Positioning method of the core area of abnormal coal temperature and its application in silo positioning system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for locating the core area of abnormal coal temperature and a positioning system for its application in silos. Based on the arrangement of temperature-measuring optical fibers, a model is first created based on the temperature variation patterns of the coal silo. Abnormal temperatures are then detected based on this model. Based on abnormal temperature data obtained at different times and locations, an algorithm is used to determine the core area of abnormal temperature within the coal pile. Finally, a certain range centered on this core area is identified as the temperature anomaly monitoring area. Based on different arrangement models and algorithms for temperature-measuring optical fibers, the present invention achieves spatial positioning of abnormally high-temperature points within the coal silo. After intervention at these abnormally high-temperature points, the intervention results can be evaluated by comparing the monitoring data before and after the intervention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of coal pile storage, and in particular to a method for locating a core area of abnormal coal temperature and a positioning system applied to a silo. Background Art

[0002] In the coal industry, spontaneous combustion is a potential risk throughout underground mining, transportation, and storage. This is particularly true during the long-term threat of spontaneous combustion in piles of coal. Because crushed coal has a greater contact area with air, the interior of the pile is particularly susceptible to slow oxidation, generating heat. This heating process also releases gases like carbon monoxide and ethylene, ultimately leading to spontaneous combustion.

[0003] There are many ways to prevent spontaneous combustion in coal piles, such as using infrared sensors, spraying foam to isolate oxygen, and using inert gas to prevent spontaneous combustion. However, it is almost impossible to locate the core area of oxidative heat in the coal pile.

[0004] Coal storage has evolved from open-air stacking to enclosed cylindrical coal silos. However, current silo storage also presents significant safety hazards. Specifically, during the loading and storage of coal in cylindrical coal silos, coal above the discharge port at the bottom of the silo is easily discharged. However, coal accumulation near the silo's inner wall can easily create dead corners, where accumulated coal remains longer than elsewhere. If the coal is too moist, it will often adhere to the silo's inner wall, making it more likely to heat up and spontaneously combust.

[0005] If the adhesion is in the middle and lower part of the coal bin or on the coal bin hopper, the air that enters every time coal is taken out will make the inner wall of the coal bin more prone to spontaneous combustion.

[0006] Therefore, it is also difficult to locate the core area of temperature anomaly in the cylindrical coal bunker.

[0007] The article "Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation of Temperature Distribution in Coal Storage Silos with Internal Heat Sources" (Liu Zhe, Master's Thesis, North China Electric Power University, March 2019) discloses a scheme for constructing the internal temperature field of a coal bunker based on a small simulated coal bunker and temperature sensors inserted into the coal bunker wall. The conclusion points out that: (1) When coal generates high temperature, there is not only heat radiation but also heat convection. However, because the thermal conductivity of the coal body is small and the thermal conductivity is poor, the heat accumulation generated by oxidation is not easy to dissipate. (2) The coal bunker wall is affected not only by the coal heat source, but also by the environment. In order to obtain the temperature anomaly area in the coal bunker, the method of simulating the establishment of the temperature field is used to restore the position of the temperature heat source in the coal bunker.

[0008] However, this approach has the following drawbacks: 1. Without a sufficient number of temperature sensors, it's difficult to obtain accurate data, leading to inaccurate predictions; 2. Excessive installation holes in the coal bunker allow air to easily enter, sealing the bunker; 3. For frequently used bunkers, especially older ones, the gaps between the coal in the upper, middle, lower, and hopper sections vary, leading to varying heat transfer. These practical challenges can lead to different experimental and simulation results.

[0009] Therefore, in coal piles and cylindrical coal bunkers, it is very practical to locate abnormally high temperature areas caused by coal oxidation. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In order to solve the problems of 1. locating high-temperature areas in a coal pile due to oxidation; 2. locating areas with abnormal coal temperature in a cylindrical coal silo; and 3. evaluating the effectiveness of fire prevention measures in a cylindrical coal silo, the present invention provides a method for locating the core area of abnormal coal temperature and a system for application in a silo.

[0011] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0012] In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for locating a core area of abnormal coal temperature, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1. The optical fiber temperature measurement system is in contact with the coal pile by forming an optical fiber space structure, and the distance between two adjacent optical fibers in the optical fiber space structure is controlled to be no more than L, and the distance L is less than 3 meters;

[0014] S2. Simulating a coal pile spatial model in a data processor;

[0015] S3. The optical fiber spatial structure in step S1 is spatially aligned with the coal pile spatial model in step S2; the optical fiber spatial structure obtains normal temperature data of the coal pile and transmits it to a memory, and the normal data is processed by the data processor to form a normal data trend model;

[0016] S4. If the optical fiber spatial structure obtains temperature data that is abnormal relative to the normal data trend model for the first time, the abnormal temperature data is marked as the first outlier; the time of obtaining the first outlier is marked as T1, and the location of the first outlier is recorded as point A;

[0017] S5. If the optical fiber spatial structure receives an increasing number of data indicating temperature anomalies relative to the normal data trend model, then at time T2, simultaneously select two data points that have just broken through the normal data trend model and mark them as diffusion outliers; one of the data points is marked as the first diffusion outlier, with the location of the first diffusion outlier marked as point B1; the other data point is marked as the second diffusion outlier, with the location of the second diffusion outlier marked as point B2;

[0018] S6. Based on step S5, at time T2, if a third data point that has just broken through the normal data trend model exists, it is marked as a third diffusion outlier, and the location of the third diffusion outlier is marked as point B3. Two median perpendicular planes are simulated from any two points among points B1, B2, and B3. The median perpendicular planes intersect to obtain a straight line M passing through the abnormal temperature core area.

[0019] S7. Based on step S5, if at time T3 two data points that have just broken through the normal data trend model exist, mark both data points as diffusion secondary outliers, one of which is marked as the first diffusion secondary outlier, with the location of the first diffusion secondary outlier marked as point C1; the other is marked as the second diffusion secondary outlier, with the location of the second diffusion secondary outlier marked as point C2. The median perpendicular plane simulated by B1 and B2 intersects the median perpendicular plane simulated by C1 and C2, thereby obtaining a straight line N passing through the abnormal temperature core area.

[0020] S8. On the basis of step S6 or step S7, obtain the foot of the perpendicular passing through point A and straight line M or straight line N, set the foot of the perpendicular as the core area of abnormal temperature in the coal pile space model, and set the space with a radius of L / 2 around the core area as the key prevention area.

[0021] Preferably, the range of L in step S1 is 0.3-3 meters. More preferably, L is 2 meters.

[0022] Furthermore, the simulation of the coal pile space in step S2 is based on parameters of a cylindrical coal bunker storing coal. Arranging the optical fiber spatial structure includes arranging a plurality of temperature-sensing optical fibers vertically within the cylindrical coal bunker at a distance of no more than 2 meters from each other; the optical fiber spatial structure formed by all the temperature-sensing optical fibers corresponds to the internal space of the cylindrical coal bunker.

[0023] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a positioning method based on the core area of coal temperature anomaly applied to the positioning system of the silo, including a cylindrical coal bin, an optical fiber temperature measurement system and an information processing system including a processor and a memory, the information processing system processes and calculates the data collected by the optical fiber temperature measurement system; the temperature measuring optical fiber of the optical fiber temperature measurement system forms a temperature measurement space structure that penetrates up and down in the cylindrical coal bin, and the temperature measurement space structure is consistent with the contour of the inner wall of the cylindrical coal bin and is fixed to the cylindrical coal bin; the adjacent distance between the temperature measuring optical fibers in the temperature measurement space structure does not exceed 3 meters.

[0024] Furthermore, the temperature measurement space structure is composed of multiple groups of annular temperature measurement optical fibers arranged in the upper and lower directions, and the adjacent intervals between the temperature measurement optical fibers do not exceed 3 meters; the uppermost annular temperature measurement optical fiber is arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical coal bin, and the lowermost annular temperature measurement optical fiber is arranged on the funnel wall of the discharge funnel.

[0025] Furthermore, the temperature measurement space structure is formed by temperature measurement optical fibers arranged in a spiral shape in the vertical direction, and the adjacent pitch of the temperature measurement optical fibers does not exceed 3 meters. Preferably, the adjacent spacing distance of the temperature measurement optical fibers is 2 meters.

[0026] Furthermore, the spacing between the annular temperature measuring optical fibers arranged on the funnel wall is smaller than the spacing between the annular temperature measuring optical fibers arranged on the upper coal bunker wall of the cylindrical coal bunker.

[0027] Furthermore, the cylindrical coal bunker is an elliptical structure, and the spiral form is an elliptical spiral.

[0028] Furthermore, the cylindrical coal bunker is a circular structure, and the spiral form is a circular spiral.

[0029] Furthermore, the upper end of the temperature measuring optical fiber is arranged on the inner top wall of the cylindrical coal bunker, and the lower end of the temperature measuring optical fiber is arranged on the inner wall of the discharge hopper of the cylindrical coal bunker.

[0030] Furthermore, there are a plurality of temperature measuring optical fibers, and the spiral formed by all the temperature measuring optical fibers is discontinuously distributed in the upper and lower directions on the inner wall of the cylindrical coal bin.

[0031] Furthermore, the number of the temperature measuring optical fiber is one.

[0032] Furthermore, in the space formed by the upper and lower ends of the temperature measuring optical fiber, there are no less than two temperature measuring optical fibers arranged in the same spiral manner, and all the temperature measuring optical fibers in the space divide the inner wall of the cylindrical coal bin in the space into several areas of equal area.

[0033] Wherein, the temperature measuring optical fiber is embedded in the inner wall of the cylindrical coal bunker or fixed to the inner wall of the cylindrical coal bunker through a connecting device.

[0034] Wherein, the spiral pitch at the discharge funnel at the lower part of the cylindrical coal bunker is smaller than the spiral pitch at other installation positions.

[0035] The pitch of the helix forms the same periodic rule in the longitudinal direction, and the pitch of the temperature measuring optical fiber is different in each period.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention provides a method for locating the core area of abnormal temperature in a coal pile based on an optical fiber temperature measurement system: first, actual temperature data is collected using an optical fiber temperature measurement system, a temperature law model is created based on the changing law of the data, and then the model is used to detect and evaluate real-time temperature data information. Finally, based on the abnormal temperature, information feedback to the optical fiber temperature measurement system is provided to locate the core area of abnormal temperature in the coal pile.

[0037] This method has a strong warning and positioning effect in preventing the spontaneous combustion of coal piles, especially coal in coal storage bins. At the same time, based on this method, a positioning system for applying this method in silos has been proposed. The optical fiber arrangement of this system has two types: annular arrangement and spiral arrangement. The spiral arrangement utilizes the characteristic of the spiral angle to detect not only the horizontal circumferential temperature of the coal bin, but also the temperature in the vertical direction of the coal bin. Compared with the annular arrangement, it can achieve a wider temperature measurement range and deeper dimensions. The spiral arrangement of temperature measurement optical fiber can not only monitor the temperature, but also spatially locate high-temperature abnormalities in the coal bin. After intervention at the high-temperature abnormality point, the results of the intervention can be evaluated by comparing the monitoring of the high-temperature abnormality point before and after. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 An implementation method of the present invention for locating the core area of temperature anomaly;

[0039] Figure 2 Another implementation method of the present invention for locating the core area of temperature anomaly;

[0040] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of positioning in the embodiment;

[0041] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of positioning in the embodiment;

[0042] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the circular optical fiber arrangement in a cylindrical coal bunker;

[0043] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the working principle of the positioning system;

[0044] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the spiral arrangement of a single temperature measuring optical fiber Schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the inner wall of a cylindrical coal bunker divided into two areas by two temperature measuring optical fibers;

[0046] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the intermittent arrangement of optical fiber temperature measurement;

[0047] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of two sets of periodic spiral arrangements.

[0048] In the figure, 1 is the abnormal point, 2 is the temperature measuring optical fiber, 3 is the adjacent optical fiber, 4 is the inner wall of the coal bunker, 5 is the funnel wall, A is the first outlier point, B1 is the first diffusion outlier point, B2 is the second diffusion outlier point, B3 is the third diffusion outlier point, C1 is the first diffusion secondary outlier point, C2 is the first diffusion secondary outlier point, and E is the third measuring point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0050] A method for locating the core area of coal temperature anomalies includes the following steps: S1. Using optical fibers from a fiber optic temperature measurement system to form a fiber optic spatial structure in contact with a coal pile, the distance between two adjacent optical fibers in the fiber optic spatial structure is controlled to not exceed L, where L is 3 meters. Considering the poor heat transfer efficiency of coal, L ranges from 0.3 to 3 meters, with a preferred distance of 2 meters for both economic and practical reasons. Considering the practical need to access and store coal piles, the fiber optic spatial structure should be based on the maximum storage capacity of the coal pile. This way, with each access and storage, parts of the fiber optic spatial structure will be exposed or covered.

[0051] S2. Simulate a coal pile spatial model in the data processor. For coal piles with regular shapes, a fixed coal pile spatial model can be established, such as a cylindrical coal bunker. If it is a cylindrical coal bunker, the coal pile spatial simulation refers to the parameters of the cylindrical coal bunker for storing coal. If the coal pile does not have a fixed shape during storage, the coal will often form a naturally falling and agglomerated manner when it is dumped. For example, in a circular coal yard, coal falls to form a coal pile accumulated on the coal retaining wall. For such coal piles, it is possible to consider setting up a camera to capture the external contour of the coal pile through the camera to directly establish the coal pile spatial model.

[0052] S3. The optical fiber spatial structure described in step S1 is spatially mapped to the coal pile spatial model described in step S2. The optical fiber spatial structure captures normal temperature data within the coal pile and transmits it to a memory. This normal data is processed by a data processor to form a normal data trend model. Each location in the coal pile must correspond to the optical fiber spatial structure, so that the temperature of the optical fiber spatial structure can reflect the temperature of the coal pile space. In the early stages of coal pile formation, or before high-temperature oxidation, temperature changes within the coal pile are detected using temperature-measuring optical fibers. Normal temperature data within the coal is collected, and the data processor simulates patterns from this data, which are then used to form a model. This model is used to monitor and serve as a criterion for predicting future temperature anomalies. Since the oxygen content, particle size, and compactness of coal vary from location to location during a coal pile, using the actual data variation patterns detected by the temperature-measuring optical fibers as a model is microscopically adaptive, and the resulting regularity model is more suitable for the microscopic temperature variation patterns of the coal.

[0053] S4. If the optical fiber spatial structure obtains temperature data that is abnormal relative to the normal data trend model for the first time, the abnormal temperature data is marked as the first outlier, such as Figure 1 As shown; the moment of obtaining the first outlier is marked as T1, and the position of obtaining the first outlier is recorded as point A; after high temperature is generated at the outlier point 1, the temperature measuring optical fiber first detects that the temperature exceeds the model temperature at this point at time T1.

[0054] S5. If the optical fiber space structure receives an increasing number of data with temperature anomalies relative to the normal data trend model, then at time T2, two data that simultaneously break through the normal data trend model are selected and the two data are marked as diffusion outliers; one of them is marked as the first diffusion outlier, and the position of the first diffusion outlier is marked as point B1; the other is marked as the second diffusion outlier, and the position of the second diffusion outlier is marked as point B2.

[0055] S6. A calculation method based on step S5: At time T2, if there is a third data that just breaks through the normal data trend model, it is marked as the third diffusion outlier. Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the position of the third diffusion anomaly is marked as point B3; two median perpendicular planes are simulated from any two points among points B1, B2 and B3, and a straight line M passing through the abnormal temperature core area is obtained by intersecting the median perpendicular planes; the abnormal point 1 is on the straight line M.

[0056] S7. Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, another calculation method based on step S5 is as follows: If at time T3, two data points on adjacent optical fibers 3 that have just broken through the normal data trend model are simultaneously present, both data points are marked as diffusion secondary outliers, one of which is marked as the first diffusion secondary outlier, with its location labeled C1; the other is marked as the second diffusion secondary outlier, with its location labeled C2. The perpendicular midplane simulated by B1 and B2 intersects the perpendicular midplane simulated by C1 and C2, thereby obtaining a straight line N passing through the abnormal temperature core region; abnormal point 1 is located on this straight line N.

[0057] S8. Based on step S6 or step S7, the foot of a perpendicular line passing through point A and line M or line N, corresponding to the two different scenarios, is obtained. The foot of the perpendicular line is defined as the core area of abnormal temperature in the coal pile spatial model. The space around this core area, with a radius of L / 2, is defined as the key prevention area. The processor can also display the location of the determined key prevention area on a display for easy reference.

[0058] When coal is stored in a cylindrical coal bunker, the fiber optic spatial structure can also be arranged by placing several temperature-sensing optical fibers within the bunker, no more than two meters apart. The resulting fiber optic spatial structure corresponds to the internal space of the bunker. The temperature-sensing optical fibers can be suspended from the top of the bunker, with the lower ends of the fibers either fixed to the bottom or allowed to hang freely. As coal is removed from and stored in the bunker, portions of the temperature-sensing optical fibers become exposed or buried. Imaging equipment can also be added to the bunker roof to assist in creating a three-dimensional spatial model of the bunker.

[0059] pass Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 This method can quickly locate the high-temperature core area when the coal body produces abnormal temperature during oxidation, which is very helpful for preventing spontaneous combustion.

[0060] The present invention utilizes a method for locating the core area of abnormal coal temperature in a silo positioning system. The system comprises a cylindrical coal silo, a fiber optic temperature measurement system, and an information processing system including a processor and memory. The information processing system processes and calculates data collected by the fiber optic temperature measurement system. The temperature measurement optical fibers of the fiber optic temperature measurement system form a temperature measurement space structure extending vertically through the cylindrical coal silo. The temperature measurement space structure conforms to the contour of the inner wall of the cylindrical coal silo and is fixed to the cylindrical coal silo. The adjacent temperature measurement optical fibers in the temperature measurement space structure are spaced no closer than 3 meters, preferably 2 meters. The fiber optic temperature measurement system includes a fiber optic system that receives and processes the optical fiber signals. The system determines temperature signal changes at a specific location on the temperature measurement optical fiber 2 based on the signal fed back from the temperature measurement optical fiber 2. Specifically, the fiber optic temperature measurement system can be a fiber optic host computer compatible with the temperature measurement optical fiber 2. The information processing system collects data from the fiber optic temperature measurement system, performs data calculations, and then provides warnings if a predetermined set value is exceeded. Specifically, the information processing system includes a data storage module, a data processing module, and an image display module. The fiber optic host uploads the fiber optic test results to the computer's data storage module via the communication module. The data is then processed and calculated in the computer's data processing module. Based on the calculation results, the results are fed back to the user in the form of a three-dimensional model on the display module. The calculated model can also be combined with actual measured data to provide corresponding warnings. The warning content can be an alarm for temperatures exceeding a trend line or an alarm for the identification of a core area of temperature anomaly.

[0061] Example 1:

[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, the temperature measurement space consists of multiple groups of circular temperature measurement fibers spaced vertically, with the spacing between adjacent fibers no more than 3 meters, preferably 2 meters. The topmost ring is placed on the inner wall of the cylindrical coal bunker, while the bottommost ring is placed on the wall of the discharge hopper. All these rings form a vertically penetrating structure, facilitating coal storage. The entire fiber optic network is close to or in contact with the inner wall of the cylindrical coal bunker.

[0063] The temperature measurement space structure consists of multiple groups of annular temperature measurement optical fibers arranged in the upper and lower directions, and the adjacent intervals between the temperature measurement optical fibers do not exceed 3 meters; the uppermost annular temperature measurement optical fiber is arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical coal bunker, and the lowermost annular temperature measurement optical fiber is arranged on the funnel wall of the discharge funnel.

[0064] Example 2:

[0065] This embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that the temperature measurement space structure comprises temperature measurement optical fibers arranged in a spiral pattern in the vertical direction. The pitch between adjacent temperature measurement optical fibers does not exceed 3 meters, which improves overall measurement accuracy and cost. The pitch can be 2 meters. The spacing between the annular temperature measurement optical fibers arranged on the funnel wall is smaller than the spacing between the annular temperature measurement optical fibers arranged on the upper coal bunker wall of the cylindrical coal bunker.

[0066] In the cylindrical coal bunker, the temperature measuring optical fiber of the optical fiber temperature measuring system forms an overall structure of an upper and lower spiral. The distribution of the upper and lower spirals is relative to the upper and lower spaces of the cylindrical coal bunker. The spiral structure is distributed in a spiral manner near the inner wall 4 of the cylindrical coal bunker. The temperature measuring optical fiber 2 can maintain a certain distance relative to the inner wall 4 of the coal bunker to penetrate deep into the coal storage, or it can be close to the inner wall 4 of the coal bunker. Regardless of the method, the temperature measuring optical fiber 2 will eventually be directly or indirectly attached to the cylindrical coal bunker and fixed. If it is a direct connection, the temperature measuring optical fiber can be embedded in the inner wall 4 of the coal bunker. If it is an indirect connection, it can be fixed to the inner wall 4 of the coal bunker through a connecting device. The connecting device can be a combination of rivets and brackets, as well as other methods that can fix the optical fiber to the inner wall 4 of the coal bunker.

[0067] If the cylindrical coal bunker is circular, the temperature-sensing optical fiber 2 is attached to the inner wall of the bunker, and its spiral pattern is a circular spiral. If the cylindrical coal bunker is elliptical, the temperature-sensing optical fiber 2 is attached to the inner wall of the bunker, and its spiral pattern is an elliptical spiral. When the temperature-sensing optical fiber is attached to the inner wall 4 of the cylindrical coal bunker, the degree of bending of the temperature-sensing optical fiber follows the contour of the inner wall 4 of the cylindrical coal bunker, and the overall structure after bending is spiral.

[0068] Working principle:

[0069] While the present invention uses a temperature-measuring optical fiber 2 to measure the temperature of a cylindrical coal bunker and is used to monitor the temperature of coal in a cylindrical coal bunker or a closed coal bunker at any time, it is more specifically used to locate the core area of abnormal temperature in the coal bunker where spontaneous combustion may occur. Therefore, the main point of the present invention is not only to monitor temperature, but more importantly, to invert the spatial position of the abnormal point 1 in the cylindrical coal bunker through the abnormal temperature change point and the spirally distributed temperature-measuring optical fiber 2, and to roughly locate and estimate the spatial position of the cylindrical coal bunker where the abnormal temperature core area is located. Another key point of the present invention is to evaluate the flame retardant effect of the abnormal temperature area.

[0070] Positioning implementation method:

[0071] Locate the core area of abnormal temperature. Figures 7 to 9 As shown, if high temperature is generated at abnormal point 1 in the coal bunker at time T1, the temperature change is first sensed at the primary abnormal point A. As the high temperature radiates, at time T2, the first diffusion abnormal point B1 and the second diffusion abnormal point B2 begin to sense the temperature change simultaneously. At time T3, the first diffusion secondary abnormal point C1 and the second diffusion secondary abnormal point C2 begin to sense the temperature change simultaneously. Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, a computer simulates a first median perpendicular plane based on the curvature and other parameters of the coal bunker, combined with the first and second diffusion points B1 and B2. A second median perpendicular plane is then simulated based on the first and second diffusion points C1 and C2. The intersection line N of the first and second median perpendicular planes is simulated. Based on the first detected point A and line N, the computer locates the foot of the perpendicular to line N, which passes through the first point A, as the core location of the high-temperature spot. In this process, the helically arranged temperature-measuring optical fiber 2 not only detects abnormal temperatures based on the temperature change trend but also calculates the length of the abnormal temperature change. The location of the monitoring point in the coal bunker is calculated based on the fiber length and helical parameters during the temperature change. This monitoring point is then used to determine the core location of the high-temperature spot. Another method for identifying high-temperature monitoring points is to associate the length of the temperature-measuring optical fiber 2 with the location of the bunker during construction, thereby constructing a three-dimensional model of the cylindrical coal bunker. In this way, when the temperature measuring optical fiber 2 detects high temperature, the specific position of the cylindrical coal bunker can be directly determined, which also facilitates computer calculation and output display.

[0072] In the above case, if three points are measured at the same time at time T2, namely the first diffusion point B1, the second diffusion point B2 and the third diffusion point B3, then Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, we obtain the line M where the median perpendicular planes intersect. Using the above method, we determine the foot of the perpendicular, which is the core location of the hot spot. Correspondingly, the area in the space with the foot of the perpendicular as the center and a radius of L / 2 is the area requiring attention. If the pitch is 2 meters, the area requiring attention is a spherical space with a radius of 1 meter.

[0073] The main advantage of the spiral arrangement of optical fiber temperature measurement over the currently common annular arrangement is that the spiral itself not only has an annular structure that can detect temperature changes in the coal bin, but also based on the spiral's rotation angle, it can detect temperature in the upper and lower directions of the coal bin inner wall 4. Because when coal is stored in a silo, the temperature of the coal bin at different heights in the silo is also different. For example, the temperature at the top of the coal bin is generally slightly lower than that at the bottom of the coal bin. The spirally arranged temperature measuring optical fiber 2 can detect temperature trend changes in a more three-dimensional manner due to the spiral inclination. Compared with the arrangement of multiple circular ring structures, the spirally arranged temperature measuring optical fiber 2 has the characteristic of good overall continuity, and the signal transmitted by the optical fiber host is displayed as a smoother trend line, which is convenient for discovering high-temperature anomaly points 1. For the temperature anomaly point 1, the temperature of its core radiates and diffuses in the coal bin in a form similar to a spatial sphere. The spirally arranged temperature measuring optical fiber 2 has the ability to detect simultaneously in the upper and lower and horizontal directions due to the presence of the spiral inclination.

[0074] If the quality of fire prevention measures implemented needs to be evaluated, particularly at the discharge hopper at the bottom of the coal bunker, if high temperatures accumulate in the discharge hopper wall 5, rapid, large-scale coal discharge can generally be used to prevent spontaneous combustion, or inert gas injection can be used to prevent fire. If the temperature-sensing optical fiber 2 arranged in a spiral structure on the hopper wall 5 detects a temperature anomaly 1 and identifies the core of the temperature anomaly, large-scale coal discharge can be used to prevent spontaneous combustion. Before coal discharge, the processor displays the abnormal temperature core on a computer. Ideally, the coal bunker and the temperature anomaly 1 can be mapped in a three-dimensional model. After coal discharge, the spiral-structured temperature-sensing optical fiber 2 is used again to detect the presence of the temperature anomaly 1. Through before-and-after comparison and testing, the effectiveness of coal discharge in preventing spontaneous combustion can be evaluated. If inert gas injection is used, the effectiveness of the injected inert gas in preventing fire can be determined by analyzing the temperature trend before and after injection and whether new high-temperature points are detected.

[0075] Example 3:

[0076] On the basis of Example 2, Figure 7 As shown, the specific arrangement of the temperature measuring optical fiber 2 in the present invention can be: the upper end of the temperature measuring optical fiber is arranged on the inner top wall of the cylindrical coal bunker, and the lower end of the temperature measuring optical fiber is arranged on the discharge funnel wall 5 of the cylindrical coal bunker. The number of temperature measuring optical fibers is one.

[0077] Example 4:

[0078] Based on the second embodiment, the difference from the third embodiment is that the temperature measuring optical fibers 2 used in this embodiment can be multiple, such as 2, 3 or 4. In the cylindrical coal bunker, in the space formed by the upper and lower ends of each temperature measuring optical fiber, there are multiple temperature measuring optical fibers 2 with the same spiral pattern. All the temperature measuring optical fibers 2 in the space divide the coal wall of the space into several areas of equal area. Figure 8 As shown, taking two optical temperature measuring fibers 2 as an example, the two optical temperature measuring fibers 2 divide the inner wall 2 of the silo into two areas of equal area.

[0079] The functions of multiple temperature measuring optical fibers are: 1. Increasing the density of optical fiber layout and improving measurement accuracy; 2. A larger number of optical fiber temperature measurements can improve the redundancy of the entire system operation and enhance the stability of the temperature measurement system operation; 3. Multiple temperature measuring optical fibers 2 divide the inner wall 4 of the coal bunker into the same area, making it easier to measure the overall temperature changes of the coal bunker.

[0080] Example 5:

[0081] On the basis of the second embodiment, in order to detect the temperature change of the key area of the coal bunker, a plurality of temperature measuring optical fibers can be used, and the spiral formed by all the temperature measuring optical fibers 2 is intermittently distributed on the inner wall 4 of the cylindrical coal bunker in the vertical direction. Figure 9 As shown, taking the temperature measuring optical fibers 2 used as a group of two as an example, each group is coordinated and staggered with each other, and each group is arranged in an intermittent manner.

[0082] Example 6:

[0083] Based on the second embodiment, in the above embodiment, considering that the coal bunker discharge port is prone to high temperature and spontaneous combustion, the spiral pitch at the discharge hopper at the bottom of the cylindrical coal bunker is smaller than the spiral pitch at other installation locations, thereby increasing the accuracy of detection.

[0084] Example 7:

[0085] On the basis of the second embodiment, the spiral manner in the above embodiments is mostly the same pitch manner, and can also be Figure 10 In the arrangement shown, the pitch of the spiral forms the same periodic rule in the longitudinal direction, and the pitch of the temperature measuring optical fiber 2 is different in each period, presenting different sparse densities as a whole.

[0086] The present invention has been described above based on embodiments and variations. However, the embodiments described above are examples to facilitate understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, improvements, and equivalent substitutions made within the spirit and principles of the present invention and the scope of the claims shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, if a technical feature is not described as indispensable in this specification, it may be appropriately deleted.

Claims

1. A method for locating the core area of coal temperature anomaly, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The optical fiber temperature measurement system is in contact with the coal pile by forming an optical fiber space structure, and the distance L between two adjacent optical fibers in the optical fiber space structure is controlled to be no more than 3 meters; S2. Simulating a coal pile spatial model in a data processor; S3. The optical fiber spatial structure in step S1 is spatially aligned with the coal pile spatial model in step S2; the optical fiber spatial structure obtains normal temperature data of the coal pile and transmits it to a memory, and the normal data is processed by the data processor to form a normal data trend model; S4. If the optical fiber spatial structure acquires temperature data that is abnormal relative to the normal data trend model for the first time, the abnormal temperature data is marked as a first outlier; the time of acquisition of the first outlier is marked as T1, and the location of the first outlier is recorded as point A; S5. If the optical fiber spatial structure receives an increasing number of data indicating temperature anomalies relative to the normal data trend model, then at time T2, simultaneously select two data points that have just broken through the normal data trend model and mark them as diffusion outliers; one of the data points is marked as the first diffusion outlier, with the location of the first diffusion outlier being marked as point B1; the other data point is marked as the second diffusion outlier, with the location of the second diffusion outlier being marked as point B2; S6. Based on step S5, at time T2, if a third data point that has just broken through the normal data trend model exists, it is marked as a third diffusion outlier, and the location of the third diffusion outlier is marked as point B3. Two median perpendicular planes are simulated from any two points among points B1, B2, and B3. The median perpendicular planes intersect to obtain a straight line M passing through the abnormal temperature core area. S7. Based on step S5, if at time T3 two data points that have just broken through the normal data trend model exist, mark both data points as diffusion secondary outliers, one of which is marked as the first diffusion secondary outlier, with the location of the first diffusion secondary outlier marked as point C1; the other is marked as the second diffusion secondary outlier, with the location of the second diffusion secondary outlier marked as point C2. The median perpendicular plane simulated by B1 and B2 intersects the median perpendicular plane simulated by C1 and C2, thereby obtaining a straight line N passing through the abnormal temperature core area. S8. On the basis of step S6 or step S7, obtain the foot of the perpendicular passing through point A and straight line M or straight line N, set the foot of the perpendicular as the core area of abnormal temperature in the coal pile space model, and set the space with a radius of L / 2 around the core area as the key prevention area.

2. The method for locating the core area of coal temperature anomaly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The range of L in step S1 is 0.3-3 meters.

3. The method for locating the core area of abnormal coal temperature according to claim 2, characterized in that: The L is 2 meters.

4. The method for locating the core area of coal temperature anomaly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The simulation of the coal pile space in step S2 refers to the parameters of a cylindrical coal bunker storing coal.

5. The method for locating the core area of abnormal coal temperature according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method of arranging the optical fiber space structure includes: arranging a plurality of temperature measuring optical fibers up and down in the cylindrical coal bunker at a distance of no more than 2 meters from each other; the optical fiber space structure formed by all temperature measuring optical fibers corresponds to the internal space of the cylindrical coal bunker.

6. A positioning system for a silo based on the positioning method of claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a cylindrical coal bunker, an optical fiber temperature measurement system and an information processing system including a processor and a memory. The information processing system processes and calculates the data collected by the optical fiber temperature measurement system. The temperature measurement optical fiber of the optical fiber temperature measurement system forms a temperature measurement space structure that runs through the cylindrical coal bunker from top to bottom. The temperature measurement space structure is consistent with the contour of the inner wall of the cylindrical coal bunker and is fixed to the cylindrical coal bunker. The adjacent distance between the temperature measurement optical fibers in the temperature measurement space structure does not exceed 3 meters.

7. The positioning system for silos according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature measurement space structure is composed of multiple groups of annular temperature measurement optical fibers arranged in the upper and lower directions, and the adjacent intervals between the temperature measurement optical fibers do not exceed 3 meters; the uppermost annular temperature measurement optical fiber is arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical coal bin, and the lowermost annular temperature measurement optical fiber is arranged on the funnel wall of the discharge funnel.

8. The positioning system for silos according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature measurement space structure is composed of temperature measurement optical fibers arranged in a spiral shape in the up and down directions, and the adjacent pitches of the temperature measurement optical fibers do not exceed 3 meters.

9. The positioning system for silos according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spacing between the annular temperature measuring optical fibers arranged on the funnel wall is smaller than the spacing between the annular temperature measuring optical fibers arranged on the upper coal bunker wall of the cylindrical coal bunker.

10. The positioning system for silos according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjacent interval distance of the temperature measuring optical fibers is 2 meters.

11. The system for use in a silo according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cylindrical coal bunker is an elliptical structure, and the spiral form is an elliptical spiral.

12. The positioning system for a silo according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cylindrical coal bunker is a circular structure, and the spiral form is a circular spiral.

13. The positioning system for a silo according to claim 12, characterized in that: The upper end of the temperature measuring optical fiber is arranged on the inner top wall of the cylindrical coal bunker, and the lower end of the temperature measuring optical fiber is arranged on the inner wall of the discharge hopper of the cylindrical coal bunker.

14. The positioning system for a silo according to claim 12, characterized in that: There are a plurality of temperature measuring optical fibers, and the spiral formed by all the temperature measuring optical fibers is discontinuously distributed on the inner wall of the cylindrical coal bin in the vertical direction.

15. The positioning system for a silo according to claim 14, characterized in that: The number of the temperature measuring optical fiber is one.

16. The positioning system for a silo according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that: In the space formed by the upper and lower ends of the temperature measuring optical fiber, there are no less than two temperature measuring optical fibers arranged in the same spiral manner. All the temperature measuring optical fibers in the space divide the inner wall of the cylindrical coal bin in the space into several areas of equal area.

17. The positioning system for a silo according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature measuring optical fiber is embedded in the inner wall of the cylindrical coal bunker or fixed to the inner wall of the cylindrical coal bunker through a connecting device.

18. The positioning system for a silo according to claim 8, characterized in that: The spiral pitch at the discharge hopper at the lower part of the cylindrical coal bunker is smaller than the spiral pitch at other installation positions.

19. The positioning system for a silo according to claim 8, 11 or 12, characterized in that: The pitch of the helix forms the same periodic rule in the longitudinal direction, and the pitch of the temperature measuring optical fiber is different in each period.

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