are used to make up for the low data utilization rate in the current work mode, and effectively improve the existing work efficiency and data value. The digital twin multi-dimensional modeling process emphasizes algorithm modeling and supports the calculation of other dimensional information derived from the data of this dimension, such as using the geometric model to calculate the volume data in the physical model, and using the physical model to calculate the start and end time data of the component-level progress plan.

[0058] (4) This method innovatively uses the two different dimensions of "time" and "number of components" in construction to calculate the construction progress delay data, and establishes a digital twin rule model to quantitatively evaluate the gap between the actual construction progress and the construction progress plan. Compared with the existing technology, it avoids the problem of inaccurate calculation or inconsistency with the current working mode caused by the single use of "time" or "number of components" calculation; further using the property data (volume) of the digital twin physical model, a construction progress correction algorithm is proposed to ensure that even when a relatively coarse type division granularity is used, relatively accurate progress delay data can be obtained, thereby improving the accuracy and applicability of the digital twin rule model for refined control of bridge construction progress. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0060] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the digital twin geometric model;

[0061] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the construction behavior of the component model;

[0062] Figure 3 Rendering behavior action diagram for component color;

[0063] Figure 4 A schematic diagram for refined control of actual construction progress;

[0064] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of construction schedule simulation;

[0065] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of statistical analysis of basic data of construction progress;

[0066] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of data collection for actual construction progress;

[0067] Figure 8 The figure is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] In order to facilitate ordinary technicians in the field to understand and implement the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation examples. It should be understood that the implementation examples described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0069] A method for fine-grained control of bridge construction progress based on a digital twin multidimensional model, such as Figure 8 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0070] S1. Focusing on the physical entity objects of bridge facilities, according to the order of bridge construction and the needs of progress control, the components of the bridge are divided into three levels: bridge facilities, sub-facilities and components. The physical entity decomposition structure of the bridge facilities is established, as shown in Table 1. The physical entity objects at the component level are obtained and serve as the basis for the subsequent creation of the digital twin multi-dimensional model.

[0071] Table 1 Physical entity decomposition structure of bridge facilities

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] S2. Use common software such as AutoCAD, Revit, Tekla, etc. to create a digital twin geometric model of the bridge for component-level objects, such as Figure 1 As shown; add geometric model identification information, which is unique and computer-readable; according to the spatial position of the component object and the decomposition structure of the physical entity of the bridge, use the identification information to assign the three-level association relationship of component-sub-facility-facility to the geometric model, as shown in Table 2, for example, XLZTDQ_LEFT_D0T_D01_ZJ can be parsed as bridge facility (XLZTDQ), spatial position (LEFT), sub-facility (D0T), component object (D01_ZJ).

[0075] Table 2 Geometric model identification information and hierarchical relationship

[0076] Sub-facilities member Identification Information Hierarchical relationship analysis Pile foundation Pile foundation XLZTDQ_LEFT_D0T_D01_ZJ Bridge facilities - left side - platform 0 - first pile foundation Pile foundation Pile foundation XLZTDQ_LEFT_D0T_D02_ZJ Bridge facilities - left span - platform 0 - second pile foundation ... ... ... ... Substructure Pier XLZTDQ_LEFT_D16DZ_D1_DZ Bridge facilities - left span - pier 16 - first pier Substructure Pier XLZTDQ_LEFT_D17DZ_D2_DZ Bridge facilities - left span - pier 17 - second pier ... ... ... ... Box girder installation Inner beam XLZTDQ_LEFT_D1KO_D1XL_NBL Bridge facilities - left span - first span - first box beam - inner side beam Box girder installation Inner beam XLZTDQ_LEFT_D1KO_D2XL_NBL Bridge facilities - left span - first span - second box beam - inner side beam ... ... ... ... Rotation structure Cast-in-place segments XLZTDQ_D7KO_D1JD_ZT_XJJD Bridge facilities - No. 7 hole - Section 1 - Rotation cast-in-place section Rotation structure Cast-in-place segments XLZTDQ_D8KO_D1JD_ZT_XJJD Bridge facilities - No. 8 hole - Section 1 - Rotation cast-in-place section

[0077] S3. Establish a digital twin physical model, including semantic coding, WBS coding and physical properties, as shown in Table 3.

[0078] Table 3 List of component physical model data

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] S4. Establish a digital twin behavior model, including information on construction schedules, action behaviors, etc., to express the operation logic of physical entities in the real physical world. Establish the "planned start time" and "planned end time" information of each component object, as shown in Table 4; according to the behavior logic of the real world, define the behavior action as "up and down growth" for the upper and lower pouring component models such as bridge piers and pile foundations, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the behavior action is specified as "hoisting and moving" for the component models of the precast bridge beams and other installation types, and the behavior action is specified as "growing along the route" for the component models of the bridge box beams and other components cast along the route. According to the business needs of construction progress management, the behavior action is specified as rendering the color red for the components with lagging construction progress, as shown in the figure. Figure 3 shown.

[0082] Table 4 Component object behavior model data list

[0083]

[0084] S5. Establish a digital twin rule model. Considering the background conditions that there are large differences between the actual construction sequence of the current bridge project and the planned construction sequence, in order to improve the refinement of construction progress control, according to the characteristics of digital twin technology, with the actual physical component object as the core, design an actual construction delay days algorithm based on the two dimensional data of "time" and "number of components", and correct the delay days.

[0085] (1) According to the optimized construction schedule, read the current time, substitute it into the schedule calculation formula, and calculate the current construction schedule progress percentage;

[0086] (2) According to the actual construction progress data source, the construction status of each component object is analyzed. When it is under construction or completed, it is counted as the number of completed components and substituted into the actual construction progress calculation formula to calculate the current actual construction progress percentage;

[0087] (3) Analyze the component volume value in the physical model, calculate the actual construction progress correction coefficient for each type of component, correct the number of original components to obtain the adjusted number of components, as shown in Table 5, and correct the current actual construction progress percentage.

[0088] Table 5 Actual construction progress correction coefficient table

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] (4) Subtract the planned construction progress percentage from the actual construction progress percentage after correction for a certain type and multiply it by the planned start and end time of the type to obtain the number of days of delay, such as Figure 4shown.

[0092] S6. A method for fine-grained control of bridge construction progress based on the digital twin technology, which integrates geometric, physical, behavioral, and rule-based multi-dimensional models, is proposed. It covers the entire process of construction progress management, including construction schedule simulation and optimization, actual construction progress visualization, and fine-grained control and early warning of construction progress.

[0093] (1) Add marking information consistent with the geometric model to the initial construction schedule, parse the construction schedule data, associate the geometric model, and perform dynamic demonstration according to the behavioral logic, such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, a construction progress bar chart can be drawn based on the data, and data analysis and statistics can be performed based on the geometric and physical model data, such as Figure 6 As shown, construction schedule simulation and optimization are realized.

[0094] (2) According to the actual construction progress data, the actual construction start and end time of the component is obtained, the geometric model is associated, and the simulation is performed according to the behavioral logic. The actual construction process is recorded using the geometric model, and the actual construction progress data is visualized, such as Figure 7 shown.

[0095] (3) Based on the calculation method proposed in step S5, the actual construction progress is calculated on the basis of geometric, physical and behavioral models, such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, by utilizing the number of delay or advance days, refined control and early warning of the construction progress can be achieved.

[0096] The method described in the present invention is applied in the construction progress control of a super-large bridge across a railway on a certain highway. According to the composition content of the super-large bridge and the specific needs of progress control, the structure of the bridge is firstly decomposed to obtain bridge facilities-sub-facilities-component objects, and further, according to the digital twin multi-dimensional modeling architecture, high-precision geometric model, physical model, behavior model and rule model of the whole bridge are established respectively to realize the all-round expression of the physical entity of the bridge; secondly, although the modeling is carried out separately from multiple dimensions in the modeling process, the relationship between multi-dimensional data is established through algorithmic modeling, and the data between the multi-dimensional models of the digital twin is integrated to improve the adaptability of the digital twin model to multiple application scenarios and the high-fidelity representation of physical entity objects; thirdly, with the physical entity of the bridge as the core, a whole business process integration system is established. The decomposition structure solves the problems that could not be handled in the previous construction process due to the lack of modeling objects such as procedures and methods. At the same time, the decomposition structure also makes the expression of the digital twin model more hierarchical, and provides information support for the current construction progress data based on the sub-project. Finally, a progress delay algorithm is established in the rule model to make full use of the information data in the geometric, physical, and behavioral models, and use the algorithms in the models of each dimension to supplement the data required in the application process. The entire method does not add additional data processing or supplementary work to the existing working methods due to the application of new technologies, and effectively improves the current work efficiency. During the implementation of this project, early warning of delayed progress in the rotation construction was realized, which reduced the frequency of on-site inspections required by the construction party due to progress management business, reduced management difficulty and improved management efficiency.

[0097] It should be understood that the above description of the preferred embodiment is relatively detailed and cannot be regarded as limiting the scope of patent protection of the present invention. Under the enlightenment of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make substitutions or modifications without departing from the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention, which all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection requested for the present invention shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for fine-grained control of bridge construction progress based on a digital twin multidimensional model, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Analyze the composition of the bridge from the perspective of physical entities, and establish the physical entity decomposition structure of the bridge facilities in combination with refined management and control objectives; Step 2: Build a digital twin geometric model of the bridge; Step 3: Further construct the physical model of the bridge digital twin; Step 4: Further construct the bridge digital twin behavior model; Step 5: Further construct the bridge digital twin rule model; Step 6: Use the multi-dimensional model of the bridge digital twin to conduct refined control of the construction progress; In step 2, a digital twin geometric model of the bridge is constructed to express the geometric appearance characteristics of the physical entity object, providing a basic information carrier for subsequent physical, behavioral and rule model data. The specific method is as follows: Step 2.1, using AutoCAD, Revit, Tekla software to create a geometric model of the component objects divided in step 1; Step 2.2, adding identification information to the component object geometric model, where the identification information is unique and computer-readable; Step 2.3, based on the spatial position of the component object and the decomposition structure of the physical entity of the bridge facility, use the identification information to construct a multi-level geometric model assembly relationship of the bridge component, sub-facilities, and facilities; In step 3, a bridge digital twin physical model is constructed to express the inherent attributes or physical characteristics of the physical entity object itself, which further describes the functions, business and physical properties on the basis of the geometric model and improves the consistency between the digital twin model and the physical entity. The specific method is as follows: Step 3.1, add semantic information to the bridge component model and clarify the physical function of the model; Step 3.2, add work breakdown structure information to the bridge component model to clarify the construction process and method; Step 3.3, using the geometric model of the component object to calculate the volume value and supplement its physical property information; In step 4, a bridge digital twin behavior model is constructed to express the objective operation law of the physical entity object, and the construction schedule and action behavior information are further added to ensure that the digital twin model is consistent with the physical entity in terms of behavior logic. The specific method is as follows: Step 4.1, based on the semantic information of the model, first add the overall construction "planned start time" and "planned end time" information for a certain type of component object; Step 4.2, then automatically calculate the "planned start time" and "planned end time" information of the construction of each component under a certain type of component object according to the assembly relationship and work breakdown structure information in the geometric model and the physical model; Step 4.3, based on the behavior logic of the real physical world, the "up and down growth" action is specified for the component behavior model of bridge piers and pile foundation casting, the "hoisting and moving" action is specified for the component behavior model of bridge precast beam installation, and the "growing along the line" action is specified for the component model of bridge cast-in-place box beam casting along the line; Step 4.4: According to the business needs of construction progress management, define the behavior of components in different construction states or delayed in construction progress, render the appearance color or hide the components; In step 5, the construction of the bridge digital twin rule model is based on the aforementioned multidimensional model, and a rule algorithm is constructed to analyze and predict the operating laws of the real physical world based on the digital twin model. Further, according to the needs of refined control of the construction progress, a construction progress control algorithm is established based on the data of the two dimensions of "time" and "number of components", and the actual number of construction delay days is calculated to support the prediction and control of the bridge construction progress. The specific method is as follows: Step 5.1: According to the planned data of the construction progress, obtain the planned start time of a certain type of component, and calculate the planned progress according to the current time: Where: P 计划 : Planned progress (%); T t : current time; T1: the planned start time of a certain type of component; T2: the planned end time of a certain type of component; Step 5.2: According to the actual construction progress data, count the number of completed components of a certain type, and calculate the actual construction progress based on the total number of components of this type: Where: P 实际 : Actual progress (%); N t : Number of completed components; N 类型 : Total number of components of type; Step 5.3: Use the proportion of the component volume value in the total volume of the components of the same type to correct the actual construction progress and calculate the correction coefficient: Where: α: actual construction progress correction coefficient, v 构件 : Component volume value; V 类型 : Total volume value of type component; n 构件 : Number of components; N 类型 : Total number of components of type; Step 5.4: Calculate the delay time in real time based on the planned construction progress and the actual construction progress: ΔT=(P 实际 -a-P 计划 )*(T2-T1) (4) Where: ΔT: construction progress delay time, other symbols are the same as before; In step 6, the bridge digital twin multi-dimensional model is used to carry out refined control of the progress of the entire construction process, including: construction schedule simulation and optimization, actual construction progress visualization, and refined control and early warning of the construction progress; The specific method of construction schedule simulation and optimization is as follows: Step 6.11, prepare the initial construction schedule data, use the identification information to associate the plan data with the digital twin geometric model, drive the dynamic simulation of the geometric model according to the behavior action logic specified by the behavior model, and realize the visualization of the construction schedule data; Step 6.12: According to the visual simulation results, propose the optimization requirements of the schedule, modify the construction schedule data, and repeat step 6.11 until the optimal construction schedule data is obtained; The specific method for visualizing the actual construction progress is as follows: Step 6.21: During the construction process, obtain the "actual start time" and "actual end time" data of each component object through manual reporting and video monitoring; Step 6.22, associate the geometric model of the component object according to the identification information, and visualize the actual construction progress according to the color rendering and component hiding actions specified by the behavior model; The specific methods for refined control and early warning of construction progress are as follows: Step 6.31, during the construction process, the construction status of each component object, including under construction, completed construction, and not under construction, is obtained through manual reporting and video monitoring. According to the calculation method in the rule model, the delay time ΔT is calculated. When ΔT>0, it is a construction delay, and when ΔT<0, it is an early construction. Step 6.32: When ΔT is greater than the construction delay threshold, a construction progress warning is issued.

2. The method for fine-grained control of bridge construction progress based on a digital twin multidimensional model according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 1, focusing on the physical entity objects of the bridge facilities and according to the needs of refined management and control of the bridge construction progress, the composition of the bridge is divided into three levels: bridge facilities, sub-facilities and components, a decomposition structure of the physical entity of the bridge facilities is established, and further digital twin multi-dimensional models are created for objects at the component level.

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