Rail transit wheel set full-size on-line high-precision measuring device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of rail transit wheel set full-size online high-precision measuring devices, including for measuring the first laser sensor, second laser sensor, third laser sensor and polygonal measurement module of multiple parts of wheel set;The first laser sensor is installed at the inside of track at a certain angle, the second laser sensor is installed below track at a certain angle, the third laser sensor is installed at the outside of track at a certain angle, and the polygonal measurement module is installed with track interface.This application also discloses the method for measuring using the above rail transit wheel set full-size online high-precision measuring device.The device and method disclosed in the application can realize the accurate measurement of full-size parameters such as rail transit train online passing type wheel tread wear, equivalent taper and wheel polygon without stopping, compared with prior art, high integration, simple and efficient, high degree of automation, good accuracy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of online detection and measurement of wheelset geometry and parameters of rail transit vehicles, and particularly relates to a rail transit wheelset full-size online high-precision measurement device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Wheelsets are core components of rail transit trains, and bear the important functions of bearing, guiding, traction and braking. China's rail transit has the characteristics of a wide range of operating speeds, a wide range of regions, and complex line conditions. Wheel wear always exists, and wheelset equivalent conicity and wheel polygonal overrunning occur from time to time. Wheel wear affects the stability and comfort of rail transit trains, and wheelset equivalent conicity and wheel polygonal overrunning can cause snakelike instability and high-frequency vibration, and even cause wheel damage, directly endangering the safety and reliability of trains. Therefore, it is very important to accurately grasp the full-size state of the wheelset for the safe operation of rail transit trains.

[0003] When measuring the tread wear condition and equivalent conicity and wheel polygon of the wheelset, the tread profile, inside distance, diameter, tread runout and other values of the two wheels in the wheelset must be accurately obtained first, and then the tread wear and equivalent conicity and wheel polygon values of the wheelset are obtained by computer operation.

[0004] The existing measurement methods mainly include the following: 1. A person operates several handheld measuring instruments or small mobile measuring devices to measure each wheelset one by one, and then inputs the measured values into a computer for operation to obtain the result values. However, the measurement method of using manual operation of handheld measuring instruments or small mobile measuring devices is time-consuming, low in efficiency, greatly affected by human operation factors, and lacks measurement stability. The train to be measured needs to be parked for a long time, which reduces the train utilization rate and is not economical. 2. When the train is not removed for wheel regrinding, the measurement device of the not-falling wheel lathe is used to measure each wheelset, and the computer of the not-falling wheel lathe is used for operation to obtain the result values. However, the measurement method of using the measurement device of the not-falling wheel lathe to measure the wheelset needs to be performed during the train regrinding operation, which is time-consuming and low in efficiency, and cannot realize online through detection without stopping the train, and cannot perform full-coverage detection on a large number of trains in a short time. 3. The rail-side wheel profile size dynamic detection system and the online polygon detection system are used for dynamic measurement and qualitative judgment. However, the measurement accuracy of the rail-side wheel profile size dynamic detection system and the online polygon detection system is not high, and the error is large. The measurement precision of the wheelset equivalent conicity value cannot meet the related requirements, and the wheel polygon can only be qualitatively detected, and the accurate wheel polygon amplitude and other parameters cannot be accurately measured.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a convenient, efficient, highly automated, and highly accurate online high-precision measurement device and method for the full dimensions of rail transit wheelsets, capable of measuring equivalent wheel taper and wheel polygons without stopping the vehicle, has become an urgent problem for those skilled in the art. In response, this invention provides a novel online high-precision measurement device and method for the full dimensions of rail transit wheelsets, which effectively solves the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a new type of online high-precision measurement device and method for the full size of rail transit wheelsets, which is unable to effectively grasp the full size status of existing equipment and methods.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a full-size online high-precision measurement device for rail transit wheelsets, comprising: a first laser sensor, a second laser sensor, a third laser sensor, and a polygon measurement module;

[0008] The first laser sensor is used to measure the inner distance data of the wheelset to be measured and is installed on the inner side of the track that carries the wheelset;

[0009] The second laser sensor, used to measure the tread profile data of the wheelset, is installed below the track; wherein there is a slit in the track to allow the laser emitted by the second laser sensor to pass through;

[0010] The third laser sensor is used to measure the lower axle profile data of the wheelset and is installed on the outside of the track;

[0011] The polygonal measurement module is installed and docked with the track to measure the radial runout value of the wheelset tread.

[0012] The polygon measurement module includes a floating probe, which is supported by a spring and can move up and down while maintaining contact with the wheel tread surface, thereby determining the radial runout value of the wheel tread surface.

[0013] Preferably, the polygon measurement module further includes a guide rail and a displacement sensor; the guide rail is the main support structure of the polygon measurement module, which is installed in conjunction with the track to support the operation of the wheelset and provide guidance; the displacement sensor is used to measure the vertical floating distance of the floating probe.

[0014] Preferably, the parallel distance ΔL between the contact point of the floating probe and the tread of the wheelset and the inner side surface of the wheel in the wheelset is 70mm.

[0015] Preferably, the first laser sensor, the second laser sensor and the third laser sensor each have two laser sensing devices; the two laser sensing devices are symmetrically distributed along the center line of the track.

[0016] Preferably, the first laser sensor, the second laser sensor and the third laser sensor are installed on the track at an angle and remain relatively stationary relative to the track.

[0017] Preferably, the first laser sensor, the second laser sensor and the third laser sensor further have a wheel sensor for checking whether the wheel set reaches a measurement position.

[0018] In this regard, the application further provides a track traffic wheel set full-size online high-precision measurement method applied to the above measurement device; the method comprises:

[0019] S100: measuring and storing the inner side distance data of the wheel set by using the first laser sensor and measuring and storing the tread profile data of the wheel set by using the second laser sensor;

[0020] S200: processing the measured inner side distance and profile data to calculate the equivalent conicity value by analysis;

[0021] S300: measuring and storing the wheel set axle under profile data by using the third laser sensor;

[0022] S400: calculating the spatial height position of the wheel set axle center relative to the track upper surface to calculate the wheel diameter value of the wheel set by using algorithm analysis;

[0023] S500: making the wheel set roll off the polygon measurement module, the floating probe contacts the wheel set tread, and the radial runout value of the tread is measured;

[0024] S600: combining the measured wheel diameter value and radial runout value to calculate the wheel set wheel polygon value by using algorithm analysis;

[0025] S700: outputting profile, wheel diameter, equivalent conicity, wheel polygon and other data reports.

[0026] Preferably, in S100 and S300, the measurement position of the first laser sensor, the second laser sensor and the third laser sensor should be provided with a wheel sensor for detecting whether the wheel reaches the measurement position.

[0027] Preferably, in S100 and S300, the positions of the first laser sensor, the second laser sensor and the third laser sensor do not move with the movement of the wheel set and remain relatively stationary.

[0028] Preferably, in the S500, the displacement sensor is used to determine the up-and-down floating distance of the floating measuring head, and then determine the radial run-out value of the wheel tread.

[0029] The embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) The rail transit wheel set full-size online high-precision measuring device has high measurement accuracy and high automation degree, and the measurement process can be automatically completed without manual operation on site, avoiding errors caused by human factors.

[0031] (2) The rail transit wheel set full-size online high-precision measuring device has high measurement efficiency and high integration. The measuring device can be installed at the throat track with high train passing frequency, and the entire measurement process is online passing type, so the train can be measured and walked at the same time. The train can complete the accurate quantitative measurement of the tread wear, equivalent taper and wheel polygon of all wheel sets at one time. The algorithm is convenient, the system response speed is fast, and there is no conflict with train maintenance or turning operation, which greatly improves the measurement efficiency and also improves the train maintenance and operation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0033] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the detection device of the first embodiment provided by the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the detection device from another perspective provided by the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 is a local structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment when the wheel passes through the second laser sensor;

[0036] Figure 4 is a local structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment when the wheel passes through the polygon measurement module;

[0037] Figure 5 is a local structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment when the wheel passes through the polygon measurement module;

[0038] Figure 6 is a flow chart of the measurement method in the second embodiment provided by the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be apparently and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application. Embodiment one

[0040] Referring to Figure 1 The embodiment of the present application provides a rail transit wheel set full-size online high-precision measuring device. The rail transit wheel set full-size online high-precision measuring device comprises a first laser sensor 3, a second laser sensor 4, a third laser sensor 5 and a polygonal measuring module 6. A wheel set to be measured is a wheel set 1, and a track for the wheel set 1 is a track 2. The wheel set 1 comprises a wheel set inner side surface 101, a wheel set tread 102, a wheel set axle 110 and an axle lower contour 111. The first laser sensor 3, the second laser sensor 4 and the third laser sensor 5 each have two laser sensing devices; the two laser sensing devices are symmetrically distributed along the center line of the track 2 and keep relative static with the track 2. The first laser sensor 3 is installed at an angle in the inner side of the track 2 and is used for measuring the inner side distance data of the wheel set to be measured. The second laser sensor 4 is installed at an angle below the track 2 and is used for measuring the contour data of the wheel set tread 102; the third laser sensor 5 is installed at an angle outside the track 2 and is used for measuring the data of the axle lower contour 111. The polygonal measuring module 6 is installed in abutment with the track 2 and is used for measuring the radial runout value of the wheel set tread 102.

[0041] Referring to Figure 2 The first laser sensor 3 irradiates the wheel set inner side surface 101 by emitting a laser beam, determines the specific positions of the two laser sensing devices in the first laser sensor 3, the specific width of the track 2 and the deflection angle of the first laser sensor 3; determines the specific distance to the wheel set inner side surface 101 by irradiating the wheel set inner side surface 101 with the emitted laser beam; that is, the inner side distance data L1 of the wheel set can be determined. The second laser sensor 4 determines the contour data of the wheel set tread 102 by irradiating the wheel set tread 102 with the emitted laser beam. Figure 3 The track 2 has a slit 201 above the installation position of the second laser sensor 4, and the laser beam emitted by the second laser sensor 4 irradiates the wheel set tread 102 through the slit 201. Figure 1The third laser sensor 5 is installed outside the track 2 and can directly emit a laser beam to irradiate the wheel-axle lower profile 111 on the wheel-axle 110 to determine the specific position data of the wheel-axle lower profile 111. In the case that the specific position of the third laser sensor 5 is clear, that is, the space height position L2 of the wheel-axle lower profile 111 from the upper surface of the track 2 is clear. Furthermore, in the case of the radius of the wheel-axle 110, the space height position of the center of the wheel-axle 110 relative to the upper surface of the track 2 can be obtained, so as to calculate the wheel diameter value of the wheel-axle 1.

[0042] The wheel sensor is further arranged in the first laser sensor 3, the second laser sensor 4 and the third laser sensor 5. After the wheel-axle 1 is sensed to be close, the first laser sensor 3, the second laser sensor 4 and the third laser sensor 5 start to work, so as to ensure that no other objects are detected, to prevent interference data in the storage data, and to reduce the consumption of energy and be more environmentally friendly.

[0043] Participate Figure 4 , Figure 5 The polygon measurement module 6 comprises a guide rail 601, a floating probe 602 and a displacement sensor 603. The guide rail 601 is the main structure of the polygon measurement module 6 and is used to provide support and guidance for the wheel-axle 1. The guide rail 601 is installed in abutment with the track 2. The floating probe 602 is installed on the outer surface of the guide rail 601, and the displacement sensor 603 is parallel to the floating probe 602 and is also installed on the outer surface of the guide rail 601. The floating probe 602 is supported by a spring and can move up and down. The floating probe 602 is always in contact with the wheel tread 102, and the contact point is a standard measurement rolling circle 105. The standard measurement rolling circle 105 is parallel to the wheel inner side 101 with a parallel distance △L=70mm. The floating probe 602 moves up and down with the running of the wheel-axle 1, and the displacement sensor 603 is used to measure the up-and-down floating distance of the floating probe 602. Embodiment two

[0044] See Figure 6 Based on the embodiment one, the application further provides a track traffic wheel-axle full-size online high-precision measurement method. The measurement method comprises the following steps:

[0045] S100: measuring and storing the wheel inner side distance data by using the first laser sensor and measuring and storing the tread profile data of the wheel-axle by using the second laser sensor;

[0046] S200: processing the measured inner side distance and profile data, and calculating the equivalent taper value through analysis;

[0047] S300: measuring and storing the wheel profile data under the axle of the wheel set by the third laser sensor;

[0048] S400: calculating the space height position of the axle center of the wheel set relative to the surface of the track by algorithm analysis, and thus calculating the wheel diameter value of the wheel set;

[0049] S500: making the wheel set roll off the polygon measurement module, and the floating probe contacts the wheel tread, and the radial runout value of the tread is measured;

[0050] S600: combining the measured wheel diameter value and the radial runout value, and calculating the wheel polygon value of the wheel set by algorithm analysis;

[0051] S700: outputting the data report of the profile, the wheel diameter, the equivalent taper, the wheel polygon, etc.

[0052] In the S100 and S300, a wheel sensor is further arranged at the measurement position of the first laser sensor, the second laser sensor and the third laser sensor for detecting whether the wheel reaches the measurement position, and the inner side distance, the profile, the axle under profile, etc. data are selectively stored according to the detection result. The positions of the first laser sensor, the second laser sensor and the third laser sensor do not move with the movement of the wheel set, and remain relatively static. In the S500, the displacement sensor is used to determine the up and down floating distance of the floating probe, and thus the radial runout value of the wheel tread is determined.

[0053] The above only discloses one preferred embodiment of the present application, and of course cannot limit the scope of the present application, and those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented, and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application still belong to the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A full-size online high-precision measurement device for rail transit wheelsets, characterized in that, include: First laser sensor, second laser sensor, third laser sensor, track and polygon measurement module; The first laser sensor is used to measure the inner distance data of the wheelset to be measured and is installed on the inner side of the track that carries the wheelset; The second laser sensor is used to measure the tread profile data of the wheelset and is installed below the track; wherein there is a slit in the track to allow the second laser sensor to emit a laser through, the slit is located above the second laser sensor, and the laser passes through the slit in the track to illuminate the tread of the wheelset to determine the tread profile; The third laser sensor is used to measure the axle lower profile data of the wheelset and is installed on the outside of the track; the polygonal measurement module is installed in connection with the track and is used to measure the radial runout value of the wheelset tread; wherein, the polygonal measurement module includes a floating probe, which is supported by a spring and can move up and down while maintaining contact with the wheelset tread, and can determine the radial runout value of the wheelset tread; The polygon measurement module also includes a guide rail and a displacement sensor; the guide rail is the main support structure of the polygon measurement module, which is installed in conjunction with the track to support the operation of the wheelset and provide guidance; the displacement sensor is used to measure the vertical floating distance of the floating probe.

2. The online high-precision measurement device for full-size rail transit wheelsets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contact point between the floating probe and the tread of the wheelset and the parallel distance ΔL = 70mm between the inner side of the wheel in the wheelset.

3. The online high-precision measurement device for full-size rail transit wheelsets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first laser sensor, the second laser sensor, and the third laser sensor each have two laser sensing devices; the two laser sensing devices are symmetrically distributed along the center line of the track.

4. The online high-precision measurement device for full-size rail transit wheelsets according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first laser sensor, the second laser sensor, and the third laser sensor are mounted on the track at a certain angle and remain relatively stationary with respect to the track.

5. The online high-precision measurement device for full-size rail transit wheelsets according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first, second, and third laser sensors also include wheel sensors to check whether the wheelset has reached the measurement position.

6. A method for online high-precision measurement of the full dimensions of rail transit wheelsets, using any one of the online high-precision measurement devices for the full dimensions of rail transit wheelsets as described in claims 1-5, characterized in that, The method includes: S100: Measure and store the inner distance data of the wheelset using the first laser sensor, and measure and store the tread profile data of the wheelset using the second laser sensor; S200: Processes the measured inner distance and profile data, and calculates the equivalent taper value through analysis; S300: Measure and store the axle lower profile data of the wheelset using the third laser sensor; S400: The spatial height position of the axle center of the wheelset relative to the upper surface of the track is calculated using algorithm analysis, thereby calculating the wheel diameter value of the wheelset; S500: The wheelset is rolled off the polygonal measurement module, and the floating probe contacts the tread of the wheelset to measure the radial runout value of the tread. S600: Combining the measured wheel diameter value and radial runout value, the wheel polygon value of the wheelset is calculated using an algorithm. S600: Combining the measured wheel diameter value and radial runout value, the wheel polygon value of the wheelset is calculated using an algorithm. S700: Outputs data reports such as profile, wheel diameter, equivalent taper, and wheel polygon.

7. The online high-precision measurement method for full-size rail transit wheelsets according to claim 6, characterized in that, In S100 and S300, wheel sensors should also be provided at the measurement positions of the first laser sensor, the second laser sensor, and the third laser sensor to detect whether the wheel has reached the measurement position.

8. The online high-precision measurement method for full-size rail transit wheelsets according to claim 6, characterized in that, In S100 and S300, the positions of the first laser sensor, the second laser sensor, and the third laser sensor do not move with the movement of the wheelset and remain relatively stationary.

9. The online high-precision measurement method for full-size rail transit wheelsets according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S500, the displacement sensor is used to determine the vertical floating distance of the floating probe, thereby determining the radial runout value of the wheelset tread.

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