A composite welding device

Abstract

The present application provides a hybrid welding device, comprising: a first welding structure, including a first welding gun, a first power source for powering the first welding gun, and a wire feeder for feeding a first welding wire to the first welding gun; a second welding structure, including a second welding gun for working together with the first welding gun to melt the first welding wire; the first welding gun provides a first arc, the second welding gun provides a second arc, the first arc and the second arc working together to form a molten pool between the first welding wire and the base material to be welded; and a filler wire structure for providing a second welding wire and feeding the second welding wire to the molten pool. In the above technical solution, by feeding the second welding wire through the provided filler wire structure, redundant heat can be utilized, reducing the problem of cracks in the welding caused by redundant heat, while improving the cladding efficiency and improving the welding quality; in addition, energy waste can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of welding equipment, and in particular to a composite welding device. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing requirements for welding cladding efficiency and welding quality, hybrid welding technology has become one of the solutions pursued by engineering technicians. Among them, plasma hybrid welding technology (a combination of plasma arc welding technology and metal metal gas shielded welding technology) has been initially applied in engineering. Plasma arc can increase the weld penetration, and metal metal gas shielded welding technology can increase the weld filler volume. The combination of the two can greatly improve welding efficiency and ensure the penetration of the base material.

[0003] However, due to the high heat input of plasma hybrid welding technology, welding defects such as welding thermal cracks are easily formed in the weld when welding thick plates. Once welding cracks appear, serious safety hazards will occur. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a composite welding device for reducing the problem of welding thermal cracks and improving welding quality.

[0005] The present application provides a composite welding device, comprising:

[0006] a first welding structure comprising a first welding gun, a first power source for powering the first welding gun, and a wire feeder for feeding a first welding wire to the first welding gun;

[0007] a second welding structure comprising a second welding gun for cooperating with the first welding gun to melt the first welding wire;

[0008] The first welding gun provides a first arc, and the second welding gun provides a second arc, and the first arc and the second arc work together to form a molten pool between the first welding wire and the base material to be welded;

[0009] Also included is a filler wire structure for providing a second welding wire and delivering the second welding wire to the molten pool;

[0010] The first welding wire, the second welding wire and the second welding gun are located in a set plane, and the set plane is parallel to the weld seam of the base material to be welded;

[0011] The vertical projection of the point where the first arc acts on the molten pool on the welding plane is point A;

[0012] The vertical projection of the end of the second welding wire facing the molten pool on the welding plane is point B;

[0013] The vertical projection of the point where the second arc acts on the molten pool on the welding plane is point C;

[0014] The distance between point A and point C is d1, and the distance between point B and point C is d2. d1 and d2 satisfy the following relationship:

[0015] 10mm≤d1≤20mm;

[0016] 5mm≤d2≤15mm;

[0017] and d2≤d1;

[0018] The angle between the first welding wire and the welding plane is α, the angle between the second welding wire and the welding plane is β, and the angle between the second welding gun and the welding plane is γ, and α, β, and γ satisfy the following relationship:

[0019] 120°≤α≤160°;

[0020] 70°≤β≤110°;

[0021] 20°≤γ≤60°;

[0022] The welding plane is the plane where the welding surface of the base material to be welded is located, or the cross-section of the base material to be welded where the welding position is located.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the second welding wire is conveyed through the provided filler wire structure, which can utilize redundant heat and reduce the problem of cracks in the welding caused by redundant heat. At the same time, the cladding efficiency is improved and the welding quality is better. In addition, energy waste can be reduced. The first welding wire, the second welding wire and the second welding gun are arranged along the direction of the weld, which has a better melting effect on the first welding wire and the second welding wire, and reduces damage to the part outside the weld. The problem of the first arc and the distance between the second arc and the second welding wire being too small is reduced, and it is not easy for the molten part of the second welding wire to be far away from the surface of the base material to be welded, and the molten welding wire to fall outside the weld, and it is not easy for the distance to be too large, resulting in a low melting efficiency of the second welding wire. The second welding wire is set between the first welding wire and the second welding gun. During the welding process, the welding wire behind shares the molten pool formed in front, which has a better melting effect on the first welding wire and the second welding wire, and improves the welding quality.

[0024] In a specific embodiment, the wire filling structure includes a wire filling machine and a wire guiding device;

[0025] The wire filling machine is used to convey the second welding wire to the molten pool;

[0026] The wire guide device is located between the wire feeder and the molten pool and is used to define the feeding direction of the second welding wire. It can maintain the feeding direction of the second welding wire, reduce the problems of bending, deformation and disorder of the second welding wire, and ensure the smooth progress of the welding process.

[0027] In a specific embodiment, the apparatus further includes a regulating system for adjusting the speed at which the filler wire structure feeds the second welding wire, thereby maintaining a suitable feeding speed for the second welding wire, more efficiently utilizing excess heat, and ensuring a good melting effect on the second welding wire.

[0028] In a specific embodiment, the regulating system comprises,

[0029] A collector, configured to collect welding heat Q1 output by the first power source and welding heat Q2 output by the second power source;

[0030] The controller obtains the welding heat collected by the collector and adjusts the wire feeding speed of the wire feeding structure according to the welding heat. The wire feeding speed is adaptively adjusted according to the heat of the first power source and the second power source. In actual use, the speed can be automatically adjusted according to actual conditions, thereby improving the welding effect.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, the wire feeding speed of the wire filling structure is V, and V, Q1, and Q2 satisfy the following relationship:

[0032] V = k3(Q1+Q2);

[0033] Among them, k3 represents the adjustment coefficient.

[0034] In a specific implementation scheme, the collector is used to collect the set voltage U1 and set current I1 output by the first power supply, and the set voltage U2 and set current I2 output by the second power supply.

[0035] The following relationship is satisfied:

[0036] Q1=k1×U1×I1;

[0037] Q2=k2×U2×I2;

[0038] Among them, k1 and k2 are adjustment coefficients.

[0039] The wire feeding speed is automatically adjusted according to the voltage and current of the first power supply and the second power supply, and the control is more convenient.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, the welding machine further comprises an ultrasonic generator for generating ultrasonic waves and transmitting them to the molten pool to vibrate the molten pool, thereby refining the grains, reducing the occurrence of welding cracks, and improving the welding effect.

[0041] In one specific embodiment, the ultrasonic wave generator is mounted on the filler wire structure, with the output end of the ultrasonic wave generator located on the filler wire structure near the outlet end of the second welding wire. The ultrasonic wave is transmitted to the molten pool through the second welding wire, thereby achieving a more effective vibration effect on the molten pool.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, the output end of the ultrasonic generating unit is located inside the filler wire structure, and the distance between the output end of the ultrasonic generating unit and the outlet end of the filler wire structure is d3, and d3 satisfies the following relationship:

[0043] 0mm≤d3≤10mm.

[0044] Compared with the case where the ultrasonic generating unit is arranged outside the wire filling structure, the waste of ultrasonic energy is reduced, and the effect of transmitting ultrasonic waves into the molten pool for oscillation is better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a composite welding device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a control system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the layout of the composite welding device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the ultrasonic generating unit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1. Argon arc welding structure; 11. Argon arc welding gun; 111. First arc; 12. Argon arc welding power supply; 13. Wire feeder; 2. Plasma welding structure; 21. Plasma welding gun; 211. Second arc; 22. Plasma welding power supply; 3. First welding wire; 4. Filler wire structure; 41. Filler wire; 42. Wire guide device; 5. Second welding wire; 6. Adjustment system; 61. Collector; 62. Controller; 7. Ultrasonic generating unit; 71. Generating part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present application will be further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and examples, through which the features and advantages of the present application will become more clear and distinct.

[0051] The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, example, or illustration." Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise indicated.

[0052] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0053] To facilitate understanding of the hybrid welding device provided in the embodiments of this application, let's first introduce its application scenarios. The hybrid welding device provided in the embodiments of this application is used to weld parent metals. This hybrid welding method, combining two welding methods, improves welding efficiency and, to a certain extent, weld quality compared to single-method welding devices. The embodiments of this application provide a hybrid welding device to reduce the occurrence of welding defects and improve welding quality. This is described in detail below with reference to specific figures and examples.

[0054] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a hybrid welding device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. The hybrid welding device provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a first welding structure and a second welding structure, which work together to weld the base material. The first welding structure includes a first welding gun and a first power supply for powering the base material; the second welding structure includes a second welding gun and a second power supply for powering the base material.

[0055] The first welding structure is a metal arc welding structure, exemplified by various currently used metal arc welding structures, such as argon arc welding with argon as the shielding gas, solid carbon dioxide gas shielded welding and flux-cored carbon dioxide gas shielded welding with carbon dioxide as the shielding gas. This application is described using the argon arc welding structure 1 as an example of the first welding structure; correspondingly, the first welding gun is an argon arc welding gun 11, and the first power source is an argon arc welding power source 12.

[0056] The second welding structure is a plasma welding structure 2 ; correspondingly, the second welding gun is a plasma welding gun 21 , and the second power source is a plasma welding power source 22 .

[0057] The argon arc welding structure 1 also includes a wire feeder 13, which is used to provide a first welding wire 3 to the argon arc welding gun 11. The first welding wire 3 is fed to the argon arc welding gun 11 and extends through the argon arc welding gun 11 to the weld position on the base material to be welded. The argon arc welding power supply 12 is used to generate a first arc 111 at the end of the first welding wire 3. At the same time, the plasma welding gun 21 is powered by the plasma welding power supply 22 to generate a second arc 211. The first arc 111 and the second arc 211 act together on the first welding wire 3 and the base material to be welded to form a molten pool, thereby welding the base material.

[0058] Among them, the wire feeder 13 is a structure commonly used in the relevant field. For example, it includes an axis roller wrapped with the first welding wire 3 and a power component for pulling the first welding wire 3. The power component includes wire feeding rollers arranged in pairs and clamping the first welding wire 3 and a motor for driving the wire feeding rollers to rotate, thereby realizing the function of pulling the first welding wire 3.

[0059] The embodiment of the present application also includes a filler wire structure 4, which is used to provide and transport the second welding wire 5, transport the second welding wire 5 to the molten pool formed by the first welding wire 3 and the base material, and melt the second welding wire 5 under the action of the first arc 111, the second arc 211 and the participating heat.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, a filler wire structure 4 is provided to convey a second welding wire 5, primarily to dissipate excess heat during welding. Specifically, in existing solutions, simultaneous welding using an argon arc welding torch 11 and a plasma welding torch 21 generates high heat and creates redundant heat, which can easily lead to weld thermal cracking and poor weld quality. However, conveying the second welding wire 5 through the filler wire structure 4 dissipates excess heat, reducing the risk of weld thermal cracking caused by excessive heat. Furthermore, it can further increase welding cladding efficiency and improve weld quality.

[0061] It should also be noted that, during the welding process, the existing argon arc welding gun 11 will preheat the first welding wire 3 to a certain extent, so that when the first welding wire 3 and the base material melt to form a molten pool, it can melt faster and improve welding efficiency; while the wire filling mechanism 41 provided in the embodiment of the present application directly delivers the second welding wire 5 at room temperature to the molten pool, which can more effectively consume redundant heat and better improve the welding quality.

[0062] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 The wire-filling structure 4 includes a wire-filling machine 41 and a wire-guiding device 42. The structure of the wire-filling machine 41 can be referred to as the structure of the wire-feeding machine 13. Both are commonly used structures in the related art and will not be described in detail in this embodiment. The wire-guiding device 42 is a sleeve structure, through which the second welding wire 5 passes to guide the transmission direction of the second welding wire 5, ensuring stable transmission of the second welding wire 5 to the molten pool. This can reduce the problem of bending and disorder in the conveyed second welding wire 5 and improve the smoothness of the conveyance of the second welding wire 5 by the wire-filling machine 41.

[0063] In other embodiments, the wire guide device 42 can also be configured to include multiple guide rollers that cooperate to clamp the second welding wire 5, or multiple retaining rings fixedly connected to the plate-like structure, through which the second welding wire 5 passes. Both of these structures can guide the second welding wire 5. This embodiment of the present application only uses a sleeve-shaped structure as an example for illustrative purposes.

[0064] In addition, the second welding wire 5 is transported to the molten pool to consume redundant heat and improve the welding cladding efficiency. During normal welding, the redundant heat is fixed or fluctuates within a certain range above and below a certain value. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the wire feeding machine 41 at an appropriate wire feeding speed so that the second welding wire 5 can be fully consumed while being transported. The problem of the wire feeding speed being too fast, which makes it difficult for the second welding wire 5 to maintain high melting efficiency, is not likely to occur.

[0065] Therefore, refer to Figure 2 The composite welding device also includes a regulating system 6 for adjusting the wire feeding speed of the wire filling machine 41. The regulating system 6 includes a collector 61 and a controller 62, wherein the collector 61 is used to collect the welding heat Q1 output by the argon arc welding power supply 12 and the welding heat Q2 output by the plasma welding power supply 22; the controller 62 is connected to the collector 61 signal and calculates the appropriate wire feeding speed according to the values of Q1 and Q2; the controller 62 is also connected to the wire filling machine 41 signal to adjust the wire feeding speed of the wire filling machine 41 to maintain it at an appropriate value.

[0066] By setting up the adjustment system 6, a suitable wire feeding speed is maintained during the welding process, and while fully utilizing the redundant heat, a good melting efficiency of the second welding wire 5 is maintained, thereby improving the welding quality and reducing energy waste.

[0067] Exemplarily, the collector 61 obtains Q1 and Q2 by calculating the set voltage and set current output by the argon arc welding power supply 12 and the plasma welding power supply 22; wherein the set voltage output by the argon arc welding power supply 12 is U1, the set current is I1, and the set voltage output by the plasma welding power supply 22 is U2, the set current is I2; Q1, Q2, U1, U2, I1, and I2 satisfy the following relationship:

[0068] Q1=k1×U1×I1;

[0069] Q2=k2×U2×I2;

[0070] Among them, k1 represents the adjustment coefficient of the welding heat Q1 output by the argon arc welding power supply 12, which is a constant. The value of this constant varies according to factors such as the type of the first welding wire 3, the type of the base material to be welded, and the type of the argon arc welding gun 11; similarly, k2 represents the adjustment coefficient of the welding heat Q2 output by the plasma welding power supply 22, which is a constant. The value of this constant varies according to the type of the plasma welding gun 21.

[0071] Based on the above data, the wire feeding speed V of the wire filling machine 41 can be determined to satisfy the following relationship:

[0072] V = k3(Q1+Q2);

[0073] That is, V=k3(k1×U1×I1+k2×U2×I2).

[0074] Among them, k3 is an adjustment coefficient representing the wire feeding speed V, which is also a constant. The value of this constant varies with factors such as the type of the second welding wire 5 and the type of the base material to be welded.

[0075] In a specific embodiment, the value of the adjustment coefficient is derived by reverse deduction based on multiple test data. For example, during the test phase, when U1, U2, I1, and I2 have different values, the second welding wire 5 is fed at a different wire feed speed V for each set of values. At the same time, the welding quality is observed and recorded, and the most suitable wire feed speed V value corresponding to each set of values is determined. Subsequently, the corresponding values of k1, k2, and k3 are derived based on the multiple sets of values of V, U1, U2, I1, and I2 obtained. Thus, the specific value of the wire feed speed V can be determined based on the values of U1, U2, I1, and I2.

[0076] That is, during the actual welding operation, the data actually collected by the collector 61 are the values of U1, U2, I1, and I2. The corresponding data are transmitted to the controller 62, and the appropriate wire feeding speed V value is calculated based on the determined values of k1, k2, and k3.

[0077] During the welding process, the collector 61 collects corresponding data in real time and transmits it to the controller 62 . The controller 62 determines the appropriate value of the wire feeding speed V based on the collected data and adjusts the wire feeding speed of the wire filling machine 41 .

[0078] Reference Figure 3 The first welding wire 3, the second welding wire 5, and the plasma torch 21 are located within a predetermined plane, and the predetermined plane is parallel to the weld seam of the base material to be welded. Simply put, the first welding wire 3, the second welding wire 5, and the plasma torch 21 are arranged sequentially along the direction of the weld seam, with the second welding wire 5 positioned before the first welding wire 3 and the plasma torch 21. This allows for more efficient utilization of the redundant heat generated by the first arc 111 and the second arc 211.

[0079] The angle between the first welding wire 3 and the welding plane is α, the angle between the second welding wire 5 and the welding plane is β, and the angle between the plasma welding gun 21 and the welding plane is γ. α, β, and γ satisfy the following relationship:

[0080] 120°≤α≤160°;

[0081] 70°≤β≤110°;

[0082] 20°≤γ≤60°.

[0083] Among them, the welding plane is the plane of the surface of the parent material to be welded where the welding operation is performed; when the welding surface is an arc surface, the welding plane is the section of the arc surface at the welding position.

[0084] By limiting the angles of the first welding wire 3, the second welding wire 5 and the plasma welding gun 21, the first arc 111 and the second arc 211 can have a better melting effect on the first welding wire 3 and the second welding wire 5. During the welding process, the welding position moves along the extension direction of the weld. For example, the first welding wire 3 is located in front of the moving direction, and the first welding wire 3 and the base material form a molten pool. As the movement continues, the second welding wire 5 is located at the molten pool and is melted by the heat of the first arc 111 and the second arc 211, and filled into the original molten pool to realize the sharing of the molten pool. In the front and rear of the movement, the first arc 111 and the second arc 211 are used to heat and melt the two wires, respectively, so that the quality of forming the molten pool and welding is better, and mutual interference is less likely to occur.

[0085] Of course, during the welding process, when moving along the extending direction of the weld, the plasma welding gun 21 can also be arranged to be located at the front side.

[0086] In addition, the vertical projection of the point where the first arc 111 acts on the molten pool on the welding plane is point A, the vertical projection of the end of the second welding wire 5 facing the molten pool on the welding plane is point B, and the vertical projection of the point where the second arc 211 acts on the molten pool on the welding plane is point C. The distance between points A and C is d1, and the distance between points B and C is d2. d1 and d2 satisfy the following relationship:

[0087] 10mm≤d1≤20mm;

[0088] 5mm≤d2≤15mm;

[0089] And d2≤d1.

[0090] Keeping the corresponding distance within an appropriate range will prevent the situation where the distance is too small, causing the molten parts of the first welding wire 3 and the second welding wire 5 to be too far away from the base material to be welded, and the situation where the distance is too large, causing energy waste, thereby improving the welding quality.

[0091] Reference Figure 4 The hybrid welding device further includes an ultrasonic generating unit 7 for generating ultrasonic waves. The generated ultrasonic waves are transmitted into the molten pool, causing the molten pool to vibrate, thereby refining the grains, reducing the problem of weld cracks, and improving the welding quality.

[0092] Specifically, ultrasonic generator unit 7 includes a generator portion 71 that serves as an ultrasonic output terminal. Generator portion 71 is fixedly connected to wire guide assembly 42 and directly acts on second welding wire 5, allowing second welding wire 5 to act as an ultrasonic wave transmission medium, thereby enhancing the ultrasonic wave's effect on the molten pool. Generator portion 71 of ultrasonic generator unit 7 is located within wire guide assembly 42, near the outlet of second welding wire 5. If the distance between generator portion 71 and the outlet of second welding wire 5 on wire guide assembly 42 is d3, then d3 satisfies the following relationship:

[0093] 0mm≤d3≤10mm.

[0094] It should be noted that the ultrasonic generating unit 7 is an ultrasonic generator used in the relevant field, and its specific structure and working principle will not be described in the embodiments of this application.

[0095] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships in the working state of this application. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on this application.

[0096] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. In addition, "a plurality" in this application refers to two or more. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood in specific circumstances.

[0097] The present application has been described above in conjunction with preferred embodiments, but these embodiments are merely exemplary and serve only as an illustrative example. On this basis, various replacements and improvements can be made to the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A composite welding device, characterized in that: include, a first welding structure comprising a first welding gun, a first power source for powering the first welding gun, and a wire feeder for feeding a first welding wire to the first welding gun; a second welding structure comprising a second welding gun for cooperating with the first welding gun to melt the first welding wire and a second power source for supplying energy to the second welding gun; The first welding gun provides a first arc, and the second welding gun provides a second arc, and the first arc and the second arc work together to form a molten pool between the first welding wire and the base material to be welded; Also included is a filler wire structure for providing a second welding wire and delivering the second welding wire to the molten pool; The first welding wire, the second welding wire and the second welding gun are located in a set plane, and the set plane is parallel to the weld seam of the base material to be welded; The vertical projection of the point where the first arc acts on the molten pool on the welding plane is point A; The vertical projection of the end of the second welding wire facing the molten pool on the welding plane is point B; The vertical projection of the point where the second arc acts on the molten pool on the welding plane is point C; The distance between point A and point C is d1, and the distance between point B and point C is d2. d1 and d2 satisfy the following relationship: 10mm≤d1≤20mm; 5mm≤d2≤15mm; and d2≤d1; The angle between the first welding wire and the welding plane is α, the angle between the second welding wire and the welding plane is β, and the angle between the second welding gun and the welding plane is γ, and α, β, and γ satisfy the following relationship: 120°≤α≤160°； 70°≤β≤110°； 20°≤γ≤60°; The welding plane is the plane where the welding surface of the base material to be welded is located, or the cross-section of the base material to be welded where the welding position is located.

2. The hybrid welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire filling structure includes a wire filling machine and a wire guiding device; The wire filling machine is used to convey the second welding wire to the molten pool; The wire guiding device is located between the wire filling machine and the molten pool, and is used to limit the second welding wire conveying direction.

3. The hybrid welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes an adjustment system for adjusting the speed at which the filler wire structure delivers the second welding wire.

4. The hybrid welding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The regulating system comprises: A collector, configured to collect welding heat Q1 output by the first power source and welding heat Q2 output by the second power source; The controller obtains the welding heat collected by the collector and adjusts the wire feeding speed of the filler wire structure according to the welding heat.

5. The hybrid welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wire feeding speed of the wire filling structure is V, and V, Q1, and Q2 satisfy the following relationship: V = k3(Q1+Q2); Among them, k3 represents the adjustment coefficient.

6. The hybrid welding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The collector is used to collect the set voltage U1 and the set current I1 output by the first power supply, and the set voltage U2 and the set current I2 output by the second power supply, The following relationship is satisfied: Q1=k1×U1×I1; Q2=k2×U2×I2; Among them, k1 and k2 are adjustment coefficients.

7. The hybrid welding device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes an ultrasonic generating unit for generating ultrasonic waves and transmitting the ultrasonic waves to the molten pool.

8. The hybrid welding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ultrasonic generating unit is arranged on the filler wire structure, and the output end of the ultrasonic generating unit is located on the filler wire structure close to the outlet end of the second welding wire.

9. The hybrid welding device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The output end of the ultrasonic generating unit is located inside the filler wire structure, and the distance between the output end of the ultrasonic generating unit and the outlet end of the filler wire structure is d3, and d3 satisfies the following relationship: 0mm≤d3≤10mm.

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