Biomass thermal cracking equipment and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass thermal cracking device and method, comprising a cracking furnace, a frame, a feeding mechanism, an exhaust mechanism and an input pipe connected to the cracking furnace; the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding box and a buffer box, the bottom discharge end of the feeding box is connected to the buffer box through a feeding tube, the bottom discharge end of the buffer box is connected to the feeding pipe, and the bottom of the feeding pipe is connected to the inside of the cracking furnace inner shell through the input pipe; a spiral feeding piece is arranged in the feeding pipe, the axial end of the spiral feeding piece is connected to an active rod extending out of the feeding pipe, and a driving box for driving the active rod to rotate is installed on the frame; the arrangement of the feeding box, the buffer box and the feeding pipe in the invention is conducive to uniformly inputting biomass materials into the cracking furnace, reducing the influence on the airtightness in the cracking furnace, and can intermittently convey the biomass materials, which is conducive to continuous thermal cracking treatment of the biomass.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biomass cracking, in particular to a biomass thermal cracking device and method. Background Art

[0002] Biomass mainly refers to materials such as straw, trees and other wood cellulose (lignin for short) in the agricultural and forestry production process, waste materials from the agricultural product processing industry, agricultural and forestry waste, and livestock manure and waste in the animal husbandry production process, except for grain and fruit. Biomass thermal cracking (also known as pyrolysis or cracking) usually refers to the process in which biomass is heated to cause molecular decomposition to produce coke, condensable liquids and gas products in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen environment. It is an important form of biomass energy utilization. During the rapid pyrolysis of biomass, the biomass raw materials are rapidly heated to a higher reaction temperature under oxygen-deficient conditions, thereby triggering the decomposition of large molecules, producing small molecular gases and condensable volatiles and a small amount of coke products. The condensable volatiles are quickly cooled into a flowable liquid, which is called bio-oil or tar.

[0003] The biomass gasification boiler disclosed in the existing patent announcement number CN105889903B includes a furnace body, which includes a closed furnace shell, and the furnace shell is provided with independent gasification chambers and combustion chambers. The biomass solidified block enters the gasification chamber through the feeding port, and is ignited from the ash removal port after the conical sealing cover is sealed, so that the biomass solidified block on the tubular grate is ignited, and the ash removal port cover is closed. The upper air supply port and the lower air supply port transport air for gasification. At the same time, the upper air supply port and the lower air supply port lead the gas and flame generated in the biomass gasification process to the combustion port. The gas generated in the gasification process reaches the combustion port and burns. At the same time, the tar generated in the gasification chamber is directly collected into the tar secondary gasification below the combustion port through the arc-shaped inner wall at the upper end of the gasification chamber and the annular groove on the inner wall of the gasification chamber for secondary gasification. The generated gas burns in the combustion chamber to generate heat to heat the circulating water in the circulating water pipe, thereby achieving the effect of utilizing hot water.

[0004] The above-mentioned biomass gasification boiler can process biomass, but during processing, the feeding port at the top of the gasification chamber is in the process of feeding, which affects the airtightness of the gasification chamber and is not convenient for continuous operation. The biomass processing efficiency still needs to be improved, and the current biomass gasification technology is not mature.

[0005] In view of the above problems, a biomass thermal cracking device and method are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a biomass thermal cracking device and method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A biomass thermal cracking device comprises a cracking furnace, a frame, a feeding mechanism, an exhaust mechanism and an input pipe connected to the cracking furnace;

[0009] The feeding mechanism comprises a feeding box and a buffer box, the bottom discharge end of the feeding box is connected to the buffer box through a feeding tube, the bottom discharge end of the buffer box is connected to a feeding pipe, and the bottom of the feeding pipe is connected to the inside of the cracking furnace inner shell through an input pipe;

[0010] A spiral feeding piece is provided in the feed pipe, the shaft end of the spiral feeding piece is connected to an active rod extending out of the feed pipe, and a driving box for driving the active rod to rotate is installed on the frame;

[0011] The feeding cylinder is rotatably mounted with a driving rod, the feeding cylinder is provided with a plurality of paddles connected to the driving rod body, and the active rod is connected with a linkage member for driving the driving rod to reverse when the active rod reverses;

[0012] A central rod is installed in the cracking furnace, and an ash discharge member for assisting the discharge of ash from the ash chamber at the bottom of the inner shell of the cracking furnace is connected to the bottom of the central rod. A toggle member for driving the central rod to rotate is connected to the shaft end of the spiral feeding member away from the active rod.

[0013] In an optional solution: the linkage member includes a driving wheel and a linkage wheel, the driving wheel and the linkage wheel are connected through a gear synchronous belt transmission, the linkage wheel is installed on the shaft end of the driving rod, and the driving wheel is fixedly connected to the driving rod.

[0014] In an optional scheme: the linkage wheel includes a positioning sleeve and an external gear that cooperates with the gear synchronous belt, the positioning sleeve is fixedly connected to the shaft end of the driving rod, the middle part of the external gear is provided with a rotating hole that rotates with the driving rod, the annular outer wall of the positioning sleeve is connected to a plurality of rotating seats arranged in an array, the rotating seat is rotatably connected with a shift rod, the arc-shaped inner wall of the external gear is connected to a plurality of limit shift blocks that cooperate with the top of the shift rod, the rotating seat is close to the limit shift block and is connected to a limit plate on the side for limiting the shift rod from flipping toward the side of the limit shift block, the shift rod is hinged to a spring telescopic rod on the side away from the limit shift block, and the spring telescopic rod is hinged to the annular outer wall of the positioning sleeve at one end away from the shift rod.

[0015] In an optional scheme: the ash discharge part includes a cleaning rod and a plurality of cleaning plates, the cleaning rod cooperates with the inner wall of the bottom of the inner shell, the cleaning rod is connected to the rod body at the bottom of the center rod, the bottom of the center rod is connected to the connecting shaft, the cleaning plate is connected to the connecting shaft, and the plurality of cleaning plates are arranged in an array, the bottom of the cracking furnace is connected to a discharge barrel connected to the inner shell, a plurality of cleaning plates are arranged in the discharge barrel, and an opening on one side of the discharge barrel is connected to a discharge pipe.

[0016] In an optional solution: the driving member includes a driving bevel gear and a driven bevel gear, the driving bevel gear is fixedly connected to the positioning shaft A, the positioning shaft is connected to the end of the spiral feeding member away from the driving rod, the driving bevel gear is meshed with the driven bevel gear, and the driven bevel gear is connected to the center rod through the positioning shaft B.

[0017] In an optional scheme: a spiral sheet is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the inner shell of the cracking furnace, the outer wall of the spiral sheet cooperates with the inner wall of the inner shell, the feed point of the spiral sheet corresponds to the position of the input pipe, and an auxiliary pipe for inputting gas is installed on the cracking furnace, and the gas outlet end of the auxiliary pipe is placed on the top of the spiral sheet and located in the inner cavity of the inner shell.

[0018] In an optional solution: the exhaust mechanism includes a gas pipe and an output pipe connected to the gas outlet end of the gas pipe, the gas inlet end of the gas pipe is placed in the inner cavity of the inner shell, and a protective tube is installed on the outer side of the output pipe.

[0019] In an optional scheme: a coil is provided between the inner shell and the outer shell of the cracking furnace, the liquid inlet end of the coil is connected to a connecting pipe placed on one side of the bottom of the cracking furnace, a serpentine tube is provided between the inner wall of the protective tube and the outer wall of the output pipe, the liquid outlet end of the serpentine tube is connected to the connecting pipe, the liquid inlet end of the serpentine tube is connected to the water inlet pipe, and the liquid outlet end of the coil is connected to the water outlet pipe.

[0020] In an optional solution: the gas outlet end of the output pipe is connected to a cyclone separator.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The arrangement of the feeding box, the buffer box and the feeding pipe in the present invention is conducive to the uniform input of the biomass material into the cracking furnace, reducing the impact on the airtightness of the cracking furnace, and can intermittently transport the biomass material, which is conducive to the continuous processing of the biomass;

[0023] In the present invention, the driving box drives the active rod to reverse, and under the action of the linkage member, the paddle in the feeding cylinder rotates around the axis of the driving rod, and the biomass material can be evenly fed into the buffer box. At this time, the spiral feeding member does not transport the biomass material. The driving box drives the active rod to rotate forward, the driving rod does not rotate, and the spiral feeding member transports the biomass material, which is beneficial to the batch transportation of biomass.

[0024] When the spiral feeding member in the present invention rotates, the central rod can be driven to rotate through the toggle member, thereby driving the ash discharging member to work, which is beneficial to the continuous discharge of ash and slag and reduces blockage in the biomass thermal cracking process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving wheel arrangement in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the cracking furnace of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the linkage wheel in the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 11, cracking furnace; 12, discharge pipe; 13, exhaust mechanism; 14, cyclone separator; 15, feeding box; 16, feeding barrel; 17, buffer box; 18, feeding pipe; 19, driving box; 20, frame; 21, driving wheel; 22, gear timing belt; 23, linkage wheel; 24, driving rod; 25, driving bevel gear; 26, driving rod; 27, paddle; 28, input pipe; 29, from Moving bevel gear; 30, center rod; 31, cleaning rod; 32, connecting shaft; 33, cleaning plate; 34, discharge barrel; 35, spiral sheet; 36, coil; 37, connecting pipe; 38, gas pipe; 39, output pipe; 40, protective cylinder; 41, water inlet pipe; 42, water outlet pipe; 43, external gear; 44, positioning sleeve; 45, limit shift block; 46, shift rod; 47, rotating seat; 48, spring telescopic rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 In an embodiment of the present invention, a biomass thermal cracking device includes a cracking furnace 11, a frame 20, a feeding mechanism, an exhaust mechanism 13 and an input pipe connected to the cracking furnace 11;

[0032] The input pipe can be used for inputting gas or subsequent cleaning operations;

[0033] The feeding mechanism includes a feeding box 15 and a buffer box 17. The bottom discharge end of the feeding box 15 is connected to the buffer box 17 through a feeding tube 16. The bottom discharge end of the buffer box 17 is connected to a feeding pipe 18. The bottom of the feeding pipe 18 is connected to the inside of the inner shell of the cracking furnace 11 through an input pipe 28.

[0034] An existing feeding elevator can be laid on one side of the equipment to transport the biomass to the feeding box 15;

[0035] The material in the feed box 15 can enter the buffer box 17 through the feed tube 17, and the material in the buffer box 17 is input into the inner shell of the cracking furnace 11 through the feed pipe 18;

[0036] A spiral feeder is provided in the feed pipe 18, and the axial end of the spiral feeder is connected to an active rod 24 extending out of the feed pipe 18, and a driving box 19 for driving the active rod 24 to rotate is installed on the frame 20;

[0037] The spiral feeding member is an existing structure, and this application will not elaborate on it; the driving box 19 can be an electric motor;

[0038] The feeding cylinder 16 is rotatably mounted with a driving rod 26, and a plurality of paddles 27 connected to the rod body of the driving rod 26 are arranged inside the feeding cylinder 16. A linkage is connected to the active rod 24, which is used to drive the driving rod 26 to reverse when the active rod 24 reverses; the plurality of paddles 27, driven by the driving rod 26, can deliver the material in the feeding box 15 to the buffer box 17, and when the driving rod 16 stops rotating, the material delivery can be stopped;

[0039] The central rod 30 is installed in the cracking furnace 11, and the bottom of the central rod 30 is connected to an ash discharge member for assisting the discharge of ash and slag in the ash chamber at the bottom of the inner shell of the cracking furnace 11, and the shaft end of the spiral feeding member away from the active rod 24 is connected to a toggle member for driving the central rod 30 to rotate;

[0040] In this embodiment, the biomass material is sent to the feeding box 15 through the external feeding elevator, and the driving box 19 drives the active rod 24 to reverse. Under the action of the linkage, the paddle 27 in the feeding cylinder 16 rotates around the axis of the driving rod 26, and the biomass material can be evenly sent to the buffer box 17. At this time, the spiral feeding member does not transport the biomass material;

[0041] The driving box 19 drives the active rod 24 to rotate forward, and the driving rod 26 does not rotate. The spiral feeding part transports the biomass material. When the spiral feeding part rotates, it can drive the central rod 30 to rotate through the toggle part, thereby driving the ash discharge part to work;

[0042] The biomass material reacts in the inner cavity of the inner shell of the cracking furnace 11. Under the action of heat, surface moisture is precipitated. When the temperature rises to more than 300 degrees, the pyrolysis reaction begins. It is quickly heated to a higher reaction temperature, triggering the decomposition of large molecules. The remaining charcoal reacts with the air introduced by the input pipe, and at the same time releases a large amount of heat to support biological drying, pyrolysis and subsequent reduction reactions. There is no oxygen in the reduction process. The combustion products and water vapor in the oxidation layer react with the charcoal in the reduction layer to generate combustible gas, which is output from the exhaust mechanism 13, completing the conversion process of solid biomass into gaseous fuel.

[0043] In one embodiment, Figure 3As shown, the linkage member includes a driving wheel 21 and a linkage wheel 23, the driving wheel 21 and the linkage wheel 23 are connected by a gear timing belt 22, the linkage wheel 23 is installed at the shaft end of the driving rod 26, and the driving wheel 21 is fixedly connected to the driving rod 24;

[0044] The active rod 24 rotates, and the active wheel 21 can drive the linkage wheel 23 through the gear synchronous belt 22 .

[0045] In one embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the linkage wheel 23 includes a positioning sleeve 44 and an outer gear 43 matched with the gear synchronous belt 22, the positioning sleeve 44 is fixedly connected to the shaft end of the driving rod 26, and a rotating hole that rotates with the driving rod 26 is provided in the middle of the outer gear 43, the annular outer wall of the positioning sleeve 44 is connected to a plurality of rotating seats 47 arranged in an array, and a shifting rod 46 is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 47, and a plurality of limiting blocks 45 that cooperate with the top of the shifting rod 46 are connected to the arcuate inner wall of the outer gear 43, and a limiting plate is connected to the side of the rotating seat 47 close to the limiting block 45, which is used to limit the shifting rod 46 from flipping to the side of the limiting block 45, and the side of the shifting rod 46 away from the limiting block 45 is hinged to a spring telescopic rod 48, and the end of the spring telescopic rod 48 away from the shifting rod 46 is hinged to the annular outer wall of the positioning sleeve 44;

[0046] When the driving wheel 21 rotates clockwise (the active rod 24 rotates forward), the outer gear 43 rotates under the action of the gear timing belt 22, and the limit shift block 45 shifts the shift rod 46, which squeezes the spring telescopic rod 48, so that when the outer gear 43 rotates, the positioning sleeve 44 does not rotate and the driving rod 26 does not rotate; when the driving wheel 21 rotates counterclockwise (the active rod 24 rotates reversely), the outer gear 43 rotates under the action of the gear timing belt 22, and the limit shift block 45 shifts the shift rod 46, which is pulled by the spring telescopic rod 48 and restricted by the limit plate, and moves driven by the limit shift block 45, thereby driving the positioning sleeve 44 to rotate and the driving rod 26 to rotate.

[0047] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the ash discharge member includes a cleaning rod 31 and a plurality of cleaning plates 33, the cleaning rod 31 cooperates with the inner wall of the bottom of the inner shell, the cleaning rod 31 is connected to the rod body at the bottom of the center rod 30, the bottom of the center rod 30 is connected to the connecting shaft 32, the cleaning plates 33 are connected to the connecting shaft 32, and the plurality of cleaning plates 33 are arranged in an array, the bottom of the cracking furnace 11 is connected to a discharge barrel 34 connected to the inner shell, a plurality of cleaning plates 33 are arranged in the discharge barrel 34, and an opening on one side of the discharge barrel 34 is connected to the discharge pipe 12;

[0048] The cleaning rod 31 cleans the ash residue on the inner wall of the bottom of the inner shell, and the ash residue in the inner shell flows into the discharge barrel 34 and is discharged from the discharge pipe 12 in the machine under the toggle of the cleaning plate 33 .

[0049] In one embodiment, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the toggle member includes a driving bevel gear 25 and a driven bevel gear 29, the driving bevel gear 25 is fixedly connected to the positioning shaft A, the positioning shaft is connected to the end of the spiral feeding member away from the driving rod 24, the driving bevel gear 25 is meshed and connected with the driven bevel gear 29, and the driven bevel gear 29 is connected to the center rod 30 through the positioning shaft B;

[0050] The driving bevel gear 25 drives the driven bevel gear 29 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the center rod 30 .

[0051] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, a spiral blade 35 is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the inner shell of the cracking furnace 11, and the outer wall of the spiral blade 35 cooperates with the inner wall of the inner shell. The feed position of the spiral blade 35 corresponds to the position of the input pipe 28. An auxiliary pipe for inputting gas is installed on the cracking furnace 11, and the gas outlet end of the auxiliary pipe is placed on the top of the spiral blade 35 and is located in the inner cavity of the inner shell; the spiral blade 35 can guide the input material, extend the material travel, and reduce the gas flow to the input pipe 28 during cracking.

[0052] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the exhaust mechanism 13 includes a gas pipe 38 and an output pipe 39 connected to the gas outlet end of the gas pipe 38 , the gas inlet end of the gas pipe 38 is placed in the inner cavity of the inner shell, and a protective tube 40 is installed on the outside of the output pipe 39 ; the gas is output from the gas pipe 38 to the output pipe 39 .

[0053] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, a coil 36 is provided between the inner shell and the outer shell of the cracking furnace 11, and the liquid inlet end of the coil 36 is connected to a connecting pipe 37 placed on one side of the bottom of the cracking furnace 11, and a serpentine pipe is provided between the inner wall of the protective tube 40 and the outer wall of the output pipe 39, and the liquid outlet end of the serpentine pipe is connected to the connecting pipe 37, the liquid inlet end of the serpentine pipe is connected to a water inlet pipe 41, and the liquid outlet end of the coil 36 is connected to a water outlet pipe 42;

[0054] During the heat transfer in the gas, the heated water in the serpentine tube flows to the bottom of the coil 36. The residual heat of the ash at the bottom of the coil 36 can heat the water again. Then the water flows in the coil 36 to play a role in heat preservation.

[0055] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the gas outlet end of the output pipe 39 is connected to the cyclone separator 14, which can separate ash from the fuel gas.

[0056] The working principle of the present invention is: the biomass material is sent to the feeding box 15 through the external feeding elevator (existing peripheral equipment), and the driving box 19 drives the active rod 24 to reverse;

[0057] Under the action of the linkage, the paddle 27 in the feeding barrel 16 rotates around the axis of the driving rod 26, and the biomass material can be evenly fed into the buffer box 17. At this time, the spiral feeding member does not transport the biomass material.

[0058] The driving box 19 drives the active rod 24 to rotate forward, and the driving rod 26 does not rotate. The spiral feeding part transports the biomass material, and at the same time, the input pipe inputs air or oxygen. When the spiral feeding part rotates, it can drive the central rod 30 to rotate through the toggle part, thereby driving the ash discharge part to work;

[0059] The biomass material reacts with the air in the inner cavity of the inner shell of the cracking furnace 11. Under the action of heat, surface moisture is precipitated. When the temperature rises to more than 300 degrees, the pyrolysis reaction begins. The remaining charcoal reacts with the introduced air, and a large amount of heat is released to support biological drying, pyrolysis and subsequent reduction reactions. There is no oxygen in the reduction process. The combustion products and water vapor in the oxidation layer react with the charcoal in the reduction layer to generate combustible gas, which is output from the gas pipe 38 to the output pipe 39, completing the conversion process of solid biomass into gaseous fuel.

[0060] During the heat transfer in the gas, the heated water in the serpentine tube flows to the bottom of the coil 36. The residual heat of the ash at the bottom of the coil 36 can heat the water again. Then the water flows in the coil 36 to play a role in heat preservation.

[0061] The biomass in the present invention can be straw, wood waste, agricultural and forestry waste, etc.

[0062] Biomass can also be prepared into activated carbon. Activated carbon is a carbon-containing substance made by carbonization and activation. It has a developed pore structure and a huge specific surface area. It can be used as an adsorbent, catalyst and catalyst carrier. It is widely used in environmental protection, chemical industry, transportation energy, food processing, hydrometallurgy, drug refining, military chemical protection and people's food, clothing, housing and transportation.

[0063] For example, biomass is carbonized to decompose carbon-containing organic matter under heating, and non-carbon elements escape as volatile gases to generate solid pyrolysis products rich in carbon elements, which are then activated with oxidizing gases such as carbon dioxide, water vapor or air. The activated carbon is called activated material, which is further processed into activated carbon products; or biomass is prepared into activated carbon by chemical modification, etc.

[0064] Activated carbon can play a good role in sewage and waste gas treatment;

[0065] Biomass carbonization can improve soil, and activated carbon also has the function of improving soil. Because activated carbon is produced by biochar activation, it has better adsorption and has a better effect on reducing heavy metals in the soil and improving soil microbial communities. It has a dual carbon reduction effect on improving soil and fixing carbon.

Claims

1. A biomass thermal cracking device, comprising a cracking furnace (11), a frame (20), a feeding mechanism, an exhaust mechanism (13), and an input pipe connected to the cracking furnace (11); It is characterized in that The feeding mechanism comprises a feeding box (15) and a buffer box (17); the bottom discharge end of the feeding box (15) is connected to the buffer box (17) via a feeding tube (16); the bottom discharge end of the buffer box (17) is connected to a feeding pipe (18); the bottom of the feeding pipe (18) is connected to the interior of the inner shell of the cracking furnace (11) via an input pipe (28); A spiral feeder is provided in the feed pipe (18), the axial end of the spiral feeder is connected to an active rod (24) extending out of the feed pipe (18), and a drive box (19) for driving the active rod (24) to rotate is installed on the frame (20); The feeding cylinder (16) is rotatably mounted with a driving rod (26), and a plurality of paddles (27) connected to the rod body of the driving rod (26) are arranged inside the feeding cylinder (16). The active rod (24) is connected with a linkage member for driving the driving rod (26) to reverse when the active rod (24) reverses. A central rod (30) is installed in the cracking furnace (11), and an ash discharge member for assisting in discharging ash from an ash chamber at the bottom of an inner shell of the cracking furnace (11) is connected to the bottom of the central rod (30), and a toggle member for driving the central rod (30) to rotate is connected to the shaft end of the spiral feed member away from the active rod (24); The linkage member comprises a driving wheel (21) and a linkage wheel (23), wherein the driving wheel (21) and the linkage wheel (23) are connected in transmission via a gear timing belt (22), the linkage wheel (23) is mounted on the shaft end of a driving rod (26), and the driving wheel (21) is fixedly connected to the driving rod (24); The linkage wheel (23) comprises a positioning sleeve (44) and an outer gear (43) matched with the gear synchronous belt (22); the positioning sleeve (44) is fixedly connected to the shaft end of the driving rod (26); a rotating hole for rotationally matching with the driving rod (26) is provided in the middle of the outer gear (43); the annular outer wall of the positioning sleeve (44) is connected to a plurality of rotating seats (47) arranged in an array; a shifting rod (46) is rotationally connected to the rotating seat (47); a plurality of limiting shifting blocks (45) matched with the top of the shifting rod (46) are connected to the arcuate inner wall of the outer gear (43); a side of the rotating seat (47) close to the limiting shifting block (45) is connected to a limiting plate for limiting the shifting rod (46) from turning toward the side of the limiting shifting block (45); a side of the shifting rod (46) away from the limiting shifting block (45) is hinged to a spring telescopic rod (48); an end of the spring telescopic rod (48) away from the shifting rod (46) is hinged to the annular outer wall of the positioning sleeve (44).

2. The biomass pyrolysis equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash discharge member comprises a cleaning rod (31) and a plurality of cleaning plates (33). The cleaning rod (31) cooperates with the inner wall of the bottom of the inner shell. The cleaning rod (31) is connected to the rod body at the bottom of the center rod (30). The bottom of the center rod (30) is connected to a connecting shaft (32). The cleaning plates (33) are connected to the connecting shaft (32), and the plurality of cleaning plates (33) are arranged in an array. The bottom of the cracking furnace (11) is connected to a discharge barrel (34) connected to the inner shell. The plurality of cleaning plates (33) are arranged in the discharge barrel (34). An opening on one side of the discharge barrel (34) is connected to a discharge pipe (12).

3. The biomass pyrolysis equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shifting member comprises a driving bevel gear (25) and a driven bevel gear (29); the driving bevel gear (25) is fixedly connected to a positioning shaft A; the positioning shaft is connected to an end of the spiral feeding member away from the driving rod (24); the driving bevel gear (25) is meshingly connected to the driven bevel gear (29); and the driven bevel gear (29) is connected to the center rod (30) via a positioning shaft B.

4. The biomass pyrolysis equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spiral blade (35) is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the inner shell of the cracking furnace (11), the outer wall of the spiral blade (35) cooperates with the inner wall of the inner shell, the feed position of the spiral blade (35) corresponds to the position of the input pipe (28), and an auxiliary pipe for inputting gas is installed on the cracking furnace (11), the gas outlet end of the auxiliary pipe is placed on the top of the spiral blade (35) and is located in the inner cavity of the inner shell.

5. The biomass pyrolysis equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust mechanism (13) comprises a gas pipe (38) and an output pipe (39) connected to the gas outlet end of the gas pipe (38); the gas inlet end of the gas pipe (38) is placed in the inner cavity of the inner shell; and a protective tube (40) is installed outside the output pipe (39).

6. The biomass pyrolysis equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: A coil (36) is provided between the inner shell and the outer shell of the cracking furnace (11); the liquid inlet end of the coil (36) is connected to a connecting pipe (37) disposed on one side of the bottom of the cracking furnace (11); a serpentine pipe is provided between the inner wall of the protective tube (40) and the outer wall of the output pipe (39); the liquid outlet end of the serpentine pipe is connected to the connecting pipe (37); the liquid inlet end of the serpentine pipe is connected to a water inlet pipe (41); and the liquid outlet end of the coil (36) is connected to a water outlet pipe (42).

7. The biomass pyrolysis equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas outlet end of the output pipe (39) is connected to the cyclone separator (14).

8. A method for using the biomass pyrolysis equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The biomass material is sent to the feeding box (15) through the external feeding elevator, and the driving box (19) drives the active rod (24) to reverse. Under the action of the linkage member, the paddle (27) in the feeding cylinder (16) rotates around the axis of the driving rod (26), and the biomass material can be evenly sent to the buffer box (17). At this time, the spiral feeding member does not transport the biomass material; Step 2: The driving box (19) drives the active rod (24) to rotate forward, while the driving rod (26) does not rotate. The spiral feeder conveys the biomass material and simultaneously inputs air or oxygen into the cracking furnace (11). When the spiral feeder rotates, it can drive the central rod (30) to rotate through the toggle member, thereby driving the ash discharge member to work. Step 3: The biomass material is contacted with air in the inner cavity of the inner shell of the cracking furnace (11) and reacts. Under the action of heat, surface moisture is precipitated. When the temperature rises to above 300 degrees, the pyrolysis reaction begins. The remaining charcoal reacts with the introduced air and releases a large amount of heat to support biological drying, pyrolysis and subsequent reduction reactions. In the reduction process, there is no oxygen. The combustion products and water vapor in the oxidation layer react with the charcoal in the reduction layer to generate combustible gas, which is output from the exhaust mechanism (13), completing the conversion process of solid biomass into gaseous fuel.

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