An automobile with a replaceable upper vehicle body and its chassis

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automobile with a replaceable upper vehicle body and its chassis. An electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device is provided on the chassis. The electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device includes a yoke, a first magnetic steel, two permanent magnets, two magnetic pole blocks and two coils; the yoke is fixedly arranged in the middle of the chassis, the yoke has a receiving recess, the two permanent magnets are located in the upper layer of the receiving recess, the first magnetic steel, the two magnetic pole blocks and the two coils are located in the lower layer of the receiving recess; the first magnetic steel has two mounting recesses, the two coils are respectively wound around the outer circumferences of the two magnetic pole blocks and are respectively placed inside the two mounting recesses, and the two magnetic pole blocks are respectively located below the two permanent magnets. With such a setting, on the basis of ensuring the electrification characteristics of the skateboard chassis, by controlling the positive and negative pulsed currents, the upper and lower vehicle bodies can be disassembled, assembled and fastened conveniently and quickly. In the process of vehicle production or the maintenance of electric vehicles, energy and time costs can be saved, and the production efficiency can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly to an automobile with a replaceable upper body and its chassis. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing popularity of the daily use of intelligent electric vehicles, the field of intelligent electric vehicles is gradually influencing and changing the way of manufacturing traditional automobiles. At present, the integrated, by-wire and intelligent design of automobile chassis has become the key research and development direction in the industry. Compared with the design and manufacture of traditional automobiles, the skateboard chassis technology separates the chassis and the body of the vehicle. Among them, full integration and by-wire are the main features of this chassis technology, which can integrate all the capability modules of intelligent electric vehicles, such as but not limited to power, braking, steering, thermal management, three electrics (power electric, control electric and information electric), and autonomous driving, etc.

[0003] In order to achieve flexible combination to the greatest extent and shorten the development and iteration cycle, the skateboard chassis is developed and manufactured based on the concept of "separating the upper and lower parts and decoupling development". The chassis and the body are developed and iterated independently, and they are connected through standardized interfaces.

[0004] In the prior art, the upper and lower vehicle body structures are generally connected by bolt fasteners. Usually, the upper and lower bodies are connected by traditional mechanical means such as bolts and dovetail grooves, which takes a relatively long time to replace structural parts, and easily destroys the integrity of the body and chassis of intelligent electric vehicles, which is neither convenient nor economical, and the assembly efficiency is not high.

[0005] In view of this, there is an urgent need to propose an improved design for the connection method of the upper and lower vehicle bodies for the skateboard chassis to conform to the electrification characteristics of the skateboard chassis and improve the disassembly and assembly efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an automobile with a replaceable upper body and its chassis, which can improve the convenience and reliability of disassembly and assembly operations on the basis of ensuring the electrification characteristics of the skateboard chassis through scheme optimization.

[0007] The vehicle and its chassis with a replaceable upper body provided by the present invention are used for a vehicle with a replaceable upper body. An electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device is arranged on the chassis. The electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device includes a yoke, a first magnet, two permanent magnets, two pole blocks and two coils. The yoke is fixedly arranged in the middle of the chassis. The yoke has a receiving recess. The first magnet, the two permanent magnets, the two pole blocks and the two coils are arranged in the receiving recess. The two permanent magnets are located in the upper layer and are spaced apart in a first direction. The first magnet, the two pole blocks and the two coils are located in the lower layer. The first magnet has two mounting recesses. The two coils are respectively wound around the outer circumferences of the two pole blocks and are respectively placed in the two mounting recesses. The two pole blocks are respectively located below the two permanent magnets.

[0008] Optionally, the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device further includes two second magnets. Along a second direction, the two second magnets are respectively located on both sides of the two permanent magnets.

[0009] Optionally, the first magnet is made of alnico magnet or samarium cobalt magnet.

[0010] Optionally, the second magnet is made of alnico magnet or samarium cobalt magnet.

[0011] Optionally, the permanent magnet is made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet.

[0012] Optionally, the void of the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device is filled with a sealing material.

[0013] Optionally, the sealing material is epoxy resin.

[0014] Optionally, above the receiving recess of the yoke, there is a top opening adapted to the upper body, and the cross-sectional dimension of the top opening is in a gradually changing shape with the upper part being larger and the lower part being smaller.

[0015] The present invention also provides a vehicle with a replaceable upper body, including a detachable and adaptable upper body and a chassis. The chassis is the chassis as described above.

[0016] Optionally, in the upper body and the chassis, a positioning pin column is arranged on one of them, and a positioning pin hole adapted to the positioning pin column is arranged on the other.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention proposes a solution for an automobile with a replaceable upper vehicle body in a novel way. Specifically, an electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device is provided on the chassis. The yoke of the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device is fixedly arranged in the middle of the chassis, and its first magnet, two permanent magnets, two magnetic pole blocks and two coils are all arranged in the accommodating recess of the yoke. Among them, the two permanent magnets are located in the upper layer and are spaced apart in the first direction; the first magnet, the two magnetic pole blocks and the two coils are located in the lower layer; the first magnet has two mounting recesses, the two coils are respectively wound around the outer peripheries of the two magnetic pole blocks and are respectively placed in the two mounting recesses, and the two magnetic pole blocks are respectively located below the two permanent magnets. With such an arrangement, based on the design concept of an electro-permanent magnet, two rare earth materials are used inside for the magnet and the permanent magnet respectively, so as to realize the combination or separation in the up-and-down vehicle direction by relying on the middle.

[0018] When the upper and lower vehicle bodies need to be combined, a positive pulse current is passed through the exciting coil, and the first magnet is magnetized and the magnetic field of the first magnet is superposed with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, generating a large suction force, which can meet the function of fastening the upper and lower vehicle bodies; when the upper and lower vehicle bodies need to be separated, a negative pulse current is passed through the exciting coil, which can reverse the N pole and S pole of the alnico first magnet; in this state, the magnetic fields of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet and the alnico first magnet cancel each other out inside the structure, and the magnetic force lines form a closed loop inside the structure, and basically no magnetic flux passes through the upper vehicle body, which facilitates the disassembly of the upper and lower vehicle bodies.

[0019] Overall, by controlling the positive and negative pulse currents, the purpose of conveniently and quickly disassembling, assembling and fastening the upper and lower vehicle bodies can be achieved. In the link of vehicle production or the link of repairing electric vehicles, energy and time costs can be saved, and production efficiency can be effectively improved. Compared with the traditional mechanical connection structure, the connection based on the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device has a more intelligent design, which is more conducive to improving the integrity of the upper and lower vehicle bodies and increasing the aesthetic degree of the vehicle chassis and body. Under normal conditions, the current connected to the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device can be a positive current to be in an adsorption state; in this way, based on the characteristic that the alnico magnet will be permanently magnetized, if there is no negative pulse current, the upper and lower vehicle bodies will be adsorbed together forever. Even when the whole vehicle is powered off, the electromagnetic structure is also in an adsorption state. Therefore, the driving safety of the vehicle can be guaranteed.

[0020] In an alternative solution of the present invention, the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device further includes two second magnets. Along the second direction, the two second magnets are respectively located on both sides of the two permanent magnets to cooperate with the first magnet to improve the overall adsorption capacity. In practical applications, the first magnet and the second magnet can be made of alnico magnets or samarium cobalt magnets to obtain good magnetic permeability and magnetic moment; the permanent magnet can be made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnets, cobalt iron boron magnetic materials or nickel iron boron magnetic materials, etc., and a reliable electro-permanent magnetic adsorption structure can be formed.

[0021] In another alternative of the present invention, a sealing material, such as but not limited to epoxy resin, is filled in the gap of the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device to play a sealing role and effectively prevent liquid from entering the interior of the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device and burning out the coil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a vehicle with a replaceable upper body described in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a top view of the vehicle shown in;

[0024] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a sectional view taken along line A-A of;

[0025] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a sectional view taken along line B-B of;

[0026] Figure 5 is Figure 3 a sectional view taken along line C-C of;

[0027] Figure 6 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field line distribution of the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device in the combined state described in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 7 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field line distribution of the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device in the separated state described in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 8 FIG. is a block diagram of the electronic control principle of the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device described in an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] In the figure:

[0031] chassis 10, upper body 20, electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device 30;

[0032] yoke 1, receiving recess 11, top opening 12, permanent magnet 2, pole block 3, epoxy resin 4, first magnet 5, mounting recess 51, coil 6, positioning pin 7, second magnet 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Term Explanation:

[0035] Skateboard chassis technology: Based on drive-by-wire technology, the mechanical connection structures of systems such as the throttle, brakes, and steering on traditional cars are eliminated. Highly integrated electrified control units and three-electric technologies are adopted to improve the integration and flatness of the vehicle chassis. Among them, the design of separating the body from the chassis makes the vehicle chassis resemble a smooth "skateboard", and the upper and lower vehicle bodies can be decoupled through the reserved electrical interfaces, and the upper and lower vehicle bodies can be combined differently according to needs.

[0036] Electro-permanent magnetic adsorption technology: Using the electromagnetic principle, when the internal coil is energized, a strong magnetic force is generated, which can adsorb the structure in contact with its surface, connect the two structures, and the disappearance and appearance of the magnetic force can be realized by changing the current direction of the coil.

[0037] Magnetic yoke: It does not generate a magnetic field (magnetic lines of force) itself and only serves as a structure for transmitting magnetic lines of force in the magnetic circuit. Magnetic yokes are generally made of soft iron, A3 steel, and soft magnetic alloys with relatively high magnetic permeability.

[0038] Permanent magnet: It is a material that can maintain its magnetic properties for a long time. It can maintain its magnetism without an external magnetic field, so it is also called a self-magnetic material. For example, neodymium iron boron permanent magnet (NdFeB) is a permanent magnet material based on metal compounds, with extremely high magnetic energy product and coercivity.

[0039] Magnetic steel: It is a material that requires an external magnetic field to maintain its magnetism. It can generate a magnetic moment under the action of an external magnetic field. For example, alnico magnetic steel (AlNiCo) is an alloy magnetic steel composed of elements such as iron, cobalt, nickel, and aluminum, with relatively high magnetic permeability and magnetic moment, and is used to make super-hard permanent magnet alloys.

[0040] Without loss of generality, in this embodiment, the car shown in the figure is used as the description object, and the implementation scheme of the car with a replaceable upper body and its chassis is described in detail. It should be understood that the vehicle model of this car and the size relationship between its upper and lower bodies are not the core invention points of this application and do not constitute a substantial limitation to the technical solution claimed in this application.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , where Figure 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of a car with a replaceable upper body described in the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is Figure 1 the top view of the car shown in

[0042] The vehicle includes a chassis 10 and an upper body 20 that can be assembled separately. Among them, the chassis 10 can be formed by using a skateboard bottom plate technology, and an electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device 30 is arranged between the chassis 10 and the upper body 20. Here, the front-rear direction of the vehicle body is defined as the second direction X, and the width direction of the vehicle body is defined as the first direction Y to clearly show the relative position relationship of the relevant components or structures in this solution.

[0043] The electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device 30 is arranged at the middle position of the chassis 10 and is formed based on the design concept of an electro-permanent magnet. Two rare earth materials are used inside it for the magnetic steel and the permanent magnet respectively. For example, but not limited to, alnico with high magnetic permeability and magnetic moment for forming the magnetic steel, and neodymium iron boron for forming the permanent magnet. In specific implementation, the specific size of the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device 30 and its configuration position on the chassis 10 can be determined according to the overall design of the actual product, rather than being limited to the example scheme shown in the figure.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 together, where Figure 3 is Figure 1 the A-A sectional view of Figure 4 is Figure 3 the B-B sectional view of Figure 5 is Figure 3 the C-C sectional view of

[0045] Combined with Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device 30 mainly consists of a yoke 1, a first magnetic steel 5, a permanent magnet 2, a pole piece 3, and a coil 6.

[0046] Among them, the yoke 1 is used to be fixed to the chassis 10 and serves as the basic structure of the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device 30. The yoke 1 has a receiving recess 11, and there is a top opening 12 above the receiving recess 11 that is adapted to the bottom of the upper body 20.

[0047] In order to ensure the assembly accuracy between the upper body 20 and the yoke 1 in the first direction Y and the second direction X, in this implementation scheme, the cross-sections of the top opening 12 and the bottom of the upper body 20 that are adapted to each other are both trapezoidal in shape. During the assembly operation, on the one hand, it can play a role in installation guidance and facilitate quick assembly in place; at the same time, it can perform position-limiting in two dimensions of the first direction Y and the second direction X to ensure the assembly accuracy between the two.

[0048] In other specific implementations, the cross-sectional dimensions of the inner wall of the top opening 12 and the outer periphery of the bottom of the upper body 20 that are adapted to each other can also adopt other gradually changing structures with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part, as long as it can reliably ensure that the assembly accuracy between the two is within the scope claimed in this application.

[0049] In this embodiment, two permanent magnets 2, two magnetic pole blocks 3, two coils 6 and a first magnetic steel 5 are arranged in the receiving recess 11 of the yoke 1.

[0050] Among them, the two permanent magnets 2 are located in the upper layer and are spaced apart in the first direction Y; correspondingly, the two magnetic pole blocks 3, the two coils 6 and the first magnetic steel 5 are located in the lower layer. The first magnetic steel 5 has two mounting recesses 51. The two coils 6 are respectively wound around the outer peripheries of the two magnetic pole blocks 3 and are respectively placed inside the two mounting recesses 51, and the two magnetic pole blocks 3 are respectively located below the two permanent magnets 2.

[0051] To further improve the adsorption capacity, this embodiment further includes two second magnetic steels 8, which are located in the upper layer. As Figure 4 shown, along the second direction X, the two second magnetic steels 8 are respectively located on both sides of the two permanent magnets 2, and the structural layout is reasonable and compact.

[0052] In addition, after assembly, epoxy resin 4 can be further filled in the gaps of the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device. As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the epoxy resin 4 is at least formed on the outer periphery of each permanent magnet 2 to play a sealing role and effectively prevent liquid from entering the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device and burning out the coil.

[0053] In specific implementation, the epoxy resin 4 for sealing is not limited to using epoxy resin material. In different application scenarios, other insulating and sealing materials can also be used according to actual needs.

[0054] In other specific implementations, the permanent magnet 2 can also be made of other materials, such as, but not limited to, cobalt-iron-boron magnetic material or nickel-iron-boron magnetic material, etc.; similarly, the first magnetic steel 5 and the second magnetic steel 8 can also be made of other materials, such as, but not limited to, samarium-cobalt magnet (Samarium-cobalt, abbreviated as SmCo) and other materials.

[0055] For an automobile with a replaceable upper body, based on this electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device 30, the combination or separation between the upper body 20 and the chassis 10 can be quickly realized. Please also refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 the schematic diagram of the magnetic field line distribution during combination and separation shown.

[0056] When the upper and lower bodies need to be combined, a positive pulse current is passed through the excitation coil 6. The coil 6 can form a magnetic field to magnetize the alnico first magnetic steel 5 inside it. The magnetic field of the first magnetic steel 5 and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 2 are superimposed on each other to generate a large suction force. As Figure 6 shown in the magnetic field line distribution during combination, it can meet the function of fastening the upper and lower bodies.

[0057] When the upper and lower vehicle bodies need to be separated, a reverse pulse current is passed through the excitation coil 6, which can reverse the N and S poles of the alnico first permanent magnet 5. In this state, the magnetic fields of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet 2 and the alnico first permanent magnet 5 cancel each other out inside the structure, and the magnetic force lines form a closed loop inside the structure, and basically no magnetic flux passes through the upper vehicle body 20. In other words, the magnetic attraction force of the electro-permanent magnet adsorption device 30 on the upper vehicle body 20 approaches zero, as Figure 7 shown in the magnetic force line distribution during separation, at this time the upper and lower vehicle bodies can be disassembled.

[0058] Overall, by controlling the positive and reverse pulse currents, the purpose of conveniently and quickly disassembling, assembling and fastening the upper and lower vehicle bodies can be achieved. In the process of vehicle production or the maintenance of electric vehicles, energy and time costs can be saved, and the production efficiency can be effectively improved. Compared with the traditional mechanical connection structure, the connection based on the electro-permanent magnet adsorption device 30 has a more intelligent design, which is more conducive to improving the integrity of the upper and lower vehicle bodies and increasing the aesthetic degree of the vehicle chassis and body.

[0059] Of course, the current connected to the electro-permanent magnet adsorption device 30 is a positive current under normal conditions to be in the adsorption state. Due to the characteristic that the alnico permanent magnet will be permanently magnetized, if there is no reverse pulse current, the upper and lower vehicle bodies will be adsorbed together forever. Even when the vehicle is powered off, the electromagnetic structure is also in the adsorption state. Thus, the driving safety of the vehicle can be guaranteed.

[0060] In addition, a positioning pin column structure is further configured between the upper vehicle body 20 and the skateboard chassis 10. Again, as Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, positioning pin columns 7 are provided at four positions. Specifically, in the upper vehicle body 20 and the chassis 10, a positioning pin column 7 is provided on one of them, and a positioning pin hole is correspondingly provided on the other, and they are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. With this setting, after the upper vehicle body 20 and the chassis 10 are assembled, due to the function of the positioning pin column 7, the electro-permanent magnet adsorption device 30 is not subject to shear stress during assembly or vehicle driving, and the magnetic adsorption structure can be avoided from being damaged by force, and has good stability and reliability.

[0061] Next, the electronic control principle of the electro-permanent magnet adsorption device 30 will be briefly described. Please also refer to Figure 8 the shown principle block diagram.

[0062] (1) Body separation:

[0063] The main control circuit of the electro-permanent magnet adsorption device 30 can be monitored by the BCM (body control module). When the body needs to be separated, first the vehicle enters the vehicle constant power state, that is, the "ON" gear, the BCM is awakened, and the main control circuit and the coil 6 of the electro-permanent magnet adsorption device 30 are detected.

[0064] If a fault is detected, the BCM will report the fault, for example but not limited to, the fault icon will be displayed on the instrument, and the BCM will send a signal to the EPB (electronic parking brake system) to brake the vehicle; at this time, it is necessary to check the main control circuit and permanent magnet coil to eliminate the fault.

[0065] If the detection is fault-free, the forward and reverse current physical switch can be pressed, and the coil of the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device 30 will be supplied with a reverse pulse current, and the magnetic force will disappear; at this time, the upper and lower car bodies can be separated.

[0066] Here, when the vehicle is in the normal power ON gear, the current flowing into the coil of the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device 30 is a positive pulse current.

[0067] (II) Body combination:

[0068] The vehicle enters the normal power state, and the BCM monitors the main control circuit and coil of the permanent magnetic adsorption device 30. Under normal conditions, when the coil is supplied with a positive pulse current, the upper and lower vehicle bodies are fastened together. After power is turned on, the AlNiCo magnets will be permanently magnetized. If there is no reverse pulse current, the upper and lower vehicle bodies will remain in the adsorption state. In other words, even if the vehicle is powered off, it can still be in the adsorption state, thus ensuring the safety of vehicle driving.

[0069] It should be noted that the specific implementation of other functional structures of the car with replaceable upper body used in the embodiments of the present application is not the core invention of the present application. Those skilled in the art can implement it based on the existing technology and will not be elaborated herein.

[0070] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chassis for a vehicle with a replaceable upper body (20), characterized in that, an electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device (30) is provided on the chassis (10), and the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device (30) includes a yoke (1), a first magnet (5), two permanent magnets (2), two pole pieces (3) and two coils (6); the yoke (1) is fixedly provided in the middle of the chassis (10), the yoke (1) has a receiving recess (11), and the first magnet (5), the two permanent magnets (2), the two pole pieces (3) and the two coils (6) are arranged in the receiving recess (11); the two permanent magnets (2) are located in the upper layer and are spaced apart in a first direction; the first magnet (5), the two pole pieces (3) and the two coils (6) are located in the lower layer; the first magnet (5) has two mounting recesses (51), the two coils (6) are respectively wound around the outer peripheries of the two pole pieces (3) and are respectively placed in the two mounting recesses (51), and the two pole pieces (3) are respectively located below the two permanent magnets (2); the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device (30) further includes two second magnets (8), and along a second direction, the two second magnets (8) are respectively located on both sides of the two permanent magnets (2); at least the gaps around each permanent magnet (2) of the electro-permanent magnetic adsorption device (30) are filled with a sealing material.

2. The chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first magnet (5) is made of alnico magnet or samarium cobalt magnet.

3. The chassis according to claim 2, characterized in that, the second magnet (8) is made of alnico magnet or samarium cobalt magnet.

4. The chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that, the permanent magnet (2) is made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet (2).

5. The chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that, the sealing material is epoxy resin (4).

6. The chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that, above the receiving recess (11) of the yoke (1) there is a top opening (12) adapted to the upper body (20), and the cross-sectional dimension of the top opening (12) is in a gradually changing shape with the upper part being larger and the lower part being smaller.

7. A vehicle with a replaceable upper body, including a detachable and adaptable upper body (20) and a chassis (10), characterized in that, the chassis (10) adopts the chassis according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The vehicle with a replaceable upper body according to claim 7, characterized in that, in the upper body (20) and the chassis (10), a positioning pin post (7) is provided on one of them, and a positioning pin hole adapted to the positioning pin post (7) is provided on the other.

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