Drilling rig with continuous drilling and rod addition and drilling construction method

Abstract

The present application relates to a drilling rig and a drilling construction method that can drill and add rods without stopping, and relates to the technical field of drilling rigs. The drilling rig that can drill and add rods without stopping includes a drilling rig main unit, which includes a linear feed mechanism, a power head and a clamp. The power head and the clamp are installed on the linear feed mechanism, and the clamp includes a chuck and a rotary power mechanism for driving the chuck to rotate. The drilling construction method includes the following steps: drilling preparation, unloading the drill rod: the clamp is clamped and rotated forward, and the power head stops drilling or reverses; the power head retreats; adding rods: the drill rod to be added is placed between the power head and the clamp, the power head rotates forward and pushes forward, and the first joint is tightened; the power head rotates forward and pushes forward, at this time the power head speed is higher than the clamp speed, and the second joint is tightened; the clamp is released; and the above steps are repeated to perform drilling construction. This application has the advantages of keeping the drill rod in the borehole rotating continuously and the drill cuttings in motion, which can prevent drill jamming and jamming accidents caused by blockage caused by drilling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of drilling rigs, and in particular to a drilling rig capable of continuously drilling and adding rods, and a drilling construction method. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel drilling rigs are mainly used for drilling underground tunnels. They can be used for drilling holes for gas extraction and discharge, grouting and fire extinguishing, coal seam water injection, geological exploration and other related engineering projects. They are widely used in geological exploration, coal furnace gas mining, hydropower generation and other industries.

[0003] For related technology, see patent application number 202110264181.9, which discloses an automatic rod-adding drilling rig, including: a chassis installed on a crawler vehicle; a lifting support assembly connected to the chassis; a drilling rig main unit installed on the lifting support assembly, and the lifting support assembly is used to adjust the drilling height and drilling pitch angle of the drilling rig main unit.

[0004] Regarding the above-mentioned related technologies, when drilling rigs are drilling in complex geological conditions such as soft coal rock formations, high ground pressure coal rock formations, and high gas coal seams, drill sticking and drill jamming often occur. Especially when adding rods, the drilling rig main unit needs to stop drilling, and the drill cuttings cannot be removed. A large amount of drill cuttings accumulate and clog the drill, causing the drill to get stuck or stuck. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the problem that the drill rig needs to be stopped when adding rods during current construction, which easily causes the drill to get stuck, the present application provides a drilling rig and a drilling construction method that can add rods without stopping.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a drilling rig that can drill without stopping and adding rods, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A drilling rig capable of continuously drilling and adding rods comprises a main drilling rig body, wherein the main drilling rig body comprises a linear feed mechanism, a power head and a clamp, wherein the power head and the clamp are mounted on the linear feed mechanism, and the clamp comprises a chuck and a rotary power mechanism for driving the chuck to rotate.

[0008] In a second aspect, the present application provides a drilling construction method that adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A drilling construction method, using the above-mentioned drilling rig with continuous drilling and rod addition to perform drilling construction, comprises the following steps:

[0010] S1. Drilling preparation: Drill rod and drill bit are loaded into the drilling rig;

[0011] S2, drilling: the power head rotates forward and advances;

[0012] S3. Unloading the drill rod: the clamp is clamped and rotated forward, and the power head stops drilling or reverses;

[0013] S4, power head moves backward;

[0014] S5, Add rod:

[0015] S51, placing the drill pipe to be connected between the power head and the clamp;

[0016] S52, the power head rotates forward and advances, tightening the first joint;

[0017] S53, the power head rotates forward and advances. At this time, the speed of the power head is higher than the speed of the gripper, and the second joint is tightened;

[0018] S54, the clamp is released;

[0019] Repeat steps S2-S5 to perform drilling construction.

[0020] The present application includes the following beneficial technical effects: the drill rod in the borehole can be rotated continuously, the drill cuttings are kept in motion, and the cuttings are continuously discharged, which greatly reduces the possibility of drill jamming and drill sticking accidents caused by drilling stoppage and blockage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a drilling rig that does not stop drilling and adding rods according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the body is hidden in the figure;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Right view;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the AA axis;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the clamping device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the working status of the rod adding operation Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Cross-sectional view in CC direction;

[0029] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the working status of the rod adding operation Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the working status of the rod adding operation Figure 3 ;

[0031] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Cross-sectional view along the DD direction;

[0032] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the chuck in the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Cross-sectional view along the EE direction;

[0034] Figure 14 for Figure 12 Cross-sectional view in the FF direction;

[0035] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the piston in the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 16 for Figure 15 Left view of;

[0037] Figure 17 for Figure 16 Cross-sectional view along the GG axis;

[0038] Figure 18 This is a schematic structural diagram of the transmission wheel in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 19 for Figure 18 The main view;

[0040] Figure 20 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first slip frame in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 21 for Figure 20 The main view;

[0042] Figure 22 for Figure 21 Cross-sectional view of middle HH;

[0043] Figure 23 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second slip frame in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 24 for Figure 23 The main view;

[0045] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slips in the embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 26 It is a partial cross-sectional view showing the assembly relationship of the chuck parts in the embodiment of the present application.

[0047] Description of reference numerals:

[0048] 1. Body;

[0049] 2. Drill rod conveying mechanism; 21. Hydraulic motor; 22. Chain drive assembly; 23. Container; 24. Travel positioning component;

[0050] 3. Mounting seat; 31. Through hole;

[0051] 4. Rotary mechanism;

[0052] 5. Drill rod loading and unloading mechanism; 51. Bracket; 511. Guide groove; 52. Mounting frame; 53. Telescopic assembly; 54. Rotating assembly; 55. First oil cylinder; 56. Clamping slips; 57. Second oil cylinder; 58. Travel limiter;

[0053] 6. Linear feed mechanism;

[0054] 7. Rotating power mechanism; 71. Transmission cover; 72. Hydraulic motor; 73. Transmission mechanism; 74. Transmission housing; 75. Planetary carrier; 76. Main shaft; 77. Through hole;

[0055] 8. Chuck; 81. Housing; 811. End cover; 812. Cylinder; 82. Flow channel; 83. Oil chamber; 84. First slip holder; 841. Holder; 842. Boss; 843. Accommodating groove; 844. Fixing hole; 845. Through hole; 85. Second slip holder; 851. Protruding tooth; 86. Piston; 861. Plug body; 862. Sealing groove; 863. Assembly groove; 864. Guide groove; 865. Mounting hole; 866. First oblique tooth; 87. Elastic member; 88. Transmission wheel; 881. Groove; 882. Waist hole; 883. Rod hole; 884. Second oblique tooth; 89. Slip; 891. Pin hole; 892. Arc end; 893. Chamfered surface; 810. Sealing member;

[0056] 9. Power head; 91. Speed ​​reducer; 92. First drive assembly; 93. Second drive assembly;

[0057] 10. Drill pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following is combined with Figure 1-26 This application is described in further detail.

[0059] The embodiment of the present application discloses a drilling rig capable of adding rods without stopping drilling.

[0060] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The drilling rig that drills and adds rods continuously includes a drilling rig main body, which includes a linear feed mechanism 6, a power head 9 and a clamp. The power head 9 and the clamp are installed on the linear feed mechanism 6. The clamp includes a chuck 8 and a rotating power mechanism 7 for driving the chuck to rotate.

[0061] The linear feed mechanism 6 can be a slide rail, the clamp is installed at one end of the linear feed mechanism 6 and fixed in position, and the power head 9 is installed at the other end of the linear feed mechanism 6. The power head 9 can move back and forth linearly along the linear feed mechanism 6.

[0062] The power head 9 includes a reduction gearbox 91, a first drive assembly 92, and a second drive assembly 93. The first drive assembly 92 and the second drive assembly 93 are mounted on the reduction gearbox 91. The first drive assembly 92 can be a hydraulic motor, preferably a speed-adjustable hydraulic motor, for driving the drill rod 10 to rotate; the second drive assembly 93 can be a hydraulic cylinder for driving the power head 9 to move back and forth along the slide rail to drive the drill rod 10 forward or backward to unload the rod.

[0063] In other embodiments of the embodiments of the present application, the linear feed mechanism 6 and the power head 9 can also be structures in the prior art, such as the equivalent power heads and linear feed mechanisms in application numbers 202221854994.X, 202122393372.3, 201620923506.4, 201920254858.9, 201720904684.7, 201620702353.0, and 201420675030.8.

[0064] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The rotary power mechanism 7 includes a gearbox, a transmission mechanism 73 and a hydraulic motor 72. The transmission mechanism 73 is arranged between the hydraulic motor 72 and the chuck 8 and is located in the gearbox. The gearbox has a main shaft 76 arranged coaxially with the chuck 8. The main shaft 76 is fixed to the chuck 8. The gearbox is provided with a through hole 77 for the drill rod 10 to pass through at the position corresponding to the main shaft 76.

[0065] The gearbox includes a gearbox housing 74 and a gearbox cover 71 that form a cavity. The gearbox cover 71 can be fixed to the end surface of the gearbox housing 74 by bolts. The hydraulic motor 72 can be connected to the gearbox by bolts, and the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 72 is connected to the transmission mechanism 73.

[0066] The transmission mechanism 73 includes a bevel gear pair, which is arranged between the hydraulic motor 72 and the main shaft 76 . The driving gear of the bevel gear pair is connected to the hydraulic motor 72 , and the driven gear of the bevel gear pair is connected to the main shaft 76 .

[0067] Transmission mechanism 73 also includes a planetary gear assembly, which is positioned between spindle 76 and chuck 8. The planetary gear assembly includes a planet carrier 75, which is rotatably connected to the transmission case, perhaps via bearings. The input end of the planetary gear assembly is connected to spindle 76, and the output end of the planetary gear assembly is connected to chuck 8. The planetary gear assembly and the bevel gear pair form a two-stage reduction mechanism. The planet carrier 75 and turntable 8 can be connected via threads.

[0068] It is understandable that in other implementations of the embodiment of the present application, the transmission mechanism 73 may also only include a bevel gear pair, in which case the main shaft 76 and the chuck 8 are directly coaxially fixedly connected.

[0069] Alternatively, the transmission mechanism 73 only includes a planetary gear assembly, which is arranged between the hydraulic motor 72 and the chuck 8. The planetary gear assembly includes a planetary carrier 75, which is rotatably connected to the gearbox, and the rotation method can be connected through a bearing. The input end of the planetary gear assembly is connected to the hydraulic motor 72, and the output end of the planetary gear assembly is connected to the chuck 8.

[0070] Alternatively, the transmission mechanism 73 includes other gear sets, and the gear sets can form a reduction transmission.

[0071] The present application also discloses a drilling construction method, which uses the above-mentioned drilling rig with continuous drilling and rod addition, including the following steps:

[0072] S1. Drilling preparation: Drill rod 10 and drill bit are installed into the drilling rig;

[0073] S2, drilling: the power head 9 rotates forward and advances;

[0074] S3, unloading the drill rod 10: the clamper clamps and rotates forward, and the power head 9 stops drilling or reverses;

[0075] S4, the power head 9 moves backward;

[0076] S5, Add rod:

[0077] S51, placing the drill pipe 10 to be connected between the power head 9 and the clamp;

[0078] S52, the power head 9 rotates forward and advances, tightening the first joint;

[0079] S53, the power head 9 rotates forward and advances. At this time, the speed of the power head 9 is higher than the speed of the clamp, and the second joint is tightened;

[0080] S54, the clamp is released;

[0081] Repeat steps S2-S5 to perform drilling construction.

[0082] When the non-stop drilling and rod-adding drilling rig is used for construction, the drill rod in the borehole can be kept rotating, the drill cuttings are kept in motion, and the cuttings are continuously discharged, which greatly reduces the possibility of drill sticking or jamming accidents caused by drilling stoppage.

[0083] In order to utilize the speed difference to add and remove drill rods 10, when the drill rod 10 is in the added state, the rotational speed of the chuck 8 driven by the rotary power mechanism 7 is less than the rotational speed of the power head 9. The drill rod 10 being in the added state means that a drill rod 10 is clamped in the clamp, and another drill rod 10 to be added is coaxially threadedly connected to the drill rod 10 in the clamp. Depending on the needs, the rotary power mechanism 7 and the power head 9 can use hydraulic motors with fixed speeds or motors with adjustable speeds. Regardless of the selected form, the rotational speed of the chuck 8 driven by the rotary power mechanism 7 must be less than the rotational speed of the power head 9 when the drill rod 10 is in the added state.

[0084] Combine Figure 1 The non-stop drilling and rod-adding drilling rig also includes a body 1, a mounting base 3 provided on the body 1, and a slewing mechanism 4 connected to the mounting base 3. The slewing mechanism 4 includes a fixed portion and a rotating portion. The fixed portion is fixedly connected to the mounting base 3, and the rotating portion is used to connect to an external drilling rig mainframe. In this way, the drilling rig mainframe can be adjusted according to the drilling angle to meet different drilling requirements.

[0085] In order to achieve drilling at different heights, a lifting mechanism is further provided between the mounting base 3 and the machine body 1 . The lifting mechanism includes a lifting hydraulic cylinder for driving the mounting base 3 to move up and down along the column on the machine body 1 .

[0086] In actual construction, the demand for drill rods 10 is high, and the drill rods 10 are generally stored on the machine body 1. Since the drill rods 10 are located on the main body of the drill rig when adding drill rods, the drill rods 10 are stored on the machine body 1. Currently, there are two main methods for loading and unloading drill rods: one is to use a robotic arm to bypass the drill rods 10 from above the mounting seat 3, which has high requirements for the height of the drilling site; the other is to use a robotic arm to bypass the drill rods 10 from the side of the mounting seat 3, which has high requirements for the width of the drilling site. When the drilling site space is limited, existing drilling rigs cannot add or unload drill rods.

[0087] In order to solve the above problems, the drilling rig that does not stop drilling and adding rods also includes a drill rod loading and unloading device. Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5The drill rod loading and unloading device includes a drill rod conveying mechanism 2 and a drill rod loading and unloading mechanism 5. The drill rod conveying mechanism 2 and the drill rod loading and unloading mechanism 5 are connected to the mounting seat 3. The mounting seat 3 is provided with a through hole 31 for the drill rod 10 to pass through; the drill rod loading and unloading mechanism 5 includes a clamping assembly, a rotating assembly 54 and a telescopic assembly 53. The clamping assembly is used to clamp the drill rod 10. The rotating assembly 54 is connected to the clamping assembly and can drive the clamping assembly to rotate. The rotation axis is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the axis of the through hole 31. The telescopic assembly 53 is connected to the rotating assembly 54 and can drive the rotating assembly 54 to move; the drill rod 10 can pass through the through hole 31 and move to be clamped by the clamping assembly under the drive of the drill rod conveying mechanism 2.

[0088] The drill rod conveying mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting seat 3 away from the rotating mechanism 4. No matter how much inclination the drilling rig main body uses to drill holes, the drill rod conveying mechanism 2 always remains fixed in position with the mounting seat 3 and does not rotate with the drilling rig main body and the rotating mechanism 4, and does not affect the insertion and removal operations of the drill rod 10.

[0089] The drill rod conveying mechanism 2 includes a container 23 and a linear reciprocating motion component connected to the container 23. The linear reciprocating motion component includes a chain transmission mechanism 22 and a hydraulic motor 21. The hydraulic motor 21 is installed at one end of the chain transmission mechanism 22 and drives the chain transmission mechanism 22 to move linearly.

[0090] The holder 23 has a clamping opening in which the drill rod 10 can be elastically clamped. This prevents the drill rod 10 from slipping off the holder 23 when the drilling rig's work surface is uneven and tilted downward toward the drill rig, thereby ensuring stable transport of the drill rod 10. When the drill rod 10 is clamped in the holder 23, the axis of the drill rod 23 coincides with the axis of the through hole 31 in the mounting base 3.

[0091] In order to accurately transport the drill rod 10 to the required position, the drill rod conveying mechanism 2 also includes a stroke positioning member 24. The stroke positioning member 24 can be a limit switch, such as a pressure contact switch, an infrared switch, etc. Here, the stroke positioning member 24 uses a pressure contact switch, and the stroke positioning member 24 is connected to the chain transmission mechanism.

[0092] In other implementations of the embodiment of the present application, the linear reciprocating motion component can also adopt other existing structures, such as linear slides, linear motors, cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, etc., which can drive the container 23 to move linearly and reciprocatingly.

[0093] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 One end of the telescopic component 53 is connected to the rotating part of the slewing mechanism 4, and the other end is connected to the rotating component 54. In this way, the drill rod loading and unloading mechanism 5 and the drilling rig mainframe keep rotating synchronously with the slewing mechanism 4. There is no need to identify the drilling inclination angle and set up an additional structure to achieve the synchronous inclination angle, which simplifies the structure of the drill rod loading and unloading mechanism 5.

[0094] The telescopic assembly 53 includes a telescopic cylinder or a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, and the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder or the double-acting hydraulic cylinder can be fixedly connected to the rotating part of the slewing mechanism 4 by bolts.

[0095] The drill rod handling mechanism 5 also includes a bracket 51 and a mounting bracket 52. The bracket 51 is an L-shaped plate. One side of the bracket 51 is parallel to the axis of the through hole 31, and a guide slot 511 is defined along the axis of the through hole 31. The other side of the bracket 51 can be bolted to the rotating portion of the slewing mechanism 4. The end of the mounting bracket 52 extends into the guide slot 511 and slides relative to it. The guide slot 511 has a dovetail cross-section, allowing the mounting bracket 52 to be suspended from the bracket 51.

[0096] The rotating assembly 54 is connected to the mounting frame 52, and the piston rod of the telescopic assembly 53 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 52. In this way, the telescopic assembly 53 drives the mounting frame 52 to move, thereby driving the rotating assembly 54 to move. Preferably, the telescopic assembly 53 drives the rotating assembly 54 to move in a direction parallel to the axis of the through hole 31.

[0097] refer to Figure 4 The rotating assembly 54 may be a rotating motor or a rotating cylinder, or other mechanical rotating mechanism capable of centering rotation. Preferably, the rotating assembly 54 has a rotation angle range of 0°-90°. Thus, after the clamping assembly clamps the drill rod 10 and moves to the drilling axis of the drilling rig, the rotating assembly 54 can simply rotate 90° to align or substantially align the axis of the drill rod 10 with the drilling axis of the drilling rig.

[0098] The clamping assembly includes two split slips and a power unit for moving the two slips toward or away from each other. The slips are clamping slips 56, and the power unit includes a cylinder. The clamping slips 56 are bolted to the piston ends of the cylinders. The cylinders are divided into a first cylinder 56 and a second cylinder 57. The piston cross-sectional area of ​​the second cylinder 57 is larger than that of the first cylinder 56, and the second cylinder 57 is equipped with a travel limiter 58. When the same pressure is supplied to both cylinders simultaneously, the end with the larger piston area experiences greater force. The travel limit on this end ensures that the center is maintained consistently during each clamping operation.

[0099] The cylinder bodies of the first oil cylinder 56 and the second oil cylinder 57 can be connected and fixed as a whole by a connecting plate. The cylinder body of the first oil cylinder 56 and the rotating component 54 can be fixed by bolts, so that when the rotating component 54 drives the first oil cylinder 56 to rotate, the second oil cylinder 57 keeps rotating synchronously.

[0100] refer to Figures 7 to 11When adding a drill rod 10, the various mechanisms operate as follows: The drill rod 10 is placed in the holder 23 of the drill rod conveying mechanism 2. The linear reciprocating assembly drives the holder 23 and the drill rod 10 toward the drill rig. The drill rod 10 passes through the through-hole 31 of the mounting base 3 and moves to the clamping assembly. The clamping assembly clamps the drill rod 10. The telescopic assembly 53 extends, driving the clamping assembly and the drill rod 10 toward the drill rig until the clamping assembly is aligned with the drill rig's drilling axis. The rotation assembly 54 then rotates the drill rod 10 90° forward, aligning or substantially aligning the axis of the drill rod 10 with the drill rig's drilling axis.

[0101] The power head 9 of the main drilling rig rotates forward and tightens the first joint of the drill rod 10. At this time, the clamping assembly releases the drill rod 10, the telescopic assembly 53 retracts, and the rotating assembly 54 reverses 90 degrees.

[0102] The linear reciprocating assembly can move in the reverse direction to reset the drill rod 10 after the drill rod 10 is clamped by the clamping assembly so as to place the drill rod 10 again. The above process can be repeated to continuously connect drill rods.

[0103] In order to avoid interference between the clamping assembly and the drill rod 10 during the retraction of the telescopic assembly 53, when the rotating assembly 54 rotates 90° forward, one side of the connecting plate of the clamping assembly is set close to the telescopic assembly 53, so that the other side of the clamping assembly forms an opening for retreating the drill rod 10.

[0104] In order to ensure that the axis of the drill rod 10 coincides with the drilling axis of the drilling rig mainframe when the rotating assembly 54 rotates 90° forward, the axis of the through hole 31 on the mounting seat 3 intersects perpendicularly with the axis of the power head 9 of the drilling rig mainframe, or when the rotation angle of the rotating assembly 54 is 0°, the clamping center axis of the clamping assembly intersects perpendicularly with the drilling axis of the drilling rig mainframe.

[0105] In other embodiments of the present application, the first oil cylinder 56 and the second oil cylinder 57 can also be arranged on the left and right, so that the connecting plate of the two oil cylinders is located at the top, and the telescopic component 53 can also be located at the top. Figure 4 The rotating assembly 54 is driven to move up and down in the vertical direction.

[0106] In order to facilitate the automated picking and placing of the drill rod 10 , a drill rod picking and placing mechanism for grabbing and placing the drill rod may be installed on the machine body 1 . The drill rod picking and placing mechanism may be an arm robot.

[0107] The chuck 8 can be a chuck in the current state of the art, such as a rubber cartridge chuck or other structural chucks. Frequent tightening and loosening of the rubber cartridge and friction between the rubber cartridge and the slips can easily damage the rubber cartridge, rendering the chuck inoperable. Therefore, a new chuck 8 has been designed in this application.

[0108] refer to Figures 12 to 14The chuck 8 includes a shell 81 and a piston 86, a transmission wheel 88, a slip frame and a slip 89 located in the shell 81. The piston 86, the transmission wheel 88 and the slip frame are coaxially arranged, and the slip frame is relatively fixed to the shell 81; the shell 81, the slip frame and the transmission wheel 88 are provided with a rod hole 883 along the axis for the drill rod 10 to pass through, and the slip frame is connected to at least two slips 89, and the slips 89 move radially relative to the slip frame; a waist hole 882 is provided on the transmission wheel 88, and the slips 89 are connected to the transmission wheel 88 by a pin shaft passing through the waist hole 882, and the pin shaft can move along the waist hole 882, and the distance from the center of one end of the waist hole 882 to the center of the other end to the center of the central axis of the transmission wheel 88 gradually increases or decreases; the inner wall of the piston 86 is engaged with the outer wall of the transmission wheel 88, and the piston 86 moves axially relative to the shell 81 and can drive the transmission wheel 88 to rotate circumferentially.

[0109] refer to Figure 12 The shell 81 includes a cylinder 812 and end covers 811 provided at both ends of the cylinder 812. The end covers 811 and the cylinder 812 can be fixed by bolts, and the connection is sealed.

[0110] refer to Figures 15 to 17 The piston 86 includes a tubular plug body 861. The outer wall of the plug body 861 is provided with a sealing groove 862. The sealing groove 862 is used to accommodate a sealing member 810, thereby sealing the piston 86 with the housing 81. The sealing member 810 may be a rubber sealing ring. A circular assembly groove 863 with decreasing inner diameter and a mounting hole 865 are sequentially formed at one end and the middle of the plug body 861. The inner wall of the assembly groove 863 is provided with a guide groove 864 along the busbar direction. There may be multiple guide grooves 864 and they are arranged around the inner wall of the assembly groove 864. The inner wall of the mounting hole 865 is provided with a first beveled tooth 866, which may be a spiral tooth. The inner wall of the plug body 861 away from the assembly groove 863 is also provided with a sealing groove 862.

[0111] refer to Figure 18 and Figure 19 The transmission wheel 88 is cylindrical in shape. The outer circumferential wall of the transmission wheel 88 is provided with second helical teeth 884. The second helical teeth 884 are spiral teeth. The transmission wheel 88 and the piston 86 are meshed with the first helical teeth 866 and the second helical teeth 884, so that when the piston 86 moves axially relative to the housing 81, it can drive the transmission wheel 88 to rotate circumferentially.

[0112] The end surfaces of both sides of the transmission wheel 88 are concave to form a circular groove 881, and the waist hole 882 can pass through the transmission wheel 88 and be arranged around the rod hole 883. The shape outline of the waist hole 882 here is an arc hole. According to needs, the shape of the waist hole 882 can also be a straight line or J shape.

[0113] It should be noted that the distribution of the waist hole 882 on the transmission wheel 88 can be: the distance from the center of one end of the waist hole 882 to the center of the other end gradually increases or decreases from the center of the central axis of the transmission wheel 88, in the figure OM=r1, ON=r2, r1>r2; or, the distance from the center of one end of the waist hole 882 to the center axis of the transmission wheel 88 is greater than the distance from the center of the other end to the center axis of the transmission wheel 88, and the distance from the middle position of the two ends of the waist hole 882 to the center axis of the transmission wheel 88 has a contour shape that first increases and then decreases, or first decreases and then increases, such as S-shape, broken line shape, etc. It can also be considered that there are positions A and B on the waist hole 882, and the distance from position A to the center axis of the transmission wheel 88 is greater than the distance from position B to the center axis of the transmission wheel 88. When the transmission wheel 88 rotates, the pin shaft can move between position A and position B; when the pin shaft is at position A, the cava 89 moves away from the center of the rod hole 883, and the chuck 8 is in a loose state; when the pin shaft is at position B, the cava 89 moves toward the center of the rod hole 882, and the chuck 8 is in a clamped state.

[0114] The housing 81, piston 86, and slip frame form an oil chamber 83, with all connections sealed. The piston 86 can move along its axis relative to the housing 81 under oil pressure. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the oil chamber 83 can also be an air chamber, allowing the piston 86 to move along its axis relative to the housing 81 under air pressure. Alternatively, the housing 81 can be provided with a mechanism for driving the linear motion of the piston 86, such as a motor, a magnetic mechanism, an air cylinder, an oil cylinder, or other linear reciprocating mechanism.

[0115] In order to facilitate the chuck 8 to be in a normally open or normally closed state, that is, when the hydraulic oil is not passed, the chuck 8 is in a loosened or clamped state, an elastic member 87 is provided between the piston 86 and the housing 81. The elastic member 87 can be a spring.

[0116] refer to Figure 12 There are two cava frames and they are distributed on both sides of the transmission wheel 88. The cava frames are divided into a first cava frame 84 and a second cava frame 85. The first cava frame 84 is arranged close to the oil chamber 83 and is fixed to the housing 81 by bolts. The second cava frame 85 is arranged away from the oil chamber 83. A limit portion for limiting circumferential rotation is provided between the second cava frame 85 and the piston 86.

[0117] Combine Figures 20 to 24The first slip frame 84 includes a cylindrical frame body 841, one end of which is integrally fixedly connected to a boss 842 with a smaller outer diameter. The outer diameter of the boss 842 matches the inner diameter of the groove 881 of the transmission wheel 88, so that the boss 842 of the first slip frame 84 can extend into the groove 881. A through-hole 845 is provided in the center of the first slip frame 84. The diameter of the through-hole 845 is larger than the diameter of the drill rod 10 so that the drill rod 10 can pass through. The first slip frame 84 is provided with a plurality of receiving grooves 843 along the radial direction. The receiving grooves 843 are used to accommodate the slips 89. One end of the receiving groove 843 is connected to the through-hole 845, and the other end of the receiving groove 843 is in an arc shape. The first slip frame 84 is also provided with a fixing hole 844, through which the first slip frame 84 is fixedly connected to the end cover 811 of the shell 81. Preferably, the fixing hole 844 is formed at one end of the receiving groove 843 away from the through hole 845 , and the fixing hole 844 is a countersunk hole. In other embodiments, the fixing hole 844 can also be formed on the area of ​​the frame 841 between the receiving grooves 843 .

[0118] The second slip frame 85 can have the same or different structure as the first slip frame 84. The difference between the second slip frame 85 and the first slip frame 84 lies in the elimination of the fixing hole 844. Instead, the outer wall of the frame body 841, near the boss 842, is provided with a protruding tooth 851. The protruding tooth 851 cooperates with the guide groove 864 on the inner wall of the piston 86 to form a stopper that restricts circumferential rotation. The guide groove 864 on the piston 86 and the protruding tooth 851 on the second slip frame 85 are both arranged parallel to the axis. The number of guide grooves 864 and protruding teeth 851 can be selected as needed. When the number of guide grooves 864 and protruding teeth 851 is at least three, the guide grooves 864 and protruding teeth 851 can be distributed circumferentially, preferably evenly.

[0119] refer to Figure 25 The slip 89 is a block-shaped structure, and is provided with a pin hole 891 for the pin shaft to pass through. The slip 89 cooperates with the receiving groove 843 on the slip frame. One end of the slip 89 is provided with an arc end 892, and the other end of the slip 89 is provided with a chamfered surface 893.

[0120] refer to Figure 26 The operating principle of the assembled chuck 8 is as follows: the piston 86 moves along the axis relative to the housing 81, driving the drive wheel 88 in circumferential rotation. The pin moves relative to the waist hole 882 of the drive wheel 88, causing the slips 89 connected to the pin to move radially along the slip frame. When the drive wheel 88 rotates in the forward direction, the slips 89 move radially along the slip frame toward the rod hole 883, allowing the chuck 8 to clamp the drill rod 10. When the drive wheel 88 rotates in the reverse direction, the slips 89 move radially away from the rod hole 883, releasing the drill rod 10.

[0121] It can be understood that the receiving groove 883 on the cava frame is for guiding the cava 89. Therefore, in other embodiments, the receiving groove 883 on the cava frame can be eliminated, the cava frame is provided with radially convex strips, and the cava 89 is provided with a sliding groove that cooperates with the convex strips. At this time, the cava 89 can also move radially relative to the cava frame through the cooperation of the sliding groove and the convex strips.

[0122] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A drilling rig capable of continuously drilling and adding rods, comprising a main drilling rig, wherein the main drilling rig comprises a linear feed mechanism (6), a power head (9) and a clamp, wherein the power head (9) and the clamp are mounted on the linear feed mechanism (6), and wherein: The invention also includes a drill rod loading and unloading device, wherein the clamp includes a chuck (8) and a rotary power mechanism (7) for driving the chuck (8) to rotate. The chuck (8) includes a housing (81) and a piston (86), a transmission wheel (88), a slip frame and a slip (89) located in the housing (81). The piston (86), the transmission wheel (88) and the slip frame are coaxially arranged. The slip frame and the housing (81) are relatively fixed. The housing (81), the piston (86) and the slip frame form an oil chamber (83). Each connection part is sealed. The housing (81), the slip frame and the transmission wheel (88) are provided with a through hole (883) along the axis for the drill rod (10) to pass through. The slip frame is connected to at least two chucks. The slips (89) move radially relative to the slip frame; a waist hole (882) is provided on the transmission wheel (88); the slips (89) are connected to the transmission wheel (88) through a pin shaft passing through the waist hole (882), and the pin shaft can move along the waist hole (882); the inner wall of the piston (86) is engaged with the outer wall of the transmission wheel (88), and the piston (86) moves axially relative to the housing (81) and can drive the transmission wheel (88) to rotate circumferentially; there are at least two positions on the waist hole (882) with different distances from the central axis of the transmission wheel (88), when the pin shaft moves to one of the positions, the chuck is in a loose state, and when the pin shaft moves to the other position, the chuck is in a clamped state.

2. The drilling rig for adding rods without stopping drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary power mechanism (7) comprises a gearbox, a transmission mechanism (73) and a hydraulic motor (72). The transmission mechanism (73) is arranged between the hydraulic motor (72) and the chuck (8) and is located in the gearbox. The gearbox has a main shaft (76) coaxially arranged with the chuck (8). The main shaft (76) and the chuck (8) are fixedly arranged. A through hole (77) for the drill rod (10) to pass through is provided in the gearbox at a position corresponding to the main shaft (76).

3. The drilling rig for adding rods without stopping drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (73) includes a bevel gear pair, which is arranged between the hydraulic motor (72) and the main shaft (76). The driving gear of the bevel gear pair is connected to the hydraulic motor (72), and the driven gear of the bevel gear pair is connected to the main shaft (76).

4. The drilling rig capable of adding rods without stopping drilling according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (73) includes a planetary gear assembly, which is arranged between the hydraulic motor (72) and the chuck (8), the input end of the planetary gear assembly is connected to the hydraulic motor (72), and the output end of the planetary gear assembly is connected to the chuck (8).

5. The drilling rig capable of adding rods without stopping drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: When the drill rod (10) is in the connected state, the rotation speed of the chuck (8) driven by the rotary power mechanism (7) is lower than the rotation speed of the power head (9).

6. The drilling rig for adding rods without stopping drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the drill rod (10) is in the connected state, the rotation speed of the chuck (8) driven by the rotary power mechanism (7) is lower than the rotation speed of the power head (9).

7. A drilling construction method, characterized in that: The drilling construction is performed using the drilling rig with non-stop drilling and rod adding according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps: S1, drilling preparation: the drill rod (10) and the drill bit are installed in the drilling rig; S2, drilling: the power head (9) rotates forward and advances; S3, unloading the drill rod (10): the clamp is clamped and rotated forward, and the power head (9) stops drilling or reverses; S4, the power head (9) moves backward; S5. Add rod: S51, placing the drill rod (10) to be connected between the power head (9) and the clamp; S52, the power head (9) rotates forward and advances, tightening the first joint; S53, the power head (9) rotates forward and advances, at which time the speed of the power head (9) is higher than the speed of the clamp, and the second joint is tightened; S54, the clamp is released; Repeat steps S2-S5 to perform drilling construction.

8. The drilling construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S54, after the chuck (8) of the clamper is released, the rotation power mechanism (7) stops running.

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