Antenna arrays and multi-frequency antennas

Abstract

This application relates to an antenna array and a multi-frequency antenna. The antenna array includes a reflector, radiating elements, and a feeding system. Multiple radiating elements are sequentially arranged on the front side of the reflector along a first direction. Each radiating element includes a first polarized feed element and a second polarized feed element. The feeding system includes a first cavity and a second cavity connected to the back side of the reflector and stacked vertically, a first feeding network disposed within the first cavity, and a second feeding network disposed within the second cavity. By arranging the first and second cavities in a stacked configuration on the back side of the reflector, with the first polarized feed element extending downwards and electrically connected to a corresponding first output terminal, and the second polarized feed element extending downwards and electrically connected to a corresponding second output terminal, this arrangement provides a compact structure, maximizing the size savings of the feeding system and achieving high integration of the antenna array.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna array and a multi-frequency antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of mobile communication networks, multi-frequency shared antennas have become the mainstream of base station antennas. In existing multi-frequency base station antennas, the radiating element and the feed network are generally connected by coaxial cable. Due to the large number of frequency bands, the cable routing is very complicated, which occupies a lot of space, resulting in a very compact antenna layout, difficult assembly, low production efficiency, high cable loss, and low antenna efficiency.

[0003] Consequently, multi-frequency antennas in traditional technology eliminate the need for coaxial cables by setting two feeding cavities on one side of the metal reflector. The two feeding cavities are usually arranged horizontally on one side of the metal reflector (i.e., the feeding network is parallel to the metal reflector), or usually arranged vertically on one side of the metal reflector (i.e., the feeding network is perpendicular to the metal reflector).

[0004] However, while a horizontal arrangement of the two feed cavities can reduce the height of the antenna array, the relatively wide single-row array makes it difficult to meet the narrow cross-section requirements of multi-frequency antennas. Furthermore, a vertical arrangement of the two feed cavities, with a narrow single-row array, can compress the antenna's width but increases the height of the multi-frequency antenna. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide an antenna array and multi-frequency antenna that can achieve a compact structure, high integration and small size.

[0006] The technical solution is as follows: An antenna array, comprising:

[0007] A radiating unit, the radiating unit comprising a first polarization feed element and a second polarization feed element;

[0008] A power supply system, the power supply system including a power supply network unit disposed below the radiating unit, the power supply network unit including a first cavity and a second cavity stacked on top of each other, and a first power supply network and a second power supply network respectively disposed in the first cavity and the second cavity;

[0009] The power supply network unit is provided with a power supply port, which includes a first output terminal and a second output terminal. The first output terminal and the second output terminal are respectively provided by the first power supply network and the second power supply network on the same side of the first cavity and the second cavity. The first output terminal and the second output terminal are respectively connected to the first polarization power supply component and the second polarization power supply component.

[0010] In one embodiment, there are multiple radiation units, which are spaced apart along the longitudinal direction of the first cavity, and there are multiple first output terminals and multiple second output terminals respectively; the multiple first output terminals and the multiple second output terminals are spaced apart along the longitudinal direction of the first cavity and the second cavity, and the first polarization feeder and the second polarization feeder are spaced apart along the longitudinal direction of the first cavity and the second cavity.

[0011] In one embodiment, the power supply system further includes a signal transmission unit, which includes a first transmission component and a second transmission component disposed on the same side of the first cavity and the second cavity. One end of the first transmission component and the second transmission component are respectively connected to the first output terminal and the second output terminal, and the other end of the first transmission component and the second transmission component are respectively connected to the first polarization power supply component and the second polarization power supply component.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first transmission component and the second transmission component include a third cavity and a fourth cavity stacked on the same side of the first cavity and the second cavity, a first signal transmission line disposed inside the third cavity, and a second signal transmission line disposed inside the fourth cavity; the first signal transmission line is electrically connected to the first output terminal and the first polarization feeder respectively; the second signal transmission line is electrically connected to the second output terminal and the second polarization feeder respectively.

[0013] In one embodiment, both the first signal transmission line and the second signal transmission line are PCB circuit boards or metal conductor air strips.

[0014] In one embodiment, the third cavity and the first cavity are provided with a first common metal wall, the first common metal wall is provided with a first clearance hole, one end of the first signal transmission line passes through the first clearance hole and extends into the first cavity to be connected to the first output terminal.

[0015] The fourth cavity and the second cavity are provided with a second common metal wall. The second common metal wall is provided with a second clearance hole. One end of the second signal transmission line passes through the second clearance hole and extends into the interior of the second cavity to be connected to the second output terminal.

[0016] In one embodiment, the other end of the first signal transmission line is located at the vertical projection of the first polarization feeder, and the third cavity is provided with a third clearance hole corresponding to the first polarization feeder. The first polarization feeder extends into the third cavity through the corresponding third clearance hole and is connected to the other end of the first signal transmission line.

[0017] The other end of the second signal transmission line is located at the vertical projection of the second polarization feeder. The third cavity and the fourth cavity are each provided with a fourth clearance hole corresponding to the second polarization feeder. The second polarization feeder extends into the fourth cavity through the corresponding fourth clearance hole and is connected to the other end of the second signal transmission line.

[0018] In one embodiment, the third cavity is a closed cavity structure along its length, or an open cavity structure; the fourth cavity is a closed cavity structure along its length, or an open cavity structure.

[0019] In one embodiment, there are multiple radiating elements, multiple feed ports, multiple first signal transmission lines, and multiple second signal transmission lines. Each of the multiple feed ports, multiple first signal transmission lines, and multiple second signal transmission lines is correspondingly arranged with multiple radiating elements. The length of each first signal transmission line and each second signal transmission line is related to the phase distribution of the corresponding radiating element to achieve the phase matching required by the antenna array.

[0020] In one embodiment, the first cavity, the second cavity, the third cavity, and the fourth cavity are integrally formed.

[0021] In one embodiment, both the first power supply network and the second power supply network are PCB circuit boards or metal conductor air strips.

[0022] In one embodiment, the radiating element further includes a radiator; the antenna array further includes a reflector;

[0023] Wherein, the reflector and the upper cavity of the feeding system are an integrated structure, and the reflector and each of the radiators are connected to a common ground; or...

[0024] The reflector and the upper cavity of the power supply system are separate structures, and the reflector, each of the radiators, and the upper cavity of the power supply system are connected to a common ground; or...

[0025] The reflector and the upper cavity of the power supply system are separate structures. Each radiator is connected to the upper cavity of the power supply system via a common ground. The reflector has multiple first clearance windows corresponding to the multiple radiators, and the radiators pass through the corresponding first clearance windows; or...

[0026] The reflector and the upper cavity of the power supply system are separate structures. Each radiator and the middle layer of the power supply system share a common metal wall and ground connection. The reflector is provided with a plurality of first clearance windows corresponding to each radiator. The top wall of the upper cavity is provided with a second clearance window corresponding to the first clearance window. The radiators are sequentially inserted into the corresponding first clearance window and the second clearance window.

[0027] In one embodiment, the radiating unit further includes a radiator, and the first polarization feed element and the second polarization feed element are each coupled to the radiator.

[0028] In one embodiment, the radiator is integrally die-cast.

[0029] A multi-frequency antenna, the multi-frequency antenna comprising at least one of the aforementioned antenna arrays.

[0030] In one embodiment, there are at least two antenna arrays, which are spaced apart along the width of the reflector of the multi-frequency antenna; each antenna array may be in the same frequency band or a different frequency band, and each antenna array shares a reflector.

[0031] The aforementioned antenna array and multi-frequency antenna arrange the first cavity and the second cavity in a stacked manner on the back of the reflector. The first feed network and the second feed network are respectively provided with a first output terminal and a second output terminal on the same side of the first cavity and the second cavity. The first polarized feed element extends downward and is electrically connected to the corresponding first output terminal, and the second polarized feed element extends downward and is electrically connected to the corresponding second output terminal. This arrangement has a compact structure, which can save the size of the feed system to the maximum extent and achieve a high degree of integration of the antenna array. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments of this application and their descriptions are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application.

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure after the radiator in the shown structure has been hidden;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity structure of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity structure of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity structure of the power supply system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure shown from one perspective;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first signal transmission line connected to a first power supply network according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the first signal transmission line is connected to the first power supply network according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the first signal transmission line is connected to the first power supply network according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna array according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna array according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Another perspective structural diagram of the structure shown;

[0048] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna array according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 16 for Figure 15 Another perspective structural diagram of the structure shown;

[0050] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-frequency antenna from one viewing angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 18 for Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective.

[0052] 10. Reflector; 11. First clearance window; 20. Radiation unit; 21. First polarization feeder; 22. Second polarization feeder; 23. Radiator; 30. Feeding system; 31. Upper cavity; 311. First cavity; 312. Third cavity; 3121. First opening; 313. First common metal wall; 314. Second clearance window; 32. Lower cavity; 321. Second cavity; 322. Fourth cavity; 3221. Second opening; 323. Second common metal wall; 33. First feed network; 331. First feed line; 34. Second feed network; 341. Second feed line; 35. First signal transmission line; 36. Second signal transmission line; 37. Intermediate layer common metal wall. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0054] Please see Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 6 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a radiation unit 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure shown with the radiator 23 hidden. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cavity structure of a power supply system 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 6A schematic diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. An embodiment of this application provides an antenna array comprising: a reflector 10, radiating elements 20, and a feeding system 30. Specifically, there are multiple radiating elements 20, arranged along a first direction of the reflector 10 (e.g., ...). Figure 3 or Figure 6 The radiation unit 20 (shown by the double arrow S) is sequentially arranged on the front side of the reflector 10. The radiation unit 20 includes a first polarization feed element 21 and a second polarization feed element 22. The feeding system 30 includes a feeding network unit located below the radiation unit 20. The feeding network unit includes a first cavity 311 and a second cavity 321 stacked vertically, and a first feeding network 33 and a second feeding network 34 respectively disposed within the first cavity 311 and the second cavity 321. Optionally, the first cavity 311 and the second cavity 321 are connected to the back side of the reflector 10. The feeding network unit has a feeding port, which includes a first output terminal and a second output terminal. The first output terminal and the second output terminal are respectively disposed on the same side of the first cavity 311 and the second cavity 321 by the first feeding network 33 and the second feeding network 34. The first output terminal and the second output terminal are respectively connected to the first polarization feed element 21 and the second polarization feed element 22. Specifically, there are multiple first output terminals, multiple second output terminals, and multiple radiation units 20. The multiple first output terminals and multiple second output terminals are each along the longitudinal direction of the first cavity 311 and the second cavity 321 (i.e., the first direction, such as...). Figure 3 or Figure 6 As shown by the double arrow S in the diagram, the first polarization feed element 21 and the second polarization feed element 22 are spaced apart along the longitudinal direction of the first cavity and the second cavity. Multiple first output terminals are correspondingly and electrically connected to multiple first polarization feed elements 21, and multiple second output terminals are correspondingly and electrically connected to multiple second polarization feed elements 22.

[0055] The antenna array described above arranges the first cavity 311 and the second cavity 321 in a stacked manner on the back of the reflector 10. The first feed network 33 and the second feed network 34 are respectively provided with a first output terminal and a second output terminal on the same side of the first cavity 311 and the second cavity 321. The first polarized feed element 21 extends downward and is electrically connected to the corresponding first output terminal, and the second polarized feed element 22 extends downward and is electrically connected to the corresponding second output terminal. This arrangement is compact and can save the size of the feed system 30 to the maximum extent, achieving a high degree of integration of the antenna array.

[0056] It should be noted that the "below" in "the feed network unit is located below the radiating unit 20" is understood to mean relative to the radiating unit 20, that is, the position opposite to the radiating arm of the radiating unit 20, and not limited to being below the radiating unit 20 after the entire antenna is actually installed. This is because the position of the radiating unit 20 is not a unique orientation after the antenna is installed on the base station, but can be arbitrarily placed according to actual needs. For example, if the radiating unit 20, the reflector, and the feed system are arranged horizontally from left to right, then the feed network unit and the radiating unit 20 are at the same height.

[0057] Please see Figures 3 to 5 and Figure 7 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The following are schematic diagrams showing the cavity structure of the power supply system 30 according to two embodiments of the present invention. Figure 7 It shows Figure 6 The diagram shows a schematic view of the structure from one perspective. In one embodiment, the power supply system 30 further includes a signal transmission unit. The signal transmission unit includes a first transmission component and a second transmission component disposed on the same side of the first cavity 311 and the second cavity 321. One end of the first transmission component and the second transmission component are respectively connected to the first output terminal and the second output terminal, and the other end of the first transmission component and the second transmission component are respectively connected to the first polarized power supply component 21 and the second polarized power supply component 22.

[0058] In one embodiment, the first transmission component and the second transmission component include a third cavity 312 and a fourth cavity 322 stacked on the same side of the first cavity 311 and the second cavity 321, a first signal transmission line disposed inside the third cavity 312, and a second signal transmission line disposed inside the fourth cavity 322. Specifically, the third cavity 312 and the fourth cavity 322 are connected to the back side of the reflector 10 and are stacked vertically. Furthermore, the third cavity 312 is arranged adjacent to the first cavity 311, and the fourth cavity 322 is arranged adjacent to the second cavity 321. The first signal transmission line is electrically connected to the first output terminal, and the first polarization feed member 21 extends downward through the third cavity 312 and is electrically connected to the first signal transmission line. Furthermore, the second signal transmission line is electrically connected to the second output terminal, and the second polarization feed member 22 extends downward through the fourth cavity 322 and is electrically connected to the second signal transmission line. Thus, the first polarization feed 21 is electrically connected to the first output terminal via a first signal transmission line located inside the third cavity 312, and the second polarization feed 22 is electrically connected to the second output terminal via a second signal transmission line located inside the fourth cavity 322. This allows for flexible adjustment of the lengths of the first and second signal transmission lines during antenna design, enabling both lines to perform phase matching. Furthermore, since the first feed network 33 is located inside the first cavity 311, the first polarization feed 21 does not need to extend into the first cavity 311 but can extend into the third cavity 312, resulting in better isolation. Similarly, the second feed network 34 is located inside the second cavity 321, and the second polarization feed 22 does not need to extend into the second cavity 321 but can extend into the fourth cavity 322, resulting in better isolation.

[0059] In one embodiment, the first signal transmission line 35 and the second signal transmission line 36 are both, but are not limited to, PCB circuit boards or metal conductor air strips.

[0060] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 Specifically, the third cavity 312 is connected to the first cavity 311 and combined to form the upper cavity 31. The upper cavity 31 is provided with a first common metal wall 313, which divides its internal space into the third cavity 312 and the first cavity 311.

[0061] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 Similarly, the fourth cavity 322 is connected to the second cavity 321 and combined to form the lower cavity 32. The lower cavity 32 and the upper cavity 31 are stacked. The lower cavity 32 is provided with a second common metal wall 323, which divides its internal space into the fourth cavity 322 and the second cavity 321.

[0062] Optionally, both the upper cavity 31 and the lower cavity 32 are configured as strip-shaped cavity structures.

[0063] Please see Figures 7 to 11 , Figure 7 It shows Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure shown from one perspective. Figure 8 This diagram illustrates a structure in which a first signal transmission line 35 is connected to a first power supply network 33 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first signal transmission line 35 connected to a first power supply network 33 according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 10 This diagram illustrates a structure in which the first signal transmission line 35 is connected to the first power supply network 33 according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a power supply system 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In one embodiment, there are multiple first signal transmission lines 35. The multiple first signal transmission lines 35 are arranged sequentially along a first direction, with one end of each first signal transmission line 35 connected to a first output terminal and the other end of each first signal transmission line 35 connected to a first polarized power supply element 21. Specifically, the first power supply network 33 includes multiple first feed lines 331, which are connected one-to-one with the multiple first signal transmission lines 35. Thus, the first polarized power supply element 21 of the radiating unit 20 is connected to the first signal transmission lines 35, and the first signal transmission lines 35 are connected to the first output terminal of the first power supply network 33, realizing signal transmission between the first output terminal and the first polarized power supply element 21.

[0064] Please see Figures 7 to 11 In one embodiment, there are multiple second signal transmission lines 36. These multiple second signal transmission lines 36 are arranged sequentially along a first direction, with one end of each second signal transmission line 36 connected to a corresponding second output terminal and the other end connected to a corresponding second polarization feed element 22. Specifically, the second feed network 34 includes multiple second feed wires 341, each connected to a corresponding second signal transmission line 36. Thus, the second polarization feed element 22 of the radiating unit 20 is connected to the corresponding second signal transmission lines 36, and the second signal transmission lines 36 are connected to the corresponding second output terminal of the second feed network 34, enabling signal transmission between the second output terminal and the second polarization feed element 22.

[0065] Optionally, the length of each first signal transmission line 35 and the phase distribution of the corresponding radiating element 20 are correlated with each second signal transmission line 36 to achieve the phase matching required by the antenna array.

[0066] Please see Figures 7 to 11In one embodiment, the third cavity 312 and the first cavity 311 are provided with a first common metal wall 313, and the first common metal wall 313 is provided with a first clearance hole. Specifically, there are multiple first clearance holes, each corresponding to a plurality of first signal transmission lines 35. One end of each first signal transmission line 35 passes through a corresponding first clearance hole and extends into the first cavity 311 to connect with a first output terminal. Thus, after passing through the first clearance hole, the first signal transmission line 35 smoothly connects to the first output terminal located inside the first cavity 311. Furthermore, the first cavity 311 is, for example, a cavity with four sides closed, providing good isolation.

[0067] Please see Figures 7 to 11 In one embodiment, the fourth cavity 322 and the second cavity 321 are provided with a second common metal wall 323, and the second common metal wall 323 is provided with a second clearance hole. Specifically, there are multiple second clearance holes, each corresponding to a multiple second signal transmission lines 36. One end of each second signal transmission line 36 passes through a corresponding second clearance hole and extends into the interior of the second cavity 321 to connect with a second output terminal. In this way, the second signal output line passes through the second clearance hole and smoothly connects with the second output terminal located inside the second cavity 321. In addition, the second cavity 321 is, for example, a cavity that is closed on all four sides, providing good isolation.

[0068] It should be noted that, taking the first cavity 311 as an example, the first cavity 311 being closed on all four sides means that along the length of the first cavity 311 (i.e., as shown in the image) Figure 1 Observing in the direction indicated by the double arrow S, the side wall of the first cavity 311 is a continuous 360° ring wall, which encloses a through hole, through which the first power supply network 33 passes.

[0069] In one embodiment, the other end of the first signal transmission line 35 is located at the vertical projection of the first polarization feed element 21. The third cavity 312 is provided with multiple third clearance holes corresponding to the multiple first polarization feed elements 21. The first polarization feed element 21 extends through the corresponding third clearance hole into the interior of the third cavity 312 and connects to the other end of the first signal transmission line 35. Thus, since the other end of the first signal transmission line 35 is located at the vertical projection of the first polarization feed element 21, after the first polarization feed element 21 of the radiating unit 20 extends vertically downward into the interior of the third cavity 312 through the third clearance hole, it can be connected to the other end of the corresponding first signal transmission line 35, for example, by welding, enabling rapid assembly and connection.

[0070] In one embodiment, the other end of the second signal transmission line 36 is located at the vertical projection of the second polarization feed member 22. The third cavity 312 and the fourth cavity 322 each have multiple fourth clearance holes corresponding to the multiple second polarization feed members 22. The second polarization feed member 22 passes through the corresponding fourth clearance hole and extends into the fourth cavity 322 to connect with the other end of the second signal transmission line 36. Similarly, since the other end of the second signal transmission line 36 is located at the vertical projection of the second polarization feed member 22, after the second polarization feed member 22 of the radiating unit 20 passes through the fourth clearance hole and extends vertically downward into the fourth cavity 322, it can be connected to the other end of the corresponding second signal transmission line 36, for example, by welding, enabling rapid assembly and connection.

[0071] Furthermore, this layout is compact and can save the size of the power supply system 30 to the maximum extent, achieving a high degree of integration of the antenna array.

[0072] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 11 In one embodiment, the first polarization feed element 21 and the second polarization feed element 22 of the plurality of radiating elements 20 are arranged sequentially along a first direction. In this way, the first polarization feed element 21 and the second polarization feed element 22 of the plurality of radiating elements 20 are arranged along the same axial direction, thereby making the structure compact, saving the size of the feeding system 30 to the maximum extent, and achieving a high degree of integration of the antenna array.

[0073] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 In one embodiment, the third cavity 312 is a cavity structure that is closed on all four sides along its length (e.g., Figure 4 (as shown), or designed as an open cavity structure (such as...) Figure 5 (As shown); the fourth cavity 322 is a closed cavity structure along its length, or it can be an open cavity structure. Thus, when the third cavity 312 is an open cavity structure, it facilitates the connection operation between the first polarization feeder 21 and the first signal transmission line 35. Similarly, when the fourth cavity 322 is an open cavity structure, it facilitates the connection operation between the second polarization feeder 22 and the second signal transmission line 36.

[0074] Please see Figure 5 Optionally, the side of the third cavity 312 opposite to the first common metal wall 313 is provided as a first opening 3121. In addition, the side of the fourth cavity 322 opposite to the second common metal wall 323 is provided as a second opening 3221.

[0075] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 In one embodiment, the first cavity 311, the second cavity 321, the third cavity 312 and the fourth cavity 322 are integrally formed.

[0076] Please see Figure 7 and Figure 10 In one embodiment, the phase distribution of each first output terminal of the first feed network 33 matches the aperture phase distribution set by the antenna array, and each first signal transmission line 35 is a shorting wire of the same length (e.g., Figure 10 (As shown); Furthermore, the phase distribution of each second output terminal of the second feed network 34 matches the aperture phase distribution set by the antenna array, and each second signal transmission line 36 is a shorting wire of the same length. Thus, each first signal transmission line 35 mainly plays the role of signal transmission, enabling the signal to be transmitted between the first output terminal and the first polarization feed element 21; each second signal transmission line 36 mainly plays the role of signal transmission, enabling the signal to be transmitted between the second output terminal and the second polarization feed element 22.

[0077] Please see Figures 8 to 11 , Figures 8 to 10 Three first signal transmission lines 35 of different lengths are shown respectively. Figure 8 The first signal transmission line 35 shown has curved sections at both ends. Figure 9 The first signal transmission line 35 shown is, for example, Ω-shaped. Figure 10 The first signal transmission line 35 shown is a straight segment, thus, Figure 9 The length of the first signal transmission line 35 shown is greater than Figure 8 The first signal transmission line 35 shown is shown. Figure 8 The length of the first signal transmission line 35 shown is greater than Figure 10 The length of the first signal transmission line 35 shown. Furthermore, Figure 11 The diagram shows three first signal transmission lines 35 of different lengths installed in the same power supply system 30. As some alternatives, the first signal transmission lines 35 in the power supply system 30 can be transmission lines of different or not identical lengths. The second signal transmission lines 36 in the power supply system 30 can also be transmission lines of different or not identical lengths.

[0078] Optionally, the lengths of each first signal transmission line 35 and / or each second signal transmission line 36 can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs, so that the phase distribution of each output port of the feed system 30 matches the aperture phase distribution set by the antenna array. In other words, the lengths of each first signal transmission line 35 and / or each second signal transmission line 36 can be flexibly designed to change and adjust the phase distribution of each output port of the feed system 30 to meet the aperture phase distribution requirements of different antenna arrays. Specifically, in the antenna design process, in order to enable the first signal transmission line 35 and / or the second signal transmission line 36 to perform phase matching functions, the shapes of the first signal transmission line 35 and / or the second signal transmission line 36 are flexibly designed and adjusted according to their respective length requirements, for example, see [reference needed]. Figures 8 to 10 The first signal transmission line 35 is designed in three different shapes, which also enables antenna miniaturization. Thus, for different antenna arrays, only the lengths of the signal transmission lines need to be adjusted to obtain the required phase distribution of the antenna array, eliminating the need to redesign the feed network and significantly improving design flexibility.

[0079] In one embodiment, the first feed network 33 and the second feed network 34 are metal conductor air striplines. This reduces the loss of the feed system 30 and improves the efficiency of the antenna array.

[0080] In one embodiment, the radiating element 20 further includes a radiator 23. The antenna array also includes a reflector 10.

[0081] Please refer to the following: Figure 7 The reflector 10 and the upper cavity 31 of the power supply system 30 are integrated into one structure, and the reflector 10 and each radiator 23 are connected to the same ground.

[0082] Please see Figure 12 , Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the antenna array according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown. In one embodiment, the reflector 10 and the upper cavity 31 of the feeding system 30 are separate structures, and the reflector 10, each radiator 23 and the upper cavity 31 of the feeding system 30 are connected to the same ground.

[0083] Please see Figure 13 and Figure 14 , Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the antenna array according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 14 It shows Figure 13The diagram shows another perspective view of the structure. In one embodiment, the reflector 10 and the upper cavity 31 of the power supply system 30 are separate structures. Each radiator 23 is connected to the upper cavity 31 of the power supply system 30 via a common ground. The reflector 10 is provided with multiple first clearance windows 11 corresponding to the multiple radiators 23. The radiators 23 pass through the corresponding first clearance windows 11, thus insulating the radiators 23 from the reflector 10. Specifically, the reflector 10 is connected and fixed to the upper cavity 31 of the power supply system 30, for example, using an insulating component.

[0084] Please see Figure 15 and Figure 16 , Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the antenna array according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 16 It shows Figure 15 The diagram shows another perspective view of the structure. In one embodiment, the reflector 10 and the upper cavity 31 of the power supply system 30 are separate structures. Each radiator 23 shares a metal wall 37 with the middle layer of the power supply system 30 and is grounded together. The reflector 10 is provided with a plurality of first clearance windows 11 corresponding to each radiator 23. The top wall of the upper cavity 31 is provided with a second clearance window 314 corresponding to the first clearance window 11. The radiators 23 are sequentially inserted into the corresponding first clearance window 11 and second clearance window 314.

[0085] Optionally, the first signal transmission line 35 and the second signal transmission line 36 are arranged in the space shared by the radiator 23 and the cavity structure of the signal transmission unit (including the third cavity 312 and the fourth cavity 322). The layout is relatively compact and makes reasonable use of space. This can achieve miniaturization and realize the phase matching function at a very low cost, greatly improving the design flexibility of the antenna.

[0086] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, the radiating unit 20 further includes a radiator 23. The first polarization feed element 21 and the second polarization feed element 22 are each coupled to the radiator 23. Thus, the radiating unit 20 is a coupled-feeding method, meaning that the radiator 23 is coupled to the first polarization feed element 21 and the second polarization feed element 22 respectively, enabling the radiator 23 to be electroplated-free.

[0087] In one embodiment, the radiator is manufactured, for example, by integral die casting, or by other means as required.

[0088] Please see Figure 7In one embodiment, since the first polarization feed element 21 is directly connected to the corresponding first signal transmission line 35 and the second polarization feed element 22 is directly connected to the corresponding second signal transmission line 36, the coaxial cable is omitted. The radiator 23, the reflector 10, and the feed system 30 cavity do not need to be electroplated or welded, resulting in more stable and reliable intermodulation, a more environmentally friendly antenna, and higher production efficiency.

[0089] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 , Figure 17 A schematic diagram of a multi-frequency antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 18 It shows Figure 17 Another perspective view of the structure shown. In one embodiment, a multi-frequency antenna includes at least one antenna array of any of the above embodiments.

[0090] The aforementioned multi-frequency antenna arranges the first cavity 311 and the second cavity 321 in a stacked manner on the back of the reflector 10. The first polarization feed 21 extends downward and is electrically connected to the corresponding first output terminal, and the second polarization feed 22 extends downward and is electrically connected to the corresponding second output terminal. This arrangement is compact and can save the size of the feed system 30 to the maximum extent, achieving a high degree of integration of the antenna array.

[0091] Please see Figure 17 and Figure 18 In one embodiment, there are multiple antenna arrays, each antenna array can be in the same frequency band or different frequency bands, and each antenna array shares the reflector 10.

[0092] In one embodiment, the antenna arrays are along a second direction of the reflector 10 (e.g., Figure 17 The antenna arrays are arranged in sequence at intervals along the second direction of the reflector 10. Due to the high integration of the antenna arrays, the height and width of the multi-frequency antennas are effectively reduced and narrowed, achieving miniaturization, low wind resistance, lightweight, high integration and high production efficiency of the multi-frequency antennas.

[0093] Please see Figure 17 and Figure 18 , Figure 17 The multi-frequency antenna shown has a total of six antenna arrays, each along the second direction of the reflector 10 (e.g., ...). Figure 17The antenna arrays are arranged sequentially at intervals (in the direction indicated by the double arrow W). The operating frequency bands of the antenna arrays from left to right are, for example: 1427MHz-2690MHz, 690MHz-960MHz, 1427MHz-2690MHz, 1427MHz-2690MHz, 690MHz-960MHz, 1427MHz-2690MHz, which includes two columns of low-frequency antenna arrays and four columns of high-frequency antenna arrays. Furthermore, the width and height of the feed network cavity are 35mm and 15mm respectively, and the width of the signal transmission modules are 15mm and 15mm respectively. Therefore, the width and height of the feed system 30 are 50mm and 15mm respectively. The column spacing of the four high-frequency antenna arrays is 110mm, 90mm, and 110mm respectively, and the column spacing of the two low-frequency antenna arrays is 210mm.

[0094] In this embodiment of the invention, the reflector 10 and the feeding system 30 are integrated. It should be noted that the direction in which the feeding terminal of the radiating element 20 in each antenna array deviates from the central axis of the radiating element 20 can be flexibly set according to actual conditions. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 18 In this embodiment of the invention, viewed from left to right, the directions in which the feed ends of the radiating elements 20 in the six antenna arrays deviate from the central axis of the radiating element 20 are, in order, right, left, left, right, right, and left. The width of the antenna is fully utilized, with an antenna width of only 395mm. Figure 18 It can be seen that there is still room for further reduction in antenna width, which can be determined according to actual needs.

[0095] Taking the embodiments of the present invention as an example, if the power supply system 30 adopts a horizontally laid-out structure, the middle part needs to reserve a corresponding width for screw fastening. Therefore, the width of the power supply system 30 needs to be widened to about 75mm, and the antenna width needs to be increased to about 475mm. If the power supply system 30 adopts a horizontally vertically placed structure, the height of the power supply system 30 needs to be changed from 15mm to 35mm. The antenna width can remain unchanged, but the height needs to be increased by about 20mm. Moreover, since the above two schemes do not have independent signal transmission modules, they cannot perform phase matching for each radiating element 20, which greatly reduces the design flexibility.

[0096] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0097] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

[0098] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0099] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0100] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0101] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0102] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

Claims

1. An antenna array, characterized by The application relates to an antenna device. The antenna device comprises a radiation unit and a feed system. The radiation unit comprises a first polarization feed and a second polarization feed. The feed system comprises a feed network unit arranged below the radiation unit. The feed network unit comprises a first cavity and a second cavity arranged in a vertical stack.

2. The antenna array of claim 1, wherein, The first cavity and the second cavity correspondingly comprise a first feed network and a second feed network arranged in the first cavity and the second cavity respectively.

3. The antenna array of claim 1, wherein, The feed network unit is provided with a feed port comprising a first output end and a second output end. The first output end and the second output end are correspondingly arranged on the same side of the first cavity and the second cavity by the first feed network and the second feed network respectively.

4. The antenna array of claim 1, wherein, The feed system further comprises a signal transmission unit. The signal transmission unit comprises a first transmission component and a second transmission component arranged on the same side of the first cavity and the second cavity. The first transmission component and the second transmission component comprise a third cavity and a fourth cavity correspondingly arranged on the same side of the first cavity and the second cavity. The third cavity and the fourth cavity are arranged in a vertical stack. The first signal transmission line is arranged in the third cavity. The second signal transmission line is arranged in the fourth cavity. The first signal transmission line and the second signal transmission line are both PCBs or metal conductor air strip lines. The radiation unit is arranged in a plurality of units and is arranged in intervals along the longitudinal direction of the first cavity. The first output end and the second output end are both arranged in a plurality of units. The first output end and the second output end are arranged in intervals along the longitudinal direction of the first cavity and the second cavity. The third cavity and the first cavity are provided with a first shared metal wall. The first shared metal wall is provided with a first avoiding hole. One end of the first signal transmission line is arranged in the first avoiding hole and extends into the first cavity and is connected to the first output end. The fourth cavity and the second cavity are provided with a second shared metal wall. The second shared metal wall is provided with a second avoiding hole. One end of the second signal transmission line is arranged in the second avoiding hole and extends into the second cavity and is connected to the second output end. The other end of the first signal transmission line is arranged at the vertical projection of the first polarization feed. The third cavity is provided with a third avoiding hole corresponding to the first polarization feed. The first polarization feed extends into the third cavity through the corresponding third avoiding hole and is connected to the other end of the first signal transmission line. The other end of the second signal transmission line is located at the vertical projection of the second polarized feed, and the third cavity and the fourth cavity are each provided with a fourth avoiding hole corresponding to the second polarized feed, and the second polarized feed penetrates through the corresponding fourth avoiding hole and extends into the fourth cavity to be connected with the other end of the second signal transmission line.

5. The antenna array of claim 1, wherein, The third cavity is a closed cavity structure along the length direction thereof, or is an open cavity structure; and the fourth cavity is a closed cavity structure along the length direction thereof, or is an open cavity structure.

6. The antenna array of claim 1, wherein, The radiation units, the feed ports, the first signal transmission lines and the second signal transmission lines are multiple, and the multiple feed ports, the multiple first signal transmission lines, the multiple second signal transmission lines are correspondingly arranged with the multiple radiation units, the length of each first signal transmission line and each second signal transmission line is related to the phase distribution of the corresponding radiation unit, so as to realize the required phase matching of the antenna array.

7. The antenna array of claim 1, wherein, The first cavity, the second cavity, the third cavity and the fourth cavity are integrally formed.

8. The antenna array of claim 1, wherein, The first feed network and the second feed network are both PCB circuit boards or metal conductor air strip lines.

9. The antenna array of claim 1, wherein, The radiation unit further comprises a radiator, and the antenna array further comprises a reflector plate. The reflector plate and the upper layer cavity of the feed system are an integrated structure, and the reflector plate is connected with each radiator in common; or The reflector plate and the upper layer cavity of the feed system are a split structure, and the reflector plate, each radiator and the upper layer cavity of the feed system are connected in common; or The reflector plate and the upper layer cavity of the feed system are a split structure, each radiator and the upper layer cavity of the feed system are connected in common, the reflector plate is provided with multiple first avoiding windows corresponding to the multiple radiators, and the radiators are arranged in the corresponding first avoiding windows; or The reflector plate and the upper layer cavity of the feed system are a split structure, each radiator and the intermediate layer of the feed system are connected in common through a shared metal wall, the reflector plate is provided with multiple first avoiding windows corresponding to each radiator, the top wall of the upper layer cavity is provided with second avoiding windows corresponding to the first avoiding windows, and the radiators are arranged in the corresponding first avoiding windows and second avoiding windows in sequence.

10. The antenna array of claim 1, wherein, The first polarized feed and the second polarized feed are each coupled with the radiator.

11. The antenna array of claim 9 or 10, wherein, The radiator is integrally formed by die casting.

12. A multi-band antenna, comprising: The multi-frequency antenna comprises at least one antenna array as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. The multi-band antenna of claim 12, wherein, The antenna array is at least two, and the at least two antenna arrays are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the reflector plate of the multi-frequency antenna; each antenna array is of the same frequency band or different frequency bands, and each antenna array shares the reflector plate. The antenna array is at least two, and the at least two antenna arrays are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the reflector plate of the multi-frequency antenna; each antenna array is of the same frequency band or different frequency bands, and each antenna array shares the reflector plate.

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