Large-section shallow buried tunnel support equipment and use method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a large-section shallow-buried dark-excavated tunnel support device and a method of using the same, and relates to the field of tunnel excavation technology. The device comprises a support assembly and at least two monitoring assemblies, wherein the support assembly is used to support the tunnel, and the at least two monitoring assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the support assembly near the tunnel vault. The monitoring assembly comprises a drill rod, a trenching member, a humidity detector, and a monitoring member. One end of the drill rod is provided with a spike, and the end of the drill rod provided with the spike is passed through the support assembly and abuts against the tunnel top. The drill rod is hollow, and the trenching member is slidably connected to the drill rod. The trenching member can move closer to or further away from the central axis of the drill rod. The end of the trenching member located in the drill rod is connected to a grouting pipe. The humidity detector is arranged at the end of the drill rod located at the tunnel vault, and the monitoring member is located at the end of the drill rod away from the tunnel vault. The present application has the effect of timely monitoring the water seepage in the tunnel and the settlement of the vault, thereby improving the safety of tunnel construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel excavation, and in particular to a large-section shallow buried tunnel support device and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, an increasing number of underground projects, including railway tunnels, highway tunnels, and urban subways, are under construction and planned, with tunnels traversing loess strata. Soft rock tunnels account for a high proportion of these projects, and the number of tunnels traversing loess strata is also increasing, with tunnel cross-sections increasing. Soft rock is prone to plastic deformation, often reducing tunnel clearance and impacting normal tunnel construction and operation. Due to the inherent geological properties of soft rock, its loose structure and poor stability inevitably lead to some degree of deformation during tunnel construction.

[0003] Chinese invention patent application number CN2010101847835 discloses a large-section loess tunnel construction method. During construction, the entire section is divided into four parts: upper, middle, lower and bottom. The middle part is further divided into the middle left area, the middle right area and the middle middle area. The lower part is also divided into the lower left area, the lower right area and the lower middle area. These four parts are excavated in a staggered manner using the step method. During the excavation process, the upper part advances the middle part by 3 to 5 meters, the middle part advances the lower part by 3 to 5 meters, and the lower part advances the bottom by 10 meters. Excavation is carried out step by step.

[0004] Regarding the above-mentioned related technologies, water seepage may occur in the tunnel during construction. At the same time, due to the large cross-section of the tunnel, the tunnel arch may sink when the initial support is removed, causing construction safety hazards and easily leading to construction accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to timely monitor the tunnel seepage and vault settlement conditions and improve the safety of tunnel construction, the present application provides a large-section shallow buried tunnel support equipment and its use method.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a large-section shallow buried tunnel support device, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A large-section shallow buried dark excavation tunnel support equipment comprises a support assembly and at least two monitoring assemblies, the support assembly is used to support the tunnel, the at least two monitoring assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the support assembly near the tunnel vault, the monitoring assembly comprises a drill rod, a trenching member, a humidity detector and a monitoring member, one end of the drill rod is provided with a spike, the end of the drill rod provided with the spike is passed through the support assembly and abuts against the tunnel top, the drill rod is hollow, the trenching member is located in the drill rod and close to the spiked end of the drill rod, the trenching member is elastically connected to the drill rod, the trenching member is slidably connected to the drill rod, the trenching member can approach or move away from the central axis of the drill rod, the end of the trenching member located in the drill rod is connected to a grouting pipe, the end of the trenching member that can extend out of the drill rod is provided with a grouting hole, the drill rod is provided with a locking member, the locking member is used to fix the trenching member so that the trenching member is located in the drill rod, the humidity detector is provided at the end of the drill rod located at the tunnel vault, the monitoring member is located at the end of the drill rod away from the tunnel vault, and the monitoring member is used to monitor the settlement of the vault.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the support assembly supports the tunnel and reduces the possibility of tunnel vault settlement. A monitoring assembly is provided on the support assembly. A drill rod is used to drive into the tunnel vault, and a trenching piece is provided on the top of the drill rod. The trenching piece can trench the tunnel top under the rotation of the drill rod, so that a gap is formed in the tunnel top. After the gap is formed, grouting is performed in the gap to increase the stability of the drill rod on the tunnel top. Then, a humidity detector and a monitoring piece are used to monitor the water seepage and settlement of the tunnel, so as to timely monitor the tunnel water seepage and vault settlement and improve the safety of tunnel construction.

[0009] Optionally, the support assembly includes an initial concrete layer, a steel mesh layer, a steel support, a grid steel frame, a fixed layer and a reinforcement layer. The initial concrete layer, the steel mesh layer, the steel support, the grid steel frame, the fixed layer and the reinforcement layer are sequentially arranged in the tunnel to support the tunnel. The fixed layer includes multiple anchor rods, which are passed through the initial concrete layer, the steel mesh layer, the steel support and the grid steel frame to fix them. The reinforcement layer is a concrete layer, and the reinforcement layer is used to seal the fixed layer.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the initial concrete layer is sprayed in the tunnel. After fixation, the steel mesh layer, steel support and grid steel frame are fixed by steel nails. After fixation, the fixing layer is installed. The fixing layer is a plurality of anchor rods. The fixing layer can reinforce the steel mesh layer, steel support and grid steel frame again. Finally, the reinforcement layer is used to seal the steel mesh layer, steel support and grid steel frame as well as the fixing layer. The fixing layer is a concrete layer, which is convenient for supporting the tunnel.

[0011] Optionally, the drill rod is provided with a threaded section at one end close to the spike, and a nut is provided at one end of the drill rod away from the spike, and the nut is sleeved outside the drill rod and connected to the drill rod.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when rotating the drill rod, the tool sleeve is placed outside the nut and rotated, and the threaded section facilitates the drill rod to drill into the top of the tunnel. Since the threaded section is provided, when using the trenching piece for trenching, the drill rod can be repeatedly rotated forward and reverse to trench. After trenching, grouting is injected to fill the threaded section and the groove formed by the trenching piece, thereby improving the stability of the drill rod in the tunnel vault and facilitating the monitoring of the tunnel settlement condition.

[0013] Optionally, the trenching member includes a fixed rod, a trenching rod and an elastic member, the fixed rod is located inside the drill rod and one end is connected to the drill rod, the trenching rod is slidably connected to the fixed rod, the trenching rod can extend out of the drill rod, one end of the elastic member is connected to the fixed rod, and the other end is connected to the drill rod, and the compression direction of the elastic member is the same as the sliding direction of the trenching rod.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, when using the trenching piece to trench, the locking piece is released to fix the trenching piece, and the elastic piece pushes out the trenching rod. When the drill rod is rotated, as the gap is generated, the trenching rod gradually extends out of the drill rod under the action of the elastic piece, gradually expanding the trenching gap until the trenching is completed. After trenching, the groove is grouting.

[0015] Optionally, the locking member includes a plug plate and a pull rod, the plug plate is slidably connected to the drill rod, the plug plate can be inserted into the trenching rod to fix the trenching rod, and the pull rod is connected to one end of the plug plate away from the trenching rod.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when releasing the fixation of the trenching rod, the pull rod is pulled downward to make the inserting plate separate from the trench member, thereby facilitating the release of the fixation of the trenching member.

[0017] Optionally, the end of the drill rod away from its spike shape is detachably connected to a mounting tube, and the monitoring component is arranged in the mounting tube.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when using a drill rod for trenching, the installation tube is in an uninstalled state. After the trenching of the drill rod is completed and grouting is completed, the installation tube is installed on the drill rod, which reduces the possibility of damage to the monitoring device and facilitates the adjustment of the rotation angle of the monitoring device.

[0019] Optionally, an adjusting piece is provided in the mounting tube, and the adjusting piece includes a fixing plate and a stud, both ends of the fixing plate are connected to the side walls of the mounting tube, the stud passes through the mounting tube and the fixing plate and is threadedly connected to the mounting tube and the fixing plate, the monitoring piece is rotatably connected to one end of the stud located in the mounting tube, the monitoring piece is slidably connected to the fixing plate, and the sliding direction of the monitoring piece is parallel to the central axis of the drill rod.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the adjusting member is used to adjust the height of the monitoring member. During adjustment, the stud is rotated, and the stud drives the monitoring member to rise and fall along the fixed plate, thereby adjusting the height of the monitoring member.

[0021] Optionally, a tightening ring is provided at one end of the nut away from the mounting tube.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, after the drill rod is rotated to open the trench, the upper surface of the clamping ring is brought into contact with the tunnel vault, so that the clamping ring seals the drill rod and then grouting is performed to improve the sealing performance between the drill rod and the tunnel vault.

[0023] On the other hand, the present application also provides a method for using the above-mentioned large-section shallow buried tunnel support equipment.

[0024] A method for using large-section shallow buried tunnel support equipment, the construction process of which is as follows:

[0025] S1. Support the tunnel. The construction sequence is as follows: initial concrete layer, steel mesh layer, steel support, grid steel frame, fixed layer, and reinforcement layer. The steel mesh layer, steel support, and grid steel frame are fixed with steel nails.

[0026] S2, the reinforcement layer is a concrete layer. After the reinforcement layer solidifies, the spiked end of the drill rod is driven into the tunnel vault;

[0027] S3, releasing the locking member from the trenching member, repeatedly rotating the drill rod, and gradually trenching the tunnel using the trenching member;

[0028] S4. Grouting is performed inside the drill pipe to fill the gap created by the rotation of the trenching piece;

[0029] S5. Start the humidity detector and monitoring device to monitor the tunnel vault settlement and water seepage at the same time.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, in summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0031] 1. By setting a support component and a monitoring component on the support component, the support component supports the tunnel vault to improve the stability of the tunnel, and the monitoring component is located at the support component near the tunnel vault. The humidity detector is placed at the tunnel vault through the drill rod. The humidity detector monitors the water seepage of the tunnel vault, and a monitoring component is set at the end of the drill rod near the outside of the tunnel vault. The monitoring components are symmetrically arranged in the tunnel, and at least two monitoring components are grouped together, respectively located at both ends along the travel direction of the tunnel. The two monitoring components can receive signals from each other and monitor the settlement conditions in the tunnel, so that the monitoring component can timely monitor the tunnel water seepage and vault settlement conditions, thereby improving the safety of tunnel construction.

[0032] 2. By setting up the installation tube, the monitoring component is located in the installation tube, and the height of the monitoring component is adjusted by the installation position of the installation tube, so that the two monitoring components can be adjusted to the same initial height for monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a large-section shallow buried tunnel support equipment in an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of a large-section shallow-buried tunnel support equipment in an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a partial three-dimensional sectional view of a large-section shallow-buried tunnel support device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the monitoring component of an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a partial three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the monitoring component of an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of part A.

[0039] Figure 7 It is a partial three-dimensional cross-sectional view from another perspective of the monitoring component of an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Figure 8 It is a partial three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the mounting tube of an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1. Support assembly; 11. Primary concrete layer; 12. Steel mesh layer; 13. Steel support; 14. Grid steel frame; 15. Fixed layer; 16. Reinforcement layer; 2. Monitoring assembly; 21. Drill rod; 22. Grooving member; 221. Grouting pipe; 222. Grouting hole; 223. Fixing rod; 224. Grooving rod; 225. Elastic member; 23. Humidity detector; 24. Monitoring member; 3. Locking member; 31. Insert plate; 32. Pull rod; 4. Nut; 5. Tightening ring; 6. Mounting tube; 61. Adjusting member; 62. Fixing plate; 63. Stud; 64. Transparent plate; 7. Alarm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following is combined with Figure 1-8 This application is described in further detail.

[0043] The embodiment of the present application discloses a large-section shallow buried tunnel support device.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2A large-section shallow buried tunnel support device includes a support component 1 and at least two monitoring components 2. The support component 1 is used to support the tunnel. The support component 1 includes an initial concrete layer 11, a steel mesh layer 12, a steel support 13, a grid steel frame 14, a fixed layer 15 and a reinforcement layer 16. The initial concrete layer 11, the steel mesh layer 12, the steel support 13, the grid steel frame 14, the fixed layer 15 and the reinforcement layer 16 are sequentially arranged in the tunnel to support the tunnel. The fixed layer 15 includes a plurality of anchor rods, and the plurality of anchor rods are passed through the initial concrete layer 11, the steel mesh layer 12, the steel support 13 and the grid steel frame 1 4 and fixed them, the steel mesh layer 12, the steel bracket 13 and the grid steel frame 14 are all fixed with steel nails, the steel bracket 13 is composed of multiple steel frames identical to the tunnel vault, the grid steel frame 14 is composed of multiple grid frames identical to the tunnel vault, the reinforcement layer 16 is a concrete layer, after the primary concrete layer 11, the steel mesh layer 12, the steel bracket 13, the grid steel frame 14 and the fixing layer 15 are fixed, the reinforcement layer 16 is used to seal the fixing layer 15, the reinforcement layer 16 and the primary concrete layer 11 are both concrete slurry sprayed on the inner wall of the tunnel, and a support surface is formed after the concrete slurry solidifies.

[0045] Reference Figure 3 、 Figure 4 , at least two monitoring components 2 need to be provided. In this embodiment, two monitoring components 2 are provided. The two monitoring components 2 are symmetrically arranged on the support component 1 near the tunnel vault, and the monitoring points in the two monitoring components 2 are relatively arranged. The monitoring component 2 includes a drill rod 21, a trenching member 22, a humidity detector 23 and a monitoring member 24. One end of the drill rod 21 is provided with a spike. The end of the drill rod 21 provided with the spike is passed through the support component 1 and placed in the tunnel. The drill rod 21 is hollow. The trenching member 22 is located in the drill rod 21 and close to the spiked end of the drill rod 21. The trenching member 22 is slidably connected to the drill rod 21, and the opening member can slide out of the drill rod 21. The trenching Component 22 can move toward or away from the central axis of drill rod 21. One end of trenching component 22, located within drill rod 21, is welded and connected to a grouting pipe 221. The other end of grouting pipe 221 extends out of drill rod 21. A grouting hole 222 is defined at the end of trenching component 22 that extends out of drill rod 21. Drill rod 21 is provided with a locking component 3, which is used to secure trenching component 22 within drill rod 21. A humidity detector 23 is bolted to the end of drill rod 21 located within the tunnel vault. Monitoring component 24, a tunnel laser rangefinder, is located at the end of drill rod 21 away from the tunnel vault. Humidity detector 23 monitors tunnel water seepage and vault settlement, improving tunnel construction safety.

[0046] Reference Figure 4The drill rod 21 has a threaded section at one end near its spiked shape, and a nut 4 is welded to the end away from the spiked shape. The nut 4 is welded to the outside of the drill rod 21 and connected to the drill rod 21. The axis of the nut 4 coincides with the axis of the drill rod 21. To improve the sealing between the drill rod 21 and the tunnel, a rubber ring 5 is bonded to the upper surface of the nut 4. When the drill rod 21 is installed, the upper surface of the ring 5 is pressed against the tunnel vault.

[0047] Further, refer to Figure 5 The trenching member 22 includes a fixing rod 223, a trenching rod 224 and an elastic member 225. The fixing rod 223 and the trenching rod 224 are both hollow and horizontally arranged in the drill rod 21. The fixing rod 223 is located in the drill rod 21 and one end is welded to the drill rod 21. The trenching rod 224 is slidably connected to the fixing rod 223. The end of the trenching rod 224 away from the fixing rod 223 can extend out of the drill rod 21. The end of the trenching rod 224 away from the drill rod 21 is also spike-shaped, which facilitates opening a hole in the tunnel. One end of the elastic member 225 is welded to the fixing rod 223 through a fixing seat, and the other end is welded to the drill rod 21. The elastic member 225 is a spring, and the compression direction of the elastic member 225 is the same as the sliding direction of the trenching rod 224.

[0048] Specifically, refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 The locking member 3 includes an insert plate 31 and a pull rod 32. The insert plate 31 is slidably connected to the drill rod 21. The insert plate 31 can be inserted into the trenching rod 224 to fix the trenching rod 224. The pull rod 32 is welded to one end of the insert plate 31 away from the trenching rod 224, and the other end of the pull rod 32 away from the insert plate 31 extends out of the drill rod 21. When releasing the fixing of the locking piece 3 on the trenching rod 224, pull the pull rod 32 downward, and the pull rod 32 drives the inserting plate 31 downward, so that the trenching rod 224 extends out of the drill rod 21 under the action of the elastic piece 225. By repeatedly rotating the drill rod 21, the trenching rod 224 is extended to a certain distance from the drill rod 21. The final distance of the trenching rod 224 extending out of the drill rod 21 is controlled by the elastic piece 225. Then push the pull rod 32 upward until the inserting plate 31 enters the trenching rod 224 to fix the trenching rod 224. In order to facilitate determining the depth of the inserting plate 31 into the trenching rod 224, a push mark can be marked on the pull rod 32. After fixing the trenching rod 224, the drill rod 21 is rotated repeatedly again so that the pointed end of the trenching rod 224 gradually forms a turntable-type groove in the tunnel vault. Finally, concrete slurry is injected through the grouting pipe 221. The concrete slurry can enter the groove through the grouting hole 222 on the trenching rod 224 to fill the groove, so as to improve the stability of the drill rod 21 in the tunnel vault and facilitate the monitoring of the settlement of the tunnel vault.

[0049] Reference Figure 7 、 Figure 8The end of the drill rod 21 away from its spike shape is detachably connected to the mounting tube 6, and the detachable manner can be bolt connection or threaded connection. In this embodiment, it is threaded connection. The monitoring component 24 is arranged in the mounting tube 6. The specific arrangement of the monitoring component 24 is as follows: an adjusting component 61 is provided in the mounting tube 6, and the adjusting component 61 includes a fixing plate 62 and a stud 63. Both sides of the fixing plate 62 are welded to the side walls of the mounting tube 6. The stud 63 passes through the mounting tube 6 and the fixing plate 62 and is threadedly connected to the mounting tube 6 and the fixing plate 62. The monitoring component 24 is rotatably connected to the end of the stud 63 located in the mounting tube 6 through a bearing, and the monitoring component 24 is slidably connected to the fixing plate 62 through a column. The end of the column close to the monitoring component 24 is dovetail-shaped, and a dovetail groove is provided at the end of the monitoring component 24 close to the column. The column is clamped in the dovetail groove. When the stud 63 is rotated, the monitoring component 24 can be lifted up and down along the column. A transparent plate 64 is bonded to the mounting tube 6 at the monitoring point near the monitoring element 24. This facilitates and protects the monitoring element 24. An alarm 7 is bolted to the lower surface of the mounting tube 6. The alarm 7 is electrically connected to the monitoring element 24 and sounds an alarm when the monitoring element 24 detects abnormal settlement, allowing tunnel maintenance personnel to detect the anomaly.

[0050] The implementation principle of a large-section shallow-buried tunnel support device in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: after the support component 1 completes the support, the pointed end of the drill rod 21 is rotated toward the tunnel vault, so that the drill rod 21 enters the tunnel vault, the pull rod 32 is pulled downward, and the insert plate 31 is released downward to release the limit on the trenching rod 224, and the drill rod 21 is rotated until the trenching rod 224 trenches the tunnel vault, and grouting is performed after trenching. After the grouting solidifies, the installation tube 6 is connected and the height of the monitoring component 24 is adjusted, so as to timely monitor the tunnel water seepage and vault settlement conditions, thereby improving the safety of tunnel construction.

[0051] In addition, this application also discloses a construction process for using a large-section shallow buried tunnel support device:

[0052] S1. Support the tunnel. The construction sequence of support is as follows: initial concrete layer 11, steel mesh layer 12, steel support 13, grid steel frame 14, fixed layer 15 and reinforcement layer 16. The steel mesh layer 12, steel support 13 and grid steel frame 14 are fixed with steel nails. During the tunnel excavation process, the supporting function of the middle partition wall and temporary invert arch is utilized, supplemented by advance grouting of small pipes for advance support, hanging nets and steel frame spraying concrete, and the initial support grid frame is erected in a timely manner. The large pipe shed is used for initial support. At the same time, locking anchor rods are installed to close the section as soon as possible to reduce the disturbance to the stratum. Safety is ensured through advance support and initial support.

[0053] S2, the reinforcement layer 16 is a concrete layer. After the reinforcement layer 16 solidifies, the spiked end of the drill rod 21 is driven into the tunnel vault;

[0054] S3, releasing the locking member 3 from the trenching member 22, repeatedly rotating the drill rod 21, and gradually trenching the tunnel using the trenching member 22;

[0055] S4, grouting is performed in the drill rod 21 to fill the gap created by the rotation of the groove opening member 22;

[0056] S5. Start the humidity detector 23 and the monitoring unit 24 to monitor the tunnel vault settlement and water seepage simultaneously.

[0057] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A large-section shallow buried tunnel support equipment, characterized by: The invention comprises a support assembly (1) and at least two monitoring assemblies (2), wherein the support assembly (1) is used for supporting a tunnel, and at least two monitoring assemblies (2) are symmetrically arranged on the support assembly (1) near the tunnel vault, and the monitoring assembly (2) comprises a drill rod (21), a ditching member (22), a humidity detector (23) and a monitoring member (24), wherein one end of the drill rod (21) is provided with a spike, and the end of the drill rod (21) provided with the spike is passed through the support assembly (1) and abuts against the tunnel top, and the drill rod (21) is hollow, and the ditching member (22) is located inside the drill rod (21) and near the spiked end of the drill rod (21). The end of the ditching member (22) is elastically connected to the drill rod (21), the ditching member (22) is slidably connected to the drill rod (21), the ditching member (22) can approach or move away from the central axis of the drill rod (21), one end of the ditching member (22) located in the drill rod (21) is connected to the grouting pipe (221), and one end of the ditching member (22) that can extend out of the drill rod (21) is provided with a grouting hole (222), the drill rod (21) is provided with a locking member (3), the locking member (3) is used to fix the ditching member (22) so that the ditching member (22) is located in the drill rod (21), and the humidity detector (23) is provided on the drill rod (21) at the tunnel. The monitoring member (24) is located at one end of the drill rod (21) away from the tunnel vault, and the monitoring member (24) is used to monitor the vault settlement condition; the drill rod (21) is provided with a threaded section at one end close to the spike-shaped end thereof, and the drill rod (21) is provided with a nut (4) at one end away from the spike-shaped end thereof, and the nut (4) is sleeved outside the drill rod (21) and connected to the drill rod (21); the trenching member (22) includes a fixing rod (223), a trenching rod (224) and an elastic member (225), the fixing rod (223) is located inside the drill rod (21) and one end is connected to the drill rod (21), and the trenching rod (224) is slidably connected to the drill rod (21). The groove opening rod (224) is connected to the fixing rod (223), and can extend out of the drill rod (21). One end of the elastic member (225) is connected to the fixing rod (223), and the other end is connected to the drill rod (21). The compression direction of the elastic member (225) is the same as the sliding direction of the groove opening rod (224). The locking member (3) includes a plug plate (31) and a pull rod (32). The plug plate (31) is slidably connected to the drill rod (21). The plug plate (31) can be inserted into the groove opening rod (224) to fix the groove opening rod (224). The pull rod (32) is connected to one end of the plug plate (31) away from the groove opening rod (224).

2. The large-section shallow buried tunnel support equipment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The support assembly (1) comprises an initial concrete layer (11), a steel mesh layer (12), a steel support (13), a grid steel frame (14), a fixed layer (15) and a reinforcement layer (16). The initial concrete layer (11), the steel mesh layer (12), the steel support (13), the grid steel frame (14), the fixed layer (15) and the reinforcement layer (16) are sequentially arranged in a tunnel to support the tunnel. The fixed layer (15) comprises a plurality of anchor rods, which are passed through the initial concrete layer (11), the steel mesh layer (12), the steel support (13) and the grid steel frame (14) to fix them. The reinforcement layer (16) is a concrete layer, and the reinforcement layer (16) is used to seal the fixed layer (15).

3. The large-section shallow buried tunnel support equipment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The end of the drill rod (21) away from the spike shape is detachably connected to a mounting tube (6), and the monitoring component (24) is arranged in the mounting tube (6).

4. The large-section shallow buried tunnel support equipment according to claim 3 is characterized by: An adjusting member (61) is provided in the mounting tube (6), and the adjusting member (61) includes a fixing plate (62) and a stud (63). Both ends of the fixing plate (62) are connected to the side wall of the mounting tube (6). The stud (63) passes through the mounting tube (6) and the fixing plate (62) and is threadedly connected to the mounting tube (6) and the fixing plate (62). The monitoring member (24) is rotatably connected to one end of the stud (63) located in the mounting tube (6). The monitoring member (24) is slidably connected to the fixing plate (62). The sliding direction of the monitoring member (24) is parallel to the central axis of the drill rod (21).

5. The large-section shallow buried tunnel support equipment according to claim 3 is characterized by: A tightening ring (5) is provided at one end of the nut (4) away from the mounting tube (6).

6. A method for using a large-section shallow-buried tunnel support device, used for installing the support device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The construction process is as follows: S1. Support the tunnel. The construction sequence of the support is: initial concrete layer (11), steel mesh layer (12), steel support (13), grid steel frame (14), fixed layer (15) and reinforcement layer (16). The steel mesh layer (12), steel support (13) and grid steel frame (14) are fixed with anchor rods. S2, the reinforcement layer (16) is a concrete layer. After the reinforcement layer (16) solidifies, the spike-shaped end of the drill rod (21) is driven into the tunnel vault; S3, releasing the fixing of the locking member (3) on the trenching member (22), repeatedly rotating the drill rod (21), and gradually trenching the tunnel using the trenching member (22); S4, grouting is performed in the drill rod (21) to fill the gap formed by the rotation of the trenching member (22); S5. Start the humidity detector (23) and the monitoring unit (24) to monitor the tunnel vault settlement and water seepage simultaneously.

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