Terminal network access method, terminal and base station communication method and related equipment

Abstract

The present application discloses a method for accessing a terminal, a method for communicating between a terminal and a base station, and related equipment, and relates to the field of communication technology. The method comprises: after reporting access request information to a base station, opening a preset monitoring time window, and monitoring whether the base station has issued a first preamble, wherein the first preamble is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station before transmitting access response information in response to the access request information; if the first preamble is monitored, opening a data receiving window to receive the access response information transmitted by the base station, wherein the duration of the monitoring time window is less than the duration of the data receiving window. The present application solves the problem that LoRaWAN in the prior art is difficult to take into account both low power consumption and real-time performance of the terminal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method for accessing a terminal, a method for communicating between a terminal and a base station, and related equipment. Background Art

[0002] This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention recited in the claims. No admission is made that the description herein is prior art by its inclusion in this section.

[0003] In the field of smart agriculture, in order to meet the needs of data collection and downlink control in different regional environments, NB (Narrow Band Internet of Things, narrowband Internet of Things technology), wireless digital communication modulation technology LoRa, cat1

[0004] (LTEUE-Category1) and other communication methods are gradually widely used. Most of the terminal equipment in the agricultural field is located in mountainous areas with remote environments or inconvenient power supply, so the terminal equipment and downlink control equipment are required to have low power consumption, and the uplink reporting and downlink control must be timely without too much delay. Therefore, in order to better serve the agricultural field, the communication design must meet the following goals: 1. The gateway meets the requirements of low latency for data collection and control. 2. The terminal meets the requirements of low latency and low power consumption for control. The scenario design requirements for the above goals include: 1) Agriculture and related task scenarios, data collection and downlink control; 2) Under the conditions of LAN network, field scenarios such as plain scenarios must exceed the LoRa coverage distance (SF12 transmission effective distance), and mountainous scenarios must be able to reach low-lying areas through LoRa mesh. The above scenarios have certain requirements for communication power consumption and response time (low power consumption and fast response time), and there are also local control requirements.

[0005] LoRaWAN, which is currently widely used in agricultural scenarios, is usually used for data collection. Due to the power consumption of the terminal, the downlink control-related applications have not formed a good protocol mechanism to take into account low power consumption and real-time performance. The current LoRaWAN has three working modes: Class A, Class B and Class C. If the agricultural terminal works in ClassA mode, the terminal will only open two short downlink receiving windows after sending the uplink data packet. Although the power consumption is low, the downlink control is not timely and there is too much delay, and the network server cannot wake up the terminal in real time. The downlink receiving window of the terminal working in ClassB mode is opened regularly, and the downlink receiving window of the node working in ClassC mode is always open. Among them, the receiving window time of the ClassB mode is usually not less than 2 seconds. The power consumption of the entire receiving window is still large for the terminal in the mountainous area where power supply is inconvenient, and the power consumption of the ClassC mode is greater than that of the ClassB mode. It can be seen that the three working modes of the existing LoRaWAN are difficult to take into account the low power consumption and real-time performance of each communication device in the agricultural field. Summary of the invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present application provide a method for accessing a terminal, a method for communicating between a terminal and a base station, and related equipment, so as to at least solve the problem in the prior art that it is difficult for LoRaWAN to achieve both low power consumption and real-time performance of the terminal.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present application, a method for network access of a terminal is also provided. The method is implemented based on the terminal, and the method includes:

[0008] After reporting the network access request information to the base station, opening a preset monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station sends a first preamble code, wherein the first preamble code is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station before transmitting a network access response information in response to the network access request information;

[0009] If the first preamble code is monitored, a data receiving window is opened to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station, wherein the duration of the monitoring time window is shorter than the duration of the data receiving window.

[0010] In some embodiments, when opening a data receiving window to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station (20), the method further comprises:

[0011] If the first preamble code is not monitored within the monitoring time window, or the network access response information is not received within the data receiving window, the monitoring time window is periodically opened based on a preset monitoring time interval to monitor whether the base station has sent the first preamble code.

[0012] In some embodiments, before periodically opening the monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station has sent the first preamble code, the method further includes:

[0013] regularly opening the monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station has sent a second preamble, where the second preamble is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station before transmitting uplink channel test information in response to the network access request information;

[0014] If the second preamble code is monitored, the data receiving window is opened to receive the uplink channel test information, and the downlink channel test information in response to the uplink channel test information is reported to the base station, so that the base station transmits the network access response information after receiving the downlink channel test information.

[0015] In some of the embodiments, it also includes:

[0016] Reporting the network access request information to the relay gateway, which forwards the network access request information to the base station, and opening the monitoring time window to monitor whether the relay gateway has sent a third preamble, wherein the relay gateway is also used to receive network access response information sent by the base station in response to the network access request information, and the third preamble is a wireless signal transmitted by the relay gateway before forwarding the network access response information to the terminal;

[0017] If the third preamble code is monitored, the data receiving window is opened to receive the network access response information forwarded by the relay gateway.

[0018] In some embodiments, a routing table is provided in the relay gateway, and the routing table is generated according to the triplet information of different terminals; when the network access request information is reported to the relay gateway, the method further includes:

[0019] The triplet information belonging to the terminal is reported to the relay gateway, so that the relay gateway forwards the network access request information to the base station based on the triplet information and the routing table.

[0020] In some embodiments, the base station stores a triplet information list, and the triplet information list stores triplet information of different terminals; then, before periodically opening the monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station sends the first preamble code, the method further includes:

[0021] The triplet information belonging to the terminal is reported to the base station, so that the base station determines whether the triplet information belongs to the triplet information list, and if so, sends the first preamble code to the terminal; if not, sends the second preamble code to the terminal.

[0022] In some of the embodiments, the step of the terminal reporting the network access request information to the base station includes:

[0023] Based on a preset broadcast time interval, the network access request information is broadcast to the base station regularly, so that after the broadcast ends, the monitoring time window is opened to monitor whether the base station has sent the first preamble code.

[0024] In some embodiments, the data receiving window includes a first data receiving window and a second data receiving window, and the duration of the monitoring time window is shorter than the duration of the first data receiving window and the second data receiving window; when the data receiving window is opened to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station, the method further includes:

[0025] If the network access response information is received in the first data receiving window, first positive feedback information of receiving the network access response information is reported to the base station, and the second data receiving window is closed.

[0026] In some embodiments, when opening a data receiving window to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station, the method further includes:

[0027] If the network access response information is not received in the first data receiving window, opening the second data receiving window, and if the network access response information is received in the second data receiving window, reporting second positive feedback information of receiving the network access response information to the base station;

[0028] If the network access response information is not received within the second data receiving window, the monitoring time window is periodically opened based on a preset monitoring time interval to monitor whether the base station has sent the first preamble code.

[0029] In some embodiments, the transmission duration of the first preamble code transmitted by the base station is set to a first transmission duration, the transmission duration of the second preamble code transmitted by the base station is set to a second transmission duration, and the transmission duration of the third preamble code transmitted by the relay gateway is set to a third transmission duration, wherein the first transmission duration, the second transmission duration and the third transmission duration are all longer than the duration of the listening time interval.

[0030] According to another aspect of the present application, a communication method between a terminal and a base station is also provided, the communication method being implemented after the terminal completes network access based on the network access method of the terminal, the method comprising:

[0031] After reporting the uplink data information to the base station, opening a preset monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station sends a fourth preamble, wherein the fourth preamble is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station before transmitting the downlink data information in response to the uplink data information;

[0032] If the fourth preamble code is monitored, the data receiving window is opened to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station, wherein the duration of the monitoring time window is shorter than the duration of the data receiving window.

[0033] In some of the embodiments, when the data receiving window is opened to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station, the method further includes:

[0034] If the fourth preamble is not monitored within the monitoring time window, or the downlink data information is not received within the data receiving window, the monitoring time window is periodically opened based on a preset monitoring time interval to monitor whether the base station has sent the fourth preamble.

[0035] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0036] Reporting the uplink data information to the relay gateway, which forwards the uplink data information to the base station, and opening the monitoring time window to monitor whether the relay gateway has sent a fifth preamble, wherein the relay gateway is also used to receive downlink data information sent by the base station in response to the uplink data information, and the fifth preamble is a wireless signal transmitted by the relay gateway before forwarding the downlink data information to the terminal;

[0037] If the fifth preamble code is monitored, the data receiving window is opened to receive the downlink data information forwarded by the relay gateway.

[0038] In some embodiments, a routing table is provided in the relay gateway, and the routing table is generated according to the triplet information of different terminals; when the uplink data information is reported to the relay gateway, the method further includes:

[0039] The triplet information belonging to the terminal is reported to the relay gateway, so that the relay gateway forwards the uplink data information to the base station based on the triplet information and the routing table.

[0040] In some embodiments, the step of reporting uplink data information to the base station includes:

[0041] Based on a preset broadcast time interval, the uplink data information is broadcast to the base station regularly, so that after the broadcast is completed, the monitoring time window is opened to monitor whether the base station has sent the fourth preamble code.

[0042] In some embodiments, the data receiving window includes a first data receiving window and a second data receiving window, and the duration of the monitoring time window is shorter than the duration of the first data receiving window and the second data receiving window; when the data receiving window is opened to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station, the method further includes:

[0043] If the downlink data information is received in the first data receiving window, third positive feedback information of receiving the downlink data information is reported to the base station, and the second data receiving window is closed.

[0044] In some of the embodiments, when the data receiving window is opened to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station, the method further includes:

[0045] If the downlink data information is not received in the first data receiving window, opening the second data receiving window to receive the downlink data information through the second data receiving window;

[0046] If the downlink data information is received in the second data receiving window, reporting fourth positive feedback information of receiving the downlink data information to the base station;

[0047] If the downlink data information is not received in the second data receiving window, the monitoring time window is periodically opened based on a preset monitoring time interval to monitor whether the base station has sent the fourth preamble code.

[0048] In some of the embodiments, the transmission duration of the fourth preamble code transmitted by the base station is set to a fourth transmission duration, and the transmission duration of the fifth preamble code transmitted by the relay gateway is set to a fifth transmission duration, wherein the fourth transmission duration and the fifth transmission duration are both longer than the duration of the listening time interval.

[0049] According to another aspect of the present application, a method for network access of a terminal is also provided, the method being implemented based on a base station, and the method comprising:

[0050] Receiving network access request information reported by the terminal;

[0051] A first preamble code is transmitted to the terminal, wherein the first preamble code is a wireless signal transmitted before a network access response message in response to the network access request message is transmitted to the terminal, so that the terminal opens a data receiving window to receive the network access response message transmitted by the base station (20) after listening to the first preamble code in an opened listening time window, wherein the duration of the listening time window is shorter than the duration of the data receiving window.

[0052] In some embodiments, when the terminal opens a data receiving window to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station (20), the method further comprises:

[0053] If the terminal fails to detect the first preamble code within the monitoring time window, or fails to receive the network access response information within the data receiving window, the terminal periodically opens the monitoring time window based on a preset monitoring time interval to monitor whether the base station has sent the first preamble code.

[0054] In some embodiments, before transmitting the first preamble code to the terminal, the method further includes:

[0055] transmitting a second preamble to the terminal, where the second preamble is a wireless signal transmitted before transmitting uplink channel test information in response to the network access request information to the terminal, and the terminal periodically opens the monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station has sent the second preamble, and if the second preamble is monitored, opens the data receiving window to receive the uplink channel test information;

[0056] receiving downlink channel test information reported by the terminal in response to the uplink channel test information, and transmitting the first preamble code to the terminal after receiving the downlink channel test information.

[0057] In some embodiments, when the terminal reports the network access request information to a relay gateway, and the relay gateway forwards the network access request information to the base station, the method further includes:

[0058] Receive the network access request information from the terminal forwarded by the relay gateway, and send the network access response information in response to the network access request information to the relay gateway, so as to send a third preamble code to the terminal through the relay gateway, and the third preamble code is a wireless signal emitted by the relay gateway before forwarding the network access response information to the terminal, so that the terminal opens the data receiving window to receive the network access response information forwarded by the relay gateway after monitoring the third preamble code.

[0059] In some embodiments, the base station stores a triplet information list, and the triplet information list stores triplet information of different terminals; before transmitting the second preamble to the terminal, the method further includes:

[0060] receiving triplet information belonging to the terminal reported by the terminal;

[0061] It is determined whether the triplet information belongs to the triplet information list; if so, the first preamble code is sent to the terminal; if not, the second preamble code is sent to the terminal.

[0062] In some embodiments, the data receiving window includes a first data receiving window and a second data receiving window, and the duration of the listening time window is shorter than the duration of the first data receiving window and the second data receiving window; the method further includes:

[0063] Receive first positive feedback information reported by the terminal, where the first positive feedback information is feedback information that the terminal receives the network access response information within the first data receiving window.

[0064] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0065] Receive second positive feedback information reported by the terminal, where the second positive feedback information is feedback information that the terminal did not receive the network access response information in the first data receiving window, but received the network access response information in the opened second data receiving window.

[0066] In some of the embodiments, the transmission duration of the first preamble code to the terminal is the first transmission duration, the transmission duration of the second preamble code to the terminal is the second transmission duration, and the duration of the relay gateway to transmit the third preamble code is set to the third transmission duration, wherein the first transmission duration, the second transmission duration and the third transmission duration are all longer than the duration of the listening time interval.

[0067] According to another aspect of the present application, a communication method between a terminal and a base station is also provided. The communication method is implemented by the base station after the terminal completes network access based on the network access method of the terminal, and the method includes:

[0068] Receiving uplink data information reported by the terminal;

[0069] Transmitting a fourth preamble to the terminal, wherein the fourth preamble is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station before transmitting downlink data information in response to the uplink data information, so that the terminal opens a data receiving window to receive the downlink data information after listening to the fourth preamble in the opened listening time window;

[0070] The duration of the monitoring time window is shorter than the duration of the data receiving window.

[0071] In some embodiments, when the terminal opens the data receiving window to receive the downlink data information, the method further includes:

[0072] If the fourth preamble is not monitored within the monitoring time window, or the downlink data information is not received within the data receiving window, the monitoring time window is periodically opened to monitor the fourth preamble based on a preset monitoring time interval.

[0073] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0074] Receive the uplink data information from the terminal forwarded by the relay gateway, and send the downlink data information in response to the uplink data information to the relay gateway, so as to send a fifth preamble code to the terminal through the relay gateway, wherein the fifth preamble code is a wireless signal emitted by the relay gateway before forwarding the downlink data information to the terminal; then, after the terminal listens to the fifth preamble code in the opened listening time window, it opens the data receiving window to receive the downlink data information forwarded by the relay gateway.

[0075] In some embodiments, the data receiving window includes a first data receiving window and a second data receiving window, and the duration of the listening time window is shorter than the duration of the first data receiving window and the second data receiving window; the method further includes:

[0076] Receive third positive feedback information reported by the terminal, where the third positive feedback information is information fed back by the terminal after receiving the downlink data information in the first data receiving window.

[0077] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0078] Receive fourth positive feedback information reported by the terminal, where the fourth positive feedback information is information fed back by the terminal after the terminal fails to receive the downlink data information in the first data receiving window and receives the downlink data information in the opened second data receiving window.

[0079] According to another aspect of the present application, a terminal is also provided, and the terminal uses the terminal network access method to complete network access.

[0080] According to another aspect of the present application, a communication device between a terminal and a base station is also provided, the communication device being arranged in the terminal, the communication device being used to implement the communication method between the terminal and the base station, the communication device comprising:

[0081] A monitoring module, configured to, after reporting the uplink data information to the base station, open a preset monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station has sent a fourth preamble, wherein the fourth preamble is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station before transmitting the downlink data information in response to the uplink data information;

[0082] The window opening module is used to open the data receiving window to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station if the monitoring module monitors the fourth preamble code, wherein the duration of the monitoring time window is less than the duration of the data receiving window.

[0083] According to another aspect of the present application, a base station is also provided, and the base station uses the terminal network access method to confirm the terminal network access.

[0084] According to another aspect of the present application, a communication device between a terminal and a base station is also provided, the communication device being arranged in the base station, the communication device being used to implement the communication method between the terminal and the base station, the communication device comprising:

[0085] A receiving module, used for receiving uplink data information reported by the terminal;

[0086] A transmitting module, used for transmitting a fourth preamble code to the terminal, wherein the fourth preamble code is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station before transmitting the downlink data information in response to the uplink data information, so that the terminal opens a data receiving window to receive the downlink data information after listening to the fourth preamble code in the opened listening time window; wherein the duration of the listening time window is less than the duration of the data receiving window.

[0087] According to another aspect of the present application, a communication system is also provided, including:

[0088] A terminal, wherein the terminal is provided with a communication device between the terminal and the base station;

[0089] A base station is provided with a communication device between a terminal and the base station, and the terminal is connected to the base station for communication.

[0090] In some of the embodiments, it also includes:

[0091] A relay gateway is connected between the terminal and the base station and is used to forward communication information between the terminal and the base station.

[0092] In some embodiments, the relay gateway includes:

[0093] Solar power supply module;

[0094] A processor connected to the solar power supply module;

[0095] A plurality of data transceivers are connected to the processors respectively, and the data transceivers are also connected to the solar power supply module.

[0096] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the following method steps when executing the computer program:

[0097] After reporting the network access request information to the base station, opening a preset monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station sends a first preamble code, wherein the first preamble code is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station before transmitting a network access response information in response to the network access request information;

[0098] If the first preamble code is monitored, a data receiving window is opened to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station, wherein the duration of the monitoring time window is shorter than the duration of the data receiving window.

[0099] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following method steps are implemented:

[0100] After reporting the network access request information to the base station, opening a preset monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station sends a first preamble code, wherein the first preamble code is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station before transmitting a network access response information in response to the network access request information;

[0101] If the first preamble code is monitored, a data receiving window is opened to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station, wherein the duration of the monitoring time window is shorter than the duration of the data receiving window.

[0102] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer program product is further provided, the computer program product comprising a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following method steps are implemented:

[0103] After reporting the network access request information to the base station, opening a preset monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station sends a first preamble code, wherein the first preamble code is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station before transmitting a network access response information in response to the network access request information;

[0104] If the first preamble code is monitored, a data receiving window is opened to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station, wherein the duration of the monitoring time window is shorter than the duration of the data receiving window.

[0105] In an embodiment of the present application, after reporting relevant information to the base station, the terminal immediately opens a listening time window to listen to the preamble code emitted by the base station before sending valid data such as network access response information. If the preamble code is listened to, the data receiving window is opened to receive valid data, thereby being able to receive downlink data in real time with high real-time performance. If not, there is no need to open the data receiving window to receive data, and more power consumption will not be caused by continuously opening the window. Compared with existing communication methods, the present application can take into account both the low power consumption and real-time usage requirements of the terminal, and is particularly suitable for terminal equipment in the agricultural field located in remote mountainous areas or with inconvenient power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0106] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0107] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for accessing a network by a terminal provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0108] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of an uplink and downlink channel test performed before a terminal accesses a network according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0109] Figure 3 A flow chart of a communication method between a terminal and a base station provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0110] Figure 4 A flowchart of a method for accessing a network by a terminal provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0111] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of an uplink and downlink channel test performed before a terminal accesses a network according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0112] Figure 6 A flow chart of a communication method between a terminal and a base station provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0113] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0114] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a base station provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0115] Fig. 9 A LoRa network protocol hierarchy diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0116] Fig.10 A timing diagram of interactions between devices in a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0117] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of wireless wake-up response of a terminal provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0118] Fig.12 A network topology diagram provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0119] Fig.13 A structural diagram of a relay gateway provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0120] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0121] 10. Terminal; 11. Monitoring module; 12. Window opening module; 20. Base station; 21. Receiving module; 22. Transmitting module; 30. Relay gateway; 31. Solar power supply module; 311. Charging unit; 312. Power supply unit; 32. Processor; 33. Data transceiver; 34. Locator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0122] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0123] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0124] Generally, the LoRa network system consists of a terminal 10, a base station 20 and a server. The terminal 10 has the LoRa network connection capability and accesses the LoRa network. Depending on the application scenario in which the LoRa network is deployed, the terminal 10 may include different electronic devices. For example, when the LoRa network is applied to the agricultural field, the terminal 10 may include a water valve or a fan. The base station 20 is also called a gateway or a concentrator in the LoRa network, and has a wireless connection aggregation function, including providing an entrance to the LoRa network for the terminal 10, forwarding data from the server or the terminal 10, and realizing data interaction between the terminal 10 and the server. The server may include a server or a server cluster for performing task processing according to the data obtained from the base station 20 or the terminal 10, and controlling the working mode and working state of the base station 20 or the terminal 10. Most of the terminal 10 devices in the agricultural field are located in mountainous areas with remote environments or inconvenient power supply, so the terminal 10 devices and downlink control devices are required to have low power consumption, and at the same time, the uplink reporting and downlink control must be timely, and there should not be too much delay. However, due to the power consumption problem of the terminal 10, the downlink control-related applications of the LoRaWAN network currently used in agricultural scenarios have not been able to form a good protocol mechanism to balance low power consumption and real-time performance.

[0125] In view of the above problems, the first embodiment of the present invention provides a network access method for a terminal 10. The network access method is implemented based on the terminal 10, such as Figure 1 As shown, the network access method includes the following steps:

[0126] Step S111: After reporting the network access request information to the base station 20, open a preset monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station 20 has issued a first preamble, wherein the first preamble is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station 20 before transmitting the network access response information in response to the network access request information. The preamble is a regular wireless signal used to notify the wireless receiver (such as the terminal 10 in the embodiment of the present invention) that the following wireless signal contains valid information (such as the network access response information). Secondly, in order to ensure that the network access request information received by the base station 20 is legal, the terminal 10 also needs to transmit a preamble before sending the network access request information. The base station 20 first parses the preamble reported by the terminal 10. If the preamble is correct, the network access request information of the terminal 10 is considered to be legal. The preamble code of the terminal 10 and the first preamble code sent by the base station 20 can be constrained in the corresponding communication protocol file in advance. The preamble code reported by the terminal 10 can be the same as the preamble code sent by the base station 20, or it can be different. Under normal circumstances, the sensitivity of the terminal 10 to being awakened is related to the number of bits in the preamble code (awakening here means that the terminal 10 starts to receive data after listening to the agreed preamble code). For example, the more bits, the higher the accuracy of the terminal 10 being awakened, and the more difficult it is to wake up. If the number of bits is relatively small, it is easy to be awakened, but it is easy to be awakened by mistake. When actually designing the preamble code, it is only necessary to ensure that the base station 20 can identify that the information received this time is legal based on the preamble code reported by the terminal 10, and the preamble code sent by the base station 20 can ensure that the terminal 10 can be awakened and will not be awakened by mistake.

[0127] Step S112: If the first preamble is monitored, the data receiving window is opened to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station 20, wherein the duration of the monitoring time window is less than the duration of the data receiving window. Therefore, the terminal 10 of the embodiment of the present invention does not need to continuously open the data receiving window, but only needs to first use the monitoring time window with a duration less than the data receiving window to first monitor the wireless signal (first preamble) transmitted by the base station 20, and only opens the data receiving window to receive data when the wireless signal is monitored, which has high real-time performance. If no wireless signal is received, there is no need to open the data receiving window. In order to obtain lower power consumption, the embodiment of the present invention sets the window opening duration of the monitoring time window of the terminal 10 to be less than the duration of the data receiving window, avoiding additional power consumption caused by continuous window opening. In the embodiment of the present invention, since the maximum data packet window of the spreading factor SF12 in the LoRa network is about 500ms, plus error redundancy, the embodiment of the present invention designs the duration of the data receiving window to be 1S, and the duration of the monitoring time window is set to 2ms (in milliseconds). When data does not need to be received, only the power consumption of opening the 2ms monitoring time window is consumed, avoiding continuous window opening to consume more power.

[0128] It can be seen that after the terminal 10 in the embodiment of the present invention reports the relevant information to the base station 20, it immediately opens the listening time window to listen to the preamble code emitted by the base station 20 before sending valid data such as the network access response information. If the preamble code is listened to, the data receiving window is opened to receive valid data, so that the downlink data can be received in real time, and the real-time performance is high. If not, there is no need to open the data receiving window to receive data, and more power consumption will not be consumed due to continuous window opening. Compared with the existing communication methods, the embodiment of the present invention can take into account the low power consumption and real-time use requirements of the terminal 10 at the same time. It is particularly suitable for terminal 10 devices in the agricultural field located in remote environments or mountainous areas with inconvenient power supply. Compared with the ClassA mode in the existing LoRaWAN network communication, the real-time performance is higher. The terminal 10 in the ClassA mode only opens two short downlink receiving windows after sending the uplink data packet, and the delay is large, and the network server cannot wake up the terminal 10 in real time. However, the embodiment of the present invention can first receive the wireless signal of the base station 20 through the set listening time window, and the terminal 10 is awakened to receive data after receiving the wireless signal, ensuring the real-time performance of the downlink control. Compared with the ClassB mode, the terminal 10 working in the ClassB mode uses a regularly opened receiving window to receive the downlink data sent by the base station 20, but the data receiving window of the ClassB mode will be opened regardless of whether data is received. However, the terminal 10 in the embodiment of the present invention only opens the data receiving window after receiving the wireless signal, which not only ensures real-time performance but also lowers power consumption compared to the ClassB mode. The design goal of the base station 20 meeting the requirements of low latency for data collection and control and the terminal 10 meeting the requirements of low latency and low power consumption is achieved.

[0129] When step S112 opens the data receiving window to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station 20, the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention also includes: if the first preamble code is not monitored within the monitoring time window, or the network access response information is not received within the data receiving window, then based on the preset monitoring time interval, the monitoring time window is regularly opened to monitor whether the base station 20 has sent the first preamble code. That is, when the terminal 10 in the embodiment of the present invention does not monitor the wireless signal for the first time, it opens the monitoring time window again after the preset monitoring time interval to monitor until the terminal 10 is awakened and automatically executes the pre-set broadcast or transparent transmission task. Therefore, the data receiving window will not be opened before the terminal 10 is awakened, achieving the use requirements of low power consumption and real-time performance. The preset listening time interval can be set to one second, so that the terminal 10 can listen to the preamble code once a second, and the listening time length each time is 2ms (that is, the listening time window is 2ms), until the terminal 10 itself is awakened and the terminal side autonomously transmits the execution task instruction, and immediately replies with confirmation ACK after the instruction is sent, and again based on the preset listening time interval, regularly opens the listening time window to listen to whether the base station 20 has sent the preamble code.

[0130] Before the base station 20 confirms whether to access the network based on the network access request information uploaded by the terminal 10, it is also necessary to authenticate the reliability of the uplink and downlink channels between the terminal 10. In this regard, the embodiment of the present invention periodically opens the monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station 20 has sent the first preamble code. Figure 2 As shown, the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention also includes the following steps:

[0131] Step S121: Regularly open the monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station 20 has sent down the second preamble, where the second preamble is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station 20 before transmitting the uplink channel test information in response to the network access request information. The second preamble and the first preamble can be the same preamble, and the "first" and "second" here are only for the convenience of description and to reflect that the valid data transmitted by the base station 20 after the preamble is different.

[0132] Step S122: If the second preamble is monitored, the data receiving window is opened to receive the uplink channel test information, and the downlink channel test information in response to the uplink channel test information is reported to the base station 20, so that the base station 20 transmits the network access response information after receiving the downlink channel test information. Similarly, in order to ensure that the downlink channel test information reported by the terminal 10 received by the base station 20 is legal, the terminal 10 also needs to carry a preamble when sending the downlink channel test information. The base station 20 first parses the preamble reported by the terminal 10. If the preamble is correct, the downlink channel test information reported by the terminal 10 is considered to be legal.

[0133] During the network access process of the terminal 10 in the embodiment of the present invention, the terminal 10 reports the network access request information (AccessConfirm), and after receiving the network access request information, the base station 20 (i.e., the gateway GateWay) sends the uplink channel test information (Up Channel Confirm) to the terminal 10. After monitoring the second preamble, the terminal 10 opens the data receiving window to receive the uplink channel test information sent by the base station 20, and immediately replies with the downlink channel test information (Down Channel Confirm), such as setting the information content of the downlink channel test information to "RSSIup+66666666", where RSSIup is the signal size of the uplink channel test information, and waits for the base station 20 to reply with a confirmation instruction. The base station 20 receives the downlink channel test information reported by the terminal 10, confirms that the uplink and downlink channels are reliable, and then sends the network access response information to the terminal 10 as the network access success confirmation information (Net Access Confirm), such as the information content of the network access success confirmation information can be set to "66666666" (the content can be set arbitrarily, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this). If it is confirmed that the uplink and downlink channels are unreliable, the network access response information sent to the terminal 10 is the network access failure information "77778888". In the embodiment of the present invention, if the signal size of the downlink channel test information is less than the preset signal size when it reaches the base station 20, the base station 20 can consider that the uplink and downlink channels between the terminal 10 and the terminal 10 are unreliable, and the network access response information to be sent to the terminal 10 is the network access failure information, that is, the downlink channel test information received by the base station 20 is a weak signal, such as a signal size RSSI value less than -135dBm (dBm is a milliwatt decibel), which is considered unreliable. In addition, as long as the base station 20 does not receive the downlink channel test information, the terminal 10 is unreliable and is not allowed to access the network.

[0134] In the field of smart agriculture, since the terminals 10 are mostly located in mountainous areas with remote environments or inconvenient power supply, they are usually far away from the base station 20. In order to make the field scenes such as plain scenes break through the LoRa network coverage distance, and the mountain scenes should be able to reach low-lying areas through LoRa mesh (mesh is a wireless mesh network, which is one of the key technologies to solve the "last mile" communication problem), the network access method provided in the embodiment of the present invention also includes: the terminal 10 reports the network access request information to the relay gateway 30, and the relay gateway 30 forwards the network access request information to the base station 20, and opens a monitoring time window to monitor whether the relay gateway 30 has issued a third preamble, wherein the relay gateway 30 is also used to receive the network access response information issued by the base station 20 in response to the network access request information, and the third preamble is the wireless signal transmitted by the relay gateway 30 before forwarding the network access response information to the terminal 10. If the terminal 10 monitors the third preamble, it opens a data receiving window to receive the network access response information forwarded by the relay gateway 30. The third preamble here can be the same preamble as the first preamble, the second preamble, etc. The embodiment of the present invention forwards the network access communication information between the terminal 10 and the base station 20 through the relay gateway 30, which can ensure that the base station 20 can receive the network access request information of the terminal 10 that cannot be received or is difficult to receive normally, so that the field scene such as the plain scene can break through the LoRa network coverage distance, and the mountain scene can reach the terminal 10 in the low-lying area, taking into account the low power consumption and real-time performance of the terminal 10, while the communication coverage is wider.

[0135] In the embodiment of the present invention, a routing table is provided in the relay gateway 30, and the routing table is generated according to the triplet information of different terminals 10, wherein the triplet information includes information such as productKey, deviceName and deviceSecret of the terminal 10. When the terminal 10 reports the network access request information to the relay gateway 30, the network access method provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes: the terminal 10 reports its own triplet information to the relay gateway 30, so that the relay gateway 30 forwards the network access request information to the base station 20 based on the triplet information and the routing table. Specifically, the routing algorithm of the relay gateway 30 in the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated below by way of example: after the first terminal 10, the second terminal 10, and the third terminal 10 are deployed, the first terminal 10, the second terminal 10, and the third terminal 10 respectively start to report network access request information to the base station 20, wherein the network access request information of the first terminal 10, the second terminal 10, and the third terminal 10 may all be received by the base station 20. When the base station 20 receives the network access request information of a terminal 10 (such as the third terminal 10), the triplet information of the third terminal 10 whose signal RSSI value of the network access request information is greater than -110dBm (the value may be adjusted according to different usage scenarios) is stored in the local server server of the base station 20, and the signal R The terminal 10 with an SSI value less than -110dBm (this value can be adjusted according to different usage scenarios) is a weak signal terminal 10. The network access request information of these weak signal terminals 10 will be received by the relay gateway 30, and the relay gateway 30 will forward the received triplet information of the terminal 10 to the base station 20 by simulating the terminal 10. After the base station 20 receives the triplet information of each terminal 10 from the relay gateway 30, the signal RSSI value of the first terminal 10 and the second terminal 10 is demodulated, which is the transmission signal value of the relay gateway 30. The transmission signal value is much larger than the signal value directly sent to the base station 20 by the first terminal 10 and the second terminal 10, so the base station 20 will accept the triplet information forwarded by the relay gateway 30 and save it. At the same time, the relay gateway 30 will also save the triplet information sent by the first terminal 10 and the second terminal 10, and form a routing table. At this point, the relay gateway 30 will forward the subsequent data packets of the first terminal 10 and the second terminal 10, and the base station 20 will receive the third terminal 10 and the data packets of the first terminal 10 and the second terminal 10 forwarded by the relay gateway 30, and form a stable data forwarding mechanism.

[0136] In an embodiment of the present invention, the base station 20 stores a triplet information list, and the triplet information list stores triplet information of different terminals 10. Then, before the terminal 10 periodically opens a listening time window to listen to whether the base station 20 has sent down a first preamble code, the network access method also includes: reporting the triplet information belonging to the terminal 10 to the base station 20, so that the base station 20 determines whether the triplet information belongs to the triplet information list, and if so, sends the first preamble code to the terminal 10 to achieve local network access. If not, send the second preamble code to the terminal 10. That is, the terminal 10 in the embodiment of the present invention can access the network based on ABP, and the full name of ABP in English is Activation by Personalization (that is, ABP access is a personalized activation access method). ABP network access means pre-burning the triplet information of the terminal 10 in the server of the base station 20 in advance. When the base station 20 receives the network access request information of the terminal 10 and demodulates the triplet information, it will compare the triplet information with the triplet information stored locally. If it belongs to the triplet information in the pre-burning, the base station 20 will consider that the terminal 10 is legal and can immediately reply the network access confirmation information to the terminal 10 to allow the terminal 10 to access the network. If the triplet information of the current terminal 10 received does not belong to the triplet information in the pre-burning, the terminal 10 is considered to be illegal, and the subsequent data information of the terminal 10 will not be connected to the network and demodulated.

[0137] In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to keep the terminal 10 alive, so that the terminal 10 can report data without the base station 20 performing ACK confirmation (ACK is a confirmation character, the full name of which is ACKnowledge Character in English), the step of the terminal 10 reporting the network access request information to the base station 20 in step S111 includes:

[0138] Based on the preset broadcast time interval, the network access request information is broadcast to the base station 20 regularly, so that after the broadcast is completed, the monitoring time window is opened to monitor whether the base station 20 has sent the first preamble code. The preset broadcast time interval is set to 1 hour, 2 hours, etc., so that the terminal 10 can broadcast relevant data information to the base station 20 after a broadcast time interval.

[0139] In an embodiment of the present invention, the data receiving window includes a first data receiving window (RX1) and a second data receiving window (RX2), and the duration of the listening time window is shorter than the duration of the first data receiving window (RX1) and the second data receiving window (RX2). For example, if the duration of the listening time window is set to 2ms, the duration of the first data receiving window (RX1) and the second data receiving window (RX2) are both set to 1s to meet the data receiving requirements. When the terminal 10 opens the data receiving window to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station 20, the network access method provided by the embodiment of the present invention also includes: if the network access response information is received in the first data receiving window (RX1), the first positive feedback information of the received network access response information is reported to the base station 20, and the second data receiving window (RX2) is closed. Thus, it is not only ensured that the terminal 10 can receive data in real time, but also that the redundant data receiving windows can be closed in time after receiving the data, so that the terminal 10 can achieve lower power consumption when completing the same task instruction.

[0140] Secondly, when the terminal 10 opens the data receiving window to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station 20, if the network access response information is not received in the first data receiving window (RX1), the second data receiving window (RX2) is opened. If the network access response information is received in the second data receiving window (RX2), the second positive feedback information of the received network access response information is reported to the base station 20. Thus, the second data receiving window (RX2) is opened to receive the downlink data of the base station 20 only when no information is received in the first data receiving window (RX1). If the network access response information is not received in the second data receiving window (RX2), the listening time window is opened regularly based on the preset listening time interval to listen to whether the base station 20 has sent the first preamble code. Until the terminal 10 listens to the preamble code of the base station 20 and then promptly receives the data packet sent by the base station 20.

[0141] In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to ensure that the base station 20 as the awakening party can normally awaken the awakened party terminal 10 every time, the duration of the base station 20 transmitting the preamble code should be greater than or slightly greater than the time interval for the awakened party to wake up. For example, the transmission duration of the first preamble code transmitted by the base station 20 is set to the first transmission duration, the transmission duration of the second preamble code transmitted by the base station 20 is set to the second transmission duration, and the duration of the third preamble code transmitted by the relay gateway 30 is set to the third transmission duration, and the first transmission duration, the second transmission duration and the third transmission duration are all longer than the duration of the monitoring time interval. In this way, it can be ensured that the terminal 10 can be awakened normally every time.

[0142] The above describes how the terminal 10 can achieve network access while taking into account low power consumption and real-time performance. In order to ensure that the terminal 10 can also take into account the use requirements of low power consumption and real-time performance during normal communication with the base station 20, the second embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication method between the terminal 10 and the base station 20. The communication method is implemented after the terminal 10 completes the network access based on the network access method for the terminal 10 provided by the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the communication method includes the following steps:

[0143] Step S211: After reporting the uplink data information to the base station 20, open a preset monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station 20 has sent down a fourth preamble, wherein the fourth preamble is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station 20 before transmitting downlink data information in response to the uplink data information. In order to ensure that the uplink data information received by the base station 20 is legal, the terminal 10 also needs to transmit a preamble before sending the uplink data information. The base station 20 first parses the preamble reported by the terminal 10. If the preamble is correct, the uplink data information of the terminal 10 is considered to be legal. The preamble of the terminal 10 and the fourth preamble sent by the base station 20 can be constrained in the corresponding communication protocol file in advance. The fourth preamble here is the same as the first preamble, the second preamble, etc. in the first embodiment of the present invention. Secondly, the preamble code reported by the terminal 10 may be the same as the preamble code sent by the base station 20, or may be different. When actually designing the preamble code, it is only necessary to ensure that the base station 20 can identify that the uplink data information received this time is legal based on the preamble code reported by the terminal 10, and the preamble code sent by the base station 20 can ensure that the terminal 10 can be awakened and will not be awakened by mistake.

[0144] Step S212: If the fourth preamble is monitored, the data receiving window is opened to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station 20, wherein the duration of the monitoring time window is less than the duration of the data receiving window. Therefore, the terminal 10 of the embodiment of the present invention does not need to continuously open the data receiving window, but only needs to first use the monitoring time window with a duration less than the data receiving window to first monitor the wireless signal (the fourth preamble) transmitted by the base station 20, and only opens the data receiving window to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station 20 when the wireless signal is monitored, and the downlink control is highly real-time. If no wireless signal is received, there is no need to open the data receiving window. In order to obtain lower power consumption, the embodiment of the present invention sets the window opening duration of the monitoring time window of the terminal 10 to be less than the duration of the data receiving window, so as to avoid the additional power consumption caused by continuous window opening. In an embodiment of the present invention, since the maximum data packet window of the spreading factor SF12 in the LoRa network is about 500ms, plus error redundancy, the embodiment of the present invention can set the duration of the data receiving window to 1S, and the duration of the listening time window to 2ms. Therefore, when there is no need to receive data, only the power consumption of opening the 2ms listening time window is consumed, thereby avoiding continuous window opening to consume more power consumption.

[0145] Therefore, after reporting the relevant information to the base station 20, the terminal 10 in the embodiment of the present invention immediately opens the monitoring time window to monitor the preamble code transmitted by the base station 20 before sending valid data such as the network access response information. If the preamble code is monitored, the data receiving window is opened to receive valid data, so that the downlink data information transmitted by the base station 20 can be received in real time, and the real-time performance is high. If not, there is no need to open the data receiving window to receive data, and more power consumption will not be consumed due to continuous window opening. The communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is relative to the existing communication method. The embodiment of the present invention can take into account the low power consumption and real-time communication requirements of the terminal 10 at the same time, and is particularly suitable for the terminal 10 device located in the mountainous area where the environment is remote or power supply is inconvenient in the agricultural field. Compared with the ClassA mode in the existing LoRaWAN network communication, the real-time performance is higher. The terminal 10 in the ClassA mode only opens two short downlink receiving windows after sending the uplink data packet, and the delay is large, and the network server cannot wake up the terminal 10 in real time. However, the embodiment of the present invention can first receive the wireless signal of the base station 20 through the set monitoring time window, and the terminal 10 is awakened to receive data after receiving the wireless signal, thereby ensuring the real-time performance of the downlink control. Compared with the ClassB mode, the terminal 10 working in the ClassB mode uses a regularly opened receiving window to receive the downlink data sent by the base station 20, but the data receiving window of the ClassB mode will be opened regardless of whether data is received or not, but the terminal 10 in the embodiment of the present invention only opens the data receiving window after receiving the wireless signal, which not only ensures the real-time performance but also reduces the power consumption compared with the ClassB mode. Therefore, the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present invention can enable the base station 20 to meet the design goals of low latency requirements for data collection and control and the terminal 10 to meet the design goals of low latency control and low power consumption requirements.

[0146] In step S212, when the data receiving window is opened to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station 20, the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention also includes: if the fourth preamble code is not monitored within the monitoring time window, or the downlink data information is not received within the data receiving window, then based on the preset monitoring time interval, the monitoring time window is regularly opened to monitor whether the base station 20 has sent the fourth preamble code. That is, when the terminal 10 in the embodiment of the present invention does not monitor the wireless signal for the first time, it opens the monitoring time window again after the preset monitoring time interval to monitor until the terminal 10 is awakened and automatically executes the pre-set broadcast or transparent transmission task. Therefore, the data receiving window will not be opened before the terminal 10 is awakened, achieving the use requirements of low power consumption and real-time performance. The preset listening time interval can be set to one second, so that the terminal 10 can listen to the preamble code once per second, and the listening time duration each time can be set to 2ms (that is, the listening time window is 2ms), until the terminal 10 itself is awakened and the terminal side autonomously transmits the execution task instruction, and immediately replies with confirmation ACK after the instruction is sent, and again based on the preset listening time interval, regularly opens the listening time window to listen to whether the base station 20 has sent the preamble code.

[0147] In the field of smart agriculture, since the terminals 10 are mostly located in mountainous areas with remote environments or inconvenient power supply, they are usually far away from the base station 20. In order to make the communication between the terminal 10 and the base station 20 in the field scene, such as the plain scene, break through the LoRa network coverage distance, and reach the low-lying areas in the mountain scene, the communication method in the embodiment of the present invention also includes: the terminal 10 reports the uplink data information to the relay gateway 30, and the relay gateway 30 forwards the uplink data information to the base station 20, and opens a monitoring time window to monitor whether the relay gateway 30 has sent the fifth preamble, wherein the relay gateway 30 is also used to receive the downlink data information sent by the base station 20 in response to the uplink data information, and the fifth preamble is the wireless signal transmitted by the relay gateway 30 before forwarding the downlink data information to the terminal 10. If the terminal 10 monitors the fifth preamble, the data receiving window is opened to receive the downlink data information forwarded by the relay gateway 30.

[0148] Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention forwards the uplink and downlink communication information between the terminal 10 and the base station 20 through the relay gateway 30, thereby ensuring that the base station 20 can receive the uplink data information of the terminal 10 that is normally difficult to receive, so that the communication distance between the terminal 10 and the base station 20 in field scenarios such as plain scenarios can exceed the coverage distance of the LoRa network, and the mountainous scenario can reach the terminal 10 in low-lying areas, while taking into account the low power consumption and real-time performance of the terminal 10, and the communication coverage is wider.

[0149] In the embodiment of the present invention, a routing table is provided in the relay gateway 30, and the routing table is generated according to the triplet information of different terminals 10, wherein the triplet information includes information such as productKey, deviceName and deviceSecret of the terminal 10. When the terminal 10 reports the uplink data information to the relay gateway 30, the communication method in the embodiment of the present invention further includes: the terminal 10 reports the triplet information belonging to itself to the relay gateway 30, so that the relay gateway 30 forwards the uplink data information of the terminal 10 to the base station 20 based on the triplet information and the routing table. Normal communication between the terminal 10 and the base station 20 is realized in field scenes such as plain scenes and low-lying areas in mountainous areas.

[0150] In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to keep the terminal 10 alive, the terminal 10 can report data without the base station 20 performing ACK confirmation (ACK is the confirmation character, the full name of which is ACKnowledge Character in English), in step S211, the step of the terminal 10 reporting the uplink data information to the base station 20 includes: the terminal 10 regularly broadcasts the uplink data information to the base station 20 based on the preset broadcast time interval, so as to open the monitoring time window after the broadcast ends, and monitor whether the base station 20 has sent the fourth preamble code. The preset broadcast time interval is set to 1 hour, 2 hours, etc., so that the terminal 10 can broadcast the relevant data information to the base station 20 after a broadcast time interval, thereby achieving the design goal of keeping the terminal 10 alive.

[0151] In an embodiment of the present invention, the data receiving window includes a first data receiving window (RX1) and a second data receiving window (RX2), and the duration of the listening time window is less than the duration of the first data receiving window (RX1) and the second data receiving window (RX2). For example, if the duration of the listening time window is set to 2ms, the duration of the first data receiving window (RX1) and the second data receiving window (RX2) are both set to 1s to meet the data receiving requirements. When the terminal 10 opens the data receiving window to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station 20, the communication method also includes: if the downlink data information is received in the first data receiving window (RX1), the third positive feedback information of the received downlink data information is reported to the base station 20, and the second data receiving window (RX2) is closed. Therefore, the communication method provided by the present invention not only ensures that the terminal 10 can receive the downlink data information sent by the base station 20 in real time, but also closes the redundant data receiving window in time after receiving the downlink data information, so that the terminal 10 can realize lower power consumption when completing the same task instruction.

[0152] Secondly, when the terminal 10 opens the data receiving window to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station 20, if the terminal 10 does not receive the downlink data information in the first data receiving window (RX1), the second data receiving window (RX2) is opened, and the downlink data information is received by the second data receiving window (RX2). If the downlink data information is received in the second data receiving window (RX2), the fourth positive feedback information of the received downlink data information is reported to the base station 20. If the downlink data information is not received in the second data receiving window (RX2), based on the preset monitoring time interval, the monitoring time window is regularly opened to monitor whether the base station 20 has sent the fourth preamble code. Until the terminal 10 monitors the preamble code of the base station 20 and then promptly receives the downlink data information sent by the base station 20, the communication between the terminal 10 and the base station 20 is completed.

[0153] The communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention ensures that the base station 20 as the awakening party can normally awaken the awakened party terminal 10 every time. The duration of the preamble code transmitted by the base station 20 should be greater than or slightly greater than the time interval for the awakened party to wake up. For example, when the transmission duration of the fourth preamble code transmitted by the base station 20 is set to the fourth transmission duration, and the duration of the fifth preamble code transmitted by the relay gateway 30 is set to the fifth transmission duration, the fourth transmission duration and the fifth transmission duration are both longer than the duration of the monitoring time interval. If the monitoring time interval is 1s, the fourth transmission duration and the fifth transmission duration can be set to 1.001 seconds, etc., to ensure that the terminal 10 can be normally awakened by the base station 20 to receive the data sent by the base station 20.

[0154] The third embodiment of the present invention further provides a network access method for a terminal 10, which is implemented based on a base station 20. Figure 4 As shown, the network access method includes the following steps:

[0155] Step S311: receiving the network access request information reported by the terminal 10. In order to ensure that the network access request information received by the base station 20 is legal, the terminal 10 also needs to transmit a preamble before sending the network access request information. The base station 20 first parses the preamble reported by the terminal 10. If the preamble is correct, the network access request information of the terminal 10 is considered to be legal, and the terminal 10 is allowed to access the network.

[0156] Step S312: a first preamble is transmitted to the terminal 10, the first preamble being a wireless signal transmitted before transmitting the network access response information in response to the network access request information to the terminal 10, so that the terminal 10 opens the data receiving window to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station 20 after listening to the first preamble in the opened listening time window, wherein the duration of the listening time window is less than the duration of the data receiving window. Thus, the terminal 10 in the embodiment of the present invention does not need to continuously open the data receiving window, but only needs to first use the listening time window with a duration less than the data receiving window to first listen to the wireless signal (first preamble) transmitted by the base station 20, and only opens the data receiving window to receive data when the wireless signal is listened, with high real-time performance. If no wireless signal is received, there is no need to open the data receiving window. In order to obtain lower power consumption, the embodiment of the present invention sets the window opening duration of the listening time window of the terminal 10 to be less than the duration of the data receiving window, so as to avoid the additional power consumption caused by continuous window opening. The power consumption of the terminal 10 related to the downlink control of the base station 20 is lower and the real-time performance is better, and the base station 20 controls the delay while satisfying the data collection.

[0157] In the embodiment of the present invention, when the terminal 10 opens the data receiving window to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station 20, the network access method further includes: if the terminal 10 does not monitor the first preamble code within the monitoring time window, or does not receive the network access response information within the data receiving window, then based on the preset monitoring time interval, regularly opening the monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station 20 has sent the first preamble code. In this way, the base station 20 needs to convey the network access response information to the terminal 10 in time when sending the network access response information, so that the control delay of the base station 20 is low.

[0158] Before the base station 20 confirms whether to access the network based on the network access request information uploaded by the terminal 10, it is also necessary to authenticate the reliability of the uplink and downlink channels between the terminal 10. Figure 5 As shown, when the base station 20 executes the network access method, it also executes the following method steps:

[0159] Step S321: a second preamble code is transmitted to the terminal 10. The second preamble code is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station 20 before transmitting the uplink channel test information in response to the network access request information to the terminal 10. The terminal 10 periodically opens a monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station 20 has sent down the second preamble code. If the second preamble code is monitored, the data receiving window is opened to receive the uplink channel test information.

[0160] Step S322: receiving the downlink channel test information reported by the terminal 10 in response to the uplink channel test information, and after receiving the downlink channel test information, transmitting the first preamble code to the terminal 10, and after the terminal 10 receives the first preamble code, transmitting the network access response information to inform the terminal 10 whether it can access the network.

[0161] During the network access process of the terminal 10 in the embodiment of the present invention, after the base station 20 receives the network access request information (Access Confirm) reported by the terminal 10, it sends an uplink channel test information (Up Channel Confirm) to the terminal 10. After monitoring the second preamble, the terminal 10 opens the data receiving window to receive the uplink channel test information sent by the base station 20, and immediately replies with a downlink channel test information (Down Channel Confirm), such as setting the information content of the downlink channel test information to "RSSIup+66666666", where RSSIup is the signal size of the uplink channel test information, and waits for the base station 20 to reply with a confirmation instruction. The base station 20 receives the downlink channel test information reported by the terminal 10, confirms that the uplink and downlink channels are reliable, and then sends the network access response information to the terminal 10 as the network access success confirmation information (Net Access Confirm), such as the information content of the network access success confirmation information can be set to "66666666" (the content can be set arbitrarily, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this). If the base station 20 confirms that the uplink and downlink channels are unreliable, the network access response information sent to the terminal 10 is the network access failure information "77778888". In the embodiment of the present invention, if the signal size of the downlink channel test information is less than the preset signal size when it reaches the base station 20, the base station 20 can consider that the uplink and downlink channels between the terminal 10 and the terminal 10 are unreliable, and the network access response information to be sent to the terminal 10 is the network access failure information, that is, the downlink channel test information received by the base station 20 is a weak signal, such as a signal size RSSI value less than -135dBm (dBm is a milliwatt decibel), which is considered unreliable. In addition, as long as the base station 20 does not receive the downlink channel test information, the terminal 10 is unreliable and is not allowed to access the network.

[0162] When the terminal 10 reports the network access request information to the relay gateway 30, and the relay gateway 30 forwards the network access request information to the base station 20, the base station 20 also includes the following steps when executing the network access method: receiving the network access request information forwarded by the relay gateway 30 from the terminal 10, and sending the network access response information in response to the network access request information to the relay gateway 30, so as to send a third preamble code to the terminal 10 through the relay gateway 30, and the third preamble code is a wireless signal transmitted by the relay gateway 30 before forwarding the network access response information to the terminal 10, so that the terminal 10 opens a data receiving window to receive the network access response information forwarded by the relay gateway 30 after monitoring the third preamble code. The third preamble code here can be sent by the base station 20 to the relay gateway 30 and forwarded to the terminal 10 by the relay gateway 30, or it can be a preamble code that is pre-constrained and directly sent by the relay gateway 30 to the terminal 10. As long as the terminal 10 can be awakened, the direct sender of the third preamble code is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of the present invention forwards the network access communication information between the base station 20 and the terminal 10 through the relay gateway 30, thereby ensuring that the base station 20 can receive the network access request information of the terminal 10 that cannot be received or is difficult to receive normally, thereby enabling large field scenes such as plain scenes to break through the LoRa network coverage distance, and mountain scenes to reach the terminal 10 in low-lying areas, ensuring a wider communication coverage of the base station 20.

[0163] In the embodiment of the present invention, the base station 20 stores a triplet information list, and the triplet information list stores triplet information of different terminals 10. Before the base station 20 transmits the second preamble code to the terminal 10, the network access method also includes: the base station 20 receives the triplet information belonging to the terminal 10 reported by the terminal 10, and then determines whether the triplet information belongs to the triplet information list, and if so, sends the first preamble code to the terminal 10 to realize the local network access of the terminal 10. If not, send the second preamble code to the terminal 10. That is, the base station 20 in the embodiment of the present invention can ensure that the terminal 10 accesses the network based on ABP, and the full name of ABP in English is Activation by Personalization (that is, ABP access is a personalized activation access method). ABP network access means pre-burning the triplet information of the terminal 10 in the server of the base station 20 in advance. When the base station 20 receives the network access request information of the terminal 10 and demodulates the triplet information, it will compare the triplet information with the triplet information stored locally. If it belongs to the triplet information in the pre-burning, the base station 20 will consider that the terminal 10 is legal and can immediately reply the network access confirmation information to the terminal 10 to allow the terminal 10 to access the network. If the triplet information of the current terminal 10 received does not belong to the triplet information in the pre-burning, the terminal 10 is considered to be illegal, and the subsequent data information of the terminal 10 will not be connected to the network and demodulated.

[0164] In an embodiment of the present invention, the data receiving window includes a first data receiving window (RX1) and a second data receiving window (RX2), and the duration of the listening time window is shorter than the duration of the first data receiving window (RX1) and the second data receiving window (RX2). The network access method in the embodiment of the present invention also includes: the base station 20 receives the first positive feedback information reported by the terminal 10, and the first positive feedback information is feedback information that the terminal 10 receives the network access response information in the first data receiving window (RX1). Secondly, the base station 20 will also receive the second positive feedback information reported by the terminal 10, and the second positive feedback information is feedback information that the terminal 10 did not receive the network access response information in the first data receiving window (RX1), and received the network access response information in the opened second data receiving window (RX2).

[0165] In order to ensure that the base station 20 as the awakening party can normally wake up the awakened party terminal 10 every time, the time for the base station 20 to transmit the preamble code should be greater than or slightly greater than the time interval for the awakened party to wake up. Specifically, the transmission duration of the first preamble code transmitted by the base station 20 to the terminal 10 is set to the first transmission duration, the transmission duration of the second preamble code transmitted by the base station 20 to the terminal 10 is set to the second transmission duration, and the duration of the third preamble code transmitted by the relay gateway 30 is set to the third transmission duration, wherein the first transmission duration, the second transmission duration and the third transmission duration are all longer than the duration of the monitoring time interval. This ensures that the base station 20 or the relay gateway 30 can normally wake up the terminal 10 every time, and ensures the timeliness of the downlink control of the base station 20.

[0166] The fourth embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication method between a terminal 10 and a base station 20, which is implemented by the base station 20 after the terminal 10 completes network access based on the network access method of the terminal 10 provided in the first embodiment of the present invention. For details of the network access method of the terminal 10, please refer to the content provided in the first embodiment of the present invention, and the present embodiment will not be repeated here. Figure 6 As shown, the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0167] Step S411: Receive uplink data information reported by the terminal 10. In order to ensure that the uplink data information received by the base station 20 is legal, the terminal 10 also needs to transmit a preamble before sending the uplink data information. The base station 20 first parses the preamble reported by the terminal 10. If the preamble is correct, the uplink data information of the terminal 10 is considered to be legal.

[0168] Step S412: transmitting a fourth preamble to the terminal 10, wherein the fourth preamble is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station 20 before transmitting downlink data information in response to the uplink data information, so that the terminal 10 opens a data receiving window to receive downlink data information after listening to the fourth preamble in the opened listening time window. The duration of the listening time window is less than the duration of the data receiving window.

[0169] Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the terminal 10 controlled by the base station 20 does not need to continuously open the data receiving window, but only needs to first use the listening time window with a duration less than the data receiving window to first listen to the wireless signal (the fourth preamble code) transmitted by the base station 20, and only opens the data receiving window to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station 20 when the wireless signal is listened to, and the downlink control is highly real-time. If no wireless signal is received, there is no need to open the data receiving window. In order to obtain lower power consumption, the embodiment of the present invention sets the window opening duration of the listening time window of the terminal 10 to be less than the duration of the data receiving window, so as to avoid the additional power consumption caused by continuous window opening.

[0170] Among them, when the terminal 10 opens the data receiving window to receive downlink data information, if the terminal 10 does not monitor the fourth preamble code within the monitoring time window, or does not receive the downlink data information within the data receiving window, then based on the preset monitoring time interval, the monitoring time window is regularly opened to monitor the fourth preamble code. That is, when the terminal 10 under the control of the base station 20 in the embodiment of the present invention does not monitor the wireless signal for the first time, it opens the monitoring time window again after a preset monitoring time interval to monitor until the base station 20 wakes up the terminal 10 so that the terminal 10 automatically performs the pre-set broadcast or transparent transmission task. Therefore, the data receiving window of the terminal 10 will not be opened before the base station 20 wakes up the terminal 10, so that the terminal 10 related to the downlink control of the base station 20 has low power consumption and real-time use requirements. Among them, the preset listening time interval can be set to one second, so that the terminal 10 can listen to the preamble code once per second, and the listening time duration each time can be set to 2ms (that is, the listening time window is 2ms), until the base station 20 wakes up the terminal 10 so that the terminal 10 side can autonomously transparently transmit and execute the task instructions. After the base station 20 sends the instructions, the terminal 10 immediately replies with an ACK and again based on the preset listening time interval, regularly opens the listening time window to listen to whether the base station 20 has sent the preamble code.

[0171] In order to make the communication distance between the base station 20 and the terminal 10 in the field scene, such as the plain scene, exceed the coverage distance of the LoRa network, and the base station 20 can reach the terminal 10 in the low-lying mountainous scene, the communication method in the embodiment of the present invention also includes: the base station 20 receives the uplink data information from the terminal 10 forwarded by the relay gateway 30, and sends the downlink data information in response to the uplink data information to the relay gateway 30, so as to send the fifth preamble to the terminal 10 through the relay gateway 30, and the fifth preamble is the wireless signal emitted by the relay gateway 30 before forwarding the downlink data information to the terminal 10. Then, after the terminal 10 listens to the fifth preamble in the opened listening time window, it opens the data receiving window to receive the downlink data information forwarded by the relay gateway 30. As a result, the base station 20 can cover the terminal 10 devices in farther and more remote places, and meet the needs of data collection and downlink control in different regional environments.

[0172] Among them, the data receiving window of the terminal 10 includes a first data receiving window (RX1) and a second data receiving window (RX2), and the duration of the listening time window is less than the duration of the first data receiving window (RX1) and the second data receiving window (RX2). The communication method in the embodiment of the present invention also includes: the base station 20 receives the third positive feedback information reported by the terminal 10, and the third positive feedback information is the information fed back by the terminal 10 after receiving the downlink data information in the first data receiving window (RX1). Secondly, the base station 20 also receives the fourth positive feedback information reported by the terminal 10, and the fourth positive feedback information is the information fed back after the terminal 10 does not receive the downlink data information in the first data receiving window (RX1) and receives the downlink data information in the opened second data receiving window (RX2).

[0173] The fifth embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal 10, which uses the network access method of the terminal 10 provided in the first embodiment of the present invention to complete network access. The network access method of the terminal 10 is specifically provided in the first embodiment of the present invention, and the present embodiment will not be repeated here.

[0174] The sixth embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication device between a terminal 10 and a base station 20, such as Figure 7As shown, the communication device is arranged at the terminal 10, and the communication device is used to implement the communication method between the terminal 10 and the base station 20 provided in the second embodiment of the present invention, and the communication device includes a monitoring module 11 and a window opening module 12. The monitoring module 11 is used to open a preset monitoring time window after reporting the uplink data information to the base station 20, and monitor whether the base station 20 has sent down a fourth preamble code, wherein the fourth preamble code is a wireless signal transmitted before the base station 20 transmits the downlink data information in response to the uplink data information. If the monitoring module 11 monitors the fourth preamble code, the window opening module 12 is used to open a data receiving window to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station 20, wherein the duration of the monitoring time window is less than the duration of the data receiving window.

[0175] When the window opening module 12 opens the data receiving window to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station 20, if the monitoring module 11 does not monitor the fourth preamble code within the monitoring time window, or the window opening module 12 does not receive the downlink data information within the data receiving window, then the monitoring module 11 regularly opens the monitoring time window based on the preset monitoring time interval to monitor whether the base station 20 has sent the fourth preamble code. That is, when the terminal 10 in the embodiment of the present invention does not monitor the wireless signal for the first time through the monitoring module 11, it opens the monitoring time window again after the preset monitoring time interval to monitor until the terminal 10 is awakened and automatically executes the pre-set broadcast or transparent transmission task. Therefore, the window opening module 12 will not open the data receiving window before the terminal 10 is awakened, thereby achieving the use requirements of low power consumption and real-time performance. The preset listening time interval in the listening module 11 can be set to one second. Thus, the listening module 11 of the terminal 10 can listen to the preamble code once per second, and the listening time length each time can be set to 2ms (that is, the listening time window is 2ms), until the terminal 10 itself is awakened and the terminal side autonomously transmits the execution task instruction, and immediately replies with an ACK confirmation after the instruction is sent, and again based on the preset listening time interval, the listening module 11 regularly opens the listening time window to listen to whether the base station 20 has sent the preamble code.

[0176] In the field of smart agriculture, since the terminals 10 are mostly located in mountainous areas with remote environments or inconvenient power supply, they are usually far away from the base station 20. In order to make the communication distance between the terminal 10 and the base station 20 in the field scene, such as the plain scene, exceed the LoRa network coverage distance, and the mountain scene can reach the low-lying areas, the communication device in the embodiment of the present invention also communicates with the relay gateway 30, and the terminal 10 reports the uplink data information to the relay gateway 30, and the relay gateway 30 forwards the uplink data information to the base station 20. The terminal 10 opens the monitoring time window through the monitoring module 11 to monitor whether the relay gateway 30 has sent the fifth preamble, wherein the relay gateway 30 is also used to receive the downlink data information sent by the base station 20 in response to the uplink data information, and the fifth preamble is the wireless signal transmitted by the relay gateway 30 before forwarding the downlink data information to the terminal 10. If the monitoring module 11 monitors the fifth preamble, the terminal 10 opens the data receiving window through the window opening module 12 to receive the downlink data information forwarded by the relay gateway 30.

[0177] Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention forwards the uplink and downlink communication information between the communication device set in the terminal 10 and the base station 20 through the relay gateway 30, thereby ensuring that the base station 20 can receive the uplink data information of the terminal 10 that is normally difficult to receive, so that the communication distance between the terminal 10 and the base station 20 in field scenarios such as plain scenarios can exceed the coverage distance of the LoRa network, and the mountainous scenario can reach the terminal 10 in low-lying areas, while taking into account the low power consumption and real-time performance of the terminal 10, and the communication coverage is wider.

[0178] In the embodiment of the present invention, a routing table is set in the relay gateway 30, and the routing table is generated according to the triplet information of different terminals 10, wherein the triplet information includes information such as productKey, deviceName and deviceSecret of the terminal 10. When the terminal 10 reports the uplink data information to the relay gateway 30, the terminal 10 reports its own triplet information to the relay gateway 30, so that the relay gateway 30 forwards the uplink data information of the terminal 10 to the base station 20 based on the triplet information and the routing table. Normal communication between the terminal 10 and the base station 20 is realized in field scenes such as plain scenes and low-lying places in mountainous areas.

[0179] In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to keep the terminal 10 alive, so that the terminal 10 can report data without the base station 20 performing ACK confirmation (ACK is the confirmation character, the full name of which is ACKnowledge Character in English), the step of the terminal 10 reporting uplink data information to the base station 20 includes: the terminal 10 regularly broadcasts uplink data information to the base station 20 based on a preset broadcast time interval, so that after the broadcast ends, the terminal 10 opens a monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station 20 has sent down the fourth preamble. The preset broadcast time interval is set to 1 hour, 2 hours, etc., so that the terminal 10 can broadcast relevant data information to the base station 20 after a broadcast time interval, thereby achieving the design goal of keeping the terminal 10 alive.

[0180] In an embodiment of the present invention, the data receiving window in the window opening module 12 includes a first data receiving window (RX1) and a second data receiving window (RX2), and the duration of the listening time window is less than the duration of the first data receiving window (RX1) and the second data receiving window (RX2). For example, the duration of the listening time window is set to 2ms, and the duration of the first data receiving window (RX1) and the second data receiving window (RX2) are both set to 1s to meet the data receiving requirements. When the terminal 10 opens the data receiving window through the window opening module 12 to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station 20, if the window opening module 12 receives the downlink data information in the first data receiving window (RX1), the third positive feedback information of the received downlink data information is reported to the base station 20, and the second data receiving window (RX2) is closed. Therefore, the communication method provided by the present invention not only ensures that the terminal 10 can receive the downlink data information sent by the base station 20 in real time, but also closes the redundant data receiving window in time after receiving the downlink data information, so that the terminal 10 can realize lower power consumption when completing the same task instruction.

[0181] Secondly, when the terminal 10 opens the data receiving window through the window opening module 12 to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station 20, if the window opening module 12 does not receive the downlink data information in the first data receiving window (RX1), the second data receiving window (RX2) is opened, and the downlink data information is received by the second data receiving window (RX2). If the downlink data information is received in the second data receiving window (RX2), the fourth positive feedback information of the received downlink data information is reported to the base station 20. If the downlink data information is not received in the second data receiving window (RX2), the monitoring module 11 regularly opens the monitoring time window based on the preset monitoring time interval to monitor whether the base station 20 has sent the fourth preamble code. Until the terminal 10 monitors the preamble code of the base station 20 and then promptly receives the downlink data information sent by the base station 20, the communication between the terminal 10 and the base station 20 is completed.

[0182] The communication method provided by the embodiment of the present invention ensures that the base station 20 as the awakening party can normally awaken the awakened party terminal 10 every time. The duration of the preamble code transmitted by the base station 20 should be greater than or slightly greater than the time interval for the awakened party to wake up. For example, when the transmission duration of the fourth preamble code transmitted by the base station 20 is set to the fourth transmission duration, and the duration of the fifth preamble code transmitted by the relay gateway 30 is set to the fifth transmission duration, the fourth transmission duration and the fifth transmission duration are both longer than the duration of the monitoring time interval. If the monitoring time interval is 1s, the fourth transmission duration and the fifth transmission duration can be set to 1.001 seconds, etc., to ensure that the terminal 10 can be normally awakened by the base station 20 to receive the data sent by the base station 20.

[0183] The seventh embodiment of the present invention further provides a base station 20, which uses the network access method of the terminal 10 provided in the third embodiment of the present invention to confirm the network access of the terminal 10. For details of the network access method of the terminal 10, please refer to the content provided in the third embodiment of the present invention, and the embodiment of the present invention will not be repeated here.

[0184] like Figure 8 As shown, the eighth embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication device between a terminal 10 and a base station 20, the communication device is arranged in the base station 20, and the communication device is used to implement the communication method between the terminal 10 and the base station 20 provided in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and the communication device includes a receiving module 21 and a transmitting module 22. The receiving module 21 is used to receive the uplink data information reported by the terminal 10. The transmitting module 22 is used to transmit a fourth preamble code to the terminal 10, wherein the fourth preamble code is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station 20 before transmitting the downlink data information in response to the uplink data information, so that the terminal 10 opens a data receiving window to receive the downlink data information after listening to the fourth preamble code in the opened listening time window; wherein the duration of the listening time window is less than the duration of the data receiving window.

[0185] Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the terminal 10 controlled by the base station 20 does not need to continuously open the data receiving window, but only needs to first use the listening time window with a duration less than the data receiving window to first listen to the wireless signal (the fourth preamble code) transmitted by the base station 20, and only opens the data receiving window to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station 20 when the wireless signal is listened to, and the downlink control is highly real-time. If no wireless signal is received, there is no need to open the data receiving window. In order to obtain lower power consumption, the embodiment of the present invention sets the window opening duration of the listening time window of the terminal 10 to be less than the duration of the data receiving window, so as to avoid the additional power consumption caused by continuous window opening.

[0186] Among them, when the terminal 10 opens the data receiving window to receive downlink data information, if the terminal 10 does not monitor the fourth preamble code within the monitoring time window, or does not receive the downlink data information within the data receiving window, then based on the preset monitoring time interval, the monitoring time window is regularly opened to monitor the fourth preamble code. That is, when the terminal 10 under the control of the base station 20 in the embodiment of the present invention does not monitor the wireless signal for the first time, it opens the monitoring time window again after a preset monitoring time interval to monitor until the base station 20 wakes up the terminal 10 so that the terminal 10 automatically performs the pre-set broadcast or transparent transmission task. Therefore, the data receiving window of the terminal 10 will not be opened before the base station 20 wakes up the terminal 10, so that the terminal 10 related to the downlink control of the base station 20 has low power consumption and real-time use requirements. Among them, the preset listening time interval can be set to one second, so that the terminal 10 can listen to the preamble code once per second, and the listening time duration each time can be set to 2ms (that is, the listening time window is 2ms), until the base station 20 wakes up the terminal 10 so that the terminal 10 side can autonomously transparently transmit and execute the task instructions. After the base station 20 sends the instructions, the terminal 10 immediately replies with an ACK and again based on the preset listening time interval, regularly opens the listening time window to listen to whether the base station 20 has sent the preamble code.

[0187] In order to make the communication distance between the base station 20 and the terminal 10 in the field scene, such as the plain scene, exceed the coverage distance of the LoRa network, and the base station 20 can reach the terminal 10 in the low-lying mountainous scene, the base station 20 also receives the uplink data information from the terminal 10 forwarded by the relay gateway 30 through the receiving module 21, and sends the downlink data information in response to the uplink data information to the relay gateway 30 through the transmitting module 22, so as to send the fifth preamble to the terminal 10 through the relay gateway 30. The fifth preamble is a wireless signal transmitted by the relay gateway 30 before forwarding the downlink data information to the terminal 10. Then, after the terminal 10 listens to the fifth preamble in the opened listening time window, it opens the data receiving window to receive the downlink data information forwarded by the relay gateway 30. As a result, the base station 20 can cover the terminal 10 devices in farther and more remote places, meeting the needs of data collection and downlink control in different regional environments.

[0188] Among them, the data receiving window of the terminal 10 includes a first data receiving window (RX1) and a second data receiving window (RX2), and the duration of the listening time window is less than the duration of the first data receiving window (RX1) and the second data receiving window (RX2). The base station 20 in the embodiment of the present invention also receives the third positive feedback information reported by the terminal 10 through the receiving module 21. The third positive feedback information is the information fed back by the terminal 10 after receiving the downlink data information in the first data receiving window (RX1). Secondly, the base station 20 also receives the fourth positive feedback information reported by the terminal 10 through the receiving module 21. The fourth positive feedback information is the information fed back after the terminal 10 does not receive the downlink data information in the first data receiving window (RX1) and receives the downlink data information in the opened second data receiving window (RX2).

[0189] The ninth embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication system, which includes a terminal 10 and a base station 20, wherein the terminal 10 is provided with the communication device between the terminal 10 and the base station 20 provided in the sixth embodiment of the present invention. The base station 20 is provided with the communication device between the terminal 10 and the base station 20 in the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

[0190] Among them, after the terminal 10 is connected to the network based on the network access method provided by the first embodiment of the present invention, the terminal 10 communicates with the base station 20 based on the communication method between the terminal 10 and the base station 20 provided by the second embodiment of the present invention. During the communication process, after the terminal 10 reports the uplink data information to the base station 20, the terminal 10 immediately opens a preset listening time window through the monitoring module 11 to monitor whether the base station 20 has sent the fourth preamble. Among them, the fourth preamble is a wireless signal transmitted by the transmitting module 22 of the base station 20 before transmitting the downlink data information in response to the uplink data information. In order for the base station 20 to confirm that the uplink data information of the terminal 10 received by the receiving module 21 is legal, the terminal 10 also needs to transmit a preamble before sending the uplink data information. After the receiving module 21 of the base station 20 receives the preamble reported by the terminal 10, it first parses the preamble. If the preamble is correct, it is considered that the uplink data information subsequently reported by the terminal 10 is legal, and the uplink data information is received through the receiving module 21. If the monitoring module 11 of the terminal 10 monitors the fourth preamble, the data receiving window is opened through the window opening module 12 to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station 20, wherein the duration of the monitoring time window is less than the duration of the data receiving window. Thus, the terminal 10 of the embodiment of the present invention does not need to continuously open the data receiving window, but only needs to first use the monitoring time window with a duration less than the data receiving window to first monitor the wireless signal (the fourth preamble) transmitted by the base station 20, and only opens the data receiving window to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station 20 when the wireless signal is monitored, and the downlink control is highly real-time. If no wireless signal is received, there is no need to open the data receiving window, so as to avoid the additional power consumption caused by the continuous window opening. For other steps of the terminal 10 and the base station 20 communicating with each other using the communication devices respectively set, please refer to the contents of the sixth and eighth embodiments of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention will not be repeated here.

[0191] Specifically, when the terminal 10 communicates with the base station 20 based on the communication method between the terminal 10 and the base station 20 provided in the second embodiment of the present invention, for the convenience of description, the embodiment of the present invention defines the communication method between the terminal 10 and the base station 20 as a LoRaLAM mode different from the three modes of Class A, Class B and Class C in the current LoRaWAN. The LoRaLAM mode includes a periodic broadcast sub-mode and an air wake-up sub-mode for broadcasting the status information of the terminal 10 by default. The terminal 10 in the periodic broadcast sub-mode does not require an ACK confirmation from the gateway in order to keep the terminal 10 alive. In the periodic broadcast sub-mode, the interval of the terminal 10 wake-up cycle can be set to 1 hour, 2 hours, etc., or to ten minutes, twenty minutes, etc., depending on the actual low power consumption requirements. In the air wake-up sub-mode of the LoRaLAM mode, the terminal 10 can be set to listen to the preamble code from the base station 20 once a second, and the listening time can be set to 2ms (i.e., the length of the listening time window) until it is awakened and the terminal side autonomously transmits the execution task instruction. After the instruction is sent, it immediately replies with an ACK to the base station 20 and enters the LoRaLAM mode again. That is, the terminal 10 can be periodically awakened by the base station 20 in the LoRaLAM mode.

[0192] In specific implementation, all terminals 10 can be started as terminals 10 using Class A mode and join the LoRa network. Then, the application of the terminal 10 can decide to switch the terminal 10 to LoRaLAM mode. Since the terminal 10 has no specific message to tell the server of the base station 20 that it is a terminal 10 configured in LoRaLAM mode, the application on the server side needs to configure the corresponding mechanism to learn the corresponding classification of the terminal 10. Specifically, the support of LoRaLAM mode can be added to the LoRa network protocol of the network management platform, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the classification of LoRaLAM mode is configured at the physical layer of the LoRa network protocol.

[0193] like Fig.10As shown, in the process of network access, the terminal 10 in the embodiment of the present invention reports the network access request information (Access Confirm), and after receiving the network access request information, the base station 20 (i.e., the gateway GateWay) sends the uplink channel test information (Up Channel Confirm) to the terminal 10. After monitoring the second preamble code as the wake-up word, the terminal 10 opens the data receiving window to receive the uplink channel test information sent by the base station 20, and immediately replies with the downlink channel test information (DownChannel Confirm), such as setting the information content of the downlink channel test information to "RSSIup+66666666", where RSSIup is the signal size of the uplink channel test information, and waits for the base station 20 to reply with a confirmation instruction. The base station 20 receives the downlink channel test information reported by the terminal 10, confirms that the uplink and downlink channels are reliable, and then sends the network access response information to the terminal 10 as the network access success confirmation information (Net Access Confirm), such as the information content of the network access success confirmation information can be set to "66666666" (the content can be set arbitrarily, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this). If it is confirmed that the uplink and downlink channels are unreliable, the network access response information sent to the terminal 10 is the network access failure information "77778888". In the embodiment of the present invention, if the signal size of the downlink channel test information is less than the preset signal size when it reaches the base station 20, the base station 20 also considers that the uplink and downlink channels between the terminal 10 and the terminal 10 are unreliable, and the network access response information to be sent to the terminal 10 is the network access failure information, that is, the downlink channel test information received by the base station 20 is a weak signal, such as a signal size RSSI value less than -135dBm (dBm is a milliwatt decibel), which is considered to be unreliable. In addition, as long as the base station 20 does not receive the downlink channel test information, the terminal 10 is unreliable and is not allowed to access the network.

[0194] Secondly, the terminal 10 in the embodiment of the present invention can access the network based on ABP, and the full name of ABP in English is Activation by Personalization (i.e., ABP access is a personalized activation access method). ABP access means pre-burning the triplet information of the terminal 10 in the server of the base station 20 in advance. When the base station 20 receives the access request information of the terminal 10 and demodulates the triplet information, it will compare the triplet information with the triplet information stored locally. If it belongs to the triplet information in the pre-burning, the base station 20 will consider that the terminal 10 is legal, and can immediately reply the access confirmation information to the terminal 10, allowing the terminal 10 to access the network. If the triplet information of the current terminal 10 received does not belong to the triplet information in the pre-burning, it is considered that the terminal 10 is illegal, and the subsequent data information of the terminal 10 will not be accessed and demodulated.

[0195] Terminals 10 in all areas need to first access the network through wireless transceiver request and perform channel test through the uplink and downlink channel test management of the base station 20. After the test passes, the base station 20 sends a confirmation message to the terminal 10. After receiving the confirmation message, the terminal 10 starts regular broadcasting in the regular broadcast sub-mode.

[0196] Fig.10 In the unicast communication, the point-to-point communication between the base station 20 and the terminal 10 in the same network is unicast communication. When the wake-up word is not the wake-up word sent by the base station 20 to the terminal 10, the unicast is irrelevant, and the terminal 10 continues to periodically monitor the wake-up word preamble. When the unicast is relevant (that is, the wake-up word is the wake-up word sent by the base station 20 to the terminal 10), the terminal 10 opens the data receiving window to receive the valid data information sent by the base station 20. Multicast is the communication between the base station 20 and some terminals 10 that care about their data within the reachable range of the same network. When the wake-up word preamble is multicast transmitted by the base station 20, the terminal 10 opens the data receiving window to receive the valid data information sent by the base station 20.

[0197] The communication system also includes a relay gateway 30, which is connected between the terminal 10 and the base station 20 and is used to forward communication information between the terminal 10 and the base station 20. If the base station 20 cannot receive the broadcast of the terminal 10, or there is a problem with any confirmation information reported by the terminal 10 to the base station 20, it is considered that the terminal 10 needs the relay gateway 30 to realize information forwarding.

[0198] The protocol of the LoRaLAM mode as a whole adopts the timed broadcast mechanism of the periodic broadcast sub-mode and the air wireless wake-up mechanism of the air wake-up sub-mode.

[0199] The scheduled broadcast mechanism is a mechanism for keeping the terminal 10 alive. The terminal 10 will regularly broadcast network access request information to the base station 20 based on a preset broadcast time interval, and enter the air wake-up sub-mode after each broadcast, that is, immediately open the preset listening time window to listen to whether the base station 20 sends a preamble code. If the preamble code is not received in the first listening time window, the listening time window will be regularly opened based on the preset listening time interval to listen to whether the base station 20 sends a wake-up word preamble code until the terminal 10 is awakened and receives valid data information from the base station 20.

[0200] The over-the-air wireless wake-up mechanism, which can also be understood as over-the-air wake-up (English name: Wake On Radio), wakes up the dormant terminal 10 by means of transmitting a wireless signal.

[0201] The awakening principle in the air wake-up sub-mode is as follows: the awakening party (the base station 20 in the embodiment of the present invention) adds a longer preamble code before transmitting valid data (such as network access response information). The awakened party (the terminal 10 in the embodiment of the present invention) periodically listens to the preamble code of the wireless signal transmitted into the air by the base station 20 based on a preset listening time interval. Once the terminal 10 captures the correct preamble code, it enters the data receiving state (that is, opens the data receiving window to start receiving data information from the base station 20). If the terminal 10 gets nothing (no wireless signal is monitored), it immediately goes into sleep and waits for the next wake-up monitoring. In order to ensure that the base station 20 can normally wake up the terminal 10 every time, the time for the base station 20 to transmit the preamble code should be slightly longer than the listening time interval for the terminal 10 to wake up. Fig.11 As shown:

[0202] 1. The LoRaLAM mode in the embodiment of the present invention uses a response wireless wake-up mechanism, and the response processing is still completed by replying ACK to the downlink confirmation frame CONFRIMED.

[0203] 2. Since the maximum data packet window of the spreading factor SF12 is about 500ms, plus error redundancy, the embodiment of the present invention sets the duration of the first data receiving window (RX1) and the second data receiving window (RX2) to 1S.

[0204] 3. After the terminal 10 is awakened, it immediately opens the first data receiving window (RX1). If valid data information sent by the base station 20 is received within the duration of the first data receiving window (RX1), it immediately returns ACK to the base station 20 and closes the second data receiving window (RX2) to prevent unnecessary power consumption. If no valid data information sent by the base station 20 is received within the first data receiving window (RX1), the second data receiving window (RX2) is opened. If a message is received within the second data receiving window (RX2), it immediately returns ACK (such as positive feedback information) to the base station 20. If no valid data information sent by the base station 20 is received within the second data receiving window (RX2), it immediately enters the LoRaLAM mode.

[0205] Fig.11 The Gateway column in the figure represents the transmission time of the base station 20. The first section on the left of the Gateway column (the period shown in preamble transmission) is the period when the base station 20 transmits the preamble code, and the middle section (the period shown in packet reception) is the period when the base station 20 transmits the valid data packet. The terminal 10 (i.e., the node in the figure) will periodically listen to the preamble code transmitted by the base station 20. The duration of the first data receiving window (RX1) and the second data receiving window (RX2) of the terminal 10 are both 1 second, the monitoring duration is 2ms, and the monitoring time interval is 1 second. Fig.11It can be seen that the time for the base station 20 to transmit the preamble code is slightly longer than the monitoring time interval for the terminal 10 to wake up.

[0206] 4. Due to the differences of the terminal 10, when designing the protocol of the LoRaLAM mode, the base station 20 can add a time calibration packet to the data packet sent to the terminal 10 after it is awakened. The terminal 10 calibrates the time according to the time calibration packet each time it is awakened to ensure the subsequent awakening time window. The calculation time of the terminal 10 is based on the time of the base station 20. The base station 20 uses the GPS timing time as the reference time. The GPS has a second pulse, which has a pulse signal per second, with a high accuracy of 10ppm. The base station 20 starts timing according to the second pulse signal. For example, when counting to 3600 seconds, the base station 20 sends a valid data message to the terminal 10. After the terminal 10 receives the valid data message sent by the base station 20, it starts timing. The next time it is received is theoretically after 3600 seconds. Assuming that the terminal 10 receives the number at 3700 seconds next time, it means that the terminal 10 counts too fast, and then adjusts the speed to count the seconds slower, reducing 100 / 3700 ​​seconds to keep consistent with the time window of the base station 20. The specific synchronization time is determined by the communication delay between the base station 20 and the terminal 10. Generally, the delay should be controlled within 100us.

[0207] The base station 20 hardware in the embodiment of the present invention is designed as a gateway module with a network server NS, which communicates with the backplane of the terminal 10 through the universal serial bus USB or the asynchronous receiver-transmitter Uart. The gateway module only performs data flow. In this way, the existing hardware equipment can be quickly converted into the required gateway hardware.

[0208] In view of the fact that the cost of the terminal 10 is not too sensitive, a node module is designed for the terminal 10, which has a built-in execution firmware program SDK of the LoRaLAM mode of the embodiment of the present invention. The data is circulated and connected to a third-party device through the Uart interface of the asynchronous transceiver transmitter, such as a water valve or fan controlled by a 485 communication interface. If the customer originally uses the LoRa module, it can be directly replaced.

[0209] Agricultural communication relay gateway 30LoRa Repeater network access design:

[0210] Objectives: 1. The entire multihop network breaks through the 3km coverage limit. 2. The long-distance terminal 10 (SF12) shortens the signal propagation time Time on Air (ToA) of the overall link through the multihop network routing algorithm. 3. Stably complete 3 hops within one second. 4. The protocol of the terminal 10 supports the standard Class A, Class B, Class C and the LoRaLAM mode in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0211] A network topology structure of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Fig.12 As shown, Fig.12 In the figure, LoRaWAN refers to the LoRa network, network server refers to the network server, Gateway refers to the gateway (ie, the base station 20), Router Device refers to the relay gateway 30 representing the routing device, main Gateway refers to the main gateway, and end device refers to the terminal 10.

[0212] 1. Forwarding mechanism of relay gateway 30: a. Simple relay mechanism of LoRa physical layer. b. Routing protocol, forming a more complex mesh network. 2. Selection of network topology and forwarding method: Terminal 10 can communicate directly with directly connected base station 20 or communicate with directly connected base station 20 through multiple hops of relay gateway 30. Since the participation of terminal 10 in relay gateway 30 is not feasible in agriculture, because terminal 10 generally cannot be in receiving state all the time, it is not applicable to agricultural scenarios with downlink control, and terminal 10 equipment needs to be adapted to support routing. In addition, the receiving and transmitting frequency bands of base station 20 and terminal 10 are staggered on CN470 frequency band, which also determines that terminal 10 cannot be used as a repeater. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention chooses to use relay gateway 30 to form a multi-hop network.

[0213] Specifically, Fig.13 As shown, the relay gateway 30 includes a solar power module 31, a processor 32, a plurality of data transceivers 33 and a locator 34. The processor 32 is connected to the solar power module 31, and the data transceiver 33 is respectively connected to the processor 32, and the data transceiver 33 is also connected to the solar power module 31. The solar power module 31 includes a charging unit 311 and a power supply unit 312. The charging unit 311 converts the electricity of the solar cell to the power supply unit 312, and the power supply unit 312 supplies power to the processor 32, the data transceiver 33 (such as LoRa transceiver), the locator 34, etc. The locator 34 in the embodiment of the present invention is a GPS module, and the processor 32 is a micro control unit MCU. The micro control unit MCU is responsible for the task operation of the entire relay device and the configuration of the routing algorithm, as well as for controlling and scheduling the data transceiver 33, and at the same time receives the positioning information of the GPS module, and uploads the positioning information to the LoRa gateway (base station 20) by wireless. The data transceiver 33 is responsible for receiving or transmitting the LoRa information given by the micro control unit MCU. The GPS module is responsible for receiving positioning information.

[0214] The following example illustrates the routing algorithm configured on the microcontroller unit MCU of the relay gateway 30 in the embodiment of the present invention: after the first terminal 10, the second terminal 10, and the third terminal 10 are deployed, the first terminal 10, the second terminal 10, and the third terminal 10 respectively start to report network access request information to the base station 20, wherein the network access request information of the first terminal 10, the second terminal 10, and the third terminal 10 may be received by the base station 20. When the base station 20 receives the network access request information of a terminal 10 (such as the third terminal 10), the triplet information of the third terminal 10 whose signal RSSI value of the network access request information is greater than -110dBm (this value can be adjusted according to different usage scenarios) is saved in the local server server of the base station 20, and the triplet information of the third terminal 10 whose signal RSSI value is less than -110dBm is saved in the local server server of the base station 20. The terminals 10 with a signal level lower than -110dBm (this value can be adjusted according to different usage scenarios) are weak signal terminals 10. The network access request information of these weak signal terminals 10 will be received by the data transceiver 33 of the relay gateway 30. The microcontroller unit MCU will forward the received triplet information of the terminal 10 to the base station 20 by simulating the terminal 10 through the data transceiver 33. After the base station 20 receives the triplet information of each terminal 10 from the relay gateway 30, the signal RSSI value of the first terminal 10 and the second terminal 10 is demodulated, which is the transmission signal value of the relay gateway 30. The transmission signal value is much larger than the signal value directly sent to the base station 20 by the first terminal 10 and the second terminal 10, so the base station 20 will accept the triplet information forwarded by the relay gateway 30 and save it. At the same time, the microcontroller unit MCU will also save the triplet information sent by the first terminal 10 and the second terminal 10, and form a routing table. At this point, the relay gateway 30 can forward the subsequent data packets of the first terminal 10 and the second terminal 10 through the data transceiver 33, and the base station 20 receives the third terminal 10 and the data packets of the first terminal 10 and the second terminal 10 forwarded by the relay gateway 30, and a stable data forwarding mechanism is formed.

[0215] Compared with the existing solutions on the market, the communication system provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages when considering the power constraints and dynamic topology (multi-hop) requirements of agricultural scenarios: 1. Breaking through the limitation of coverage range; 2. Supporting multi-hop. 3. Powered by solar cells, saving energy. 4. The overall signal propagation time ToA is shorter. 5. Supporting downlink, in conjunction with the air wireless wake-up mechanism of the LoRaLAM mode, the downlink control link does not rely on the clock, and there is no strict multi-hop time limit.

[0216] Compared with the existing general LoRaWAN protocol, the terminal 10 working in the LoRaLAM mode provided by the embodiment of the present invention has higher real-time performance, reaching the sub-second level. Low power consumption: the window will not be opened continuously, reducing unnecessary power consumption. The overall power consumption is lower than Class B and Class C, and the real-time performance is better than Class A. For example, the power consumption of Class B and LoRaLAM mode depends on the opening time of the data receiving window (pingslot period) and the wake-up period of the LoRaLAM mode. On the whole, the power consumption of Class B 4s / 8s window opening cycle is close to the 0.5s / 1s period power consumption of the LoRaLAM mode.

[0217] The tenth embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the network access method of the terminal 10 provided in the first embodiment of the present invention is implemented. For details of the network access method of the terminal 10, please refer to the contents provided in the first embodiment of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention will not be repeated here.

[0218] The eleventh embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the network access method of the terminal 10 provided in the first embodiment of the present invention. For details of the network access method of the terminal 10, please refer to the content provided in the first embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of the present invention will not be repeated here.

[0219] The twelfth embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the network access method of the terminal 10 provided in the first embodiment of the present invention. For details of the network access method of the terminal 10, please refer to the content provided in the first embodiment of the present invention, and the embodiment of the present invention will not be repeated here.

[0220] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for accessing a network of a terminal, characterized in that: The method is implemented based on the terminal (10), and the method comprises: After reporting the network access request information to the base station (20), opening a preset monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station (20) has sent a first preamble code, wherein the first preamble code is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station (20) before transmitting a network access response information in response to the network access request information; If the first preamble code is monitored, a data receiving window is opened to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station (20), wherein the duration of the monitoring time window is shorter than the duration of the data receiving window; Wherein, before confirming whether to access the network based on the network access request information uploaded by the terminal (10), the base station (20) authenticates the reliability of the uplink and downlink channels between the base station (20) and the terminal (10); If the first preamble is not monitored within the monitoring time window, or the network access response information is not received within the data receiving window, then based on a preset monitoring time interval, the monitoring time window is periodically opened to monitor whether the base station (20) has sent a second preamble, wherein the second preamble is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station (20) before transmitting an uplink channel test information in response to the network access request information; If the second preamble code is monitored, the data receiving window is opened to receive the uplink channel test information, and downlink channel test information in response to the uplink channel test information is reported to the base station (20), so that the base station (20) transmits the network access response information after receiving the downlink channel test information.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that When opening a data receiving window to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station (20), the method further comprises: If the first preamble code is not monitored within the monitoring time window, or the network access response information is not received within the data receiving window, the monitoring time window is periodically opened based on a preset monitoring time interval to monitor whether the base station (20) has sent the first preamble code.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: Reporting the network access request information to a relay gateway (30), which forwards the network access request information to the base station (20), and opening the monitoring time window to monitor whether the relay gateway (30) has sent a third preamble code, wherein the relay gateway (30) is also used to receive network access response information sent by the base station (20) in response to the network access request information, and the third preamble code is a wireless signal emitted by the relay gateway (30) before forwarding the network access response information to the terminal (10); If the third preamble code is monitored, the data receiving window is opened to receive the network access response information forwarded by the relay gateway (30).

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The relay gateway (30) is provided with a routing table, and the routing table is generated according to the triplet information of different terminals (10); when the network access request information is reported to the relay gateway (30), the method further comprises: The triplet information belonging to the terminal (10) is reported to the relay gateway (30), so that the relay gateway (30) forwards the network access request information to the base station (20) based on the triplet information and the routing table.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base station (20) stores a triplet information list, and the triplet information list stores triplet information of different terminals (10); then, before regularly opening the monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station (20) has sent the first preamble code, the method further includes: The triplet information belonging to the terminal (10) is reported to the base station (20) so that the base station (20) determines whether the triplet information belongs to the triplet information list; if so, the first preamble code is sent to the terminal (10); if not, the second preamble code is sent to the terminal (10).

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of the terminal (10) reporting the network access request information to the base station (20) comprises: Based on a preset broadcast time interval, the network access request information is broadcast to the base station (20) periodically, so that after the broadcast ends, the monitoring time window is opened to monitor whether the base station (20) has sent the first preamble code.

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The data receiving window includes a first data receiving window and a second data receiving window, and the duration of the monitoring time window is shorter than the duration of the first data receiving window and the second data receiving window; When opening a data receiving window to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station (20), the method further comprises: If the network access response information is received in the first data receiving window, first positive feedback information of receiving the network access response information is reported to the base station (20), and the second data receiving window is closed.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that When opening a data receiving window to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station (20), the method further comprises: If the network access response information is not received in the first data receiving window, the second data receiving window is opened; if the network access response information is received in the second data receiving window, second positive feedback information of receiving the network access response information is reported to the base station (20); If the network access response information is not received within the second data receiving window, the monitoring time window is periodically opened based on a preset monitoring time interval to monitor whether the base station (20) has sent the first preamble code.

9. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission duration of the first preamble code transmitted by the base station (20) is set to the first transmission duration, the transmission duration of the second preamble code transmitted by the base station (20) is set to the second transmission duration, and the duration of the third preamble code transmitted by the relay gateway (30) is set to the third transmission duration, wherein the first transmission duration, the second transmission duration and the third transmission duration are all longer than the duration of the monitoring time interval.

10. A communication method between a terminal and a base station, characterized in that: The communication method is implemented after the terminal (10) completes network access based on the network access method of the terminal (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the method comprises: After uplink data information is reported to a base station (20), a preset monitoring time window is opened to monitor whether the base station (20) has sent a fourth preamble code, wherein the fourth preamble code is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station (20) before transmitting downlink data information in response to the uplink data information; If the fourth preamble code is monitored, the data receiving window is opened to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station (20), wherein the duration of the monitoring time window is shorter than the duration of the data receiving window.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that When the data receiving window is opened to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station (20), the method further comprises: If the fourth preamble is not monitored within the monitoring time window, or the downlink data information is not received within the data receiving window, the monitoring time window is periodically opened based on a preset monitoring time interval to monitor whether the base station (20) has sent the fourth preamble.

12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The method further comprises: Reporting the uplink data information to a relay gateway (30), which forwards the uplink data information to the base station (20), and opening the monitoring time window to monitor whether the relay gateway (30) has sent a fifth preamble, wherein the relay gateway (30) is also used to receive downlink data information sent by the base station (20) in response to the uplink data information, and the fifth preamble is a wireless signal emitted by the relay gateway (30) before forwarding the downlink data information to the terminal (10); If the fifth preamble code is monitored, the data receiving window is opened to receive the downlink data information forwarded by the relay gateway (30).

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The relay gateway (30) is provided with a routing table, and the routing table is generated according to the triplet information of different terminals (10); when the uplink data information is reported to the relay gateway (30), the method further comprises: The triplet information belonging to the terminal (10) is reported to the relay gateway (30), so that the relay gateway (30) forwards the uplink data information to the base station (20) based on the triplet information and the routing table.

14. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The step of reporting uplink data information to the base station (20) comprises: Based on a preset broadcast time interval, the uplink data information is regularly broadcast to the base station (20), so that after the broadcast ends, the monitoring time window is opened to monitor whether the base station (20) has sent the fourth preamble code.

15. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The data receiving window includes a first data receiving window and a second data receiving window, and the duration of the monitoring time window is shorter than the duration of the first data receiving window and the second data receiving window; When the data receiving window is opened to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station (20), the method further comprises: If the downlink data information is received in the first data receiving window, third positive feedback information of receiving the downlink data information is reported to the base station (20), and the second data receiving window is closed.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that When the data receiving window is opened to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station (20), the method further comprises: If the downlink data information is not received in the first data receiving window, opening the second data receiving window to receive the downlink data information through the second data receiving window; If the downlink data information is received within the second data receiving window, fourth positive feedback information of receiving the downlink data information is reported to the base station (20); If the downlink data information is not received in the second data receiving window, the monitoring time window is periodically opened based on a preset monitoring time interval to monitor whether the base station (20) has sent the fourth preamble code.

17. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The transmission duration of the fourth preamble code transmitted by the base station (20) is set to the fourth transmission duration, and the transmission duration of the fifth preamble code transmitted by the relay gateway (30) is set to the fifth transmission duration, wherein the fourth transmission duration and the fifth transmission duration are both longer than the duration of the monitoring time interval.

18. A method for accessing a network of a terminal, characterized in that: The method is implemented based on a base station (20), and the method comprises: Receiving network access request information reported by a terminal (10); Transmitting a first preamble code to the terminal (10), the first preamble code being a wireless signal transmitted before transmitting network access response information in response to the network access request information to the terminal (10), so that the terminal (10) opens a data receiving window to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station (20) after listening to the first preamble code during the opened listening time window, wherein the duration of the listening time window is shorter than the duration of the data receiving window; Before confirming whether to access the network based on the network access request information, the reliability of the uplink and downlink channels between the base station (20) and the terminal (10) is authenticated; Before transmitting the first preamble code to the terminal (10), the method further comprises: Transmitting a second preamble to the terminal (10), the second preamble being a wireless signal transmitted before transmitting uplink channel test information in response to the network access request information to the terminal (10), the terminal (10) periodically opening the monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station (20) has sent the second preamble, and if the second preamble is detected, opening the data receiving window to receive the uplink channel test information; The method comprises receiving downlink channel test information reported by the terminal (10) in response to the uplink channel test information, and transmitting the first preamble code to the terminal (10) after receiving the downlink channel test information.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that When the terminal (10) opens a data receiving window to receive the network access response information transmitted by the base station (20), the method further comprises: If the terminal (10) fails to monitor the first preamble code within the monitoring time window, or fails to receive the network access response information within the data receiving window, then based on a preset monitoring time interval, the monitoring time window is periodically opened to monitor whether the base station (20) has sent the first preamble code.

20. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that When the terminal (10) reports the network access request information to the relay gateway (30), and the relay gateway (30) forwards the network access request information to the base station (20), the method further comprises: The method comprises receiving the network access request information forwarded by the relay gateway (30) from the terminal (10), and sending the network access response information in response to the network access request information to the relay gateway (30), so as to send a third preamble code to the terminal (10) through the relay gateway (30), wherein the third preamble code is a wireless signal emitted by the relay gateway (30) before forwarding the network access response information to the terminal (10), so that the terminal (10) opens the data receiving window to receive the network access response information forwarded by the relay gateway (30) after monitoring the third preamble code.

21. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that The base station (20) stores a triplet information list, wherein the triplet information list stores triplet information of different terminals (10); before transmitting a second preamble code to the terminal (10), the method further comprises: Receiving triplet information belonging to the terminal (10) reported by the terminal (10); It is determined whether the triplet information belongs to the triplet information list; if so, the first preamble code is sent to the terminal (10); if not, the second preamble code is sent to the terminal (10).

22. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that The data receiving window includes a first data receiving window and a second data receiving window, and the duration of the monitoring time window is shorter than the duration of the first data receiving window and the second data receiving window; the method further includes: First positive feedback information reported by the terminal (10) is received, wherein the first positive feedback information is feedback information that the terminal (10) receives the network access response information within the first data receiving window.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that The method further comprises: Receive second positive feedback information reported by the terminal (10), wherein the second positive feedback information is feedback information that the terminal (10) did not receive the network access response information in the first data receiving window, but received the network access response information in the opened second data receiving window.

24. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that The transmission duration of the first preamble code to the terminal (10) is the first transmission duration, the transmission duration of the second preamble code to the terminal (10) is the second transmission duration, and the duration of the third preamble code transmitted by the relay gateway (30) is set to the third transmission duration, wherein the first transmission duration, the second transmission duration and the third transmission duration are all longer than the duration of the monitoring time interval.

25. A communication method between a terminal and a base station, characterized in that: The communication method is implemented by the base station (20) after the terminal (10) completes network access based on the network access method of the terminal (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the method comprises: Receiving uplink data information reported by the terminal (10); A fourth preamble code is transmitted to the terminal (10), wherein the fourth preamble code is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station (20) before transmitting downlink data information in response to the uplink data information, so that the terminal (10) opens a data receiving window to receive the downlink data information after listening to the fourth preamble code during the opened listening time window; wherein the duration of the listening time window is less than the duration of the data receiving window.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that When the terminal (10) opens the data receiving window to receive the downlink data information, the method further comprises: If the fourth preamble is not monitored within the monitoring time window, or the downlink data information is not received within the data receiving window, the monitoring time window is periodically opened to monitor the fourth preamble based on a preset monitoring time interval.

27. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that The method further comprises: The method comprises: receiving the uplink data information from the terminal (10) forwarded by the relay gateway (30), and sending the downlink data information in response to the uplink data information to the relay gateway (30), so as to send a fifth preamble code to the terminal (10) through the relay gateway (30), wherein the fifth preamble code is a wireless signal emitted by the relay gateway (30) before forwarding the downlink data information to the terminal (10); then, after the terminal (10) hears the fifth preamble code during the opened listening time window, it opens the data receiving window to receive the downlink data information forwarded by the relay gateway (30).

28. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that The data receiving window includes a first data receiving window and a second data receiving window, and the duration of the monitoring time window is shorter than the duration of the first data receiving window and the second data receiving window; the method further includes: Receive third positive feedback information reported by the terminal (10), wherein the third positive feedback information is information fed back by the terminal (10) after receiving the downlink data information in the first data receiving window.

29. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that The method further comprises: Receive fourth positive feedback information reported by the terminal (10), wherein the fourth positive feedback information is information fed back after the terminal (10) fails to receive the downlink data information in the first data receiving window and receives the downlink data information in the opened second data receiving window.

30. A terminal (10), characterized in that: The terminal (10) completes network access by using the network access method of the terminal (10) described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

31. A communication device between a terminal (10) and a base station (20), characterized in that: The communication device is arranged at the terminal (10), and is used to implement the communication method between the terminal (10) and the base station (20) according to any one of claims 10 to 17, and the communication device comprises: A monitoring module (11) is used to, after reporting uplink data information to a base station (20), open a preset monitoring time window to monitor whether the base station (20) has sent a fourth preamble, wherein the fourth preamble is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station (20) before transmitting downlink data information in response to the uplink data information; A window opening module (12) is used to open the data receiving window to receive the downlink data information transmitted by the base station (20) if the monitoring module (11) monitors the fourth preamble code, wherein the duration of the monitoring time window is less than the duration of the data receiving window.

32. A base station (20), characterized in that: The base station (20) uses the network access method of the terminal (10) described in any one of claims 18 to 24 to confirm that the terminal (10) has accessed the network.

33. A communication device between a terminal (10) and a base station (20), characterized in that: The communication device is arranged at the base station (20), and the communication device is used to implement the communication method between the terminal (10) and the base station (20) according to any one of claims 25 to 29, and the communication device comprises: A receiving module (21), configured to receive uplink data information reported by the terminal (10); A transmitting module (22) is used to transmit a fourth preamble code to the terminal (10), wherein the fourth preamble code is a wireless signal transmitted by the base station (20) before transmitting downlink data information in response to the uplink data information, so that the terminal (10) opens a data receiving window to receive the downlink data information after listening to the fourth preamble code during the opened listening time window; wherein the duration of the listening time window is less than the duration of the data receiving window.

34. A communication system, characterized in that: include: A terminal (10), wherein the terminal (10) is provided with a communication device between the terminal (10) and the base station (20) as claimed in claim 31; A base station (20), wherein the base station (20) is provided with a communication device between the terminal (10) and the base station (20) as claimed in claim 33, and the terminal (10) is communicatively connected with the base station (20).

35. The system according to claim 34, characterized in that Also includes: A relay gateway (30), the relay gateway (30) is connected between the terminal (10) and the base station (20), and is used to forward communication information between the terminal (10) and the base station (20).

36. The system according to claim 35, characterized in that The relay gateway (30) comprises: Solar power supply module; A processor connected to the solar power supply module; A plurality of data transceivers are connected to the processors respectively, and the data transceivers are also connected to the solar power supply module.

37. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the method steps described in any one of claims 1 to 9 are implemented.

38. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method steps of any one of claims 1 to 9 are implemented.

39. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method steps of any one of claims 1 to 9 are implemented.

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